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课时提能练(十)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(山东省济宁市 2020 届高三 3 月自我检测)One evening I was sitting in my
sitting room feeling so bored. Instead of feeling sorry for myself, I wanted to meet
people and have new experiences so I decided to start volunteering. I searched on my
laptop and found a website where I could volunteer on a farm in France.
Working on a farm was a new experience for me. It was basically a free holiday
as food and accommodation were provided. However, it was not a typical holiday as I
had to look after fifteen horses and sleep at the top of a tower in a castle! I was an
awful farmer but it did not matter because I made some great friends.
However, you do not need to go abroad to volunteer. I have had plenty of
adventures at home so volunteering can become a hobby. For example, I love singing
so I had a good laugh waving my arms in an attempt to conduct my local choir. I did
slowly improve and it felt great to conduct the choir at a concert. At university，I
organized a concert for charity with my friends. It was really fun finding bands and
raising money for a cause we believe in.
It is true that you feel good when volunteering but there are also other
advantages. I once volunteered as a server at a charity sports event where the
organizers gave me cupcakes to thank me for my services. I also volunteered in a
charity shop so I found loads of nice cheap clothes to update my wardrobe.
While this is all fun, my favorite aspect of volunteering is creating and sharing
stories. My terrible attempts at farming have given me hilarious stories to tell! Talking
to volunteers from different countries and backgrounds has also helped me learn more
about the world. I feel thankful to have had so much fun with many nice people
thanks to volunteering.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者认为做志愿者很有趣，并生动地描
述了他的几次做志愿者的经历，最后指出在做志愿者的同时，自己还收获了很多
其他的东西。
1．Why did the author want to volunteer?
A．He wanted to go abroad.
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B．He wanted to be a farmer.
C．He felt ashamed of himself.
D．He wanted to taste new life and make friends.
D [细节理解题。根据第一段第二句中的“I wanted to meet people and have
new experiences so I decided to start volunteering”可知，作者想要遇见更多的人并
丰富自己的经历，所以想要做志愿者，故选 D 项。]
2．What does the underlined word “hilarious” in the last paragraph probably
mean?
A．Funny. B．Negative.
C．Awful. D．Sad.
A [词义猜测题。画线词所在的最后一段提到，作者对于志愿者活动最喜欢
的部分就是创造和分享故事，他在农场的经历让他有许多有趣的故事可讲，同时
和来自不同国家和背景的志愿者交谈也帮助作者更多地了解世界。由此可推知，
hilarious 应与 funny 意思相近。故选 A 项。]
3．What volunteering work did the author do?
A．Taking care of sheep.
B．Helping in a charity shop.
C．Helping in an Italian farm.
D．Conducting a choir at a sports event.
B [细节理解题。根据第二段第三句可知，作者在农场的工作是照顾马，故
排除 A 项。根据倒数第二段最后一句中的“I also volunteered in a charity shop”可
知，B 项正确。根据第一段最后一句可知，作者是在法国的一个农场做志愿者而
不是在意大利的农场，故 C 项错误。根据第三段第四句中的“conduct the choir at a
concert”和第四段第二句中的“I once volunteered as a server at a charity sports
event”可知，D 项属于典型的“张冠李戴”，将文中出现的两件事混合在一起构成
选项。]
4．How does the author feel according to the last paragraph?
A．Curious. B．Anxious.
C．Grateful. D．Cautious.
C [细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“I feel thankful to have had so much fun
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with many nice people thanks to volunteering.”可知，作者非常欣慰志愿者工作给他
带来的快乐，故作者对志愿者工作的态度应是感激的。故选 C 项。]
B
In her 17 years on this earth, Shreyaa Venkat has done more to help the planet
and the people living on it than many adults.The nonprofit organization she founded,
NEST4US, has helped tens of thousands of people in the United States.Through it，
volunteers have served over 12，000 homeless people in the Washington, D．C.area by
providing food and other supplies.
Venkat's passion for helping others started as soon as she could walk, as her
parents, active volunteers themselves，brought her along on their various projects, like
some creative ways to volunteer. By fifth grade, she'd developed such enthusiasm for
it that she started organizing her own service projects in her community.
NEST4US was born when she realized how much food waste there is, how many
hungry people there are, and how simple it would be to use the former to help the
latter. “There was a homeless man standing on a corner in D．C.and he was holding a
sign that said 'Hungry Need Food'，” she recalls. “So I gave him my lunch and his
whole face just lit up. It was so easy, it only took me 30 seconds, and it really helped
him.”
