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课时提能练(二)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(济宁市 2020 年高考模拟考试)Physical activity calorie equivalent (相等的
东西) (PACE) labels could improve on labels that identify only calories and the
nutrient content, according to a new scientific review.
Under the proposed system, a small bar of chocolate would carry a label
informing consumers that it would take 23 minutes of running or 46 minutes of
walking to burn off the 230 calories it contains.The largescale application of PACE
labels could, on average, cut calorie consumption by up to 200 calories per person
per day, according to researchers.
Amanda Daley, lead researcher from Loughborough University，said that PACE
labels would present the information in a more accessible way to consumers than
the existing calorie and nutrient content labels.She told CNN that the current labeling
system “hasn't made a huge difference to obesity in the UK”．
She and her team looked at data from 14 studies that examined the effectiveness
of PACE labeling in reducing calorie consumption.Researchers caution that the
number of studies included in the review was small, and most took place in
controlled environments rather than realworld settings, but still conclude that PACE
labeling is worth trying.A reduction of about 100 calories per day, combined with
a sustained increase in physical activity, could reduce obesity rates, according to
Daley.She called PACE a “really simple and really straightforward” strategy,
and suggested it could be used on food and drink packaging, supermarket labels
and restaurant menus.
However, Nichola LudlamRaine，a registered dietitian and spokesperson for
the British Dietetic Association, flagged some issues with PACE labels.Ludlam
Raine said PACE “could be extremely problematic” for those with eating disorders
as it suggests that food needs to be “burnt off”．It also promotes the idea that
calories，rather than nutrients, are the main consideration when it comes to food,
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she added.“Remember, you cannot outrun a bad diet，” said LudlamRaine,
explaining that exercising doesn't mean you can live off chocolate and fizzy drinks.
【语篇解读】 本文属于说明文。PACE 标签能够以一种更易懂的方式展示
食物的卡路里和营养含量，大规模应用 PACE 标签，或可减少人们的热量摄入。
1．What does Daley think of the existing labeling system?
A．It contains physical activity calories.
B．It affects calorie consumption greatly.
C．It's not effective enough against obesity.
D．It can be widely applied to other fields.
C [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“She told CNN that the current labeling
system'hasn't made a huge difference to obesity in the UK'”可知，Amanda Daley
认为现在的标签体系并没有对英国的肥胖问题产生巨大的影响，即不能足够有效
地解决肥胖问题。]
2．What does the underlined word “flagged” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A．Pointed out. B．Left out.
C．Objected to. D．Jumped at.
A [词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“LudlamRaine said PACE 'could be
extremely problematic' for those with eating disorders as it suggests that food needs
to be'burnt off'”可知，LudlamRaine 讲到了 PACE 标签对于那些饮食失调的
人来说存在的问题，故画线词所在句应表示她指出或提到一些有关 PACE 标签的
问题，故选 A 项。point out“指出；指明”。leave out“遗漏，不包括”；object
to“反对，不赞成”；jump at“迫不及待地接受”。]
3．What can be inferred from LudlamRaine's words?
A．PACE labeling causes eating disorders.
B．Calories matter more than nutrients.
C．Having a good diet is more important.
D．Taking exercise is not necessary at all.
C [推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“'Remember，you cannot outrun a bad
diet，' said LudlamRaine，explaining that exercising doesn't mean you can live
off chocolate and fizzy drinks.”可知，有一个好的饮食习惯很重要。]
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4．Which section of a magazine is the text likely from?
A．Fashion. B．Health.
C．Sports. D．Technology.
B [文章出处题。文章主要介绍了有助于减少消费者每天的卡路里摄入量
的 PACE 标签，并在最后提到好的饮食习惯的必要性，故文章话题应属于“健
康”这一范畴，最可能在杂志的健康版块出现。]
B
(河北省 2020 届高三教学质量检测)
Can snacking be a key element of a healthy lifestyle? If your first response
is “No！”， here's a chance to update your opinions.Some of us were raised
with the advice of “Never eat between meals.”， which can protect our teeth from
sweets.Yet there can be significant advantages of snacking on healthy
foods.Researchers have found that eating frequent minimeals offers health
benefits.Dr.David Jenkins and colleagues at the University of Toronto have reported
some remarkable advantages.
In one study, participants were randomly divided into two groups and both
groups were given the same type and amount of food over a twoweek period.One
group consumed three meals a day.For those having a “Nibbling Diet”， food
was divided into 17 minimeals a day.After two weeks, the nibblers had reduced
their blood cholesterol (胆固醇) levels by more than 15 percent.Cortisol (皮质
醇), a stress indicator, was reduced by 17 percent.Average serum insulin (血
清胰岛素) levels of nibblers were reduced by 28 percent.With less insulin, the
body is less likely to convert loads of calories into body fat.
