专题 01 阅读理解（第 01 期）
-2021 届全国 3+1+2 模式高三名校英语好题速递分项汇编（解析版）
阅读【2021 年湖北省八市高三（3 月）联考】
Remember to study for knowledge and not study for getting good grades! This helped me a lot, and might
help you too.
●Keep your study area organized and comfortable.
This helps you to concentrate better while studying by reducing unwanted distractions. Keeping all the
required books, pens, and other instruments within reach helps. you to stayfocused on studying. You don’t have to
look around for any book you need.
●Discover ways to enhance your concentration.
Concentration is unquestionably the most important attribute necessary to enjoy studying. Staying focused on
what you are reading helps you to understand and absorb it. Therefore, it is absolutely essential for you to find out
all the essentials that enhance your concentration.
●To enjoy studying, prepare in advance for tests.
If you intend Lo truly enjoy studying, you must make it a habit to prepare well in advance for all your tests.
You cannot enjoy studying when you are preparing on the last day prior to your test. This will make studying a
painful experience for you.
●Ensure that your study area is free from disturbances.
Ensure that outside noise and disturbances do not affect your studies. Your study table must be located in a
silent area free from all external disturbances.
●Mark all important dates on a wall calendar.
●Remember to take short breaks.
Taking short breaks during studying helps you in retaining more of what you have studied. Hence, short breaks
are helpful during a long study session.
●Manage your time in a wise way.
●Stay positive.
Staying positive is necessary to enjoy studying. Think of all the benefits you can obtain from scoring high
grades. This will motivate you 10 strive harder in your studies.
●Be prepared; remove fear of exams.
1．What helps you to stay focused according to the text?
A．Enjoying studying.
B．Preparing well in advance for you tests.
C．Taking short breaks during studying.
D．Keeping unnecessary distractions away.
2．If you want to keep in your memory as much as possible of what you have learned, what should you try to avoid?
A．A long study session without taking short breaks.
B．The essentials that enhance your concentration.
C．The painful experience of taking exams.
D．Preparation for your Lest on the last day.
3．What could be the best tile of this text?
A．How to score the best grades?
B．How to get rid of disturbances?
C．How to improve your ability to study?
D．How to make the best of your time?
【答案】1．D2．A3．C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些帮助提高学习能力的方法。
1．细节理解题，根据“●Keep your study area organized and comfortable.”部分的第一句话“This helps you to
concentrate better while studying by reducing unwanted distractions.（这有助于你通过减少不必要的干扰，学习
时集中注意力。）”可知，通过远离不必要的干扰可以集中注意力。故选 D 项。
2．推理判断题。根据“●Remember to take short breaks.”部分的第一句“Taking short breaks during studying helps
you in retaining more of what you have studied.（学习时短暂休息一下可以帮助你记住更多学过的内容。）”可
推知，想要记住更多学过的内容，就应该避免没有短暂休息的长时间学习。故选 A 项。
3．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Remember to study for knowledge and not study for getting good grades! This helped
me a lot, and might help you too.（记住，学习是为了知识，而不是为了取得好成绩!这对我帮助很大，也许对
你也有帮助。）”及下文内容可知，文章主要介绍了一些帮助提高学习能力的方法，C 项“How to improve your
ability to study?（如何提高你的学习能力？）”概括文章大意，适合做文章标题。故选 C 项。
Most Chinese know the story of the mythological Chang’e, the Chinese goddess of the moon. It’s a story
about a woman who takes an immortality pill and flies to the moon. It is told every year during China’s
Mid-Autumn Moo Festival, so people can’t hear the word “Chang’e” without thinking of romantic images of a
moon goddess.
For this reason, China’s mission to the moon was calling out for a strong female figure. Therefore,pictures of a
24-year-old female space commander have gone viral on Chinese social media for her work on the Chang’e-5
Moon exploration programme with comments about how she is a “frontline soldier in the field of aerospace” that
young Chinese can look up to.
Ms Zhou, a 24-ycar-old lady of Tujia ethnic group, is China’s youngest ever space commander. She was
involved in the successful launch of the Chang’e-5 lunar probe on 24 November, in charge of the rocket connector
system, described as a key role.
In Wenchang space launch site, though she is only 1.58 meters and looks “mini”, she is called “big sister” for
her powerful “core and energy. Since senior high, she has dreamed of being a member of a space research team.
With her great efforts, she was admitted to an aircraft system and engineering major of a domestic university in
2014. making her aerospace dream come true. To grow into a commander, in two and a half years, she changed five
positions to be familiar with multiple posts and types of work, each of which takes great courage and is full of
challenges. In a working space with no air conditioning and narrow space to accommodate only three people, she
worked for 60 days until the completion of “the Lang March 5 rocket goes around” battle.
Her story has received attention from Chinese state-run media a3 well as overseas media outlets. However, it
has not appeared to have had much of an effect on her. According to the media, she declined repeated requests for
interviews 85 she does not wish to let fame get in the way of her work.
4．Why does the writer mention the myth of Chang’e at the beginning of the passage?
A．To introduce the topic. B．To give an example.
C．To tell a romantic story. D．To spread Chinese culture.
5．What makes people think of Ms Zhou as a pioneer for the youth in aerospace?
A．Her youth and beauty. B．Her pictures on the media.
C．Her identity of Tujia Ethnic group. D．Her performance in the moon-landing program.
6．Why did Ms Zhou reject the media’s invitation to interviews?
A．Because she was too shy.
B．Because she was not available.
C．Because she feared her fame might affect her career.
D．Because she considered fame nothing but a burden.
7．What can we learn from Ms Zhou’s story?
A．Attitude is altitude. B．The early bird catches the worms.
C．Many hands make light work. D．Diligence makes up for inability.
【答案】4．A5．D6．C7．A
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了参与嫦娥五号探索计划的年轻女指挥官周女士为实现航天梦
想而努力的故事。
4．推理判断题。文章第一段介绍了嫦娥奔月的神话故事，第二段中“For this reason, China’s mission to the moon
was calling out for a strong female figure.(出于这个原因，中国的登月任务呼唤一位坚强的女性形象)”起到过渡
的作用，引出下文，下文主要讲述参与嫦娥五号探索计划的 24 岁女指挥官实现太空探索梦想的经历。因此
可以推断，文章第一段提到嫦娥奔月的神话是为了引出话题。故选 A 项。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段“Therefore, pictures of a 24-year-old female space commander have gone viral on
Chinese social media for her work on the Chang’e-5 Moon exploration programme with comments about how she
is a “frontline soldier in the field of aerospace” that young Chinese can look up to.(因此，一名 24 岁的女太空指挥
官的照片在中国社交媒体上疯传，她参与了嫦娥五号的探索计划，并被评论为中国年轻人中值得尊敬的航
天领域的一线战士)”可知，周女士在登月计划中的表现让人们认为周女士是年轻人在航天领域的先驱。故选
D 项。
6．细节理解题。根据最后一段“According to the media, she declined repeated requests for interviews because she
does not wish to let fame get in the way of her work.(据媒体报道，她拒绝了多次采访请求，因为她不想让名声
影响她的工作)”可知，周女士拒绝媒体采访是因为她不想让出名妨碍了她的工作。故选 C 项。
7．推理判断题。根据第四段“To grow into a commander, in two and a half years, she changed five positions to be
familiar with multiple posts and types of work, each of which takes great courage and is full of challenges.(为了成
长为一名指挥官，在两年半的时间里，她换了 5 个岗位，熟悉了多个岗位和工作类型，每一个岗位都需要
很大的勇气和挑战)”和相关内容可知，周女士为了实现自己的航天梦，付出了很大的决心和努力，因此 A
选项“Attitude is altitude.(态度决定高度)”是我们在她的故事中能学到的东西。故选 A 项。
【2021 年湖北省八市高三（3 月）联考】
As the saying goes,’ time waits for no man’. Time is always against us, and we just can’t stop it. Maybe that’s
why some of us are always running late for appointments, But if timekeeping is not what you’re good at, don’t
stress. There might be a good reason for your lack of punctuality.
People’s attitudes to being on time vary. Some clock-watch and make sure they’re exactly on time for a
meeting. It is, after all, rude to be late, and if you can make it on time, why can’t everyone else? But if, like me，you
want to make every second count, you might try to squeeze as much as you can into the time you have available.
However, when your schedule doesn’t run to plan, your punctuality inevitably slips.
People who lack promptness have been described as ‘time benders’. Author Grace Pacie told the BBC that
“they’re the people who don’t want t0 be late, but they have a strange resistance to being early, and they don’t allow
enough time.” They assume their journey to an appointment will always go smoothly, and the train will always be
on time!
Perceptions of unpunctual people are almost always negative — even if sometimes wrong. Writing for the
BBC, Laura Clarke says: Being consistently late might not be your fault. It could be your type. The
punctually-challenged often share personality characteristics, such as optimism, low levels of self-control, anxiety,
or a preference for thrill-seeking, experts say. It is also possible that people are late so as not to be noticeable and to
avoid the anxious wait for others to turn up.
Maybe we latecomers should make more of an effort and follow the advice I heard to no ‘try’ to be on time but
‘decide’ to be on time. But I know if a meeting or a deadline really matters, then I’ll be there. Otherwise relax, even
if others are blaming you!
8．The text is meant to _____.
A．tell us to avoid being late B．tell us why we are late
C．tell us the importance of punctuality D．tell us to try to be early rather than late
9．“Time benders” refer to those _____.
A．who don’t want to he late
B．who don’t allow enough time
C．who have a strange resistance to being early
D．who lack punctuality
10．According to experts, it is typical of time benders to _____.
A．be pessimistic B．be negative
C．make every second count D．have low levels of self-control
11．It is quite possible that the writer is one of those _____.
A．punctual people B．unpunctual people
C．trying to be on time D．deciding to be on time
【答案】8．B9．D10．D11．B
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了也许迟到不是我们的错，并介绍了我们为什么会迟到。
8．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“There might be a good reason for your lack of punctuality.(你不守时可能有充
分的理由。)”及下文内容可知，文章的目的是要告诉我们为什么迟到。故选 B。
9．词义猜测题。根据文章第三段划线词前半句“People who lack promptness ”(做事不及时的人)及后句“Author
Grace Pacie told the BBC that “they’re the people who don’t want t0 be late, but they have a strange resistance to
being early, and they don’t allow enough time.”(作家格蕾丝•帕西在接受 BBC 采访时表示：“这些人不想迟到，
但他们奇怪地抗拒早到，也不给足够的时间。”)”可猜测，“Time benders”指的是那些奇怪地抗拒早到的人。
故选 D。
10．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The punctually-challenged often share personality characteristics, such as
optimism, low levels of self-control, anxiety, or a preference for thrill-seeking, experts say.” (专家说，不守时的人
通常有共同的性格特征，比如乐观、自控力低、焦虑，或者喜欢寻求刺激。)可知，专家表示，典型的“时间
弯曲者”自控力较低。故选 D。
11．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Maybe we latecomers should make more of an effort and follow the advice I
heard to no ‘try’ to be on time but ‘decide’ to be on time. ”(也许我们迟到的人应该更加努力，听从我听到的建
议，不是“尝试”准时，而是“决定”准时。)可推断，作者很有可能是那些不守时的人之一。故选 B。
【2021 年湖北省八市高三（3 月）联考】
As the effects of climate change become more disastrous, well-known research institutions and government
agencies are focusing new money and attention on an idea: artificially cooling the planet, in the hopes of buying
humanity more time to cut greenhouse gas emissions.
That strategy, called solar climate intervention (干预) or solar geoengineering, involves reflecting more of the
sun’s energy back into space — abruptly reducing global temperatures in a way that imitates the effects of ash
clouds flowing out from the volcanic eruptions. The idea has been considered as a dangerous and fancied solution,
one that would encourage people to keep burning fossil fuels while exposing the planet to unexpected and
potentially threatening side effects, producing more destructive hurricanes, wildfires floods and other disasters.
But. as global warming continues, producing more destructive hurricanes, wildfires floods and other disasters,
some researchers and policy experts say that concerns about geoengineering should be outweighed by the
imperative to better understand it, in case the consequence of climate change become so terrible that the world can’t
wait for better solutions.
One way to cool the earth is by injecting aerosols (气溶胶) into the upper layer of the atmosphere. where those
particles reflect sunlight away from the earth. That process works, according to Douglas MacMartin, a researcher at
Cornell University.
“We know with 100% certainty that we can cool the planet,” he said in an interview. What’s still unclear, he
added, is what happens next. Temperature, MacMartin said, is an indicator for a lot of climate effects. “What does it
do to the strength of hurricanes?” he asked, “What does it do to agriculture production? What does it do to the risk
of forest fires?”
Another institution funded by the National Science Foundation will analyze hundreds of simulations of aerosol
injection, testing the effects on weather extremes around the world. One goal of the research is to look for a sweet
spot: the amount of artificial cooling that can reduce extreme weather events without causing broader changes in
regional rainfall patterns or similar impacts.342
12．Why do researchers and government agencies work on cooling the earth?
A．To prevent natural disasters. B．To win more time to reduce gas emissions.
C．To imitate volcanic eruptions. D．To encourage more people to bur fossil fuels.
13．What are researchers worried about in terms of global warming?
A．More volcanoes will throw out.
B．More solar energy will go into space.
C．More disasters will endanger the future of the world.
D．People will keep burning fossil fuels to keep warm.
14．What can be inferred from Douglas’ words in an interview?
A．He thinks more research remains to be done.
B．He is optimistic about the effect of cooling the earth.
C．He is concerned about the reduction in agriculture production.
D．He disapproves of the practice of solar climate intervention.
15．What does the underlined words “sweet spot” in the last paragraph mean?
A．The rainfall pattern of a region.
B．The modest drop in temperature.
C．The number of extreme weather events.
D．The injection amount of aerosol.
【答案】12．B13．C14．A15．B
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述全球气候变化带来各种灾难性的天气，政府和相关研究机构提出
的各种可能的应对办法。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段“As the effects of climate change become more disastrous, well-known research
institutions and government agencies are focusing new money and attention on an idea: artificially cooling the
planet, in the hopes of buying humanity more time to cut greenhouse gas emissions.(随着气候变化的影响变得更
加严重，知名研究机构和政府机构正把新的资金和注意力集中在一个想法上：人为地让地球降温，希望为
人类赢得更多时间来减少温室气体排放)”可知，研究者和政府机构给地球降温是为了赢得更多的时间来减少
温室气体的排放。故选 B 项。
13．推理判断题。根据第三段“some researchers and policy experts say that concerns about geoengineering should
be outweighed by the imperative to better understand it, in case the consequence of climate change become so
terrible that the world can’t wait for better solutions.(一些研究人员和政策专家表示，当务之急是更好地了解地
球工程，这比对地球工程的担忧更重要，以防气候变化的后果变得如此可怕，以至于世界不能等待更好的
解决方案)”可知，研究者担心全球变暖造成的各种灾难可能会让未来的世界处于危险中。故选 C 项。
14．推理判断题。根据第五段““What does it do to the strength of hurricanes?” he asked, “What does it do to
agriculture production? What does it do to the risk of forest fires?”(他问：“它对飓风的强度有什么影响？这对农
业生产有什么影响？它对森林火灾的风险有什么影响？”)”可知，Douglas 认为还有很多疑问没有解开，所以
还有很多研究有待去做。故选 A 项。
15．词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“One goal of the research is to look for a sweet spot: the amount of artificial
cooling that can reduce extreme weather events without causing broader changes in regional rainfall patterns or
similar impacts.(这项研究的目标之一是寻找一个“最佳点”：人工降温的数量，既可以减少极端天气事件，又
不会造成区域降雨模式的广泛变化或类似影响)”可知，这里的“最佳点”指的是，人工降温要适度，既可以解
决气候变暖带来的极端天气，又不会给气候造成太大的影响，因此“a sweet spot”指的是适度的降温。故选 B
项。
阅读【福建省福州市 2021 届高中毕业班 3 月质量检测】
The new year always brings predictions. You know who gets them right?
BLUETOOTH
In his futuristic 1953 novel Fahrenheit 451, Ray Bradbury anticipated Bluetooth, describing wireless
earphones that allowed for "an electronic ocean of sound, of music and talk" to be transferred through the air.
Imagine how thrilled he would have been with a Bluetooth toaster! That was the idea behind Griffin's Connected
Toaster, which warned you via smartphone when your toast was done. At $ 100, this baby cost a lot of bread, which
may be why it was discontinued just two years after launch.
SMART WATCH
The Apple Watch lets you chat, play games, and watch videos on a device fastened to your wrist. Cool, huh?
The Jetsons thought so… in 1962 — when Steve Jobs was still in second grade!
WI-FI
Nikola Tesla called it! In 1909, the famous electrical engineer told the New York Times, "It will soon be
possible to send wireless messages all over the world so simply that any individual can carry and operate his own
equipment." No doubt he was thinking of the Kérastase Hair Coach brush, which measured brushing speed and
employed a micro-phone to listen to your hair, all to compute an overall hair-quality score sent to your smartphone.
(Alas, it too is gone.)
GPS
Writer Arthur C．Clarke (2001: A Space Odyssey) saw a world in which no one got lost. In 1956，he wrote that
satellites “could make possible a position-finding grid (铁网) whereby anyone could locate himself by means of a
couple of dials on an instrument about the size of a watch.” Clarke didn't mention that his system might also track
another person, such as a criminal. Last year, the New York City police arrested a robber who was wearing a GPS
ankle monitor — because he was still on probation (缓刑) for a prior crime.
1．Which of the predictions is the earliest?
A．BLUETOOTH. B．SMART WATCH,
C．WI-FI. D．GPS.
2．Why did Griffin's Connected Toaster disappear?
A．Too expensive. B．Out of date.
C．A little awkward D．Energy-consuming.
3．What was Clarke’s prediction?
A．A GPS ankle monitor.
B．A robber-arresting instrument.
C．A watch that could see the world.