As NEST4US took off, with hundreds of volunteers helping to feed thousands of
hungry people, Venkat decided to branch out with her volunteers' efforts, starting
three other branches of NEST4US. Serving others had become such a way of life for
her that she even celebrated her 13th birthday at a homeless shelter, bringing the party
to them instead of expecting gifts for herself.
As much as she has helped others, they've helped her too. Not only does she get
a lot of joy and personal satisfaction from her volunteer work but running NEST4US
has taught her important life skills like time management, public speaking, writing，
and leadership.“What it really gave me is this opinion of putting other people first，”
she says.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述的是由于受到父母的影响，文
卡特从小就乐于助人，并在后来创立了名为 NEST4US 的非营利慈善组织，为华
盛顿特区的流浪人士提供食物和生活用品。
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5．What can we learn about NEST4US from the first paragraph?
A．Its main aim is to make money.
B．It offers people cheap supplies.
C．It takes in all homeless people.
D．It is a charity organization.
D [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The nonprofit organization she founded，
NEST4US，has helped...volunteers have served over 12，000 homeless people in the
Washington，D.C.area by providing food and other supplies.”可知，NEST4US 这个
组织是非营利性的，主要为华盛顿的流浪人士提供食物和必需品，由此可知，它
是一个慈善组织。故选 D 项。]
6．What caused Venkat to set up NEST4US?
A．Her parents' constant suggestions.
B．The memory of her hard childhood.
C．Her experience of helping a hungry man.
D．Volunteers' great influence on her.
C [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“NEST4US was born when she realized how
much food waste there is，how many hungry people there are，and how simple it
would be to use the former to help the latter.”和文卡特自述的内容可知，帮助一个
流浪者吃到饭的经历，让她意识到有很多饥饿的人需要接济，从而产生了创立
NEST4US 的想法。故选 C 项。]
7．Why did Venkat spend her 13th birthday at a homeless shelter?
A．She held a grand party for many people.
B．She could receive many nice gifts there.
C．She got much personal satisfaction from it.
D．She saw helping others as part of her life.
D [细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Serving others had become such a way
of life for her that she even celebrated her 13th birthday at a homeless shelter ，
bringing the party to them instead of expecting gifts for herself.”可知，为他人服务已
经成了文卡特的生活方式，因此她才会在流浪者收容所庆祝自己的生日，将快乐
的聚会带给他们。故选 D 项。]
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8．Which of the following can best describe Shreyaa Venkat?
A．Caring. B．Ambitious.
C．Humorous. D．Demanding.
A [推理判断题。根据全文内容，尤其是第四段最后一句中的“Serving others
had become such a way of life for her”可知，文卡特专注于慈善事业，热衷于帮助
他人。由此可推知，她是一个善良、富有同情心的人，故选 A 项，caring 意为“乐
于助人的”。]
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2020·安徽省皖南八校高三第三次联考)
Sensing sepsis(败血症)
Sepsis is a toxic(中毒的) condition resulting from the spread of infection, which
causes 270，000 deaths a year in the US. While scientists and doctors have been trying
to 1 the situation，a group of students at Spanish River High in Florida, US,
have invented a piece of wearable technology to monitor sepsis in hospital 2 ．
The idea for the project came from their biotechnology teacher, Mary Fish,
whose father 3 sepsis while in the hospital. “This got me 4 . I want to help
the patients with sepsis with a tunic(短上衣)－something the patient could wear that
would monitor the symptoms of sepsis，” Fish said.
5 their teacher，the students are 6 developing “the sensors for the
detection of sepsis for the 7 monitoring of a patient，” explained Eesha Shah，a
team member.
Their challenges also 8 finding a fabric(衣料) that is both comfortable and
conductive, and figuring out how to 9 sepsis symptoms in a(n) 10 way.
However, the biggest challenge is that the students cannot test it on 11 ．“We
are not labcertified(授予实验许可的)，” said Brayant Polanco, 16, another team
member.So the group is 12 with inventing an artificial system on which to test
it.
All of the 22 students have a deep passion for 13 ．Lauren Bishop, 17, hopes
to study biomedical engineering in college. “This 14 will greatly help since it's
truly what biomedical engineering is，an 15 of the problemsolving technique of
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engineering to medicine，” she said.
Senior Daniella Bard, 18，thinks highly of her team's effort.“If everyone on the
team weren't so 16 ， this would be near impossible to come true.”
