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课时提能练(二十六)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·第 3 月检测，C)It's funny how readily we “take the advice
of complete strangers” when shopping online. More than 80 percent of Americans
say they read online reviews at least some of the time. But on sites such as Amazon
and Yelp, businesses have learnt to “make the most of the rating system to the
seller's or the platform's advantage”， eventually “making the starrating scale
useless”．Even in the case of confirmed reviews, it can be hard to know what
the stars mean.
“Amazon has stepped up the effort to provide transparency，”said Louise
Matsakis in Wired.com. Its “Vine voices” program sends free products for testing
to an inviteonly community of“trusted reviewers”．Amazon has also started ranking
its Top 10，000 Contributors on a daily leaderboard not “just by the number of
reviews a person has but also by how many customers find their feedback to be
helpful”．The current No.1 reviewer, a 45yearold man from North Dakota who
has posted nearly 2，500 comments since 2002, has owned a bakery in Oregon，
worked for a small newspaper, and had a 10year stretch in the Navy as a nuclear
welding inspector. Now he spends his time testing everything from fryers to popcorn
makers, though he exceeded its weight limit by 70 pounds.
“But sellers are still finding ways to deceive prospective buyers，” said a
reviewer. He said, “I identified more than 150 private Facebook groups where
sellers openly exchange free products for fivestar reviews. I joined four of them
and was annoyed with a flurry of private messages from sellers. One offered to
pay me $10 for a splendid review of what was already 'one of the highestranked
iPhone chargers', with 3，971 fivestar reviews and a trusted 'Amazon choice'
label.When it arrived, the charger broke within minutes. I reached out to Amazon
and those thousands of fivestar reviews for the charger disappeared.”
The product now has 11 reviews and holds a rating of 2.5 stars. But before
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all those fivestar reviews disappeared, how many shoppers spotted this $13.99
charger pack on Amazon's firstpage results and fell for the trick?
【语篇解读】 本文为说明文，主要说明了亚马逊和 Yelp 等网站上一些卖
家通过购买好评来吸引顾客购买自己的产品，从而使网站的星级等级系统变得毫
无用处。亚马逊对此采取的措施是为消费者提供有效的审核意见来让星级评定量
表变得有用，然而卖家仍在想方设法欺骗潜在买家。
1．What action has Amazon taken to make the starrating scale useful?
A．Provide effectively checked comments for consumers.
B．Give priority to the advantage of customers.
C．Decide on contributors' rank by the quantity of reviews.
D．Get reliable reviewers to test products before their release.
A [细节理解题。根据第二段中“Amazon has also started ranking its Top
10，000 Contributors on a daily leaderboard not 'just by the number of reviews
a person has but also by how many customers find their feedback to be helpful'.”
可知，亚马逊通过为消费者提供有效的审核意见来让星级评定量表变得有用。故
选 A 项。]
2．What does the underlined word “deceive” in the third paragraph most
probably mean?
A．Persuade. B．Instruct.
C．Interest. D．Cheat.
D [词义猜测题。根据后文“I identified more than 150 private Facebook
groups where sellers openly exchange free products for fivestar reviews.”可知，
卖家通过公开交换免费产品换取五星好评的方法来欺骗买家，故推测单词意思为
“欺骗”。故选 D 项。]
3．What do we know about the charger seller in the last two paragraphs?
A．He convinced buyers to obtain free products.
B．He attempted to obtain excellent reviews by purchase.
C．He was in hot water and deleted all untrusted reviews.
D．He tricked buyers and disappeared from Amazon.