D．An instrument that could locate a person.
【答案】1．C2．A3．D
【解析】本文是说明文。文章讲述了促使蓝牙、智能手表、无线网及全球定位系统等科技产品产生的历史
预测。
1．细节理解题。由文章第二段第一句“In his futuristic 1953 novel Fahrenheit 451, Ray Bradbury anticipated
Bluetooth, describing wireless earphones that allowed for "an electronic ocean of sound, of music and talk" to be
transferred through the air.(雷·布拉德伯里在 1953 年出版的科幻小说《华氏 451 度》中预言了蓝牙，描述了无
线耳机可以通过空气传输“声音、音乐和对话的电子海洋”)”可知，对蓝牙的预测是在 1953 年；由文章第三
段第二句“The Jetsons thought so… in 1962 — when Steve Jobs was still in second grade! (杰森一家是这么认为
的……在 1962 年——当时史蒂夫·乔布斯还在上二年级！)”可知，对智能手表的预测是在 1962 年；由文章
第四段第二句“In 1909, the famous electrical engineer told the New York Times, "It will soon be possible to send
wireless messages all over the world so simply that any individual can carry and operate his own equipment." (1909
年，这位著名的电气工程师在接受《纽约时报》采访时表示：“不久以后，将无线信息发送到世界各地将成
为可能，这种方式非常简单，任何人都可以携带并操作自己的设备。”)”可知，对无线网的预测是在 1909 年；
由文章第五段第二句“In 1956，he wrote that satellites “could make possible a position-finding grid (铁网)
whereby anyone could locate himself by means of a couple of dials on an instrument about the size of a
watch.”(1956 年，他写道，卫星“可以使一个定位网格成为可能，任何人都可以通过一个手表大小的仪器上
的两个刻度盘来确定自己的位置”)”可知，对 GPS 的预测是在 1956 年。综上所述，对无线网的预测是最早
的。故选 C 项。
2．推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“At $ 100, this baby cost a lot of bread, which may be why it was
discontinued just two years after launch.(这款售价 100 美元的“宝宝”要花很多面包，这可能就是为什么它在推
出两年后就停产了)”可知，导致格里芬的联网烤面包机消失的原因是它太贵了。故选 A 项。
3．推理判断题。根据文章第五段第二句“In 1956, he wrote that satellites “could make possible a position-finding
grid (铁网) whereby anyone could locate himself by means of a couple of dials on an instrument about the size of a
watch.””(1956 年，他写道，卫星“可以使一个定位网格成为可能，任何人都可以通过一个手表大小的仪器上
的两个刻度盘来确定自己的位置”)”可知，Clarke 的预测是能够定位一个人位置的仪器。故选 D 项。
【福建省福州市 2021 届高中毕业班 3 月质量检测】
I never thought I'd hear myself say it, but I've grown to enjoy lifting weights，and I've learned from doing it. I
enjoy the sense of strength and discipline that comes when the muscles are forced to resist. I've tried varying
schedules — lifting every day, every other day, two days on and a day off. The every day approach was the least
effective. I get the best strengthening results when I give myself a break.
The same is true with mind and spirit. Without giving yourself a chance to reenergize, you begin to break
down all the connective fibers of your life. I used to just give myself Sundays off. Now I'm scheduling downtime in
the midst of everything — and “everything” includes two magazines, building a house in Hawaii, working on an
ABC movie — and, oh yeah, my day job. Keeping it all straight was beginning to feel a little stressful. So I told
myself that just because I have ten free minutes on my calendar doesn't mean I want to fill them. Breathing space
has to become part of my daily routine.
So instead of having people lined up outside my office after the first show — I tape two a day — I do nothing
for at least ten minutes. The change has worked wonders. I have more energy, and I'm in a better mood for the
second show and all the business that comes afterward.
Now that I have the summer off to sit under the trees reading, napping, writing, and thinking , I know for sure
it’s time well spent. I’m refilling my tank so that by fall, when the new season begins, I'll be fired up and ready for
whatever is to come. Fully restored.
4．What is the function of the first paragraph?
A．To arouse the readers' concern.
B．To summarize the whole passage.
C．To state the importance of a good lifestyle.
D．To introduce the theme of the whole passage.
5．Which of the following does the author agree with?
A．Keeping everything straight. B．Resting at any time.
C．Taking breaks between tasks. D．Having a full schedule.
6．What does the underlined “it” in Para.2 refer to?
A．Everything. B．Building a house.
C．My day job. D．Working on a movie.
7．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．Lifting weights changes peopled life.
B．A little restoration helps go a long way.
C．Why people need to be in high spirits.
D．Ten minutes' break will work wonders.
【答案】4．D5．C6．A7．D
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过作者的亲身经历，告诉我们“十分钟的休息会创造奇迹。”
4．推理判断题。根据第一段中“I've tried varying schedules — lifting every day, every other day, two days on and
a day off. The every day approach was the least effective. I get the best strengthening results when I give myself a
break.(我尝试过改变作息时间——每天放松、每隔一天放松、上两天放松、休息一天放松。每天锻炼的方法
效果最差。当我让自己休息一下时，我得到了最好的强化效果)”和第二段第一句“The same is true with mind
and spirit.(头脑和精神也是如此)”可知，第一段的作用是“为了介绍整篇文章的主题”。故选 D。
5．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Without giving yourself a chance to reenergize, you begin to break down all the
connective fibers of your life.(如果不给自己重新充电的机会，你就会开始破坏生活中所有的连接纤维)”可知，
作者会同意“在工作之间休息。”故选 C。
6．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Now I'm scheduling downtime in the midst of everything — and “everything”
includes two magazines, building a house in Hawaii, working on an ABC movie — and, oh yeah, my day job.
Keeping it all straight was beginning to feel a little stressful.(现在，我要在所有事情中间安排休息时间——“所有
事情”包括两本杂志，在夏威夷盖房子，为 ABC 的一部电影工作——哦，对了，还有我的日常工作。我开
始觉得把事情搞清楚有点压力)”可推知，划线词 it 指代的是上文中的 everything。故选 A。
7．主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“I get the best strengthening results when I give myself a break.(当我让自
己休息一下时，我得到了最好的强化效果)”和第三段“So instead of having people lined up outside my office
after the first show — I tape two a day — I do nothing for at least ten minutes. The change has worked wonders. I
have more energy, and I'm in a better mood for the second show and all the business that comes afterward.(所以在
第一次演出后，人们在我的办公室外排队——我每天录两盘——我至少有十分钟什么都不做。这种改变创
造了奇迹。我有了更多的精力，对于第二场演出和之后的所有业务，我也有了更好的心情)”可知，这篇文章
讲述的是“十分钟的休息会创造奇迹”。故选 D。
【福建省福州市 2021 届高中毕业班 3 月质量检测】
The Maya city of Tikal is famous for its amazing palaces and temples. But something far more ordinary kept
Tikal functioning: its water-purifying(净化) system, the earliest known of its kind.
Researchers recently discovered a volcanic mineral that traps microbes(微生物) and heavy metals in Tikal's
largest reservoir(水库). Because the material is not found nearby, the finding suggests the presence of a man-made
water-purifying device.
The finding denies the long-standing idea that the ancient worlds technological achievements belonged to the
Eastern world, like Egypt, and China. The leading scientist of this research, Kenneth Tankersley says, “When
talking about purifying water, the Maya were thousands of years ahead.”
Located in the forests of Central America, Tikal, is thought to have been home to more than 45,000 people.
They had to struggle against a dry season lasting from November through April. Storing water in reservoirs was a
solution, but that water had to be fit to drink, said Kenneth, “Keeping water clean was of great importance.”
A few years ago, the researchers were surprised to find that the largest reservoir, Corriental, had significantly
fewer harmful chemicals than the others. “The water quality at Corriental was much higher.”
Somehow the Maya must have been purifying Corriental’s water, the team assumed. “The Maya used gardens
as their bathrooms.” Kenneth said, “The water coming into the reservoir would not have been very clean.”
At the bottom of Corriental, scientists found four separate layers(层), each a few centimeters thick, of
millimeter-scale “zeolites(沸石)”. This type of volcanic mineral can purify water and is still in widespread use
today, Kenneth says, “Just about everything we drink, from bottled water to wine, runs through a zeolite purifying
device.”
The Maya wouldn’t have known about the zeolite in rock, but they would have recognized the purifying
effects, the researchers suggest. A zeolite-rich rock formation about 30 kilometers northeast of Tikal is the likely
source of the material in Corriental reservoir, the team said last month in Scientific Reports. Water at this site “was
clear and tasted good.”340
8．What did the researchers find?
A．A new material called zeolites. B．The purifying effects of zeolites.
C．An old water-purifying system. D．High-quality water in Corriental.
9．How did the Maya purify water?
A．By building the largest reservoir. B．By using gardens as their bathrooms.
C．By getting rid of heavy metals. D．By spreading four layers of zeolites.
10．What can we learn from the research?
A．The Maya drank bottled water. B．The ancient Maya were very bright.
C．The system was created by accident. D．The zeolites were found in Corriental.
11．According to Kenneth,________.
A．the original water in Corriental was not clean enough
B．water supply in Tikal lasted from November to April
C．all ancient technological achievements belonged to the East
D．the Maya had a good understanding of the zeolite in rocks
【答案】8．C9．D10．B11．A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了玛雅城市 Tikal 的水净化系统，这是已知的最早的净水系统。
8．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Researchers recently discovered a volcanic mineral that traps microbes and
heavy metals in Tikal's largest reservoir. Because the material is not found nearby, the finding suggests the presence
of a man-made water-purifying device.(研究人员最近在 Tikal 最大的水库中发现了一种火山矿物，它能捕获微
生物和重金属。由于附近没有发现这种物质，这一发现表明存在一种人造净水器)”可知，科学家们在 Tikal
最大的水库中发现了一种火山矿物。通过这一物质，从而发现这里存在着旧时的人造净水系统。故选 C。
9．细节理解题。根据文章第七段“At the bottom of Corriental, scientists found four separate layers(层), each a few
centimeters thick, of millimeter-scale “zeolites(沸石)”. This type of volcanic mineral can purify water and is still in
widespread use today (在 Corriental 的底部，科学家们发现了四个不同的由毫米级沸石组成的岩层，每一层只
有几厘米厚。这种类型的火山矿物可以净化水，今天仍然被广泛使用)”可知，玛雅人通过四层沸石来净化饮
用水。故选 D。
10．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The finding denies the long-standing idea that the ancient worlds technological
achievements belonged to the Eastern world, like Egypt, and China. The leading scientist of this research, Kenneth
Tankersley says, “When talking about purifying water, the Maya were thousands of years ahead.”(这一发现否认了
长期以来的观点，即古代世界的技术成就属于东方世界，例如埃及和中国。这项研究的首席科学家 Kenneth
Tankersley 说：谈论净化水时，玛雅人已经进行了数千年)”可知，玛雅人在净化水这一成就上远远领先于世
界其他地方。由此推知，玛雅人非常聪明。故选 B。
11．细节理解题。根据文章第六段““The Maya used gardens as their bathrooms.” Kenneth said, “The water coming
into the reservoir would not have been very clean.”(研究小组认为，玛雅人一定以某种方式净化了 Corriental 的
水。“玛雅人使用花园作为浴室。”肯尼斯说：“流入水库的水不会很干净。”)”可知，Kenneth 认为玛雅人将
花园作为浴室，流入水库的水不干净。即一开始流入 Corriental 的水不是很干净。故选 A。
【福建省福州市 2021 届高中毕业班 3 月质量检测】
Can a fish be depressed? This question has been on my head ever since I spent a night in a hotel across from
a sad-looking fish. His name was Bruce Lee.
The pleasant woman at the front desk assured me that he was well taken care of. Was I incorrectly assuming
his laziness was a sign of being upset?
When I sought answers from scientists, I assumed that they would find the question ridiculous. But they did
not. New research has been totally shifting the way that scientists think about fish cognition (认知)，building a case
that pet and owner are not nearly as different as many assume. The neurochemistry (神经化学）is so similar that it’s
scary, said Julian Pittman，a professor. We tend to think of them as simple living things, but there is a lot we don't
give fish credit for.
Dr. Pittman likes working with fish, in part, because they are so obvious about their depression. A zebrafish
gets dropped in a new tank. If after five minutes it is hanging out in the lower half, it’s depressed. If it’s swimming
up top, then it’s not.
Is depression the right word? There's the obvious issue that we cannot ask animals how they feel, says Dr.
Diego A．Pizzagali . Neither fish nor rats can catch the entire range of depression as we know it.
There is a heated debate about whether anxious or depressed is a more appropriate term. But what has
convinced Dr. Pittman, and others, over the past ten years is watching the way the zebrafish lose interest in just
about everything: food, toys, exploration, just like clinically depressed people who are withdrawn. The same is true
of fish.
One of the things we're finding is that fish are naturally curious and seek novel things out, said Dr. Braithwaite.
In other words, your goldfish is probably bored. To help get rid of depression, she urges introducing new objects to
the tank or switching up the location of items.
12．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?
A．Fish are considered simple living things.
B．Pet and owner are always assumed the same.
C．Scientists have learnt a lot about fish cognition.
D．Fish and human beings have something in common.
13．What does the underlined word “withdrawn” in Paragraph 6 probably mean?
A．Quiet and shy.
B．Happy and excited.
C．Interested and careful.
D．Disappointed and surprised.
14．Why can fish become bored according to the text?
A．They need oxygen from the air.
B．They are not born to be curious.
C．They lack new things to explore.
D．They can’t locate the positions of items.
15．What might be the best title for the text?
A．Fish Depression Is not a Joke.
B．Fish Can Be a Boring Pet.
C．Fish Need Better Care More.
D．Fish Cognition Does not Exist.
【答案】12．D13．A14．C15．A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了鱼和人类有很多共同之处，也会得抑郁症，也有精神问题。
12．主旨大意题。根据第三段中“New research has been totally shifting the way that scientists think about fish
cognition (认知)，building a case that pet and owner are not nearly as different as many assume. The
neurochemistry (神经化学）is so similar that it’s scary, said Julian Pittman，a professor.”（一项新的研究已经完
全改变了科学家们对鱼类认知的看法，建立了一个案例，证明宠物和主人并不像许多人想象的那么不同。
教授 Julian Pittman 说，两者的神经化学成分非常相似，令人感到害怕。）可知，第三段主要说明鱼和人类有
一些共同之处。故选 D 项。
13．词义猜测题。根据第六段中划线词句前一部分“But what has convinced Dr. Pittman, and others, over the past
ten years is watching the way the zebrafish lose interest in just about everything: food, toys, exploration, just like
clinically depressed people…”（但让 Pittman 博士和其他人信服的是，在过去的十年里，斑马鱼是如何失去对
一切事物的兴趣的：食物、玩具、探索，就像临床抑郁症患者一样……）可知，斑马鱼会像临床抑郁症患
者一样，划线词句后一部分“who are withdrawn”是定语从句，是对先行词 clinically depressed people 的解释，
根据抑郁症常识，从而推知划线词汇 withdrawn 意为“不喜交流，孤僻胆小”。选项 A“安静而胆小”与之意义
最为接近，故选 A 项。
14．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“One of the things we're finding is that fish are naturally curious and seek novel
things out, said Dr. Braithwaite. In other words, your goldfish is probably bored. To help get rid of depression, she
urges introducing new objects to the tank or switching up the location of items.”（我们发现的一件事是，鱼天生
好奇，会寻找新奇的东西，Dr. Braithwaite 说。换句话说，你的金鱼可能很无聊。为了帮助摆脱抑郁，她敦
促在水箱中加入新物体或改变物品的位置。）可知，鱼可能会因为缺乏新的东西去探索而感到无聊。故选 C
项。
15．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第二段中“When I sought answers from scientists, I assumed that they would find
the question ridiculous. But they did not. New research has been totally shifting the way that scientists think about
fish cognition (认知)，building a case that pet and owner are not nearly as different as many assume.”（当我向科
学家们寻求答案时，我以为他们会觉得这个问题很荒谬。但他们没有。一项新的研究已经完全改变了科学
家们对鱼类认知的看法，建立了一个案例，宠物和主人并不像许多人想象的那么不同。）等内容可知，本文
主要讲述了鱼和人类有很多共同之处，也会得抑郁症，也有精神问题，这是真实的，不是开玩笑。选项 A“鱼
患抑郁症不是玩笑。”精准突出主题，吸引人的注意力，适合做标题。故选 A 项。
阅读【福建省泉州市 2021 届（3 月）高三质量监测（三）】
Songwriters
Before you can hear a song, a songwriter must imagine it. Some songwriters work alone, but many
songwriting teams combine the talents of songwriters and composers. Pop music legend Elton John's best-known
songs, including Tiny Dancer and Your Song, were written to accompany the lyrics(歌词)of Bernie Taupin, whose
name you might not know.
Arrangers
After a song has been written, music arrangers make it more appealing by deciding which instruments will be
used, what speed the song will have, and whether the song should have a lower or higher pitch(音调).
Recording Engineers
Recording engineers also play a major role in creating the final sound that you hear. First, they set up the
recording studio, the room where the performers play. Next, they use electronic equipment to record the music.
Finally, long after the musicians have gone home, they use a mixing board to balance the melody(旋律)of each
musician.
Many people make a living with music. You may not recognize all of their names, but all of them work
together to create the Songs you love to listen to.
1．Why an Elon and Bernie mentioned in paragraph 1?
A．To explain how to compose a song.
B．To present the advantage of teamwork.
C．To serve as an example of a songwriting team.
D．To show the responsibilities of songwriting teams.
2．What do music arrangers decide?
A．The lyrics. B．The instruments.
C．The recording studio. D．Harmony of the melody.
3．What is the main purpose of the passage?
A．To advertise some music CDs.
B．To get people involved in creating music.
C．To stress the importance of music industry.
D．To introduce the people behind the music.