Also, you may think eating concentrated sources of fat or sugar (or both)
will pack the weight into your body.However, see below for some examples of
healthy snacks：
Nuts are high in fat so keep portions moderate.
However, the fat comes with a wealth of minerals and protective substances.For
growing youngsters, highenergy adults, athletes and those who have difficulty
maintaining their weight, nuts are a great solution.
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Dried fruits (raisins, currants, apricots) help you stock up on iron.If you tend
to feel cold in winter, keep raisins handy.When your blood sugar drops, you'll
have an instant remedy.Fresh fruit is also a great choice.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文，很多人从小就被教导“两餐之间不要吃
东西”，然而，研究人员发现，经常吃健康的零食对身体有很大的益处。
5．Why does the author propose a question at the beginning of the passage?
A．To raise the readers' awareness of refusing snacks.
B．To arouse the readers' interest in the topic.
C．To show the significance of healthy lifestyles.
D．To emphasize the importance of eating snacks.
B [推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Can snacking be a key element of a
healthy lifestyle？If your first response is'No！'，here's a chance to update your
opinions.”和下文介绍的经常吃健康零食的好处可知，文章开头的问题是为了引
起读者对该话题的兴趣，从而引出文章的主题。故选 B 项。]
6．What do the underlined words “Nibbling Diet” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A．Not eating too much food at a time.
B．Eating many snacks at a time.
C．Eating food gently each time.
D．Eating food quickly each time.
A [词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“One group consumed three meals a
day.”和画线部分后的 food was divided into 17 minimeals a day 可知，此处
指参与者被随机分为两组，在两周的时间里，两组都被供应相同种类和数量的食
物；一组人每天吃三顿饭，另一组每天的食物则被分成 17 份。由此可推知，画
线部分应指一次不吃太多食物。故选 A 项。]
7．How does the author convince readers to believe his opinion?
A．By explaining some concepts.
B．By using many experts' words.
C．By asking many specific questions.
D．By giving some examples.
D [推理判断题。根据第二段的内容可知，作者通过介绍一项研究实验来
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论证自己的观点，而第四段至第六段作者举例说明不同的人应该吃什么健康零
食，所以作者是通过举例来让读者信服他的观点的。故选 D 项。]
8．Who can benefit from dried fruits in daily life?
A．An athlete who needs to maintain his weight.
B．A child who is eager to grow up quickly.
C．A girl who wants to warm herself in winter.
D．A patient who longs to decrease his blood sugar.
C [细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Dried fruits (raisins，currants，apricots)
help you stock up on iron.If you tend to feel cold in winter，keep raisins handy.”
可知，如果你冬天容易感到冷的话，可以把葡萄干放在手边，当作零食。由此可
知，想要在冬天让自己暖和起来的女孩会从葡萄干这种干果中受益。故选 C 项。]
Ⅱ.完形填空
(天津市南开区2019－2020学年度第二学期高三模拟考试一)People get truly
happy and successful by becoming the best and the most genuine (真实的) version
of themselves, not on the outside－on the inside.It's not about a brand or a
1 ．It's about reality: who you really are.
It sounds simple，I know.The problem is it's very hard to do.It takes a lot
of work, and it can take a lifetime to 2 it out.
3 worth doing in life is ever easy.If you want to do great work，it's
going to take a lot of hard work to do it.And you're going to have to break out
of your comfort zone and take some 4 that will scare you so much.But what's
the 5 of life if you cannot find yourself and try to become the best?
That's what Steve Jobs 6 when he said：Your time is 7 ， so don't
waste it living someone else's life.Don't let the noise of others' opinions drown
out (淹没) your own inner 8 ．You have to 9 something－your gut (直
觉), fate, life, or 10 ．This approach has never let me down, and it has 11
to my life.
Now, let's be 12 about this for a moment.Insightful as that advice maybe,
it sounds a little too 13 to resonate (引起共鸣) with today's quickfix
culture.These days, if you can't tell people exactly what to do and how to do
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it, it will 14 deaf ears.
Not only that, but what Jobs was talking about, or what I'm talking about,
requires focus and discipline，two things that are very hard to 15 these
days.Why? Because focus and discipline are hard.It's so much easier to 16 to
distraction(分心)．
There's a business concept called opportunity cost.When you choose one course
of action, you will miss out on all the other opportunities you might choose to
17 ．People 18 stop to consider that until it's too late.
And yet, the opportunity for adventure is right there in front of each and every
one of us.Until you take it, you'll never know what you might 19 ．All you
have to do is to 20 the journey.So, take action!