B [推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“One offered to pay me $10 for a
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splendid review of what was already 'one of the highestranked iPhone chargers'”
可知，充电器卖家试图通过购买行为获得极好的评价。故选 B 项。]
4．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A．The Efforts of Amazon
B．The Application of Rating System
C．Not Every Star Shines So Brightly
D．Don't Fall for the Trick of Sellers
C [标题归纳题。根据第一段中“But on sites such as Amazon and Yelp，
businesses have learnt to 'make the most of the rating system to the seller's or
the platform's advantage'，eventually 'making the starrating scale useless'.”，
再结合文章主要说明了亚马逊和 Yelp 等网站一些卖家通过购买好评来吸引顾客
购买自己的产品，从而使网站的星级等级系统变得毫无用处，可知 C 项“不是
每颗星星都那么明亮”符合文章标题。]
B
(2020·湖北襄阳四中 3 月检测，C)Does it matter if a language dies out? The
traditional answer is yes, because every language is a repository(智囊) of ideas
and culture and represents a unique way of looking at the world. The planet only
has about 7，000 languages；the extinction of even one decreases the sum total
of human knowledge.
But in some cases, extinction can be seen in a more positive light. Take
AlSayyid Bedouin Sign Language (ABSL) for example, restricted to about 1，
000 users in a small Israeli village with a high level of born deafness, the language
seems to be bound to die by the spread of Israeli Sign Language.
The natural reaction to the loss of ABSL is regret. It is a fascinating language
that has kept linguists busy since it came to their attention around 15 years ago.
But for the deaf villagers，Israeli Sign Language is an upgrade：it allows them
to speak to tens of thousands of people rather than a few hundred, and enables
them to work and marry outside the village. It is hard to see that as anything other
than progress.Similarly，other endangered languages die out because people abandon
them in favor of ones that serve their needs better.
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Technology also softens the blow, as endangered languages can now be captured
in detail－which also means they could eventually be brought back from the dead,
much as the Hebrew language was in the 19th century. It is now the first language
of 9 million people.
Linguists naturally condemn the loss of language much as conservationists (环
保主义者) once mourned the loss of every single species. But they are moving
towards acceptance that not all species can be saved, that invasive species are not
always bad and that humanengineered ecosystems are not necessarily inferior to
natural ones. Perhaps our attitudes to language extinction are due for a similar
change.
【语篇解读】 本文为说明文，主要介绍了在语言濒临灭绝的时候，人们的
本能反应是感到惋惜，毕竟每一门语言都是文化和思想的体现，是观察世界的一
种独特方式，每消失一种语言就会使人类知识的总量减少一点儿。然而，在有些
情况下，我们可以以积极的态度看待语言的消亡。
5．What can we infer about ABSL?
A．Another language replaced it.
B．It is an endangered language.
C．Deaf villagers prefer to use it.
D．It has been studied for over 15 years.
B [推理判断题。根据第二段可知，ABSL 手语大约有 1 000 人使用，并且
由于以色列手语的传播，它似乎注定会灭亡，所以 ABSL 是濒危语言，故选 B
项。]
6．What does the underlined word “upgrade” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Recovery. B．Opportunity.
C．Improvement. D．Update.
C [词义猜测题。根据画线词后的内容可知，以色列手语让耳聋的村民们
可以与更多的人交流，并且能够让他们在村子外面找到工作以及与外面的人联
姻。即以色列手语比 ABSL 手语更能满足人们的需求；再结合后文提到的
“anything other than progress”可推出画线词意为“改善”。故选 C 项。]
7．How does technology affect languages?
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A．Technology can remove people's regret.
B．Languages may be rescued from extinction.
C．Technology increases the number of endangered languages.
D．Endangered languages might be abandoned because of technology.
B [推理判断题。根据第四段可知，技术可以帮助复活濒危语言。故选 B
项。]
8．What's the main idea of the text?
A．More and more languages are dying out.
B．Technology creates some new languages.
C．People feel ashamed of language extinction.
D．Language extinction is not necessarily a bad thing.
D [主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了人们可以从积极的一面去看待濒危语言。
一方面濒危语言被能更好地服务于人们的语言代替，这是一种进步；另一方面科
技也可以让某些濒危语言复活，因此人们对待语言灭绝的态度应当改变，因为它
未必是件坏事。故选 D 项。]
Ⅱ.完形填空
(河北唐山 2020 高三 4 月六校联考)Life is filled with challenges. As we get
older we 1 realize that those challenges are the very things that 2 us and
make us who we are, it is the same with the challenges that come with 3 ．
When we are faced with a challenge, we usually have two 4 . We can
try to beat it off, or we can decide that the thing 5 the challenge isn't worth
the 6 and call it quits.