【答案】1．C2．B3．D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了很多词曲创作团队是结合了词曲作者和作曲家的才能，以及描写
了创作一首你喜欢听的歌曲的细节过程。
1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Some songwriters work alone, but many songwriting teams combine the talents
of songwriters and composers.”（有些词曲作者是独自创作的，但很多词曲创作团队是结合了词曲作者和作曲
家的才能。）可推断，提到 Elon 和 Bernie 是作为一个歌曲创作团队的典范。故选 C 项。
2．细节理解题。根据 Arrangers 下面的一段“music arrangers make it more appealing by deciding which
instruments will be used”（音乐监制，让它更具吸引力决定使用哪个乐器）可知，音乐监制负责决定乐器。
故选 B 项。
3．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“You may not recognize all of their names”（你可能不认识他们所有人的名
字）及全文可推断，本文的主要目的是介绍音乐背后的人们。故选 D 项。
After watching her father struggle with weakness, pain and other issues for years before being
diagnosed(诊断) with two serious illnesses, Muriel Metko knew she wanted a career in medicine. "I want to help
patients like my father, to find better diagnostic tools and treatment plans," says Metko," I was passionate about
pursuing studies in biology in preparation for medical school and UW-Eau Claire was the perfect place to do that."
When Metko was still a second-year college student, Dr. James Phillips, professor of chemistry, asked her to
join his research team. She enjoyed it so much that when the first project ended, she joined Dr. Jennifer Dahl's
chemistry lab. As a student researcher, Metko has presented research at a national conference, and is working with
Dahl and her partner on a paper for publication, things she never imagined doing before.
"As a freshman, I had my eyes set strictly on getting my M.D．, but after doing research with Dr. James, I
knew it was something I wanted to continue with," Metko says. "I wouldn't have decided to pursue an
M.D．-PhD．If Dr. James hadn't recruited(录用)me."
Through her on-campus research, Metko learned useful technical skills, as well as skills like problem-solving
and perseverance(毅力), which are critical to be successful in the medical and research fields.
Last summer, Metko was selected to participate in the Undergraduate Research Employment
Program(UREP)at Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesotu. And her summer research project was recently in the
journal STEM CELLS Traditional Medicine. Working at such a famous institution impressed her. Inspired by
watching clinicians and researchers cooperate to develop the best diagnostic tools and treatment plans for patients.
Metko will join Mayo Clinic's Graduate Research Employment Program(UREP)after graduation, and then attend
graduate school to earn her M.D．-PhD, which can enable her to practice medicine and engage in research.
With a degree from UW-Eau Claire, Metko is confident she can achieve her goals.
4．Why did Metko decide to study medicine?
A．To seek a better career.
B．To meet her father's expectation.
C．To cure patients like her father.
D．To realize her dream of invention.
5．What can we learn about Metko's on-campus research?
A．It enabled her to earn an M.D．
B．It was crucial for her future career.
C．She was required to join two chemistry labs.
D．She attained necessary skills to be a chemist.
6．How did the experience at Mayo Clinic benefit Matko?.
A．It allowed her to publish her books.
B．It offered her the basic training of a surgeon.
C．It gave her chances to attend international conferences.
D．It provided her with a better platform to achieve higher.
7．What motivated Metko to teach her academic achievements?
A．Passion and willpower. B．Curiosity and innovation.
C．Fame and honor. D．Responsibility and morality.
【答案】4．C5．B6．D7．A
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了 Muriel Metko 因为父亲的病痛想从事医学事业并描述了她一步步
进阶的过程和成就。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段她说的话“I want to help patients like my father, to find better diagnostic tools and
treatment plans”（我想帮助像我父亲一样的病人，找到更好的诊断工具和治疗方案）可知，Metko 从事医学
事业是为了拯救像父亲一样的病人。故选 C 项。
5．推理判断题。根据第四段“Through her on-campus research, Metko learned useful technical skills, as well as
skills like problem-solving and perseverance(毅力), which are critical to be successful in the medical and research
fields.”（通过她的校园研究，Metko 学习到了有用的技术技能，以及解决问题和坚持不懈的能力，这些都是
在医学和研究领域取得成功的关键。）可知，Metko 在校园的研究对她未来的职业生涯至关重要。故选 B 项。
6．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Metko will join Mayo Clinic's Graduate Research Employment
Program(UREP)after graduation, and then attend graduate school to earn her M.D.-PhD, which can enable her to
practice medicine and engage in research.”（Metko 毕业后将加入梅奥诊所的研究生研究就业计划(UREP)，然
后进入研究生院攻读医学博士学位，使她能够从事医学实践和研究工作。）可知，可知在梅奥诊所的经历为
她提供了一个更好的平台去实现更高的目标。故选 D 项。
7．推理判断题。根据第一段“I was passionate about pursuing studies in biology in preparation for medical school”
（我对攻读生物学充满热情，为医学院做准备）以及第四段“as well as skills like problem-solving and
perseverance, which are critical to be successful in the medical and research fields.”（以及解决问题和坚持不懈的
能力，这些都是在医学和研究领域取得成功的关键。）可判断，是激情和毅力激励 Metko，使她有这样的学
术成就。故选 A 项。
The Aral Sea was once the world's fourth largest lake. Filled with salt water and at least 24 species of fish,
the Aral Sea supported a large fishing industry. In the 1960s, water from the Aral Sea started to be used to irrigate
dry fields to produce cotton. Three quarters of the water was pumped from the sea over the next two decades,
leaving behind a salt-covered desert. The disappearing Aral Sea split into two separate lakes-the small Northern Sea
and a much larger body of water to the south.
By that time, most fish in the Aral Sea were gone. Salty irrigation water soon damaged the soil in the cotton
fields, so huge amounts of chemical pesticides(杀虫剂)and fertilizers were used trying to keep the fields productive,
which could be found in the groundwater and drinking water although must cotton fields disappeared, And the wind
picked up salt from the dried-up lake and carried it to farmland far from the Aral. Besides, people who lived in the
area experienced many health problems.
Today, however, there is some hope for the region. In the late 1990s, people in Kazakhstan used sand and soil
to build a dam that would prevent the Syr Dar'ya river water that fed the lake from flowing, out of the lake. They
also decided to take less water from the river for irrigation. The water level began to rise, and places that had been
completely dry for decades began to show signs of life. People who lived nearby began to believe that the Aral Sea
might return.
A permanent dam, the Kok-aral dam, was completed in August 2005. By April 2006, the water level had
already risen three meters, and the water was less salty. The northern part of the Aral Sea may soon be a much
healthier place to live for both fish and people.
8．What aspect of the Aral Sea does paragraph 1 focus on?
A．Description of the landform. B．Protection of the ecosystem.
C．Methods of the development. D．Reasons for the disaster.
9．What measure did Kazakhstan employ to save the Aral Sea in the 1990s?
A．They gave up the cotton fields for it.
B．They reduced its consumption for irrigation.
C．They replaced the earthen dam with a new one.
D．They stopped the Syr Dar'ya river water running into it.
10．What is the writer's attitude towards the future of the Aral Sea?
A．Concerned B．Positive. C．Skeptical. D．Cautious.
11．What is the best title of the passage?
A．Bringing Back the Aral Sea
B．Building dams in the Aral Sea area
C．The disappearance of the Aral Sea
D．The development of the Aral Sea
【答案】8．D9．B10．B11．A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了咸海本来是世界第四大湖泊，但由于人们不断用水，咸度增大，
经过一系列措施正慢慢恢复原样。
8．推理判断题。根据第一段“In the 1960s, water from the Aral Sea started to be used to irrigate dry fields to
produce cotton. Three quarters of the water was pumped from the sea over the next two decades, leaving behind a
salt-covered desert. The disappearing Aral Sea split into two separate lakes-the small Northern Sea and a much
larger body of water to the south.”（20 世纪 60 年代，咸海的水开始被用于灌溉旱地生产棉花。在接下来的 20
年里，四分之三的水是从咸海里抽出来的，留下了一片盐覆盖的沙漠。正在消失的咸海分裂成两个独立的
湖——小的北海和南部一个大得多的水体。）可推断，第一段注重描写灾难发生的原因。故选 D 项。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段“. In the late 1990s, people in Kazakhstan used sand and soil to build a dam that would
prevent the Syr Dar'ya river water that fed the lake from flowing, out of the lake. They also decided to take less
water from the river for irrigation.”（上世纪 90 年代末，哈萨克斯坦人用沙子和土壤建造了一座大坝，阻止流
入锡尔达尔亚湖的河水流出湖泊。他们还决定减少从河里取水用于灌溉。）可知，哈萨克斯坦在 20 世纪 90
年代采取了减少用于灌溉的消耗的措施来拯救咸海。故选 B 项。
10．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The northern part of the Aral Sea may soon be a much healthier place to live for
both fish and people.”（咸海北部可能很快就会成为鱼类和人类更健康的栖息地。）可推断，作者对咸海的未
来持乐观态度。故选 B 项。
11．主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，文章介绍了咸海本来是世界第四大湖泊，但由于人们不断用水，咸
度增大，经过一系列措施正慢慢恢复原样。所以“Bringing Back the Aral Sea(恢复咸海)”作为文章标题最为合
适。故选 A 项。
It sounds like something out of Dr. Seuss, but artist Sam Van Aken is developing a tree that blooms(开花)in
pink, purple and red in the spring-and that is capable of bearing 40 different kinds of fruit.
No, it's not genetic engineering. Van Aken, an associate professor in Syracuse University's art department,
used an age-old technique called grafting(嫁接)to attach branches from 40 different kinds of stone fruit onto a
single tree. But during the process of creation, he soon discovered that it was actually pretty hard to find so many
distinct varieties of stone fruit in New York. "I realized the extend which we've created these massive
monocultures(单种作物)." Most grocery stores and markets only sell a few varieties-and most of them are grown in
California.
Van Aken believes our national security is dependent upon our fond security. Now that we have created these
monocultures that only grow a few varieties of each crop, if something happens to just one of those varieties, it can
have a dramatic impact upon our food supply. And the key to maintaining our food security is preserving our
biodiversity.
100 years ago, there were far more varieties of fruit growing in the backyards of the Americans. Today, only a
small part of those remain, and what is left is threatened by industrialization of agriculture, disease and climate
change. Most of those threatened varieties were introduced to the US by immigrants. They cared for and cultivated
them, and valued them so much that they saw them as a connection to their home. "More than just food, embedded
in these fruit is our culture…In many ways these fruit is our story. And I was fortunate enough to learn about it
through an artwork that I created entitled the "Tree of 40 Fruit'," Van Aken says.
12．What delayed Van Aken's work?
A．His lack of experience.
B．The shortage of fruit varieties.
C．The low demand of fruit markets.
D．The distance from New York to California.
13．What may the monocultures lead to?
A．Insecurity of food.
B．Decreasing sale of fruit.
C．Lange production of crops
D．Highly industrialized agriculture.
14．What does the underlined word "embedded" mean in the last paragraph?
A．Carried. B．Located. C．Enhanced. D．Applied.
15．What is "Tree of 40 Fruit" intended to highlight?
A．The richness of food culture.
B．The threat of industrialization.
C．The significance of biodiversity.
D．The seriousness of climate change.
【答案】12．B13．A14．A15．C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了艺术家 Sam Van Aken 正在开发一种树，这种树在春天会开出粉
色、紫色和红色的花朵，而且能够结 40 种不同的果实。并通过创作的一幅名为《40 颗水果之树》让人们了
解到生物多样的重要性。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段的“But during the process of creation, he soon discovered that it was actually pretty
hard to find so many distinct varieties of stone fruit in New York.”（但在创作的过程中，他很快发现在纽约很难
找到这么多不同品种的核果。）可知，水果品种的短缺耽误了 Sam Van Aken 的工作。故选 B。
13．推理判断题。根据第三段的“Now that we have created these monocultures that only grow a few varieties of
each crop, if something happens to just one of those varieties, it can have a dramatic impact upon our food supply.”
（既然我们已经创造出了这些单一作物，每种作物只有几个品种，如果其中一个品种出了问题，就会对我
们的粮食供应产生巨大影响。）可知，单一品种可能导致粮食的无把握。故选 A。
14．词句猜测题。根据最后一段的“More than just food, embedded in these fruit is our culture…In many ways
these fruit is our story.”可知，不仅仅是食物，这些水果中 embedded 我们的文化……在很多方面这些水果就
是我们的故事。根据句意，尤其 these fruit is our story 可知，此处是指水果蕴含、蕴藏了我们的文化。即划
线词意为“蕴藏、蕴含”，与 carried 同义。故选 A。
15．推理判断题。根据第三段的第三段的“Now that we have created these monocultures that only grow a few
varieties of each crop, if something happens to just one of those varieties, it can have a dramatic impact upon our
food supply.”（既然我们已经创造出了这些单一作物，每种作物只有几个品种，如果其中一个品种出了问题，
就会对我们的粮食供应产生巨大影响。）和最后一段的“"More than just food, embedded in these fruit is our
culture…In many ways these fruit an our story. And I was fortunate enough to learn about it through an artwork
that I created entitled the "Tree of 40 Fruit'," Van Aken says.”（Van Aken 说：“不仅仅是食物，这些水果中蕴藏
着我们的文化……在很多方面这些水果就是我们的故事。我很幸运地通过我创作的一幅名为《40 颗水果之
树》的作品了解到这一点。”）可推知，这副《40 颗水果之树》的作品想要强调生物多样的重要性。故选 C。
阅读【福建省厦门市 2021 届高三下学期第一次质量检测】
Good Schools to Learn English
Atlanta English Institute (AEI)
It is designed for academically oriented, non-native speaking adults from beginners levels to those seeking
mastery. Each program in the school is specially designed for our students and based on their current English levels
and their goals. a student may register anytime, not merely at the beginning of a course. But at the middle of the
course, registration time depends on the availability of space in the classrooms.
Atlanta International Language Institute (AILI)
It provides the opportunity to learn how to read, write and speak English as a second language for those who
have little knowledge of the English language. Courses include ten continuous weekly classes and the classes meet
once a week for two hours. The curriculum of this language program is built for groups of three or more students
who can complete the material in ten weeks.
TALK Atlanta English School (TAES)
Located in the heart of Atlanta's Midtown Center area on Peachtree Street, it opened in 2011. Atlanta is home
to numerous industries, making the Midtown location perfectly suited for corporate programs. With ample covered
street parking space, the school is designed in the popular Atlanta loft style and has 10 large classrooms, a large and
welcoming reception area, devoted full-time teachers and staff for teenagers and adults.
Language Institute of Georgia (LIG)
It is a well-established school in Atlanta that offers English classes using Graded Reader Method. Our
maximum class size is eight students. Class meets once a week for two hours for six weeks. Please check our
schedule section for start dates. Refunds (退款) have to be requested within a week of the start date of the class.
1．How many hours does it take students to finish the courses at AILI?
A．Ten. B．Twelve. C．Twenty. D．Twenty-four.
2．What should students who need a refund pay attention to at LIG?
A．The limited courses there. B．The location of its reception area.
C．The deadline for a refund demand. D．The requested levels of the students.
3．What do the four schools have in common?
A．They are located in the same city. B．They all use Graded Reader Method.
C．They have the same registration time. D．They are all intended for adult learners.
【答案】1．C2．C3．A
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个学好英语的学校以及他们的课程。
1．细节理解题。根据 “Atlanta International Language Institute (AILI)” 中提及的“Courses include ten continuous
weekly classes and the classes meet once a week for two hours.”（课程包括连续的每周十节课，每周上课一次，
每次两个小时。）可知，总共需要二十个小时才能修完 AILI 的课程。故选 C 项。
2．细节理解题。根据“Language Institute of Georgia (LIG)”所提及的内容“Refunds (退款) have to be requested
within a week of the start date of the class.”（必须在课程开始日期的一周内要求退款。）可知，学生应特别注
意退款的最后期限。故选 C 项。
3．推理判断题。根据文章前三个学校的名字中分别都提到了一个地方“Atlanta”（亚特兰大）以及最后学校
“Language Institute of Georgia (LIG)”在介绍的内容中“It is a well-established school in Atlanta that offers
English classes using Graded Reader Method.”（这是一所在亚特兰大建立起来的学校，提供使用分级阅读方法
的英语课程。）可知，这个四所学校都有一个共同点即都位于亚特兰大。故选 A 项。
【福建省厦门市 2021 届高三下学期第一次质量检测】
I decided at 10 that I was going to be a teacher because I had a burning desire for superpowers. As a boy, I
could clearly see some of my teachers had extraordinary powers.
There was an English teacher in fifth grade who could magically transport us to different worlds every day by
telling us stories and reading to us from books we would otherwise never pick up. This was our secret and fun time
because fifth graders were considered too old to have stories read out to them.
It was even shocking that my teacher could see the invisible. I was one of those who lacked insight, Yet my
teacher would notice me and the unspoken message in her eyes suggested that she could see me through. She had
another superpower and even after four decades, I could still vividly remember her lessons about the great masters
of art and great geographers, expanding our horizons. She did this even though her major was not art, nor
geography. Her lessons went beyond the textbook I knew I wanted to be one of those all-seeing ones with
superpowers that made children feel safe and valued.
I know being a teacher isn't the easiest or the most financially rewarding of jobs. And there are occupational
risks-your knees can become worn out from years of carrying piles of notebooks up and down the school staircase,
your voice can give in from too much talking. But despite all that, there are those choosing this cause. To them,
teaching is not just a job-it is a science, an art and a craft, and it demands emotional labour and investment.
All my life, for three decades now, I've gone to work early each day with a spring in my step. Occasionally, I
meet my former students. Their obvious love for me and fond memories of our time together are my rewards. When
I meet others who thirst for superpowers, like the brand new teacher struggling to perfect her skills with a brave
face on, or the one in a remote, rural school travelling 70 kilometers each day just for his pupils, I feel proud to
belong to the same group.364
4．What can be inferred about the stories from paragraph 2?
A．They were told in a magic way. B．They were written by the teacher.
