老高考创新英语一轮复习课时提能练5认识自我，丰富自我，完善自我(2)

1/9 课时提能练(五) Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (山东省胶东示范校 2020 届高三下学期联考)At a comedy night at Johns Hopkins University in Maryland，members of the school's comedy club bring lots of laughter to their classmates with funny speeches and humorous body movements. These college student comedians' humor entertains busy, young people and eases their stress. Yet the club member Ariella Shua says comedy is serious work.Every comedy starts as an individual project－each member writes their own material. Then they try it out in weekly club meetings where all club members read the material, going joke by joke and seeing what works and what doesn't. Nothing unsatisfactory will be compromised.In this way comes a satisfying comedy. Ariella joined the club last year. Now she does not go anywhere without bringing something on which she can take notes. “Whenever I just have a thought in my head or when I see something or overhear someone saying something in the library, I just put it down，” Ariella explained. “When I'm trying to write my own set, I go walk through that... to see if there is anything in there that I can use.” Club president Nicholas Scandura finds writing one of the many skills he has developed since joining the club. “Writing jokes takes a lot of critical thinking，” he said. The club gives its members a sense of community. When they meet, they share funny experiences, tell jokes and laugh. Harry Kuperstein discovered the club was a natural fit. Noticing the funny qualities of different situations improved his way of looking at the world. Becoming an active member also helped him work on the future skills he'll need as a medical doctor. “Having jokes ready to go might help smooth these interactions and make you a better public speaker，” he said. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了美国一所大学的喜剧社团及其成 2/9 员。社团成员自己创作，集体研讨，然后进行演出，并在这一过程中收获颇多。 1．What can a successful comedy be described as? A．A group effort. B．A personal project. C．A satisfying task. D．A compromised outcome. A [推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Every comedy starts as an individual project...In this way comes a satisfying comedy.”可知，喜剧尽管都是以个人创 作开始的，但是要经过所有俱乐部成员的共同打磨才会令人满意。由此可推知， 一个成功的喜剧是团队努力的成果，故选 A。] 2．What habit has Ariella formed since joining the club? A．Creating her own style. B．Going to the library regularly. C．Taking notes in class. D．Becoming a good observer. D [推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Now she does not go anywhere without bringing something on which she can take notes...that I can use.”可知，Ariella 现在不管到哪里都会带着可以做笔记的东西，每当她脑中有一个想法，或者在图 书馆中看到或听到什么事时，她都会记下来，她在创作时也会去图书馆寻找灵感。 故可推知，她养成了观察周围的人和事的习惯，即她习惯做一名观察者。] 3．How can the club help Harry in his opinion? A．By easing his stress of being a doctor. B．By preparing the ground for his career. C．By changing his way of communication. D．By developing his interest in public speaking. B [细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Becoming an active member also helped him work on the future skills he'll need as a medical doctor” “Having jokes...smooth these interactions”可知，Harry 认为参加该社团帮助他提高未来作 为一名医生所需要的技能，即为他未来的医生事业铺路，故选 B。prepare the ground for sth.“为某事准备条件，铺路”。] 3/9 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Laughter Is Serious Work B．Humor Is an Edge in Jobs C．Comedy Comes with Learning D．Clubs Influence One's World View C [标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了在美国一所大学的喜剧社团里，社团成 员自己创作喜剧作品，并通过集体智慧打磨喜剧作品，从而给观众带去欢笑的事 情；第二段至最后一段举例说明了三名参加该社团的学生从社团活动中所收获、 学习的内容。综合上述可知，本文着重说明的是社团成员们通过参加社团的喜剧 创作和演出，不仅给观众带来了欢乐，而且提高了很多其他方面的能力。故 C 项作本文标题最佳。] B (北京市 2020 高考适应性测试)Growing up, Deka Ismail said she let labels define what she could be.“I was a black girl, from a refugee(难民) family，” Deka said. “It was as if I was only allowed to explore in this predetermined box.” After a high school chemistry class inspired her to think about a career in science and gave her confidence in the field, Deka learned to live outside labels and began making big plans for her future. Now she is about to begin her freshman year at the University of California, planning to become a professor. Born and raised in City Heights neighborhood in San Diego, Deka is the daughter of a Somali refugee couple.While some might say Deka's success happened in spite of her background, she would say differently, that her experiences shaped her and