Although there are certainly 7 when calling it quits is the right thing to
do, in most 8 all that is needed is 9 and communication.
When we are committed to something, it means that no matter how 10 or
how uncomfortable something is, we will always choose to 11 it and work
through instead of running away from it. Communication is making a 12 for
discussion and talking about how you feel instead of just saying what the other
person did wrong. 13 you can say to a friend, “I got my feelings hurt.”
14 “You hurt my feelings，” you are going to be able to solve the problem
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much faster.
In dealing with many challenges that friendship will bring to you, try to see
them for 15 they are: small hurdles you need to jump or 16 on your way
through life. Nothing is so big that it is 17 to get over, and hurt only 18
to make us stronger. It is all part of growing up, and it 19 to everyone, and
some day you will 20 all of this and say, “Hard as it was, it made me who
I am today. And that's a good thing.”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文，告诉我们应该如何面对成长过程中友谊
带来的挑战。
1．A．seem to B．come to
C．hope to D．try to
B [根据空前的“As we get older”可知，随着年龄的增长，我们逐渐意
识到这些挑战对我们的意义，故 B 项正确。]
2．A．design B．promote
C．direct D．shape
D [根据空后的“make us who we are”可知，这些挑战塑造了我们，造
就了我们，故 D 项正确。]
3．A．confidence B．pressure
C．friendship D．difficulty
C [根据下文中的“In dealing with many challenges that friendship will bring
to you”可知此处指“友谊”，故 C 项正确。]
4．A．choices B．expectations
C．opportunities D．aspects
A [根据空后的“We can try to beat it off, or we can decide that the thing
5 the challenge isn't worth the 6 and call it quits.”可知，我们可以努力
战胜它，或者认为提出挑战的事情不值得去麻烦一通而放弃战胜它，这是我们在
面对挑战时会做出的两个选择，故 A 项正确。]
5．A．demanding B．deserving
C．predicting D．presenting
D [根据空后的“the challenge”可知此处指“提出挑战的事情”，故 D 项
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正确。]
6．A．comment B．loss
C．trouble D．expense
C [根据空后的“call it quits”可知，我们放弃战胜挑战，这说明我们认
为提出挑战的事情不值得去麻烦一通，故 C 项正确。]
7．A．means B．times
C．dates D．ages
B [根据空后的“when calling it quits is the right thing to do”可知，有
些时候放弃战胜挑战是正确的做法，故 B 项正确。]
8．A．cases B．fields
C．parts D．occasions
A [空前一句说有些时候放弃战胜挑战是正确的做法，此处与之对比，说
的是大多数情况下的做法－－所需要的只是承担责任和沟通，故 A 项正确。]
9．A．assessment B．commitment
C．encouragement D．adjustment
B [根据空后的“When we are committed to something”可知此处指“承
担责任”，故 B 项正确。]
10．A．doubtful B．shameful
C．harmful D．painful
D [根据空后的“uncomfortable”可知此处指“痛苦的”，故 D 项正确。]
11．A．keep B．control
C．face D．catch
C [根据空后的“work through instead of running away from it”可知，
我们会坚持到底而不是逃避，这说明我们会选择去面对它，故 C 项正确。]
12．A．chance B．plan
C．topic D．space
D [根据空后的“talking about how you feel instead of just saying what the
other person did wrong”可知，沟通能够让你谈论你的感受，而不是仅仅说别人
做错了什么，这说明沟通是为讨论留出空间，故 D 项正确。]
13．A．If B．As
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C．While D．Unless
A [根据空后的“you can say to a friend, 'I got my feelings hurt.' 14
'You hurt my feelings，' you are going to be able to solve the problem much
faster”可知，此处会提到一种条件，表示“如果”，故 A 项正确。]
14．A．other than B．rather than
C．or rather D．or else