C．They contained some students' fun secrets. D．They left the students with happy memories.
5．Which of the following best describes the English teacher?
A．Ambitious and generous. B．Hard-working and wealthy.
C．Caring and modest. D．Well-informed and observant.
6．What do we know about the author as a teacher?
A．He suffered a lot in his knees and voice.
B．He thought teaching was more than spreading knowledge.
C．He had some ideas of how to be a teacher at a young age.
D．He was rewarded with much money for his devotion at school.
7．What can be concluded about being a teacher from the text?
A．With one thousand times for the peach garden sweet.
B．Teachers lead the door, progress in the individual.
C．In scholarship there is no difference of age.
D．Learning without a teacher is hard to gain.
【答案】4．D5．D6．B7．A
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了童年时期对老师的敬佩，认为老师有超能力。后来作者梦想成真，
做了老师，很快乐，很骄傲。
4．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“There was an English teacher in fifth grade who could magically transport us to
different worlds every day by telling us stories and reading to us from books we would otherwise never pick up.
This was our secret and fun time because fifth graders were considered too old to have stories read out to them.”
（五年级有一位英语老师，她每天给我们讲故事，给我们读一些我们永远不会读的书，她能神奇地把我们
带到不同的世界。这是我们的秘密和乐趣时间，因为五年级的学生被认为太大了以至于不能读故事给他们
听。）可知，第二段作者提到的五年级老师讲的故事，作者认为这是老师和他们之间的秘密以及快乐的时间。
是作者美好的回忆。故选 D 项。
5．推理判断题。根据第二段“There was an English teacher in fifth grade who could magically transport us to
different worlds every day by telling us stories and reading to us from books we would otherwise never pick up.”
（有一个五年级的英语老师，她每天给我们讲故事，给我们读一些我们永远不会读的书，他能神奇地把我
们带到不同的世界。）可知，这位英语老师读书很多，通过读书把学生带入各种不同的世界。第三段“Yet my
teacher would notice me and the unspoken message in her eyes suggested that she could see me through.”（但是我
的老师会注意到我，而她眼中的不言而喻的信息暗示她可以看穿我。）可知，这位老师会注意到我，那眼神
表明她把我看看透了。综上可以推理这位老师读书多知识渊博（well-informed），善于观察（observant）。故
选 D 项。
6．推理判断题。根据第四段“I know being a teacher isn't the easiest or the most financially rewarding of jobs. And
there are occupational risks-your knees can become worn out from years of carrying piles of notebooks up and
down the school staircase, your voice can give in from too much talking. But despite all that, there are those
choosing this cause. To them, teaching is not just a job-it is a science, an art and a craft, and it demands emotional
labor and investment.”（我知道当老师不是最容易的工作，也不是最赚钱的工作。还有职业上的风险——你
的膝盖可能会因为多年在学校的楼梯上搬运一堆堆的笔记本而磨损，你的声音可能会因为过多的交谈而减
弱。尽管如此，还是有人选择了这个事业。对他们来说，教学不仅仅是一份工作——它是一门科学，一门
艺术和一门手艺，它需要情感上的劳动和投资。）可知，作者认为，对于选择教师这个职业的那些人来说，
教学不仅仅是传播知识，还是一门艺术，要求情感方面的付出。故选 B 项。
7．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“All my life, for three decades now, I've gone to work early each day with a
spring in my step. Occasionally, I meet my former students. Their obvious love for me and fond memories of our
time together are my rewards. When I meet others who thirst for superpowers, like the brand new teacher struggling
to perfect her skills with a brave face on, or the one in a remote, rural school travelling 70 kilometers each day just
for his pupils, I feel proud to belong to the same group.”（在我的一生中，三十年来，我每天都早早地去上班，
步伐轻快。我偶尔会遇到以前的学生。他们对我明显的爱和我们在一起的美好回忆就是对我的回报。当我
遇到渴望拥有超能力的人，比如一位勇敢地努力完善自己技能的新老师，或是一位每天为学生跋涉 70 公里
的偏远农村学校的老师，我为自己和他们属于同一群体而感到自豪。）可知，作者认为：作为一个老师，作
者每天都很开心。偶尔遇到以前的学生时，作者认为他们的爱以及他们和作者之间的回忆是最好的回报。
同时作者会因为遇到渴望同样“超能力”的新老师以及肯为学生付出的老师而感到骄傲。因此可推断，老师这
个职业是用千百倍的耕耘，换来桃李满园香。故选 A 项。
【福建省厦门市 2021 届高三下学期第一次质量检测】
There are many therapies (疗法) for depression, including medical treatment, psychotherapy and talk therapy.
Having a range of treatment choices is a good idea because no single treatment works equally well for each of
millions of sufferers. Choosing the most suitable treatment is important to them. Now researchers say a new
therapy proven to relieve depression should be added to the established treatments. It's called nature therapy.
“Interacting with nature can have positive effects on those with depression,” says Ethan Kross, PhD, an expert who
has studied the nature-depression link.
A little exposure to nature helps all of us get our energy back, and it may have special benefit for those who
are depressed. “It seems that, from our work, the restorative effect of nature seems to be stronger for individuals
with depression,” says Marc Berman, PhD, an assistant professor of psychology at the University of Chicago. That
might be because they feel mentally exhausted, and being in nature reenergizes them. However, Dr. Berman has a
strong warning. “We're not arguing that interacting with nature should replace clinically proven treatments for
depression,” he says, “Nor should those with clinical depression try to treat themselves.”
However, Berman and others say, interactions with nature could serve as a very effective supplementary
treatment. Compared to adults with depression walking for 50 minutes in an urban setting, those who took a
50-minute walk in a natural setting were less depressed and had better memory skills.
Why does nature hold this special effect? Berman says, “In a natural environment, we can choose to think or
not, and this choice is believed to help us rest our brains. You can then pay attention later, when you need to.” He
adds, “It gives people more ability to concentrate, which is a big problem for those with depression.” Nature
provides an effective setting for resting our brains, unlike urban setting. Even in the most peaceful urban
environment, you have to pay attention to such things as traffic and stoplights.
8．What can we learn about depression therapies from paragraph 1?
A．They focus on physical activity. B．They pay no attention to interactions.
C．They mainly depend on natural environment.D．They need to be tailored to different patients.
9．How does nature benefit patients with depression？
A．By replacing clinic treatment. B．By making them feel energetic.
C．By reminding them to rest in time. D．By covering up their mental problems
10．What does the underlined word “supplementary” in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Essential. B．Traditional. C．Controversial. D．Additional.
11．What is the text mainly about?
A．An urban setting of restoring energy.
B．The positive role of nature in treating depression.
C．The popularity of using multiple ways to treat diseases.
D．An effective replacement of clinical therapy for depression.
【答案】8．D9．B10．D11．B
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述抑郁症的一种新的疗法——自然疗法，在治疗抑郁方面的积极作
用。但同时也告诫人们，它只是一种辅助疗法，抑郁患者必须接受正规的医疗。
8．推理判断题。根据第一段的“Having a range of treatment choices is a good idea because no single treatment
works equally well for each of millions of sufferers. Choosing the most suitable treatment is important to them.”
（有大量的治疗选择是一个好的想法，因为没有一种单一的治疗方法对数百万的患者都同样有效。选择最
适合的治疗方法对他们来说很重要。）可推知，抑郁的治疗方法要为不同的病人量身定制。故选 D。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段的“A little exposure to nature helps all of us get our energy back, and it may have
special benefit for those who are depressed.”（接触一下大自然有助于我们恢复精力，对于那些有抑郁的人可能
有特别的好处。）可知，大自然会让有抑郁的人感到精力充沛。故选 B。
10．词义猜测题。根据第二段的““We're not arguing that interacting with nature should replace clinically proven
treatments for depression,” he says, “Nor should those with clinical depression try to treat themselves.””（“我们不
是说和大自然的互动应该取代那些已经证明对抑郁有效的临床治疗，并且临床抑郁患者也不应该尝试自我
治疗。”）结合下文 however 表转折可知，划线部分所在句子意为：但是，Berman 和其他人说，与自然的互
动可以作为一种有效的辅助治疗。即划线词意为“辅助的，附加的”，与 additional 同义。故选 D。
11．主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第三段的“A little exposure to nature helps all of us get our energy
back, and it may have special benefit for those who are depressed.”（接触一下大自然有助于我们恢复精力，对于
那些有抑郁的人可能有特别的好处。）和最后一段的“Berman says, “In a natural environment, we can choose to
think or not, and this choice is believed to help us rest our brains. You can then pay attention later, when you need
to.” He adds, “It gives people more ability to concentrate, which is a big problem for those with
depression.””（Berman 说：“在一个自然的环境中，我们可以选择思考或者不思考，这种选择被认为有助于
休息我们的大脑。然后你可以在需要集中的时候，集中精神”他补充说到“它让人们更能集中注意力，这对那
些抑郁患者来说是一个大问题。”）可知，文章主要讲述抑郁症的一种新的疗法——自然疗法，在治疗抑郁
方面的积极作用。故选 B 项。
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) included on December
17, 2020 China's Tai Chi on the Representative List of the Intangible（无形的）Cultural Heritage of Humanity. The
decision was announced during the online meeting of the UNESCO Intergovernmental Committee for the
Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage held from December 14 to 19 in Kingston, capital of Jamaica.
“Born in the mid-17th century in a small village named Chenjiagou located in Central China's Henan province,
Tai Chi is not only a kind of traditional Wushu integrated with slow movements and deep breathing, but is also
deeply rooted in many areas of Chinese culture, such as medicine and philosophy,”Zhu Xianghua says, who is the
son of the famous Tai Chi master Zhu Tiancai.
Although it has spread to more than 150 countries and regions, attracting more than 100 million people to
practice, the idea that Tai Chi is for the elderly has stopped many young people practicing the ancient Wushu. They
think of it as a slow exercise, which is specially made and better suited for their grandparents. Instead, many young
people are turning to the Indian practice of yoga（瑜伽）to relieve stress, which was placed on the UNESCO's List
in 2019.
In order to promote Tai Chi, joint efforts have been made from individuals and the Chinese government in the
last decades. Xi'an Jiaotong University requires students to learn Tai Chi. Wang Yunbing, a professor in the
university's sports center, stressed that Tai Chi is not only good physical exercise-researchers from the American
College of Rheumatology find that it can help manage several diseases but is also conned ted to ancient Chinese
eivilization. Since 2014, the World Tai Chi Championships have been held every two years by the International
Wushu Federation. It provides a platform for communication and learning between the Tai Chi masters and Tai Chi
lovers around the globe. In January 2020, Tai Chi became an official event in the 2026 Dakar Youth Olympic
Games.
12．What does Zhu Xianghua say about Tai Chi in paragraph 2?
A．It originated from fast Kung Fu action. B．It was born around the 1750s in a village.
C．It is related to other cultural fields of China. D．It integrates Chinese medicine and western philosophy.
13．Why do some young people choose to practice yoga instead of Tai Chi?
A．They think it easier to practice yoga to keep fit.
B．The elderly stop young people practicing Tai Chi.
C．They consider Tai Chi is custom-built for old people.
D．Yoga was included in the world culture earlier than Tai Chi.
14．What is the main purpose of the last paragraph?
A．To promote contemporary Chinese civilization.
B．To show many efforts made to popularize Tai Chi.
C．To stress the importance of Chinese Tai Chi masters.
D．To advise people to practise Tai Chi to cure diseases.
15． Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A．Tai Chi Steps on the UNESCO's List. B．Tai Chi is Competing against Yoga.
C．Tai Chi Has Regained populate Globally. D．Opinions Greatly Differ on Tai Chi and Yoga.
【答案】12．C13．C14．B15．A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了联合国教科文卫组织将中国的太极拳列入非物质文化遗产的名录中。
同时文章还介绍了个人和组织如何推广太极拳的。
12．推理判断题。根据文章第二段““Born in the mid-17th century in a small village named Chenjiagou located in
Central China's Henan province, Tai Chi is not only a kind of traditional Wushu integrated with slow movements
and deep breathing, but is also deeply rooted in many areas of Chinese culture, such as medicine and
philosophy,”Zhu Xianghua says, who is the son of the famous Tai Chi master Zhu Tiancai.”（“太极拳诞生于 17 世
纪中叶，位于中国中部河南省一个名叫陈家沟的小村庄里，它不仅是一种融合了缓慢动作和深呼吸的传统
武术，而且还深深植根于中国文化的许多领域。 “例如医学和哲学。”朱香华说，他是著名的太极拳大师朱
天才的儿子。）可知，太极拳和中国文化的其他领域相互结合。故选 C 项。
13．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Although it has spread to more than 150 countries and regions, attracting more
than 100 million people to practice, the idea that Tai Chi is for the elderly has stopped many young people
practicing the ancient Wushu. They think of it as a slow exercise, which is specially made and better suited for their
grandparents.”（尽管太极拳已经传播到 150 多个国家和地区，吸引了 1 亿多人练习，但是太极拳是为老年人
而设计的，这使许多年轻人停止了练习古老的武术。 他们认为这是一种慢运动，它是特制的，更适合其祖
父母。）可知，很多年轻人误认为太极拳只适合老年人练习，故而转身去练习瑜伽。故选 C 项。
14．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“In order to promote Tai Chi, joint efforts have been made from individuals
and the Chinese government in the last decades. Xi'an Jiaotong University requires students to learn Tai Chi. Wang
Yunbing, a professor in the university's sports center, stressed that Tai Chi is not only good physical
exercise-researchers from the American College of Rheumatology find that it can help manage several diseases but
is also conned ted to ancient Chinese eivilization. Since 2014, the World Tai Chi Championships have been held
every two years by the International Wushu Federation. It provides a platform for communication and learning
between the Tai Chi masters and Tai Chi lovers around the globe. In January 2020, Tai Chi became an official event
in the 2026 Dakar Youth Olympic Games.”（为了推广太极拳，在过去的几十年里，个人和中国政府共同努力。
西安交通大学要求学生学习太极。该校体育中心教授王云冰强调，太极不仅是一种很好的体育锻炼——美
国风湿病学会的研究人员发现，太极拳有助于控制多种疾病，而且与中国古代文明息息相关。自 2014 年以
来，世界太极锦标赛每两年由国际武术联合会举办一次。它为全球太极大师和太极爱好者提供了一个交流
和学习的平台。2020 年 1 月，太极拳成为 2026 年达喀尔青年奥运会的正式比赛项目。）可知，文章在最后
一段介绍了个人和组织为推广太极而做出的努力。故选 B 项。
15．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
(UNESCO) included on December 17, 2020 China's Tai Chi on the Representative List of the Intangible (无形的)
Cultural Heritage of Humanity. The decision was announced during the online meeting of the UNESCO
Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage held from December 14 to
19 in Kingston, capital of Jamaica.”（联合国教育，科学及文化组织（UNESCO）于 2020 年 12 月 17 日将中国
的太极拳列入人类无形的文化遗产代表作名录。 这项决定是在 12 月 14 日至 19 日在牙买加首都金斯敦举
行的联合国教科文组织保护非物质文化遗产政府间委员会在线会议上宣布的。）和后文对太极拳的介绍可
知，本文主要讲述联合国教科文卫组织将中国的太极拳列入非物质文化遗产保护名录。A 项符合题意。故
选 A 项。
阅读【广东省梅州市 2021 届高三总复习质检试卷（一模）】
This year, most people have probably spent more of 2020 canceling travel plans than booking them, but
it’s not too late to reverse that trend. Here are some vacations you can plan this fall.
Road trip to a local farm
Visiting a farm is “number one” travel pick right now. Price plays a big role in that suggestion. Apple picking,
for example, is usually very affordable, with some orchards (果园) offering products by the pound, for $1 or $2,
and others offering a flat fee for an all-you-can fill bag for about $30.
Visit a national park
There are 421 national parks in the U.S., so odds are you’ve got one in driving range. If you’re up for a
challenge, you can climb the Half Dome in Yosemite or race down the great sand dunes in Colorado. The parks are
also affordable. An annual pass, which guarantees entry to every park for an entire family, is just $80.
Plan a camping trip
It doesn’t cost much more than camping. Most states have dozens of drive-in camp sites, while you can also
find cabins in the $50-$100 per night range. There’s no shortage of activities, either — whether it’s fishing, hiking,
biking or just perfecting your camping recipe.
Rent an RV (露营车，房车)
RVs are a prime option for a cheap vacation. Using an RV for a vacation means you’re paying for your
transportation and lodging all in one. Also, considering that some two-person RVs can go for as little as $175-$200
per night, you can easily find yourself traveling around the country without breaking the bank.
1．Which vacation would a thrill seeker most probably choose?
A．Road trip to a local farm. B．Visit a national park.
C．Plan a camping trip. D．Rent an RV.
2．What do the vacations have in common?
A．Wallet-friendly. B．Environment-friendly.
C．Family-friendly. D．User-friendly.
3．What’s the unique advantage of renting RVs?
A．It makes your vacation adventurous.
B．It offers free trips around the world.
C．You can kill two birds with one stone.
D．You may have someone to keep you company.
【答案】1．B2．A3．C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了非常省钱的四个度假计划。
1．细节理解题。根据 Visit a national park 部分中的“If you’re up for a challenge, you can climb the Half Dome in
Yosemite or race down the great sand dunes in Colorado.”可知，如果你准备迎接挑战，你可以去爬约塞米蒂国
家公园的半圆山，或者冲下科罗拉多的沙丘。由此可知，寻求刺激的人最可能选择参观国家公园。故选 B。
2．细节理解题。根据文章中对四个度假计划中的“affordable; cheap; It doesn’t cost much more than camping.”