inspired her to be the driven, young scientist that she is today. When Deka was eight years old, her mother got a job by studying hard back in school in order to support the whole family. That made Deka realize that education could make a difference to one's life. She spent a lot of time in the library reading books, and didn't do many of the things her peers did，like partying or having romantic relationships. “I always felt like I had to be the perfect girl for my family，” Deka said. “You have to not even do your best but two times better than everyone else. I 4/9 felt like the whole world was waiting for me to challenge.” Deka's efforts paid off.The summer before her senior year of high school, she was accepted into the SEED project of the American Chemical Society. “She brought both enthusiasm and focus，” Botham, a researcher at this research institute, recalled.“She arrived every day ready to work，ready to learn and ready to tackle new challenges regardless of whether or not she had done anything similar.” When asked what advice she would give to others like her, Deka warned them not to underestimate themselves.“Don't tell yourself that scholarship is too big or this program is too competitive or I'll never get into this school，” she said. “I was not sure whether I could make it until I started seeing the acceptance letters rolling in.” 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一位黑人女孩德卡的故事。 她出身于难民家庭，起初她接受命运带给她的标签，但她在受到鼓舞，想要追求 科学事业之后，她勇往直前，最终通过不懈努力，实现了梦想。 5．From the passage, we can learn that________ ． A．Deka was adopted by a refugee family B．Deka spent a lot of time going to parties C．Deka became a professor after graduation D．Deka's experiences drove her to work hard D [细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句中的“her experiences shaped her and inspired her to be the driven，young scientist that she is today”可知，德卡以 往的经历塑造了她，激励她成为现在这样奋发努力的年轻科学家，故选 D 项。] 6．Deka realized the importance of education________ ． A．after her chemistry class B．from her mother's experience C．by reading books in the library D．through working at the institute B [细节理解题。根据第四段中的“her mother got a job by studying hard back in school in order to support the whole family.That made Deka realize that education could make a difference to one's life”可知，德卡从她母亲的经历意 5/9 识到教育的重要性，故选 B 项。] 7．According to the last paragraph, Deka advised that students be________ ． A．patient B．confident C．ambitious D．generous B [ 推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 最 后 一 段 中 的 “Deka warned them not to underestimate themselves”可知，德卡告诫大家不要低估自己，也就是要对自己 有信心，故选 B 项。] 8．What does the story intend to tell us? A．Life is not all roses. B．Practice makes perfect. C．Well begun is half done. D．Hard work leads to success. D [主旨大意题。本文讲述了黑人女孩德卡通过不懈努力实现梦想的故事， 故 D 项(勤奋使人通往成功)适合作本文的标题。文章倒数第二段第一句“Deka's efforts paid off.”意为“德卡的努力得到了回报”，也对该题起到了很好的提示 作用。] C (山东省枣庄市 2020 届高三模拟考试(二调))“The moment before they called my name, I was really nervous because the other finalists' presentations were really good and I thought they would win，” Kara Fan, who has won America's Top Young Scientist, told Yahoo Finance. “When they announced my name, I was really surprised actually.” To win that claim, Fan's nano particle liquid bandage had to surpass the experiments of hundreds of fifth to eighth graders as well as nine other finalists. Fan started developing her liquid bandage in April 2019 to fight the overuse of antibiotics (抗生素)． According to the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention ( CDC)，roughly 2 million people every year suffer a bacterial infection in the U．S. and about 23，000 passed away as a result. If left alone, a U．N. study reported, drug resistant diseases or the “superbug” could lead to 10 million deaths across the 6/9 globe by 2050. When Fan's sprayable bandage dries on a person's skin, it creates a thin layer that protects the wounded area while breaking the cell wall and killing the bacteria on the skin.After experimenting with copper nitrate (硝酸铜) to fight bacteria, switching to the silver nitrate ended up being the major catalyst(促进 因素) for seeing results of her awardwinning project. “Thousands of years ago, ancient people would use copper and silver to eat and they would drink water from something like copper bowls to kill bacteria.” Fan explained，“I found out that it didn't work. So I used nano silver.” Sir Alexander Fleming's discovery of penicillin (青霉素)－a type of antibiotic －is Fan's favorite scientific discovery. Having said that，she doesn't think humans should rely too heavily on penicillin. Following her years at Westview High School, Fan hopes to continue her biology track at Stanford University. Along with the $25，000 cash prize she won on October 29, becoming America's Top Young Scientist may help get the private university's attention. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍卡拉·范获得了全美青少年科 学家竞赛奖。她发明了纳米液体绷带，以解决抗生素过度使用的问题。 9．How did Kara Fan feel about her winning the prize? A．Confident. B．Regretful. C．Proud. D．Unexpected. D [推理判断题。根据第一段中的“When they announced my name，I was really surprised actually.”可知，当宣布获奖者名字时，卡拉·范很吃惊，故选 D 项。unexpected 意为“意外的”。] 10．For what purpose did Fan develop her liquid bandage? A．To fight overuse of antibiotics. B．To enter a national contest. C．To reduce deaths from injuries. D．To get into a good university. A [细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句中的 to fight the overuse of antibiotics 可知，范研究液体绷带是为了应对抗生素的过度使用问题。故选 A 项。] 7/9 11．Which of the following does Fan use to kill bacteria? A．Copper nitrate. B．Copper. C．Silver. D．Nano silver. D [细节理解题。根据题干中的 kill bacteria 可将答案定位到文章第四段。 根据该段中的“I found out that it didn't work.So I used nano silver.”可知， 范使用纳米银来杀死病菌，故选 D 项。] 12．What might be Fan's opinion about penicillin? A．Addictive. B．Valuable. C．Useless. D．Irreplaceable. B [推理判断题。根据题干中的 penicillin 可将答案定位到倒数第二段。根 据该段中的“Sir Alexander Fleming's discovery of penicillin－a type of antibiotic －is Fan's favorite scientific discovery.”可推知，范认为青霉素是有价值的， 故选 B 项。] Ⅱ.阅读七选五 (重庆市 2020 届第一次诊断性考试)People refuse to change the things they hate because they're afraid. Once you let go of your fears, you'll realize that whatever happens, you'll be OK and be able to create a better, happier life for yourself. 1 Make a list of the things you hate in your life. Be specific. Don't say “I hate my job”， but instead list the details you hate about it, such as your schedules, the pay or your coworkers. Do the same for other areas of your life. 2 If you hate your body, your lack of selfrespect or the way you interact with others, include those in your list as well. 3 For example, you can ask for a raise, start looking for a new job or work on a better relationship with your coworkers. If you feel overwhelmed, start with smaller steps, such as listing the positive aspects of the things you hate. You might hate your job, but you also have a firm monthly salary and medical benefits. Let go of the past. You might not be able to forgive your parents or the friend that hurt you, but you don't need to let the pain rule your life. Katie Byron, author of Loving What Is: Four Questions That Can Change Your Life, emphasizes 8/9 the importance of accepting that certain things cannot be changed. 4 Keep a“Thank You”journal. 5 Every day, try to find some things you're grateful for. It can be something as simple as somebody giving you his/her seat on the bus or opening the door for you. Or it can be a compliment or an email from a friend. Focusing on the positive things will make it easier to see that good things are also part of your life. A．Don't look only outside your life. B．A good change is as good as a rest. C．But how can you stop hating your life? D．List positive things you can do to change. E．Never trouble trouble until trouble troubles you. F．This will help you focus on the positive things in your life. G．Instead, focus on the present and what you can do to make your life better. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述人们通常不愿改变自己对于厌 恶的事物的固有印象，往往是因为人们害怕做出这种改变。如果你试着放下自己 的恐惧，就会发现你能够通过这种改变为自己创造更幸福的人生。文章就此给出 了几点建议。 1．C [逻辑推断。上文讲到，一旦你放下了恐惧，你就会意识到，无论发 生什么，你都会没事的，并且能够为自己创造更好、更幸福的人生。下文给出了 一些建议。结合选项可知，C 项(但是你如何才能不再厌恶生活呢？)符合此处语 境，起到承上启下的过渡作用。] 2．A [语境推断。上文讲到，具体罗列出在生活中不喜欢的东西，而不是 笼统的一大类事物，结合上文的“your schedules，the pay or your coworkers” 以及“Do the same for other areas of your life.”和下文的 your lack of selfrespect or the way you interact with others 可知，A 项(不要只看你生活之外的东西)符 合语境。] 3．D [语境推断。根据设空处所在位置和其他段落的结构可知，设空处应 为本段主旨句。根据下文的举例可知，本段谈论的是积极主动地做一些自己能做 的改变，例如要求上调工资、找一份新工作或者和你的同事更好地相处。故 D 项(列出你可以做的积极的事情以改变现状)符合语境。] 9/9 4．G [语境推断。根据本段第一句和上文内容可知，本段建议放下过去。 上文讲到，凯蒂·拜伦强调了接受某些事实不可改变这一观念的重要性。结合选 项可知，G 项(相反，把注意力集中在现在，专注于你能做的事，使你的生活更 美好)符合语境。G 项中用 Instead 与上文构成转折关系。] 5．F [语境推断。本段的主旨句是“Keep a'Thank You' journal.(写感恩 日记)”。结合常识和选项可知，F 项(这能够帮助你将注意力集中在你生活中积 极的事情上)符合语境。F 项中的 This 指的就是“写感恩日记”这件事。]