Like the rest of the team members, she 17 the leadership of the teacher
who worked 18 and brought them all together. “Ms. Fish is always looking to
help us， 19 we really appreciate that. I am proud of my team and excited to see
the result 20 next June，” Bard said.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了一群学生发明了一种可穿
戴技术，可以监测医院病人的败血症。这个项目的想法来自他们的生物技术老师
Mary Fish，文章说明了他们面临的挑战以及团队中一些学生对此项目的看法。
1．A.predict B．sense
C．improve D．evaluate
C [句意：当科学家和医生们试图改善这种情况时，美国佛罗里达州西班牙
河高中的一群学生发明了一种可穿戴技术，可以监测住院病人的败血症。结合上
文“Sepsis is a toxic(中毒的) condition resulting from the spread of infection，which
causes 270，000 deaths a year in the US.”可知，科学家和医生们试图改善败血症导
致许多人死亡的这一情况。故选 C。]
2．A.doctors B．nurses
C．directors D．patients
D [句意见上。根据上文“to monitor sepsis in hospital”可知是监测住院病人
的败血症。故选 D。]
3．A.died of B．took over
C．turned down D．held up
A [句意：这个项目的想法来自他们的生物技术老师 Mary Fish，她的父亲
在医院的时候死于败血症。选项中只有 A 项与 sepsis 搭配，故选 A。]
4．A.hesitating B．whispering
C．moving D．thinking
D [结合上文可知 Mary Fish 的父亲死于败血症，所以这让 Mary Fish 开始
思考如何能帮助这些得了败血症的病人。故选 D。]
5．A.But for B．Free from
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C．Along with D．Regardless of
C [句意：这些学生和他们的老师一起，目前正在开发“用于检测败血症的
传感器，以便对病人进行持续监测。”结合下文“their teacher，the students”可知，
学生是和老师一起开发这种传感器的。故选 C。]
6．A.currently B．doubtfully
C．honestly D．generally
A [句意见上。结合下文 developing 可知，是指目前正在开发用于检测败血
症的传感器。故选 A。]
7．A.occasional B．sudden
C．passive D．continuous
D [句意见上。结合上文这种传感器是可穿戴的，可知对病人进行持续监测。
故选 D。]
8．A.miss B．include
C．delay D．allow
B [句意：他们的挑战还包括找到一种既舒适又导电的衣料，以及如何以一
种更安全的方式检测败血症的症状。故选 B。]
9．A.instruct B．detect
C．follow D．explain
B [句意见上。结合下文“sepsis symptoms”可知是检测败血症的症状。故选
B。]
10．A.safer B．bigger
C．older D．slower
A [句意见上。根据常识可以判断出，这种技术要应用于医疗，肯定是要安
全。故选 A。]
11．A.medicines B．chemicals
C．plants D．humans
D [结合下文“We are not labcertified(授予实验许可的)”可知他们没有实验
室认证，因此不能在人体上进行测试。故选 D。]
12．A.accompanied B．tasked
C．satisfied D．provided
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B [句意：所以这个小组的任务是发明一个人工系统来测试它。be tasked
with“被指派去做”。故选 B。]
13．A.art B．education
C．culture D．science
D [开发这种检测败血症的传感器属于科学技术领域，可知这 22 名学生都
对科学有着浓厚的热情。故选 D。]
14．A.treatment B．power
C．experience D．incident
C [句意：她说：“这一经历将大有帮助，因为它确实是生物医学工程技术
在医学方面的应用。”和同学、老师一起开发传感器对参与者来说这是一种经历。
故选 C。]
15．A.application B．appointment
C．assumption D．analysis
A [句意见上。结合下文“of the problemsolving technique of engineering to
medicine”可知此处想表达是开发传感器是生物医学工程技术在医学方面的应
用。故选 A。]
16．A.independent B．stubborn
C．curious D．committed
D [句意：“如果团队里的每个人不那么投入，这几乎是不可能实现的。”
根据上文“thinks highly of her team's effort.”可知，因为团队里每个人在这个项目
中都很投入，所以才能开发成功。故选 D。]
17．A.explores B．grasps
C．values D．reminds
C [句意：和团队的其他成员一样，她很尊重老师的领导，她不知疲倦地工
作，把他们团结在一起。根据下文“the leadership of the teacher”可知是指尊重老
师的领导。故选 C。]
18．A.freely B．proudly
C．tirelessly D．slowly
C [句意见上。根据语境选 C。]
19．A.if B．and
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C．or D．but
B [句意：Fish 女士一直在帮助我们，我们非常感激她。结合句意，上下文
为承接关系，故用连词 and。故选 B。]
20．A.presented B．reserved
C．corrected D．ignored
A [此处修饰 result，且时间是明年六月，可知此处指的是明年六月颁布的
结果。故选 A。]
Ⅲ.语法填空
(山东省威海市 2020 届高考模拟考试)Leather is a hugely popular material for a
range of products, but this 1.________(popular) comes at a price.The global leather
industry kills over a billion animals every year.This 2.________(cause) many to ask
the question ： Is it possible to meet the global demand for leather without
3.________(do) any harm to animals? A process called biofabrication (生物制造)
may be the answer.