B [根据空前的“I got my feelings hurt.”及空后的“You hurt my feelings，”
可知，此处指对朋友说：“我的感情受到了伤害”而不是“你伤害了我的感情”，
故 B 项正确。]
15．A．what B．who
C．where D．which
A [for 后为宾语从句，其中的 are 缺少表语，应该用 what 来引导，故 A
项正确。]
16．A．pass by B．come across
C．get through D．run over
C [根据上文中的“When we are faced with a challenge, we usually have
two 4 . We can try to beat it off, or we can decide that the thing 5 the
challenge isn't worth the 6 and call it quits.”可知，面对友谊带来的挑战
时，我们的两个选择是努力战胜它或者放弃战胜它，空前的“jump”对应“放弃
战胜它”，此处对应“努力战胜它”，表示“熬过”，引申为“克服”，空后的
“get over”也是提示，故 C 项正确。]
17．A．unnecessary B．necessary
C．impossible D．possible
C [根据空后的“get over”可知，没有什么是不可能克服的，故 C 项正确。]
18．A．serves B．means
C．aims D．attempts
A [根据空后的“to make us stronger”可知，伤害只会有助于我们更强大，
serves to do sth.有助于做某事。故 A 项正确。]
19．A．opens B．appeals
C．goes D．happens
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D [根据空前的“It is all part of growing up”可知，挑战是成长过程中
的一部分，因此它会发生在每一个人身上，故 D 项正确。]
20．A．look down on B．look back on
C．look forward to D．look up to
B [根据空后的“it made me who I am today. And that's a good thing.”
可知，这是回顾过去时的感慨，故 B 项正确。]
Ⅲ.语法填空
Pollution takes away all the beauty of the beaches of Hawaii.I hate to go to
the beaches on 1.________(sun)weekends and see rubbish bags lying on the sand，
cigarette butts(烟头) 2.________ (bury)in the sand，and soda cans floating in the
ocean.
One thing that really annoys me is that I see 3.________(tour)who visit Hawaii
leave their rubbish on the beaches.I was always taught after drinking soda to throw
the can into the place 4.________ it should stay－the trash can.Another thing that
annoys me is that some people walk right by rubbish 5.________ pretend that it's
not there.
The dogs or the fish are not blame 6.________ it.It's our fault and we must
blame 7.________ (we)．Everyone has to do his or her part 8.________(solve)this
problem.It can't be difficult to do the job.There are a lot of things that we can
do.First of all，we can help pick up rubbish along the beaches.We could also from
organizations that help clean up our beaches.More 9.________ (important)，we
need to start now before the beaches 10.________(damage) beyond repair.
【语篇解读】 本文主要讨论了海滩污染的问题。
1．sunny [考查词形转换。修饰名词一般用形容词，故用形容词 sunny 修
饰其后的名词 weekends。]
2．buried [考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，bury 和其逻辑主语
cigarette butts 构成动宾关系，故用其过去分词形式作宾语补足语。]
3．tourists [考查词形转换。结合定语从句的关系词 who 可知，此处的先
行词为表示人的名词，且定语从句中的谓语动词为复数，故用名词复数形式。]
4．where [考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，在从
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句中作地点状语，修饰先行词 the place，故填 where。]
5．but [考查连词。根据语境可知，空处前后存在逻辑上的转折关系，故
用连词 but。]
6．for [考查介词。此处考查固定词组 be to blame for sth.“对某事负有
责任”，故用介词 for。]
7．ourselves [考查代词。与句子主语 we 呼应，此处应用反身代词 ourselves
作动词 blame 的宾语。]
8．to solve [考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词不定式，
表目的。]
9．importantly [考查副词。副词一般修饰形容词、副词、动词，甚至整
个句子，在句子中作状语。故用副词 importantly，修饰整个句子。]
10．are damaged [考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知， damage
和主语 the beaches 之间是被动关系，根据该句中的“need”可知，此处叙述一
般的情况，故用一般现在时的被动语态。]
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