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文，人们通过成长为最好和最真实的自我才
会得到真正的成功和快乐。只有通过不断探索，及时行动，才能抓住机会，有所
成就。
1．A．personality B．quality C．talent D．reputation
D [语境推断。前文讲到，人们通过成长为最好、最真实的自己才会得到
真正的成功和快乐，这是从内心，而非从外表而言的。根据空前的 a brand 可知，
此处所说的也应是外在的东西。reputation 意为“声誉，名声”，符合语境。]
2．A．put B． leave
C．figure D．check
C [语境推断。根据前文的“it's very hard to do”和空前的“It takes a lot
of work”可知，此处应表示，实现真正的自我并不简单，可能需要一生的时间
才能弄明白。figure...out 意为“搞清楚，弄明白”，符合语境。]
3．A．Everything B．Anything
C．Something D．Nothing
D [语境推断。根据后文的“it's going to take a lot of hard work to do it”
可知，此处应表示，生活中任何值得做的事情从来都不容易。故 nothing 符合语
境。]
4．A．rewards B．chances
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C．advantages D．responsibilities
B [语境推断。根据空前的“break out of your comfort zone”和空后的
“scare you so much”并结合选项可知，此处应指你将必须走出舒适区，去抓
住那些会让你非常恐惧的机会。chance 意为“机会”，符合语境。]
5．A．aim B．sense
C．effect D．result
B [语境及常识推断。结合常识和选项可知，此处应表示，如果不去发现
自我，尽力做最好的自己，人生又有何意义呢？sense 意为“意义”，符合语境。]
6．A．planned B．meant
C．mentioned D．informed
B [语境推断。根据空后的“when he said”和后文他的话可知，此处应表
示这就是乔布斯说这些话的意思。mean 意为“意思是”，符合语境。]
7．A．endless B．abundant
C．random D．limited
D [常识及逻辑推断。根据常识及空后的“so don't waste it”可知，此处
与后文为语义上的因果关系。故此处应指时间有限。limited 意为“有限的”，符
合语境。]
8．A．mind B．voice
C．action D．heart
B [语境推断。根据空前的“others' opinions”可推知，设空处应为个人的
观点。结合选项可推知，此处应指，不要让他人的观点淹没了你内心的声音。voice
意为“声音；意见”，符合语境。]
9．A．trust B．deny
C．admire D．forget
A [语境推断。前文提到，不要让他人的观点淹没了你自己内心的声音。
根据后文的“gut，fate”和选项可推知，此处应指一定要相信些什么，如你的直
觉等。trust 意为“信任；信赖”，符合语境。]
10．A．however B．whichever
C．whenever D．whatever
D [语境及逻辑推断。根据空前的“gut，fate”和表示选择的连词 or 可推
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知，此处强调相信心和信念的重要性，无论是相信你的直觉、命运、生命或是任
何东西，总之要心怀信念。故 whatever 符合语境。]
11．A．drawn close attention
B．attached great importance
C．made all the difference
D．touched a raw nerve
C [语境推断。根据空前的“never let me down”可知，此处应指这个方
法一直没有让“我”失望，对“我”的生活产生了重要影响。make all the
difference 意为“影响很大”，符合语境。]
12．A．realistic B．enthusiastic
C．energetic D．optimistic
A [语境推断。根据后文的“too...to resonate with today's quickfix
culture”可知，尽管前文提出的观点很有价值；但在如今的快节奏文化中未必现
实。]
13．A．challenging B．dynamic
C．fragile D．consistent
A [语境及逻辑推断。根据空前的 as 可知，此处前后文之间应为转折关系。
故此处应指，这个建议或许很有见地，但听完却让人无从着手，难以运用到当今
的快节奏文化中。challenging 意为“有挑战性的”，符合语境。]
14．A．turn out B．bring about
C．fall on D．involve in
C [常识推断。根据常识和选项可推知，此处应指，现如今，如果一个建
议讲不清具体该做什么，该怎么做的话，那么说了也会遭人忽视。fall on a deaf
ear 意为“(建议、警告)遭人忽视，不被理睬”，符合语境。]
15．A．come by B．stand by
C．look back D．care for
A [语境推断。根据空后的“Because focus and discipline are hard.”可知，
集中注意力和自我约束都很难，故此处应指这两件事情在现今都很难做到。come
by 意为“得到；收到”，符合语境。]
16．A．get down B．give in
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C．give rise D．pay attention
B [语境推断。根据前文的“focus and discipline are hard”可知，此处应
指专注和自律都很难，而向分心屈服就容易多了。即人们很容易分散注意力。give
in to 意为“屈服于，对……让步”，符合语境。]
17．A．preserve B．create
C．pursue D．abandon
C [语境及常识推断。根据空前的“miss out on all the other opportunities”
和常识可知，选择一种行动方案会错失所有其他你可能选择去追求的机会。
pursue 意为“追寻”，符合语境。]
18．A．frequently B．rarely
C．actively D．passively
B [语境推断。根据前文的“opportunity cost”可知，机会成本指每做出一
种选择就意味着错失很多其他的机会。结合选项可知，此处应指，人们停下来考
