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课时提能练(十八)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·合肥市教学质量检测)The following four famous paintings－from Jan
van Eyck's portrait to Pablo Picasso's masterpiece－have stood the test of time.
The Arnolfini Portrait
Jan van Eyck's Arnolfini Portrait, an oil painting on wood produced in 1434，
in which a man and a woman hold hands with a window behind him and a bed
behind her，is undoubtedly one of the masterpieces in the National Gallery，
London.This painting is not only visually interesting but also famed.It is also an
informative document on fifteenthcentury society，through Jan van Eyck's heavy
use of symbolism－while husbands went out to engage in business，wives concerned
themselves with domestic duties.
The Starry Night
Vincent van Gogh painted The Starry Night，an oil on canvas(油画布)，a
moderately abstract landscape painting of a night sky over a small hillside village，
during his 12month stay at the mental hospital in SaintRémydeProvence，
France between 1889 and 1890.When the Museum of Modern Art in New York
City purchased the painting from a private collector in 1941, it was not well known，
but it has since become one of Vincent van Gogh's most famous works.
The Harvesters
The Harvesters is an oil painting on wood completed by Pieter Bruegel the
Elder in 1565.It depicts(描绘)the harvest time which most commonly occurred
within the months of July and August. Nicolaes Jonghelinck，a merchant banker
and art collector from Antwerp, once held this painting.The painting has been at
the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City since 1919.
Guernica
Guernica，a large oil painting，was painted by the Cubist (立体派的)Spanish
painter, Pablo Picasso in 1937.The title Guernica refers to the city that was bombed
during the war.The painting depicts the horrors of war and as a result，has come
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to be an antiwar symbol and a reminder of the tragedies of war.Today，the painting
is housed at the Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofía in Madrid.
【语篇解读】 本文介绍了四幅世界绘画名作的相关情况，包括其创作时间、
画作内容等。
1．Which of the following paintings was produced earliest?
A．Guernica. B．The Harvesters.
C．The Starry Night. D．The Arnolfini Portrait.
D [细节理解题。根据文章对四幅画的介绍可知，The Arnolfini Portrait
的创作时间是 1434 年，The Starry Night 创作于 1889 至 1890 年间，The Harvesters
创作于 1565 年，Guernica 创作于 1937 年。对上述四幅画的创作时间进行对比
可知，D 项正确。]
2．Who created the painting describing the harvest seasons?
A．Pieter Bruegel the Elder.
B．Vincent van Gogh.
C．Jan van Eyck.
D．Pablo Picasso.
A [细节理解题。根据 The Harvesters 部分第二句“It depicts(描绘)the
harvest time which most commonly occurred within the months of July and August”
可知，Pieter Bruegel the Elder 的画作描述了丰收季节的情况。故选 A。 ]
3．What do we know about the painting The Starry Night?
A．It was painted on wood in oils.
B．It described the painter's life in hospital.
C．It wasn't widely recognized before 1941.
D．It was given away to the museum by a collector.
C [细节理解题。根据 The Starry Night 部分最后一句可知，1941 年，当
纽约现代艺术博物馆从一位私人收藏家手中买下这幅画时，它并不太有名，但后
来却成为梵高最著名的作品之一。故选 C。]
B
I．M.Pei，the ChineseAmerican，who was regarded as one of the last great
modernist architects，has died at the age of 102.
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Although he worked mostly in the United States，Pei will always be remembered
for a European project：His redevelopment of the Louvre Museum in Paris in the
1980s.He gave us the glass and metal pyramid in the main courtyard，along with
three smaller pyramids and a vast subterranean(地下的)addition to the museum
entrance.
Pei was the first foreign architect to work on the Louvre in its long history，
and initially his designs were fiercely opposed.But in the end，the French－and
everyone else－were won over.Winning the fifth Pritzker Architecture Prize in 1983，
he was thought of as giving the 20th century“some of its most beautiful interior
spaces and exterior forms...His versatility and skill in the use of materials approach
the level of poetry”．
After studying architecture at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and
Harvard，Pei set up his own architectural practice in New York in 1955.
Designing the John F．Kennedy Presidential Library & Museum in 1964
established him as a name. His East Building of the National Gallery of Art in
Washington in 1978 changed people's ideas of a museum.The site was an odd
trapezoid(梯形)shape.Pei's solution was to cut it in two.The resulting building
was dramatic，light and elegant－one of the first crowdpleasing museums of modern
art.
Though known as a modernist，and notable for his forms based on arrangements
of simple geometric(几何的)shapes，he once urged Chinese architects to look more
to their architectural tradition rather than designing in a western style.
In person，I.M.Pei was goodhumored，charming and unusually modest.His
working process was evolutionary，but innovation(创新)was never an intended goal.
“Stylistic originality is not my purpose，”he said.“I want to find the originality
in the time，the place and the problem.”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇人物传记。主要介绍了贝聿铭在建筑艺术方面所
取得的成就。
4．What can we learn about the result of redevelopment of the Louvre Museum?
A．It was criticized by the French.
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B．It was a success.
C．It made the Louvre Museum look strange.