可知，这四个度假计划都不贵，而 Wallet-friendly 的意思就是省钱。故选 A。
3．细节理解题。根据 Rent an RV 部分中的“Using an RV for a vacation means you're paying for your
transportation and lodging all in one.”可知，用房车度假意味着付一次款可以同时解决交通与住宿两个问题，
而 kill two birds with one stone 意思是“一箭双雕”，符合题意。故选 C。
【广东省梅州市 2021 届高三总复习质检试卷（一模）】
To walk is to be human. We' re the only creature that gets around by standing up and putting one foot in front
of the other. In the more than 4 million years that humanity' s ancestors have been u-sing only two legs for walking,
our ability to walk upright has allowed humankind to travel great distances and survive changing climates,
environments and landscapes.
But walking is more than just transportation. It also happens to be really good for us. Countless scientific
studies have found that this simple act can provide a number of health benefits and help people live longer. In fact,
a walking routine-if done properly-might be the only exercise people need.
How much walking should one aim for? You’ve likely heard we need 10,000 steps a day. That’s about 5 miles.
But contrary to popular belief, this recommendation doesn’t come from science. Instead, it stems from a 1960s
advertising campaign to promote a pedometer(计步器)in Japan. Perhaps because it's a round number and easy to
remember, it stuck.
Since the 1960s, researchers have studied the 10,000 - steps - a - day standard and have turned up mixed
results. Although 10,000 steps is certainly a healthy and worthwhile goal, it’s not a one - size - fits - all
recommendation.
For instance, a recent Harvard University study involving more than 16,000 senior women found that those
who got at least 4,400 steps a day greatly reduced their risk of dying early when compared with less active women.
The study also noted that these benefits continued up to 7, 500 steps before leveling off. This 7,500 mark isn't
surprising: It’s in line with common public health recommendations, such as the Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention’s recommendation of 150 minutes of moderate (适度的) physical activity a week for adults.
Research has shown that picking up the pace might be a good idea, too-fast enough to raise your heart rate,
even if just for a short burst.335
4．Which statement will the author believe?
A．Walking 10000 steps a day fits us all who lack exercise.
B．Walking is the only exercise that unhealthy people need.
C．To be healthy, walking great distances is strongly suggested
D．The benefits of walking depend on frequency, intensity and duration
5．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．A walking routine B．A round number
C．The popular belief D．The pedometer Ads.
6．How much walking should one aim for according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention?
A．4,400 steps a day. B．7,500 steps a day.
C．10,000 steps a day. D．150 minutes a day.
7．What is the best title of the passage?
A．The Only Exercise You Need-Walking
B．10,000 - Step Goal Is More Marketing Than Science
C．Walking Is One Of The Best Exercises For Health
D．Walk Often, Walk Fast And Walk Long
【答案】4．D5．C6．B7．B
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章推翻了每天一万步的普遍认识，提出了新的研究结果。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Research has shown that picking up the pace might be a good idea, too-fast enough
to raise your heart rate, even if just for a short burst.”（研究表明，加快步伐可能是一个好主意，速度快到足以
提高你的心率，即使只是短暂的爆发。）可知，步行的好处取决于频率、强度和持续时间。故选 D。
5．词句猜测题。根据第三段第二句“You’ve likely heard we need 10,000 steps a day. ”（你可能听说过我们每天
需要走一万步。）可知，人们普遍认为我们每天需要走一万步。根据第三段第五句和第六句“Instead, it stems
from a 1960s advertising campaign to promote a pedometer(计步器)in Japan. Perhaps because it's a round number
and easy to remember, it stuck.”（相反，它源于上世纪 60 年代日本为推广一种计步器而进行的
广告宣传活动。也许是因为它是一个整数，而且容易记住，所以就固定下来了。）可知，此处 it 指的就是我
们每天需要走一万步这样一种普遍认知。故选 C。
6．细节理解题。根据倒第二段最后一句“This 7,500 mark isn't surprising: It’s in line with common public health
recommendations, such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s recommendation of 150 minutes of
moderate (适度的) physical activity a week for adults.”（7500 步并不奇怪：这与常见的公共健康建议是一致的，
比如美国疾病控制与预防中心建议成年人每周进行 150 分钟的适度运动。）可知，美国疾病控制与预防中心
认为每天 7500 步应该是步行目标。故选 B。
7．主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句“To walk is to be human. ”（走路就是做人。）可知，第一段是讲走路是人
类的标志。根据第二段前两句“But walking is more than just transportation. It also happens to be really good for
us.”（但是步行不仅仅是交通工具。这对我们也有好处。）可知，第二段是讲步行对我们有好处。根据第三
段第三句“But contrary to popular belief, this recommendation doesn’t come from science. ”（但与普遍看法相反，
这个建议并非出自科学。）和第四句“Instead, it stems from a 1960s advertising campaign to promote a
pedometer(计步器)in Japan. Perhaps because it's a round number and easy to remember, it stuck.”（相反，它源于
上世纪 60 年代日本为推广一种计步器而进行的广告宣传活动。也许是因为它是一个整数，而且容易记住，
所以就固定下来了。）可知，第三段是讲每天一万步不是出自科学，而是源于一种市场宣传行为。根据第四
段第二句“Although 10,000 steps is certainly a healthy and worthwhile goal, it’s not a one - size - fits - all
recommendation. ”（虽然一万步确实是一个健康且有价值的目标，但它并不是一个适合所有人的建议。）可
知，第四段是讲每天一万步并不适合所有人。根据第五段第二句“The study also noted that these benefits
continued up to 7, 500 steps before leveling off. ”（该研究还指出，这些益处持续到 7500 步后才会趋于平稳。）
可知，7500 步是适度的锻炼强度。根据最后一段“Research has shown that picking up the pace might be a good
idea, too-fast enough to raise your heart rate, even if just for a short burst.”（研究表明，加快步伐可能是一个好主
意，速度快到足以提高你的心率，即使只是短暂的爆发。）可知，研究发现了一个增强锻炼的好主意。所以
文章主要是推翻每天一万步的普遍认识， “一万步目标更多的是营销，而不是科学”最适合作文章标题。故
选 B。
The first thing we notice about new people are their faces. The next time we see these people, we
remember them because we remember their faces. This seems like a simple process. However, scientists found that
it is not such a simple process. The section of the brain that is responsible for face recognition seems to work
differently for different people. Some people have great difficulty remembering and recognizing faces, while others
almost never forget a face.
Normal babies are born with a natural ability to recognize faces. In fact, their face recognition abilities are
much better than their parents. Babies are highly skilled at face recognition at six months. But by nine months, they
lose this skill, By nine months, a baby’s face-recognition skills are about the same as an adult’s.
Unfortunately, some people are not born with this ability to recognize faces. The part of the brain that is
responsible for face recognition doesn’t work for them. This condition is called face blindness. People with very
severe face blindness cannot even recognize their own faces. In fact, people with this condition can sometimes be
frightened when they look in the mirror. They don’t recognize their own face, so for a second they are startled when
they see this unfamiliar face.
Face blindness is not always severe. Scientists believe up to 10 percent of the population may be affected by
face blindness to some degree, yet many people with mild face blindness might not even know they have it. They
have no reason to know they are different from anyone else until someone points it out. This is similar to people
with color blindness.
Colorblind people can’t see the difference between certain colors such as red and green, until someone tells
them that green and red are two different colors.
There is no cure for face blindness. So for the time being. people with face blindness need to find simple
techniques to compensate for their problem. They can try to recognize people by their hairstyle, their voice, or their
glasses. Hopefully, in the future as scientists learn more about this condition, they will find a cure.
8．The first paragraph is mainly about ____________.
A．the way to improve one’s face-recognition skills
B．the fact that some people have face-recognition problems
C．the simple process of the brain to recognize others’ faces
D．the importance of face recognition in human communication
9．When do people have the keen skills of face-recognition?
A．At birth. B．In adolescence.
C．Half a year old. D．Nine months old.
10．The bold word “startled” in the 3rd paragraph is closes in meaning to _______________.
A．confused B．surprised
C．excited D．depressed
11．What does the author think of the problem of face blindness?
A．People need to take it seriously. B．It affects a great number of people.
C．It can be cured in the near future. D．Certain techniques can make up for it.
【答案】8．B9．C10．B11．D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了面部识别方面的有关知识以及有些人存在面部识别的问题。
8．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Some people have great difficulty remembering and recognizing faces, while
others almost never forget a face.”（有些人很难记住和辨认面孔，而另一些人几乎永远不会忘记面孔。）可知，
第一段主要想说明，事实上，有些人有面部识别问题。故选 B 项。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Babies are highly skilled at face recognition at six months.”（六个月大的婴儿面
部识别能力很强。）可知人们在半周岁时具备敏锐的面部识别技能。故选 C 项。
10．词句猜测题。根据第三段中“People with very severe face blindness cannot even recognize their own faces. In
fact, people with this condition can sometimes be frightened when they look in the mirror.”（严重的脸盲症患者甚
至不能认出自己的脸。事实上，有这种情况的人有时候在照镜子的时候会感到惊恐）可知，一些脸盲症患
者不认识自己的脸，照镜子都会害怕，再根据“They don’t recognize their own face,”（他们不认识自己的脸）
可知，他们因为不认识自己的脸，所以看到一张陌生的面孔时会感到惊恐，startled 应和 frightened“受惊的”
接近，选项中 surprised 与之词义最为接近。故选 B 项。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“There is no cure for face blindness. So for the time being. people with face
blindness need to find simple techniques to compensate for their problem. They can try to recognize people by their
hairstyle, their voice, or their glasses. Hopefully, in the future as scientists learn more about this condition, they will
find a cure.”（ 脸盲症没有治疗方法。所以目前来说。脸盲症患者需要找到简单的技术来弥补他们的问题。
他们可以尝试通过发型、声音或眼镜来识别人。）可知，某些技术可以弥补脸盲症患者的问题。故选 D 项。
Ms. Blake wanted to leave the San Francisco Bay Area. Her parents had bought a house on a large plot of
land near a gateway to Yosemite National Park. Benjamin could stay with them while she worked at a supermarket
in town. He could run around in the hills. What she hadn’t quite accounted for, though, is how the hills are
becoming hotter, drier and more dangerous.
A year after they moved came the first of an annual series of wildfires, and an asthma diagnosis (哮喘诊断)
for Benjamin. One year, they had to leave from their home for a few days. Another year, they bought
air-conditioners so they could keep the windows shut when the air got thick and smoky. This year, just as it seemed
like Benjamin’s asthma was relieving, came the Creek Fire in the hills nearby. The air turned white with smoke.
The boy had what appeared to be a mild asthma attack.
Ms. Blake struggles to explain to him why he can't be outside exploring. She worries when he goes to school.
She wonders how much longer the family will be able to insure their home if rates climb higher — and what they’ll
do if insurance becomes unavailable at any price. “It seems every year there’s some major fire,” Ms. Blake said.
“We're smoked out. It's hard to breathe. It's always a worry that you' re going to have to flee or you1 re going to
lose your home.” She said she had spent in the neighborhood of $1,000 this year to equip her home. “To protect my
son of course I’m going to do that,” she said. “But it' s fundamentally unfair.”
12．What can be learned from Paragraph 1-2?
A．Benjamin likes living in San Francisco Bay Area
B．Benjamin didn’t have an asthma before moving.
C．Ms. Blake stayed with her son while working.
D．Ms. Blake could explain how the hills are becoming drier.
13．Why did Ms. Blake buy air-conditioners?
A．To help cure Benjamin’s asthma.
B．To keep the air cool in hot summer.
C．To keep the air drier in the house.
D．To keep the windows shut when necessary.
14．What is the direct factor to Benjamin’s asthma?
A．Some dry brush and dead trees caused fire.
B．Series of wildfires attacked his living area.
C．The weather became hotter and drier.
D．The air got thick and smoky in the San Francisco Bay Area.
15．How did Ms. Blake feel about the series of wildfires?
A．Anxious and angry.
B．Concerned and confused.
C．Unconcerned and uninterested.
D．Positive and hopeful.
【答案】12．B13．D14．B15．A
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。布莱克小姐一家饱受居住地附近山火的困扰，她的儿子患上了哮喘。布莱克小
姐对此感到焦虑和愤怒。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“A year after they moved came the first of an annual series of wildfires, and
an asthma diagnosis (哮喘诊断) for Benjamin.(搬家一年后，本杰明遭遇了一系列山火中的第一场，并被诊断
出患有哮喘)”可知，本杰明在搬家前没有哮喘病。故选 B。
13．细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“Another year, they bought air - conditioners so they could keep the windows
shut when the air got thick and smoky.(又有一年，他们买了空调，这样当空气变得浓重和烟雾弥漫时，他们就
可以把窗户关上)”可知，布莱克小姐买空调是为了必要时关好窗户。故选 D。
14．推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“What she hadn’t quite accounted for, though, is how the hills are becoming
hotter, drier and more dangerous.(然而，她没有完全解释的是，这些山丘是如何变得更热、更干燥和更危险的)”
和第二段后三句“This year, just as it seemed like Benjamin’s asthma was relieving, came the Creek
Fire in the hills nearby. The air turned white with smoke. The boy had what appeared to be a mild asthma attack.(今
年，就在本杰明的哮喘似乎得到缓解的时候，附近山上的小溪起火了。空气被烟熏白了。这个男孩似乎有
轻微的哮喘发作)”可知，一连串的山火袭击了他的居住区域是本杰明哮喘的直接原因。故选 B。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段第四句和第五句““It seems every year there’s some major fire,” Ms. Blake said.
“We're smoked out. It's hard to breathe. It's always a worry that you' re going to have to flee or you1 re going to
lose your home.”(“似乎每年都有一些重大火灾，”布莱克说。“我们熏出来。呼吸困难。人们总是担心你会不
得不逃离或者失去你的家)”可知，布莱克小姐感到焦虑，根据最后一段最后一句“But it' s fundamentally unfair.
(但这根本不公平)”可知，她很愤怒。故选 A。
阅读【河北省保定市 2020-2021 学年高三上学期期末】
Senior Epidemiologist
Employer: Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA)
Location: Weybridge, Surrey
Salary: £ 37,987-£43,520 per year
Major: Life Sciences, Animal Health, Epidemiology (流行病学)
Hours: Full time
At the APHA we look after animal and plant health for the benefit of people, the environment and the economy.
Our Department of Epidemiological Science is at the heart of some of our most important work. As a Senior
Epidemiologist, you’ll provide epidemiological advice on animal health policy.
Joining us at an important moment, you will enjoy a chance to have a real influence. Supporting requirements
arising from the planned exit of UK from the European Union, you will provide epidemiological evidence of
disease status to support international trade in UK livestock (家畜) and animal food products. We will rely on you
to lead and contribute to epidemiological research to support current business needs. Your responsibilities will
range from conducting descriptive analyses on large and complex datasets to leading evaluation. You’ll also help us
make preparations for foreign animal disease outbreaks.
To join our team, you’ll need a postgraduate qualification or a PhD in an epidemiology topic. You have to
show an excellent understanding of the principles of livestock production systems in Britain. Experience of
applying epidemiology to animal disease surveillance (监督) design, control and evaluation is essential. You have
designed and conducted epidemiological studies and used software such as Stata or SAS to carry out a
multivariable analysis. Importantly, you are a team player with excellent communication and relationship-building
skills.
Apply now!
21．What can you do if you join the APHA?
A．Earn over £4,000 per month. B．Work at any time as you like.
C．Make animal health policy. D．Take on APHA’S most important work.
22．What are you required to do as a senior epidemiologist?
A．Provide evidence of people’s health. B．Design ways to test animal food products.
C．Help prevent animal disease outbreaks. D．Lead research on international trade.
23．What is a must for the applicants?
A．A doctor’s degree in epidemiology. B．Experience of applying epidemiology.
C．An excellent understanding of British laws. D．The ability to work independently.
【答案】21．D22．C23．B
【解析】这是一篇应用文。APHA 要招聘一名高级流行病学家。文章就工作职责、薪酬、申请要求等方面
做了介绍和说明。
21．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的“Our Department of Epidemiological Science is at the heart of some of our
most important work. As a Senior Epidemiologist, you’ll provide epidemiological advice on animal health policy.
（我们的流行病学系是我们一些最重要工作的核心。作为一名高级流行病学家，你将提供有关动物卫生政
策的流行病学建议。）”可知，作为一名高级流行病学家，你在该系工作，当然承担地是 APHA 中一些最重
要的工作。故选 D。
22．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“You’ll also help us make preparations for foreign animal disease outbreaks
（你还会帮助我们应对外国动物疾病爆发做准备）”可知，作为高级流行病学家，你帮忙预防动物疾病的爆
发。故选 C。
23．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Experience of applying epidemiology to animal disease surveillance (监
督) design, control and evaluation is essential（必须具备将流行病学应用于动物疾病监测设计、控制和评估的
经验）”可知，对于申请者而言，你必须具备应用流行病学的经验。故选 B。
Gautam Shah had spent 20 years working in IT—and his whole life caring about nature. He saw advances
in conservation that got mentioned only in science journals, “but the story lines within that data are amazing;
they’re fascinating,” Shah says. ‘They’re absolutely things that can engage an audience. ”
Eager to use his techie skills for wildlife conservation, Shah—a National Geographic explorer—founded a
game company called Internet of Elephants in 2016. The Kenya-based start-up designs digital experiences to tell
real conservation stories based on real data. One example: Wildeverse, an improved reality mobile app like
Pokemon Go, launched in April 2020. In the game, players can “track” apes (类人猿) by collecting environmental
samples such as fruit and animal waste. Rather than putting lots of high-tech tricks in a game, Shah says, the
company prioritizes (优先) telling an interesting, true story through whatever technology is best suited to it.
Shah believes that gaming has a unique ability to connect audiences with wildlife in a deep, personal way that
will show much concern and advocacy. His goal is for Internet of Elephants to reach more than 50 million people
by 2027.
Hopefully, he says, “we can create an entire industry where creating games and these types of digital
experiences about wildlife conservation becomes as common things as creating a wildlife documentary. ”
24．We can learn from paragraph 1 that Gautam Shah ________.
A．has got a creative idea of doing something interesting
B．has found some amazing data in science journals
C．thought science journals should be amazing
D．had devoted his life to IT industry
25．Why did Gautam Shah found the game company?