虑这一点时已经太晚。即人们很少能考虑到这一点。rarely 意为“很少，几乎不”，
符合语境。]
19．A．achieve B．survive
C．believe D．relieve
A [语境推断。根据前文的“the opportunity for adventure is right there”
和“Until you take it”可知，此处应指，每个人都有机会去探索，如果你不去
做，你就永远不知道你能获得什么成就。achieve 意为“取得，达到”，符合语
境。]
20．A．enjoy B．expect
C．design D．start
D [语境推断。根据最后一句中的“take action”可知，此处应指你要做的
就是采取行动，马上开始。故 start 符合语境。]
Ⅲ.语法填空
(山东省青岛市 2020 年高三统一质量检测)About 1.4 billion people around
the world do not get enough physical exercise.This number comes 1.______ the
World Health Organization (WHO)．A new WHO report warns that a lack of exercise
2.______(great) increases the risk of health problems.The WHO says the new study
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is the first 3.______(estimate)physical activity trends around the world.The report
said the levels of physical inactivity are more than two times as high in 4.______
(wealth) countries as they are in countries where people earn low wages.In richer
countries, people are more likely to spend time 5.______ (sit) in the office.
How much activity should we get?
To stay healthy, the report 6.______(suggest) that people do at least 150
minutes of moderate (适中的) physical activity or 75 minutes of intense physical
activity every week.If you work in a highrise office building，take the stairs instead
of an elevator.Take more 7.______(break) during the workday and move around.If
your workplace offers 8.______ gym，be sure to use it.It also urges governments
to provide and care for infrastructure(基础设施), such as better and 9.______(safe)
roads.This would help encourage increasing walking 10.______ cycling for
transportation，as well as sports and recreations.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，全球约 14 亿人运动量不足。世卫组织
的一份报告称，缺乏锻炼大大地增加了人们患健康问题的风险。
1．from [考查介词。句意：这一数字来自世界卫生组织(世卫组织)。come
from 意为“来自”，为固定搭配，故填 from。]
2．greatly [考查词性转换。句意：世卫组织一份新的报告告诫称，缺乏锻
炼大大地增加了(人们遭遇)健康问题的风险。设空处修饰动词 increases，应用副
词，故填 greatly。]
3．to estimate [考查非谓语动词。句意：世卫组织表示，这项新研究是首
个对全球体育活动趋势进行预估的研究。the first to do sth.表示“第一个做某
事”，the first 后常跟动词不定式作定语，故填 to estimate。]
4．wealthy [考查词性转换。句意：报告称，富裕国家民众的不运动水平
是那些低收入国家民众的不运动水平的两倍多。设空处修饰名词 countries，应用
形容词，故填 wealthy。]
5．sitting [考查非谓语动词。句意：在较富裕的国家，人们更有可能坐在
办公室度日。spend time(in) doing sth.意为“花费时间做某事”，为固定用法，
故填 sitting。]
6．suggests [考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：为了保持健康，报告建
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议大家每周至少做 150 分钟强度适中的体育活动或者 75 分钟的剧烈体育活动。
此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时。主语 the report 为单数含义，谓语动词也
应用第三人称单数形式，故填 suggests。]
7．breaks [考查名词单复数。句意：工作日多休息几次，四处走动一下。
此处 break 为可数名词，意为“休息”。根据空前的 more 可知，此处应用复数
形式，故填 breaks。]
8．a [考查冠词。句意：如果你的工作场所提供了健身房，你一定要利用
它。此处 gym 为可数名词，意为“健身房”，且此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词
修饰，故填 a。]
9．safer [考查形容词的比较等级。句意：它(报告)同时还敦促各国政府提
供和养护基础设施，比如(为民众铺设)更好、更安全的道路。设空处与前面的比
较级 better 之间由 and 连接，故设空处也应用比较级形式，与 better 并列。故填
safer。]
10．and/or [考查连词。句意：这将有助于鼓励人们更多地步行和/或骑自
行车出行，以及进行更多运动和娱乐活动。根据句意可知，设空处前面的 walking
和设空处后面的 cycling 可以是并列关系也可以是选择关系，故填 and 或 or。]
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