D．It changed the function of the Louvre Museum.
B [细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“But in the end，the French－and
everyone else－were won over.”可知，最终，法国人以及全世界都被(他的精
妙设计)折服，所以贝聿铭对巴黎卢浮宫进行的改建是成功的。故选 B。]
5．What can we learn from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3?
A．He is a master in applying materials.
B．He is skilled in writing poems.
C．He often combines poetry and construction.
D．He gets inspiration from poetry in designing.
A [句意理解题。画线部分意为“他在使用(建筑)材料方面的才华和技艺
达到了诗一般的境界”。A 项意为“他在应用材料方面是一个大师”，与画线部
分意思相吻合，故选 A。]
6．What's the correct order of the following events?
a．Design the John F．Kennedy Presidential Library & Museum.
b．Study architecture at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard.
c．Design the National Gallery of Art.
d．Win the fifth Pritzker Architecture Prize.
A．abcd B．bacd C．bcad D．dacb
B [细节理解题。根据文章的第三至五段可知，在麻省理工学院和哈佛学
习建筑发生在 1955 年之前，为 John F．Kennedy Presidential Library & Museum
做设计发生在 1964 年，设计华盛顿国家美术馆东馆是在 1978 年，赢得第五届普
利兹克建筑奖在 1983 年。故选 B。]
7．What can we learn about I．M.Pei?
A．Innovation was his first goal in design.
B．He was talented and serious.
C．He preferred western style to the east.
D．He liked simple geometric shapes.
D [考查推理判断。根据文章倒数第三段内容可知，贝聿铭设计的建筑外
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形都以简单的几何图形为基础，故他喜欢用简单的几何图形。故选 D。]
Ⅱ.完形填空
In my 40s，as a new solo(独自的)traveller，I spent endless time looking around
souvenir shops in tourist areas.It never 1 me that in shops where merchants
weren't 2 big rents，I could save more money.Besides，I didn't give much
3 for the size of what I was buying, nor did I care that I would have to take
the 4 to carry it around for the duration of my holidays.
I learned and 5 ．But I also found that over time，the objects that were
6 to me changed too. As my tastes matured，my bags got 7 ，and so did
the time I spent buying cheap goods.
In my 50s I 8 boxes from around the world. Not ordinary boxes but ones
9 made by artists. These were small so they 10 easily into every place of
my backpack.The 11 was delightful－the silver from South Korea，the painted
camel bone from Egypt and dozens more took up their 12 in my house.
Then a 13 thing happened.My interest in the collection 14 while my
grandchildren's interest in it grew，so a wonderful and new 15 began. Each
time a child came to visit，he or she was 16 to pick a box.My popularity
17 increased among the children，and pretty soon my collection had been 18
among the little people in our family.Each gift was 19 by a mini travel story
explaining where the 20 was found，who had made it and what that country
was like.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己对旅游纪念品的兴趣变
化，间接地描述着自己生活的变化。
1．A.counted on B．dawned on
C．called on D．concentrated on
B [根据第一句话中的“我在旅游地花大量时间逛纪念品店”以及下文中
的“for the size of what I was buying”可知，此处表示“我从没有想过在商家
不用一直付大笔租金的店买东西(纪念品)，那样会省下更多的钱”。故答案为 B。
dawn on “使开始明白，使渐渐领悟，使开始理解”， 符合语境。]
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2．A.lending B．investing C．purchasing D．paying
D [参见上题解析。rent 表示“租金”，故此处应用 paying。]
3．A.advice B．anxiety
C．concern D．support
C [承接上文中的“It never...money”以及“Besides，I didn't”可判断此
处表示“而且我没有怎么关注所买东西的大小，我也不在乎要在整个旅游期间费
力带着所买的东西周游”，故选 concern“关切，担心”。]
4．A.trouble B．way
C．chance D．lead
A [参见上题解析。take the trouble to do sth.“费力做某事”。]
5．A.applied B．adjusted
C．judged D．checked
B [ 根 据 learned 和 后 一 句 “But I also found that over time ， the
objects...changed too”可知，作者不断学习和适应(adjusted)。]
6．A.accessible B．appealing
C．shiny D．disappointing
B [根据语境和下文中的“As my tastes matured”可知，此处表示“随着
时间的推移，吸引我的东西也变了”。所以答案为 appealing“吸引人的，令人感
兴趣的”。]
7．A.smaller B．bigger C．heavier D．smarter
A [根据上文中的“As my tastes matured”可知，随着作者兴趣逐渐成熟，
作者对纪念品自然就有所选择，所以“我的背包越来越小了，我花在买便宜物品
上的时间也越来越少了”。]
8．A.designed B．discovered
C．collected D．received