Biofabrication is not new. It is already commonly used in medicine.Scientists
have applied the technique to grow body parts like ears, skin, and bones for
transplants (移植). But it can also 4.________(use) to make other products, such as
leather. Scientists will be able to make biofabricated leather with whatever qualities
they want, such as extra softness, greater strength, or even different colors and
patterns.
But how 5.________(exact) does biofabrication work ？ 6.________(grow)
leather, scientists begin by taking some cells from an animal, not hurting
7.________animal in any way. They then set the cells apart and grow them in a lab.
This process takes millions of cells and expands them into billions.Next, the scientists
take the cells and spread them out to form thin sheets ， 8.________are then put
together to combine into a little 9.________(thick) sheets.Anyone can then dye and
finish the leather and design it in any way they like.
Andras Forgacs supports biofabrication. He says it may even be a “natural
evolution of manufacturing for mankind”. We will be able to make the products we
need in an efficient, responsible，10.________creative way.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。皮革是一种非常受欢迎的材料，可以用
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来制作一系列产品。但这种受欢迎是有代价的，会伤害到大量的动物。于是科学
家发明了生物制造法，在不伤害动物的情况下满足全世界对皮革制品的需求。本
文详细介绍了这一方法的制作原理及过程。
1．popularity [考查词性转换。句意：皮革是一种非常受欢迎的材料，可
以用来制作一系列产品，但这种受欢迎是有代价的。分析句子结构可知，设空处
在句中作主语，应用名词形式，故填 popularity。]
2．has caused/causes [考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：这使得许多人
会问这样一个问题：有没有可能在对动物不造成任何伤害的情况下满足全世界对
皮革的需求呢？分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作谓语；根据语境可知，此处
既可理解为 cause 这一动作已经产生并对现在有影响，也可理解为描述客观情况，
故用现在完成时或一般现在时；主语 this 为单数概念，谓语动词也应用单数形式，
故填 has caused/causes。]
3．doing [考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构可知，设
空处作介词 without 的宾语，应用动名词形式，故填 doing。]
4．be used [考查动词的语态。句意：但它也可以被用来制造其他产品，比
如皮革。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作谓语；句子的主语 it 指的是前文中
的 the technique，与 use 之间为动宾关系，应用被动语态；且前有情态动词 can，
其后 be 动词应用原形。故填 be used。]
5．exactly [考查词性转换。句意：但是生物制造究竟是如何运作的呢？设
空处修饰谓语动词 work，应用副词，故填 exactly。]
6．To grow [考查非谓语动词。句意：为了生产皮革，科学家们首先在不
以任何方式伤害动物的前提下，从一只动物身上提取一些细胞。分析句子结构可
知，句中已有谓语动词 begin，故设空处应用非谓语形式；根据句意可知，此处
应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填 To grow。]
7．the [考查冠词。句意见上一题解析。设空处后的 animal 意为“动物”，
为可数名词；且空前已经提到这只动物，此处表示特指，应用定冠词修饰，故填
the。]
8．which [考查定语从句。句意：接下来，科学家们将细胞收集起来，并
将细胞展开摊成薄的细胞层，然后再将它们叠放在一起，形成更厚一点儿的细胞
层。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为 thin sheets，
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且从句中缺少主语，故填关系代词 which。]
9．thicker [考查形容词的比较等级。句意见上一题解析。分析句子成分可
知，设空处修饰后面的名词 sheets，作定语，应用形容词；且根据句意可知，此
处表示比较含义，故填 thicker。]
10．and [考查连词。句意：我们将能够以一种高效、负责和创造性的方式
生产我们需要的产品。分析句子结构可知，efficient，responsible 和 creative 为并
列的三个形容词，作定语修饰名词 way，故填 and。]
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