A．To improve reality mobile apps.
B．To win more than 500 million online players.
C．To collect money for a wildlife conservation project.
D．To use digital experiences to promote wildlife protection.
26．What can the players do through the app Wildeverse?
A．Play high-tech tricks in the game.
B．Tell interesting, true stories about animals.
C．Find apes by following their movements.
D．Have “conversations” with many animals like apes.
27．Which of the following words can best describe Gautam Shah?
A．Considerate and ambitious. B．Creative and responsible.
C．Caring and tolerant D．Curious and generous.
【答案】24．A25．D26．C27．B
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。Gautam Shah 通过创建公司让人们能够通过数字体验来体验动物保护，从而促进
动物保护事业。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句“but the story lines within that data are amazing; they’re fascinating”（但
是数据中的故事情节是惊人的;他们是迷人的）和“They’re absolutely things that can engage an audience.”（它
们绝对是能够吸引观众的东西。）可知，Gautam Shah 想到不仅仅在科学杂志上刊登关于环境保护的内容，
因为这很有趣。所以 Gautam Shah 有了做有趣事情的创意。故选 A。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Eager to use his techie skills for wildlife conservation”（渴望用他的技术
保护野生动物）和第二句“The Kenya-based start-up designs digital experiences to tell real conservation stories
based on real data. ”（这家总部位于肯尼亚的初创公司设计数字体验，以真实数据为基础讲述真实的动物保
护故事。）可知，Gautam Shah 创立这家游戏公司是为了利用数字体验促进野生动物保护。故选
D。
26．细节理解题。根据第二段倒第二句In the game, players can “track” apes (类人猿) by collecting environmental
samples such as fruit and animal waste. （在游戏中，玩家可以通过收集水果和动物粪便等环境样本来“追踪”
猿类。）可知，通过应用 wilddeverse 玩家可以通过追踪猿类的活动来找到它们。故选 C。
27．推理判断题。Gautam Shah 通过创建公司让人们能够通过数字体验来体验动物保护，所以他很有创造力。
Gautam Shah 致力于动物保护，所以他很有责任心。故选 B。
【河北省保定市 2020-2021 学年高三上学期期末】
For many white-collar workers around the world, the recent pandemic has meant having to work from home.
Their usual office location has been out of bounds . This means different working practices, which have advantages
and disadvantages for employees. But the big question is, “Will they ever see their offices again?”
Home working has made people realize what tasks they can perform at home, rather than enduring a commute
to the office to do the same thing. It has given them more time with the family; they’ve been sleeping better and
have saved money by not travelling or buying lunches on the go . And recent research suggests the majority of
people working from home are just as productive.
For some people, this could be a permanent arrangement. In the UK, fifty of the biggest employers questioned
by BBC, have said they have no plans to return all staff to the office full-time in the near future. Of course, one
main reason is that firms couldn’t see a way of accommodating large numbers of staff while social distancing
regulations were still in place. But BBC also heard from some smaller businesses who are deciding to abandon their
offices altogether. Other bigger companies are also looking at shutting offices to save money as many jobs can be
performed remotely. Peter Cheese, head of the Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development, told BBC:
“We’re at a moment of real change in the world of work, driven by big existential crises. ”
But this isn’t great news for everyone. Some employees can feel isolated at home, and there’s less opportunity
to network or learn from other people, especially if they’re a new recruit . Also, city centers may suffer most from a
change in working habits. Shops and cafes rely on the footfall of office workers, and without them, they face
closure. The future is still uncertain, which is why tt may be too early to say where our desks will be permanently
located. But the office of the future may be your home.
28．What does the underlined phrase “a commute to the office” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．The journey to and back from the office.
B．The distance between the office partners.
C．A communication from the office.
D．A call at the office.
29．According to the text, which is NOT the benefit of working from home?
A．More time to accompany the family.
B．Less money on lunches on the go .
C．A better sleep.
D．Higher efficiency.
30．What can we infer from paragraph 3?
A．Half employers will tire their staff.
B．Large numbers of staff will leave office.
C．Some employees won’t see their offices again.
D．Firms couldn’t deal with social distancing regulations.
31．What could be the best title for this text?
A．Does Working From Home Benefit a Lot?
B．Will Offices Disappear in the Future?
C．The Usual Office Location Has Been out of Bounds
D．Different Working Practices Have Advantages and Disadvantages
【答案】28．A29．D30．C31．B
【解析】这是一篇议论文。在各国经历新冠肺炎疫情期间，有许多人都居家办公。雇主和雇员们都意识到，
也许未来人们不再需要办公室。本文讨论办公室的终结是否会来到，以及这为什么对于人们来说是几家欢
喜几家愁。
28．短语猜测题。根据下文“It has given them more time with the family; they’ve been sleeping better and have
saved money by not travelling or buying lunches on the go .”（这让他们有更多的时间和家人在一起；他们睡得
更好了，而且不用出门旅行或在路上买午餐来省钱。）可推断，在家工作使人们意识到他们可以在家里完成
任务而不必忍受往返办公室的通勤就能做同样的事情。故 a commute to the office 是指“往返于办公室的旅
程”。故选 A。
29．推理判断题。根据第二段倒第二句“It has given them more time with the family; they’ve been sleeping better
and have saved money by not travelling or buying lunches on the go .”（这让他们有更多的时间和家人在一起；
他们睡得更好了，而且不用出门旅行或在路上买午餐来省钱。）可知，选项 A、B、C 都是在家工作的好处。
根据第二段最后一句“And recent research suggests the majority of people working from home are just as
productive.”（最近的研究表明，大多数在家工作的人也同样高效。）可知，文章是指在家工作和在办公室工
作一样高效，而不是更加高效。故选 D。
30．推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“For some people, this could be a permanent arrangement. ”（对一些人来
说，这可能是一种永久的安排。）可知，this 是指上文提到的“working from home”，结合下文“In the UK, fifty
of the biggest employers questioned by BBC, have said they have no plans to return all staff to the office full-time
in the near future. ”（在英国，英国广播公司调查的 50 家最大的雇主表示，他们近期没有计划让所有员工全
职回到办公室工作。）以及“But BBC also heard from some smaller businesses who are deciding to abandon their
offices altogether. Other bigger companies are also looking at shutting offices to save money as many jobs can be
performed remotely.(但 BBC 也听到一些较小的企业决定完全放弃他们的办公室。其他更大的公司也在考虑
关闭办公室，以节省资金，因为许多工作都可以远程完成。) ”可推断，有些员工再也见不到自己的办公室
了。故选 C。
31．主旨大意题。第一段最后一句 But the big question is, “Will they ever see their offices again?”（但最大的问
题是，“他们还能再见到自己的办公室吗?”）提出了文章的论点“员工是否还会回办公室办公”，下文进行了
讨论，在最后一段最后两句“The future is still uncertain, which is why it may be too early to say where our desks
will be permanently located. But the office of the future may be your home.”（未来仍不确定，这就
是为什么现在说我们的办公桌将永久放在哪里可能还为时过早。未来的办公室可能是你的家。），可推断，
作者认为办公室是否会消失尚不能定论。所以选项 B（办公室会在未来消失吗?）是最好的标题。故选 B。
A US government study has found that facial recognition technology is getting better at identifying
people wearing masks. The study is part of an ongoing research by the US National Institute of Standards and
Technology (NIST). The agency has examined the effectiveness of more than 150 facial recognition systems on
people wearing face coverings . The systems are powered by machine learning algorithms (算法).
The first results of the study were announced in July, as health officials across the world urged people to wear
masks to limit the spread of COVID-19. New findings were released this week . Police agencies have long used
facial recognition technology to search for and help catch criminals. It can also be used to unlock phones or other
electronic devices. Some robots use facial recognition technology to recognize the people they are communicating
with. However, the wide use of masks in public has created major difficulties for such systems.
The study looked at facial recognition systems already in use before the pandemic. It also looked at systems
specially developed to work on masked faces. The NIST said it processed a total of 6. 2 million images for the
experiment People in the images were not actually wearing masks. So, the researchers digitally added different
mask shapes to faces in the pictures for use in the study. In some cases, up to 70 percent of a person’s face was
covered in the images. Overall, the research shows the top-performing facial recognition systems fail to correctly
identify unmasked individuals about 0. 3 percent of the time and the failure rate rose to about 5 percent with
masked images. Many of the lower performing algorithms, however, had much higher error rates with masked
images — as high as 20 to 50 percent.
In the latest findings, researchers included results from 65 new facial recognition systems that have been
developed since the start of the pandemic. “Some of these systems performed “significantly better” than the earlier
ones，” Mei Ngan, a lead researcher on the project, said in a statement. The study also found round-shaped masks
— which cover only the mouth and nose — led to fewer errors than wider ones that stretch across the cheeks. The
new study also ran tests to see whether different colored masks would affect error rates. The team used red, white,
black and light blue. The research findings suggested that generally, the red and black masks led to higher failure
rates than the other colors.
32．How does the author mainly present the study finding?
A．By giving definitions and examples.
B．By giving examples and a brief description.
C．By presenting data and making a comparison.
D．By giving definitions and presenting data.
33．According to the study, what has affected the effectiveness of facial recognition?
A．The speed of the machine learning algorithms.
B．The operators’skill in performing algorithms.
C．The number of the tested people.
D．The diversity of face coverings.
34．Who is the most difficult to recognize?
A．A girl wearing a white round-shaped mask.
B．A lady with a red mask stretching across her cheeks.
C．A man wearing a light blue mask covering his mouth and nose.
D．A man wearing a black mask with his nose and mouth covered up .
35．What is the author’s attitude towards the facial recognition systems?
A．Objective B．Negative
C．Uncaring. D．Doubtful.
【答案】32．C33．D34．B35．A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。美国政府的一项研究发现，面部识别技术在识别戴口罩的人方面正变得越来越
好。
32．推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句“Overall, the research shows the top-performing facial recognition systems
fail to correctly identify unmasked individuals about 0. 3 percent of the time and the failure rate rose to about 5
percent with masked images. Many of the lower performing algorithms, however, had much higher
error rates with masked images — as high as 20 to 50 percent.”（总的来说，研究表明，表现最好的面部识别系
统不能正确地识别出大约 0. 3%个未被蒙面的人。而在使用蒙面图像的情况下，失败率上升到 5%左右。然
而，许多表现较差的算法，对蒙面图像的错误率要高得多——高达 20%到 50%。）可知，作者主要通过提供
数据和对比的方式来呈现研究结果。故选 C。
33．细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第三句“The new study also ran tests to see whether different colored masks
would affect error rates. ”（这项新研究还进行了测试，看不同颜色的口罩是否会影响错误率。）和倒数第四句
“The study also found round-shaped masks — which cover only the mouth and nose — led to fewer
errors than wider ones that stretch across the cheeks.”（研究还发现，圆形口罩(只覆盖嘴和鼻子)比宽口罩(覆盖
脸颊)产生的错误要少。）可知，口罩的多样性影响面部识别的有效性。故选 D。
34．推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“The research findings suggested that generally, the red and black masks
led to higher failure rates than the other colors.”（研究结果表明，一般来说，红色和黑色面具比其他颜色的面
具失败率更高。）和倒数第四句“The study also found round-shaped masks — which cover only the
mouth and nose — led to fewer errors than wider ones that stretch across the cheeks.”（研究还发现，圆形口罩(只
覆盖嘴和鼻子)比宽口罩(覆盖脸颊)产生的错误要少。）可知，一位戴着红色宽口罩的女士会最难识别。故选
B。
35．推理判断题。全文只是介绍了对人脸识别系统的研究，并没有表达作者的个人观点，所以作者对人脸
识别系统持客观态度。故选 A。
阅读【河北省石家庄市 2021 届高三年级第一次质检】
We love food and drink. We love to celebrate the good stuff and criticize the bad. This is our take on the
top three food cultures and destinations. It’s time to find out once and for all, which cuisine is king as you plan
where you’ll travel next:
No. 3 France
You can spend an entire two-week vacation exploring combinations of wines and cheeses around the country.
Yum
Escargot — credit the French for turning garden-dwelling pests into a delicacy.
Massive respect for making them taste amazing too.
Baguette — the first and last thing that you’ll want to eat in France. The first bite is superb; the last will be full
of longing.
Dumb
Foie gras — it tastes like 10,000 ducks roasted in butter then reduced to a velvet pudding.
No. 2 China
The people who greet each other with “Have you eaten yet?” are arguably the most food-obsessed in the world.
The Chinese almost cook and sell anything, and they also make it taste great.
Yum
Sweet and sour pork — a guilty pleasure that has taken on different forms.
Dim sum — a grand tradition from Hong Kong to New York. The best to start a day as breakfast.
Dumb
Shark’s fin soup — calling for Chinese restaurants to ban the dish has been a goal of green campaigners in
recent years.
No. 1 Italy
Italian food has enslaved taste-buds around the globe for centuries, with its tomato sauces, and those clever
things they do with wheat flour and desserts .
Yum
Pizza —simple yet satisfying dish. Staple diet of bachelors and college students. Coffee — cappuccino is for
breakfast? Forget it. We want it all day and all night.
Dumb
Buffalo mozzarella — those balls of water buffalo milk. The flavor’s so subtle you have to imagine it.
1．Which food would you not try as an environmentalist?
A．Shark’s fin soup B．Foie gras
C．Sweet and sour pork D．Escargot
2．Which will be the best choice for hungry students in Italy?
A．Pizza B．Coffee C．Buffalo mozzarella D．Desserts
3．Which will be the best breakfast?
A．Cappuccino B．Baguette C．Cheese D．Dim sum
【答案】1．A2．A3．D
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了法国、中国和意大利的一些特色食物。
1．细节理解题。根据 No. 2 China 部分中“Shark’s fin soup — calling for Chinese restaurants to ban the dish has
been a goal of green campaigners in recent years.(鱼翅汤——呼吁中国餐馆禁止这道菜一直是环保人士近年来
的目标)”可知，作为一个环保主义者，你不会尝试鱼翅汤。故选 A。
2．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Pizza —simple yet satisfying dish. Staple diet of bachelors and college
students.(披萨——简单却令人满意的菜肴。单身汉和大学生的主食)”可知，披萨是意大利饥饿学生的最佳选
择。故选 A。
3．细节理解题。根据 No. 2 China 部分中“Dim sum — a grand tradition from Hong Kong to New York. The best
to start a day as breakfast.( Dim sum—从香港传入纽约最棒的传统。开始一天最好的早餐)”可知，Dim sum 是
最好的早餐。故选 D。
That was how the adventures began. It was the sort of house that you never seem to come to the end of,
and it was full of unexpected places. The first few doors they tried led only into spare bedrooms, as everyone had
expected that they would; but soon they came to a very long room full of pictures; and after that was a room all
hung with green, with a harp in one corner; and then a kind of little upstairs hall and a door that led out on to a
balcony. And shortly after that they looked into a room that was quite empty except for one big wardrobe, the sort
that has a looking-glass in the door.
“Nothing there!” Everybody rushed out but Lucy stayed because she thought it would be worthwhile trying the
door of the wardrobe, even though she felt almost sure that it would be locked. To her surprise, it opened quite
easily, and two mothballs dropped out.
Looking into the inside, she saw several coats hanging up---mostly long fur coats. There was nothing Lucy
liked so much as the smell and feel of fur. She immediately stepped into the wardrobe and got in among the coats
and rubbed her face against them, leaving the door open, of course, because she knew that it is very foolish to shut
oneself into any wardrobe... She took a step further in---then two or three steps, always expecting to feel woodwork
against the tips of her fingers. But she could not feel it.
“This must be a simply vast wardrobe!” thought Lucy, going still further in. Then she noticed that there was
something crunching under her feet. “Is that more mothball?” she thought, stooping down to feel it with her hand.
But instead of feeling the hard, smooth wood, she felt something soft and powdery and extremely cold. “This is
very queer,” she said, and went on a step or two further.
... And then she saw that there was a light ahead of her; ... A moment later she found that she was standing in
the middle of a wood at night-time with snow under her feet and snowflakes falling through the air.
4．What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A．The discovery of mysterious rooms.
B．The complex structures of the house.
C．The unexpected search of the house.
D．The adventurous exploration in a house.
5．Why didn’t Lucy go out of the room?
A．She wanted to explore the wardrobe.
B．She found her favourite fur coats.
C．She was attracted by mothballs.
D．She liked the smell of the room.
6．What can we infer about Lucy from the third paragraph?
A．Careful and cowardly. B．Cautious and curious.
C．Foolish but brave. D．Adventurous but casual.
7．What does the underlined word “queer” mean?
A．Terrifying. B．Empty. C．Strange. D．Impressive.