C [表示收集盒子应用 collect。]
9．A.lovingly B．intentionally
C．carelessly D．ambitiously
A [本空与 ordinary 呼应，既然不是普通的，那就应是艺术家精心制作的。
lovingly“精心地”符合语境。]
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10．A.cut B．got
C．set D．fitted
D [这些盒子小巧玲珑，因此很容易装进背包的任意一个地方。表示大小
合适，应用 fit。]
11．A.value B．pattern
C．fashion D．variety
D [根据破折号后面所列举的例子可知，此处应是说明这些盒子丰富多样、
令人高兴。]
12．A.role B．position
C．duty D．time
B [此处表示“还有很多在我的房子里，它们都有各自的一席之地”，故用
position。]
13．A.strange B．vital
C．terrible D．funny
D [本段描述作者对收藏品的兴趣逐渐消失，而作者的孙辈们对收藏品的
兴趣却越来越浓，所以这算是一件有趣的(funny)事。]
14．A.grew B．changed
C．faded D．rose
C [根据本段内容以及连词 while 表转折意义可知，空处应与 grew 形成对
比，应选 faded“逐渐消失”。]
15．A.routine B．hobby
C．journey D．principle
A [根据上文提到作者的孙辈们对作者的收藏品越来越感兴趣和下文中的
“Each time a child came to visit，he or she was ________ to pick a box”可
知，一个美妙的新习惯开始了。routine 在这里表示“常规，习惯”。]
16．A.forbidden B．allowed
C．advocated D．promoted
B [每当有孩子来，他或她都被允许选一个盒子。]
17．A.normally B．casually
C．fortunately D．delightfully
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D [随着孩子们的到来，作者收藏的盒子日益受欢迎，而作者也越来越受
欢迎，这是作者感到开心的一点，故选 delightfully“令人愉快地”。]
18．A.exposed B．awarded
C．divided D．exchanged
C [很快作者的收藏品就被孩子们分完了，所以选 divided“分享，分配”。]
19．A.accompanied B．clarified
C．described D．confirmed
A [根据语境判断，每一份礼物(即盒子)都伴随着一段旅游小故事，解释
了它被发现的地方和制作者以及那个国家的情况。accompany 用作及物动词，表
示“伴随，陪伴，陪同”，符合语境。]
20．A.article B．story
C．box D．backpack
C [参见上题解析，应选 box。]
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2021· 陕 西 省 部 分 学 校 摸 底 检 测 )Dressed in a flowing robe( 长 袍 )
1.________(decorate)with floral embroidery (花卉刺绣)from a past era，stylist
Xiao Hang looks like she came from a time machine.She walks across the noisy
Beijing subway，2.________(attract)curious glances and questions.
China 3.________(welcome)western fashion and futuristic technology during
the past decades，4.________ a growing number of young people like Xiao are
looking at the past for their dressing choices.5.________(obvious)，they prefer
to put on traditional“hanfu”，or“Han clothing”．
These historic 6.________(costume)are enjoying a comeback because the
government is promoting traditional culture.Period dramas have also contributed to
a 7.________(great) interest in traditional Chinese clothing and a higher demand
for it.
Xiao，8.________ used to work at a stateowned machine manufacturing
company，now runs her own hanfu business, where she dresses customers for photo
shoots and even plans hanfustyle weddings.However，there is still some way before
the style reaches wide 9.________(accept)in China.Many people say their hesitation
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is due to the odd looks they get when they're wearing hanfu 10.________ public.
【语篇解读】 设计师肖航经营着自己的汉服公司，她为客户提供汉服拍照
服务，甚至策划汉服风格的婚礼。与过去崇尚西方时尚风格相比，越来越多的年
轻人更喜欢中国传统服装文化。
1．decorated [考查过去分词。分析该句结构可知，空处作名词 robe 的后
置定语，修饰该名词；robe 和动词 decorate 之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故空处用
过去分词 decorated。]
2．attracting [考查现在分词。分析该句结构可知，主语 She 和动词 attract
之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故空处用现在分词 attracting。]
3．has welcomed/has been welcoming [考查动词的时态和主谓一致。空
处作谓语。根据该句时间状语“during the past decades”可知，该句陈述的是从
过去一直发生到现在的事情，而且还可能继续下去，故用现在完成时或者现在完
成进行时，又主语为 China，故可知答案。]
4．but [考查连词。空前陈述“多年来中国一直欢迎西方时尚和其现代的
技术”；空后表述“越来越多像肖这样的年轻人在选择服装时把目光投向过
去”，空处前后为转折关系，故填 but。]
5．Obviously [考查副词。分析该句结构可知，空处修饰后面的整个句子，
故用副词形式。]
6．costumes [考查名词的单复数。costume 可以当作可数名词讲，根据该
句系动词 are 可知，该处应用复数形式。]
7．greater [考查形容词的比较级。根据该句中的比较级“higher”可知，
空处与此对应，也应当用比较级。句意：历史剧也促使人们对中国传统服饰产生
了更大的兴趣和更高的需求。]
8．who [考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，
先行词为 Xiao，指人，空处在从句中作主语，故用 who 引导该定语从句。]
9．acceptance [考查名词。形容词修饰名词，根据形容词 wide 可知，空处
用名词形式，此处表示“广泛接受”。]
10．in [考查固定搭配。in public 为固定搭配，意为“公开地”，符合语
境。句意：很多人说，他们之所以会犹豫是因为公开穿汉服时别人会用奇怪的眼
神看他们。]
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