【答案】4．B5．A6．B7．C
【解析】本文是记叙文。文章节选自《狮子，女巫和魔衣柜》。讲述露西在一个结构复杂的房间里的探险经
历。
4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“That was how the adventures began. It was the sort of house that you never seem to
come to the end of, and it was full of unexpected places. The first few doors they tried led only into spare bedrooms,
as everyone had expected that they would; but soon they came to a very long room full of pictures; and after that
was a room all hung with green, with a harp in one corner; and then a kind of little upstairs hall and a door that led
out on to a balcony. And shortly after that they looked into a room that was quite empty except for one big
wardrobe, the sort that has a looking-glass in the door. (一场奇遇就是这样开始的。这所住宅，你似乎永远也走
不到它的尽头，里边全都是意科不到的地方。他们先试着打开了几扇门，原来是几间无人居住的空房间，
这是大家事先预料到的。接下来，他们进了一个非常狭长的房间，墙上挂满了画，他们还在屋内发现了一
副盔甲。然后，他们又进了另一个房间，里面全是绿色的装饰物，只是在角落里放着一把竖琴。这以后，
来到楼上的一间小厅，小厅有一扇门通向外面的阳台。不久以后，他们走进另一个空荡荡的房间，里面放
着一只很大很大的衣橱，橱门上镶着镜子)”可知，第一段主要描写了房子的复杂结构。故选 B。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段“Everybody rushed out but Lucy stayed because she thought it would be worthwhile
trying the door of the wardrobe, even though she felt almost sure that it would be locked.( 大家都跟着走出去了，
只有露茜一个人留在后面，她想试试把那个大衣橱打开，尽管她儿乎肯定衣橱的门是锁着的)”可知，露西没
有走出房间是因为她想探索那个大衣橱。故选 A。
6．推理判断题。根据第三段的“of course, because she knew that it is very foolish to shut oneself into any
wardrobe... She took a step further in---then two or three steps, always expecting to feel woodwork against the tips
of her fingers. But she could not feel it. ( 当然喽，她让橱门开在那儿，因为她知道，一个人把自己关在衣橱里
是非常愚蠢的。她向前又跨了一步，接着两步，三步，想用手指尖摸到木头的橱壁，但她始终没能摸到)”
可推断，露西是谨慎并好奇的。故选 B。
7．词句猜测题。根据上文“Then she noticed that there was something crunching under her feet. “Is that more
mothball?” she thought, stooping down to feel it with her hand. But instead of feeling the hard, smooth wood, she
felt something soft and powdery and extremely cold.( 这时，她感到脚底下有什么东西在吱嘎吱哽作响。我难道
踩到了樟脑丸？她想，一边蹲下身来用手去摸。然而她摸到的不是坚硬而又光滑的木头橱底，而是一样柔
软的、粉末似的、冰冷的东西)”可知，露西在衣橱里摸到的不是橱子底，而是柔软的，粉末状的，冰冷的东
西，因此推断她会感到奇怪，故划线词词义与 C 项（奇怪的）意思相近。故选 C。
Stories are shared in many ways. They are described in books and magazines. They are read around the
campfire at night. They are randomly distributed from stand-alone booths. But what else?
To revive literature in the era of fast news and smartphone addiction, Short Edition, a French publisher of
short-form literature, has set up more than 30 story dispensers（分发机）in the USA in the past years to deliver
fiction at the push of a button at restaurants, universities and government offices.
Francis Ford Coppola, the film director and winemaker, liked the idea so much that he invested in the
company and placed a dispenser at his Cafe Zoetrope in San Francisco. Last month, public libraries in some other
cities announced they would be setting them up, too. There is one on the campus at Penn State. A few can be found
in downtown West Palm Beach, Fla. And Short Edition plans to announce more, including at the Los Angeles
International Airport.
“Everything old is new again,” said Andrew Nurkin, director of the Free Library of Philadelphia, which is one
of the libraries that set up the dispensers. “We want people to be easily exposed to literature. We want to advance
literacy among children and inspire their creativity.”
Here’s how a dispenser works. It has three buttons on top indicating choices for stories that can be read in one
minute, three minutes or five minutes. When a button is pushed, a short story is printed.
The stories are free. They are chosen from a computer category of more than 100,000 original submissions by
writers whose works have been evaluated by Short Edition’s judges, and transmitted over a mobile network.
Offerings can be tailored to specific interests, like children’s fiction or romance. Short Edition gets stories for its
category by holding writing contests.
Short Edition set up its first booth in 2016 and has 150 machines worldwide. “The idea is to make people
happy,” said Kristan Leroy, director of Short Edition. “There is too much unhappiness today. ”
8．What do we know about the stories sent by dispensers?
A．They are easily read.
B．They are short in form.
C．They can be bought from booths.
D．They can be found in magazines.
9．Which paragraph shows the popularity of story dispensers in America?
A．Paragraph 3. B．Paragraph 5.
C．Paragraph 6. D．Paragraph 7.
10．Why were the story dispensers set up according to Andrew Nurkin?
A．To introduce French literature.
B．To get rid of smartphone addiction.
C．To make people have access to literature.
D．To reduce the financial stress of libraries.
11．What is the best title for the text?
A．Everything Old Is New
B．Online Reading: a Virtual Tour
C．Short Edition Is Getting Popular
D．Taste of Literature, at the Push of a Button
【答案】8．B9．A10．C11．D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了为了能够在快新闻时代和手机成瘾时代复兴文学，法国文学出
版商 Short Edition 过去几年在美国设立了 30 多家故事机。
8．细节理解题。根据第五段“It has three buttons on top indicating choices for stories that can be read in one minute,
three minutes or five minutes.”（它顶部有三个按钮，指示可以在一分钟、三分钟或五分钟内读完的故事。）可
知，故事分发器发送的故事都很短。故选 B 项。
9．推理判断题。根据第三段“There is one …West Palm Beach, Fla. And Short Edition plans to announce more,
including at the Los Angeles International Airport.”（在佛罗里达州西棕榈滩的市中心可以找到一些。Short
Edition 计划宣布更多消息，包括在洛杉矶国际机场。）可知，故事分发器在美国很受欢迎。故选 A 项。
10．细节理解题。根据第四段“We want people to be easily exposed to literature. We want to advance literacy
among children and inspire their creativity.”（我们希望人们能容易地接触文学。我们希望提高儿童的读写能力，
激发他们的创造力。）可知，设置故事分发器的主要目的是使人们有机会接触文学。故选 C 项。
11．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Stories are shared in many ways. They are described in books and magazines.”（故
事可以通过多种方式共享。它们在书籍和杂志中都有描述。）可知，文章介绍的是有关阅读的话题。第二段
Short Edition…to deliver fiction at the push of a button at restaurants, universities and government offices.可知，法
国文学出版商 Short Edition 过去几年在美国设立了 30 多家故事分发机。在餐厅，大学，政府办公室只需要
按一下按钮既可以阅读小说。因此推断 D 项“轻按一下按钮，即可品味文学作品”为最佳标题。故选 D 项。
Do you think you’re smarter than your parents and grandparents? According to James Flynn, a professor
at a New Zealand university, you are! Over the course of the last century, people who have taken IQ tests have
gotten increasingly better scores---on average, three points better for every decade that has passed. This
improvement is known as “the Flynn effect”, and scientists want to know what is behind it.
IQ tests and other similar tests are designed to measure general intelligence rather than knowledge. Flynn
knew that intelligence is partly inherited from our parents and partly the result of our environment and experiences,
but the improvement in test scores was happening too quickly to be explained by heredity. So what was happening
in the 20th century that was helping people achieve higher scores on intelligence tests?
Scientists have proposed several explanations for the Flynn effect. Some suggest that the improved test scores
simply reflect an increased exposure to tests in general. Because we take so many tests, we learn test-taking
techniques that help us perform better on any test. Others have pointed to better nutrition since it results in babies
being born larger, healthier, and with more brain development than in the past. Another possible explanation is a
change in educational styles, with teachers encouraging children to learn by discovering things for themselves
rather than just memorizing information. This could prepare people to do the kind of problem solving that
intelligence tests require.
Flynn limited the possible explanations when he looked carefully at the test data and discovered that the
improvement in scores was only on certain parts of the IQ test. Test-takers didn’t do better on the arithmetic or
vocabulary sections of the test; they did better on sections that required a special kind of reasoning and problem
solving. For example, one part of the test shows a set of abstract shapes, and test-takers must look for patterns and
connections between them and decide which shape should be added to the set. According to Flynn, this visual
intelligence improves as the amount of technology in our lives increases. Every time you play a computer game or
figure out how to program a new cell phone, you are exercising exactly the kind of thinking and problem solving
that helps you do well on one kind of intelligence test. So are you really smarter than your parents? In one very
specific way, you may be.
12．The Flynn effect is ______.
A．not connected to our experiences
B．unknown in some parts of the world
C．an increase in IQ test scores over time
D．used to measure people’s intelligence
13．According to the article, newer educational techniques include __ .
A．improving test scores
B．exposure to many tests
C．memorizing information
D．children finding things out themselves
14．Why does the author mention computer games?
A．To encourage the reader to do more exercise instead of playing games.
B．To explain why more and more young people have poor vocabularies.
C．To give an example of technology improving our visual intelligence.
D．To show the fact that young people are not getting more intelligent.
15．Which statement would Professor Flynn agree with?
A．People today are taking easier tests.
B．People today have more visual intelligence.
C．People today have fewer problems to solve.
D．People today are more intelligent in every way.
【答案】12．C13．D14．C15．B
【解析】这是一篇说明文。你可能比你的父母和祖父母更聪明。文章主要讲了“弗林效应”，解释了为什么人
类智力水平会提高的原因。
12．细节理解题。第一段“people who have taken IQ tests have gotten increasingly better scores---on average, three
points better for every decade that has passed. This improvement is known as “the Flynn effect”.”（参加智商测试
的人得分越来越高-平均而言，每过十年，得分就会提高 3 分。这种提高被称为弗林效应）可知，“弗林效应”
指代智商测试分数的不断提高。故选 C 项。
13．细节理解题。第三段“Another possible… teachers encouraging children to learn by discovering things for
themselves rather than just memorizing information.”（另一个可能的解释是教育方式的改变，教师鼓励孩子们
通过发现自己的东西而不仅仅是记住信息来学习。）可知，新的教育方式是要孩子自己去发现，而不是只记
忆信息。故选 D 项。
14．细节理解题。最后一段“Every time you play a computer game …and problem solving that helps you do well
on one kind of intelligence test.”（你玩电脑游戏或弄清楚如何为新手机编程时，您都在行使一种思维和解决
问题的能力，可以帮助您在一种智力测验中表现出色。）可知，作者认为，玩电脑游戏会帮助人们在自制力
测试中得高分，从而增强 visual intelligence 的作用，故选 C 项。
15．推理判断题。最后一段“According to Flynn, this visual intelligence improves as the amount of technology in
our lives increases.”（根据弗林的说法，随着我们生活中技术含量的提高，这种视觉智能也会提高。）可知，
现如今人们有更多的视觉智力。A，C 项未提及，D 项说法不正确。故选 B 项。
阅读【河北省唐山市 2021 届高考一模】
The Oxford English Dictionary is available by subscription（订阅）to institutions and individuals. We are
pleased to offer annual individual OED subscriptions at a reduced rate of $90 in the US （usually $295） or $122
for the Rest of the World （usually $294） until May 31,2021.
Individuals
An individual subscription to the OED Online offers unlimited access to more than 1,000 years of the English
language. To subscribe online and take advantage of our offer, please visit our personal subscription shop and use
the promotional code OED90.
Details about individual OED subscriptions:
•Available for personal use only.
•A single user name and password that must not be shared.
•Users must sign in each time they wish to access the service.
•Users can access the service from any computer.
Love the OED, but can't commit to a full year subscription? You can also enjoy access to the OED online on a
monthly basis at a low rate of $29.
* Monthly and annual subscriptions are available to individuals by prepaid subscription for personal use only.
Institutions
Librarians can contact local Sales Rep for sales and pricing queries （询问）and to discuss their content
development needs, or register for a free institutional trial.
For more information, please contact our service team Monday-Friday, 9a.m.-5p.m..
Tel: 1 800 334 4249 ext 6484
Fax: 1 212 726 6476
Email: oxfdrdonline@oup.com
1．How much can an annual subscriber in the U.S. save now?
A．$J22. B．$172. C．$205. D．$ 295.
2．Which is required for an individual subscriber?
A．Paying in advance for a year."
B．Using a fixed computer to log on.
C．Changing the passwords regularly.
D．Signing in each time to access the service.
3．What is available only to institutional subscribers?
A．A free trial.
B．A low price.
C．A promotional code.
D．7/24 customer service.
【答案】1．C2．D3．A
【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了《牛津英语词典》的最新信息和订阅的要求。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“We are pleased to offer annual individual OED subscriptions at a reduced rate of $90
in the US （usually $295） or $122 for the Rest of the World （usually $294） until May 31,2021.”（我们很高
兴在 2021 年 5 月 31 日前提供年度个人 OED 订阅，在美国为$90(通常为$295)，在世界其他地方为$122(通
常为$294)。）可知，美国的年订户现在能省 295-90=205 元。故选 C 项。
2．细节理解题。根据 Details about individual OED subscriptions:下的第三个黑点“Users must sign in each time
they wish to access the service.”（用户每次想要访问服务时都必须登录。）可知，访问服务每次登录是必须的。
故选 D 项。
3．细节理解题。根据 Institutions 下面一段“Librarians can contact local Sales Rep for sales and pricing queries
（询问）and to discuss their content development needs, or register for a free institutional trial.”（图书馆员可以联
系当地的销售代表进行销售和定价查询，并讨论他们的内容开发需求，或者注册一个免费的机构试用。）可
知，机构用户可以有一个免费的试用。故选 A 项。
【河北省唐山市 2021 届高考一模】
Jose Hernandez made his dream of becoming an astronaut a reality and he did so despite unbelievable
difficulties.
“I was working in a field near Stockton, and I heard on my radio that Franklin Chang-Diaz had been selected
for the Astronaut Corps," said Jose, who was a senior in high school at the timed was already interested in science
and engineering, Jose remembered, "but that was the moment I said, "I want to fly in space.' "
As one of four children in a migrant （移 民）farming family from Mexico, Jose - who didn't learn English
until he was 12 years old - spent much of his childhood traveling with his family from Mexico to southern
California each March, then working northward to the Stockton area by November, picking strawberries and
cucumbers at farms along the route. They would then return to Mexico for Christmas and start the cycle all over
again in the spring. "Some kids might think it would be fun to travel like that,“ Jose laughed, "but we had to work”.
After graduating from high school, Jose was admitted into the University of the Pacific, In 1987, he accepted a
full-time job with Lawrence National Laboratory. In 2001, Jose joined the Johnson Space Center, where he came
face-to-face with Franklin Chang-Diaz.
“We actually had common experiences — a similar upbringing, the same language issues. That built up my
confidence. Any barriers that existed, he had already overcome them.” Jose smiled. "Now it's my tum!,,
“NASA rejected me not once, not twice, not three times but 11 times. It wasn't until the 12th time that I got
selected, he said. Jose was selected as part of the 19th class of astronauts in 2004. He circled the globe 217 times
but remains a down to Earth guy.
Jose Hernandez received the 2016 National Hispanic Hero Award and he continues his long history in the field
of engineering and space.
4．What made Jose determined to be an astronaut?
A．The influence of Astronaut Corps.
B．The success of Franklin Chang-Diaz.
C．His interest in science and engineering.
D．The experience of working in the field.
5．What can we learn about Jose as a child?
A．He did much farm work. B．He travelled a lot for fun.
C．He hated learning English. D．He obeyed his family in everything.
6．How did Jose feel when he met Franklin Chang-Diaz personally?
A．Inspired. B．Valued. C．Relaxed. D．Puzzled.
7．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Climb over Barriers B．Reach for the Stars
C．Work the Hard Way D．Learn from Your Past
【答案】4．B5．A6．A7．B
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了 Jose Hernandez 克服了难以置信的困难，实现了他成为宇航员的
梦想的故事。
4．细节理解题。根据文章第二段““I was working in a field near Stockton, and I heard on my radio that Franklin
Chang-Diaz had been selected for the Astronaut Corps," said Jose, who was a senior in high school at the timed was
already interested in science and engineering, Jose remembered, "but that was the moment I said, "I want to fly in
space.' "”（“我在斯托克顿附近工作,我听到收音机,Franklin Chang-Diaz 宇航员队选中,”Jose 说,Jose 在高中时
已经对科学和工程感兴趣，Jose 记得,“但就在那一刻,我说：“我想在太空中飞行。”）可知，是 Franklin
Chang-Diaz 的成功让 Jose 决心成为一名宇航员。故选 B 项。
5．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“As one of four children in a migrant（移民）farming family from Mexico, Jose
- who didn't learn English until he was 12 years old - spent much of his childhood traveling with his family from
Mexico to southern California each March, then working northward to the Stockton area by November, picking
strawberries and cucumbers at farms along the route.”（四个孩子之一来自墨西哥的移民农民家庭,Jose——直到
12 岁才学习英语,他童年的大部分时间和家人每年三月从墨西哥到南加州旅行，然后 11 月到斯托克顿地区
向北工作，在沿线的农场摘草莓和黄瓜。）可知，Jose 在童年时做了很多农活。故选 A 项。
6．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段“We actually had common experiences — a similar upbringing, the same
language issues. That built up my confidence.”（我们实际上有共同的经历——相似的成长经历，同样的语言问
题。这让我树立了信心。）可推断，当 Jose 亲自见到 Franklin Chang-Diaz 时，他被激励了。故选 A 项。
7．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Jose Hernandez made his dream of becoming an astronaut a reality and he did so
despite unbelievable difficulties.”（Jose Hernandez 克服了难以置信的困难，实现了他成为宇航员的梦想。）及
全文内容可知，文章讲述了 Jose Hernandez 克服了难以置信的困难，实现了他成为宇航员的梦想的故事。
所以“Reach for the Stars(伸手去够星星)”作为文章标题最为合适，Reach for 代表了“Jose Hernandez 的努力”；
the Stars 代表了“Jose Hernandez 的宇航员的梦想”。故选 B 项。
California bums every year. But among a record-breaking heatwave, 2020 is the worst burning year yet.
As of the September 2020, more than 7,600 fires burned over 2.5m acres of land. The season ran for more than
several months.
That fits a long-term trend, for California's wild fires are getting steadily worse. Large fires in the 2010s
burned 6.8m acres on average, up from 3.3m acres in the 1990s. The fire season in 2020 lasted nearly three months
longer than it did in the 1970s. Over the past decade, the state has spent an average of $3.7bn a year fighting fires.
Add the cost of rebuilding, treating victims and restoration, and that is perhaps a tenth of the total cost.
The reason is a double blow of climate change and development. More homes are being built next to forests,
in what experts call the "wild-land-urban interface" (WUI). A 2018 study estimated that roughly a third of
American homes were in the WUL Pricey housing has pushed people in California onto cheaper land close to the
wilderness. At the same time, climate change is lengthening the dry season, which stores up fuel for fires. In
California, a “huge drought" -- in which dry years become more common and wet ones scarcer (稀少)-- is making
matters even worse.
Since neither trend shows much sign of turning around, people on America's west coast will have to learn to
co-exist with more and more frequent fires. It’s not that different to building on an earthquake active region," says
Max Moritz, a wildfire expert at the University of California at Santa Barbara. He suggests that houses should be
built near water or open agricultural lands, which can offer a useful barrier.
8．How does the second paragraph develop?
A．By giving examples.
B．By analyzing causes.
C．By providing statistics.
D．By following time order.
9．Why are more houses being built next to forests?
A．People can get closer to nature.
B．California advocates forest development.
C．Low-income people can't afford urban houses.
D．Climate change has made the dry season longer.
10．What does Max Moritz imply?
A．Life is hopeless for people on America's west coast.
B．Great potential danger goes with the houses in WUL
C．Wildfire experts should study where to build houses.
D．People should live away from earthquake active regions.
11．What is the author's purpose in writing the text?
A．To instruct. B．To warn. C．To persuade. D．To inform.
【答案】8．C9．C10．B11．D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了 2020 年美国加州的火灾严重的现象，原因以及措施。
8．推理判断题。根据第二段“Large fires in the 2010s burned 6.8m acres on average, up from 3.3m acres in the
1990s. The fire season in 2020 lasted nearly three months longer than it did in the 1970s. Over the past decade, the
state has spent an average of $3.7bn a year fighting fires. Add the cost of rebuilding, treating victims and restoration,
and that is perhaps a tenth of the total cost.”（2010 年代的大型火灾平均烧毁了 680 万英亩，比 1990 年代的 330
万英亩有所增加。2020 年的火灾季节比上世纪 70 年代持续了近 3 个月。在过去 10 年里，该州每年平均花
费 37 亿美元救火。加上重建、治疗受害者和恢复的费用，这可能只占总费用的十分之一。）可推断，第二
段是通过提供数据展开的。故选 C 项。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段“A 2018 study estimated that roughly a third of American homes were in the WUL
Pricey housing has pushed people in California onto cheaper land close to the wilderness.”（2018 年的一项研究估
计，大约三分之一的美国家庭居住在伍尔。昂贵的住房迫使加州人搬到靠近荒野的廉价土地上。）可知，低
收入人群买不起城市住房是越来越多的房子建在森林旁边的原因。故选 C 项。
10．推理判断题。根据最后一段“He suggests that houses should be built near water or open agricultural lands,
which can offer a useful barrier.”（他建议房屋应该建在水边或开阔的农田附近，这可以提供有用的屏障。）可
推断，乌尔的房屋有潜在风险。故选 B 项。
11．推理判断题。根据第一段“California bums every year. But among a record-breaking heatwave, 2020 is the
worst burning year yet. As of the September 2020, more than 7,600 fires burned over 2.5m acres of land. The
season ran for more than several months.”（每年都有加州流浪汉。但在破纪录的热浪中，2020 年是迄今为止
最严重的一年。截至 2020 年 9 月，7600 多起火灾烧毁了 250 万英亩土地。这一季持续了好几个月。）和最
后一段“Since neither trend shows much sign of turning around, people on America's west coast will have to learn
to co-exist with more and more frequent fires.(由于这两种趋势都没有好转的迹象，美国西海岸的人们将不得不
学会与越来越频繁的火灾共存。)”可推断，本文的目的是告诉人们 2020 年美国加州的火灾严重的现象，原
因以及措施。故选 D 项。
【河北省唐山市 2021 届高考一模】
Teens who have good, supportive relationships with their teachers enjoy better health as adults, according to
research published by an American research center.
“This research suggests that improving students' relationships with teachers could have positive and
long-lasting effects beyond just academic success," said Jinho Kim, a professor at Korea University and author of
the study. "It could also bring about health implications in the long run.”
Previous research has suggested that teens' social relationships might be linked to health outcomes in
adulthood. However, it is not clear whether the link between teen relationships and lifetime health is causal （因果
的）-it could be that other factors, such as different family backgrounds, might contribute to both relationship
problems in adolescence and to poor health in adulthood. Also, most research has focused on teens' relationships
with their peers （同龄人）, rather than on their relationships with teachers.
To explore those questions further, Kim analyzed data on nearly 20,000 participants from the Add Health study,
a national study in the U.S. that followed participants from seventh grade into early adulthood. The participant pool
included more than 3,400 pairs of siblings（兄弟姐妹）. As teens, participants answered questions, like “How often
have you had trouble getting along with other students and your teachers?" As adults, participants were asked about
their physical and mental health.
Kim found that participants who had reported better relationships with both their peers and teachers in middle
and high school also reported better physical and mental health in their mid-20s. However, when he controlled for
family background by looking at pairs of siblings together, only the link between good teacher relationships and
adult health remained significant.
The results suggest teacher relationships are more important than previously realized and that schools should
invest in training teachers on how to build warm and supportive relationships with their students. "This is not
something that most teachers receive much training in," Kim said, “but it should be.”
12．What does the underlined word “implications" in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A．Recipes. B．Habits. C．Benefits. D．Risks.
13．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?
A．Poor health in adolescence.
B．Limitations of the previous research.
C．Teens' relationships with their peers.
D．Factors affecting health in adulthood.
14．What does Kim's research show?
A．Good adult health depends on teens' good teachers.
B．Good family background promises long-term adult health.
C．Healthy peer relationships leads to students' academic success.
D．Positive student-teacher relationship helps students' adult health.
15．Where does this text probably come from?
A．A health magazine. B．A medical report.
C．A term paper. D．A family survey.
【答案】12．C13．B14．D15．A
【解析】本文是说明文。文章介绍根据美国研究中心发表的一项研究，与老师有良好的支持性关系的青少
年成年后健康状况更好。
12．词义猜测题。根据第二段“‘This research suggests that improving students' relationships with teachers could
have positive and long-lasting effects beyond just academic success," said Jinho Kim, a professor at Korea
University and author of the study. "It could also bring about health implications in the long run.’”（该研究的作者、
高丽大学教授 Jinho Kim 说:“这项研究表明，改善学生与老师的关系除了学业上的成功之外，还能产生积极
而持久的影响。”“从长远来看，它还会对健康产生影响）得知，此处说的是提升与老师关系融洽对学生健康
有益，由此可知画线词词义为“益处”，故选 C。
13．主旨大意题。根据第三段“However, it is not clear whether the link between teen relationships and lifetime
health is causal （因果的）-it could be that other factors, such as different family backgrounds, might contribute to
both relationship problems in adolescence and to poor health in adulthood.”（然而,目前尚不清楚是否青少年人际
关系和终身健康之间的联系是因果的)——可能是其他因素,如不同的家庭背景,可能导致关系问题在青春期
和成年健康状况不佳）得知，第三段主要在说先前研究的局限性，故选 B。
14．细节理解题。根据第五段“Kim found that participants who had reported better relationships with both their
peers and teachers in middle and high school also reported better physical and mental health in their mid-20s.”
（Kim 发现，那些在初中和高中与同龄人和老师关系都较好的参与者，在他们 25 岁左右的时候，身体和心
理健康状况也较好）得知，积极的师生关系帮助学生成年时健康，故选 D。
15．推理判断题。根据第二段“Teens who have good, supportive relationships with their teachers enjoy better
health as adults, according to research published by an American research center.”（根据美国研究中心发表的一项
研究，与老师有良好的支持性关系的青少年成年后健康状况更好）得知，关于学生身心健康的研究可能来
自健康杂志，故选 A。
阅读【湖北省七市（州）教科研协作体 2021 届高三 3 月联考】
Who we are
The United Nations is an international organization founded in 1945 and committed to maintaining
international peace and security; developing friendly relations among nations; promoting social progress, better
living standards and human rights.
The issues on our agenda are complicated and diverse, as are the careers we offer.
Management and Administration Network
Education: Business or Public Administration, Finance, Economics, Sociology, Social Work, Psychology,
Commerce, Law, or related fields.
Posting title: Executive office of the secretary-general
Duty station: New York
Posting period: 2 May 2021 - 30 June 2021
Political, Peace and Humanitarian Network
Education: Political Science, Law, International Relations, Public Administration, Business Administration,
Economics, or related fields.
Posting title: Intern — political affairs
Duty station: Vienna
Posting period: 17 October 2020 - 30 June 2021
Legal Network
Education: Law, Business Administration, International Relations, Political Science, Public Administration, or
related fields.
Posting title: Legal officer
Duty station: Montreal
Posting period: 14 December 2020 - 27 January 2021
Economic, Social and Development Network
Education: Economics, Statistics, Mathematics, Public Administration, Political Science, Business
Administration, Law, Public Finance, or related fields.
Posting title: Intern — environment affairs
Duty station: Incheon
Posting period: 2 October 2020 - 30 December 2021
1．What department will you join as a student of psychology?
A．Management and Administration Network.
B．Political, Peace and Humanitarian Network.
C．Legal Network.
D．Economic, Social and Development Network.
2．Which position will you apply for if you want to work in Vienna?
A．Executive office of the secretary-general.
B．Intern 一 political affairs.
C．Legal officer.
D．Intern 一 environment affairs.
3．Which position has the longest application period?
A．Executive office of the secretary-general.
B．Intern — political affairs.
C．Legal officer.
D．Intern - environment affairs.
【答案】1．A2．B3．D
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要是联合国的招聘广告。
1．细节理解题。根据 Management and Administration Network 部分的“Education: Business or Public
Administration, Finance, Economics, Sociology, Social Work, Psychology, Commerce, Law, or related fields.”（教
育:商业或公共管理，金融，经济学，社会学，社会工作，心理学，商业，法律或相关领域。）可知，作为心
理学专业的学生，将加入管理与行政网络。故选 A。
2．细节理解题。根据 Political, Peace and Humanitarian Network 部分的“Duty station: Vienna”（工作地点：维
也纳）和“Posting title: Intern — political affairs”（职位：实习生-政治事务）可知，想要在维也纳工作，需要
申请“Intern — political affairs”这个职位。故选 B。
3．细节理解题。根据文章内容可知，Executive office of the secretary-general 这个职位的申请时间为“2 May
2021 - 30 June 2021”（2021 年 5 月 2 日至 2021 年 6 月 30 日）；Intern — political affairs 这个职位申请的时间
为“17 October 2020 - 30 June 2021”（2020 年 10 月 17 日- 2021 年 6 月 30 日）；Legal officer 这个职位的申请
时间为“14 December 2020 - 27 January 2021”（2020 年 12 月 14 日至 2021 年 1 月 27 日）；Intern - environment
affairs 这个职位的申请时间是“2 October 2020 - 30 December 2021”（2020 年 10 月 2 日至 2021 年 12 月 30 日）。
由此可知，Intern - environment affairs 这个职位申请的时间最长。故选 D。
Giuseppe Paterno achieved the dream of a lifetime: He got a university degree when he was 97.
Mr. Paterno's graduation has inspired news coverage around the world, partly because of his age. Mr. Paterno
has seemed to get around the many difficulties he has faced in his lifetime. Studying had been his passion since he
was a small child, he said, “but unfortunately life betrayed me.”
Bom in Palermo in 1923, he was the first of seven children in a very poor family. His dad worked at a job on a
farm, and his mother took care of these children at home. Mr. Paterno began working soon after finishing primary
school. "The family was large, there was only one paycheck, we were under fascism (法西斯主义)，and times were
tough," he said. Eventually he ended up at a publishing house, where the boss persuaded his father to send him back
to school for a three-year vocational degree. Mr. Paterno then worked for an insurance agency while he took private
classes to become a telegraph operator. The job also opened doors to the State Railways company, where he worked
for more than four decades.
In 1951, with a wife and two small children at home, he earned a high school degree as a surveyor, which led
to an office job at State Railways. It was only after he retired, in the mid-1980s, that he returned to his books,
taking theology courses through the Archdiocese of Palermo after a chance meeting with a professor of history who
urged him to follow his passion.
Mr. Micari, the president of the University of Palermo, congratulated Mr. Paterno on finishing his degree with
a near-perfect grade point average. "A graduate at this age, who has all this passion, this enthusiasm, and this talent
is certainly an extraordinary spokesman for our university," Mr. Micari told reporters later.
4．What did Giuseppe Paterno do after primary school?
A．He took care of children at home.
B．He worked to support his family.
C．He helped his father with his work.
D．He managed a publishing house.
5．Which word best describes the boss of the publishing house?
A．Creative. B．Good-tempered.
C．Cautious. D．Far-sighted.
6．What made Giuseppe Paterno get an office job at State Railways?
A．Working for an insurance agency.
B．Taking private classes in telegraph.
C．Receiving his high school degree.
D．Working there for over forty years.
7．What message does the story convey?
A．It's never too late to learn.
B．Rome wasn't built in a day.
C．Education is the key to success.
D．Ups and downs make one strong.
【答案】4．B5．D6．C7．A
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章通过朱塞佩·帕特诺在 97 岁的高龄获得大学学位这件事告诉我们活到老，学
到老。
4．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Mr. Paterno began working soon after finishing primary school. "The family was
large, there was only one paycheck, we were under fascism (法西斯主义)，and times were tough," he said.”
（Paterno 先生小学毕业后不久就开始工作。他说:“家里有很多人，只有一份薪水，我们在法西斯统治下，
日子很艰难。”）可知，小学毕业以后，Giuseppe Paterno 工作来支持家庭。故选 B。
5．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Eventually he ended up at a publishing house, where the boss persuaded his
father to send him back to school for a three-year vocational degree.”（最终，他进入了一家出版社，在那里，老
板说服他的父亲送他回学校读一个 3 年的职业学位。）可推知，出版社的老板是有远见的。故选 D。
6．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Eventually he ended up at a publishing house, where the boss persuaded his
father to send him back to school for a three-year vocational degree. Mr. Paterno then worked for an insurance
agency while he took private classes to become a telegraph operator. The job also opened doors to the State
Railways company, where he worked for more than four decades.”（最终，他进入了一家出版社，在那里，老板
说服他的父亲送他回学校读一个 3 年的职业学位。帕特诺随后在一家保险公司工作，同时参加私人课程，
成为一名电报员。这份工作也为他打开了通往国营铁路公司的大门，他在那里工作了 40 多年。）可知，获
得高中学位后，朱塞佩·帕特诺(Giuseppe Paterno)在国家铁路公司得到了一份办公室工作。故选 C。
7．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Giuseppe Paterno achieved the dream of a lifetime: He got a university degree
when he was 97.”（朱塞佩·帕特诺实现了一生的梦想：他在 97 岁时获得了大学学位。）可知，文章通过朱塞
佩·帕特诺在 97 岁的高龄获得大学学位这件事告诉我们活到老，学到老。故选 A。
【湖北省七市（州）教科研协作体 2021 届高三 3 月联考】
Britain's streets are becoming increasingly crowded with throwaway facemasks and protective gloves, a
survey has found, as councils warn that they are battling with a mountain of personal protective equipment (PPE)
litter.
Four in ten councils have identified throwaway masks, gloves and other forms of PPE as a problem in their
area, and warned that it could pose an infection risk.
The District Councils' Network (DCN) represents 187 regional authorities, covering waste collection for 22
million people. “As well as being potentially dangerous for pets and wildlife, there is a risk that they could spread
infection,” it said. “The World Health Organization has warned that appropriate handling is essential to avoid any
increase in the spread of disease.”
Councils are already struggling with waste collection during the pandemic as residents are creating more
rubbish while spending longer periods at home. The DCN said some weeks this summer had been like “Christmas
collections", referring to the larger amounts of rubbish over the festive period.
Dan Humphreys, the DCN's chief for enhancing quality of life, said: “Facemasks, gloves and other forms of
PPE are designed to protect people but poor handling risks doing the opposite. We would remind residents to think
about how they deal with their waste.”
Scientists, however, have warned that even if masks are dealt with properly, 124,000 tons of single-use
facemasks could end up in landfill if people do not switch to reusable coverings.
8．What is DCN's attitude towards PPE litter?
A．Worried. B．Tolerant. C．Skeptical. D．Approving.
9．Why is “Christmas collections” mentioned in paragraph 4?
A．To recall the festival. B．To admire the atmosphere.
C．To advocate the collection. D．To criticize the phenomenon.
10．What can we infer from the scientists' warning?
A．It is better to produce multiple-use equipment. B．It is better to use reusable equipment.
C．More rubbish will be produced. D．More landfills will be built.
11．What is the text mainly about?
A．The benefits of wearing facemasks. B．The ways of dealing with rubbish.
C．The problem of handling PPE litter. D．The importance of protecting individuals.
【答案】8．A9．D10．B11．C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。一项调查发现，英国街道上的一次性口罩和防护手套越来越多，各地方政府警
告称，他们正在应对堆积如山的个人防护装备（PPE）垃圾。文章还说明了地方政府警告称这些东西会造成
感染风险，说明了相关组织和人员对此的看法。对此，科学家认为使用可重复使用的设备更好。
8．推理判断题。根据第三段中“The District Councils' Network (DCN) represents 187 regional authorities,
covering waste collection for 22 million people. “As well as being potentially dangerous for pets and wildlife, there
is a risk that they could spread infection,” it said. (地区议会网络(DCN)代表了 187 个地区当局，覆盖了 2200 万
人的垃圾收集。它说：“除了对宠物和野生动物有潜在危险外，它们还可能传播感染”)”可推知，DCN 对 PPE
垃圾持担忧态度。故选 A。
9．推理判断题。根据第四段“Councils are already struggling with waste collection during the pandemic as
residents are creating more rubbish while spending longer periods at home. The DCN said some weeks this summer
had been like “Christmas collections”, referring to the larger amounts of rubbish over the festive period.(在大流行
病期间，由于居民在家中待的时间越来越长，产生的垃圾越来越多，市政当局已经在努力处理垃圾收集问
题。DCN 表示，今年夏天的一些星期就像“圣诞节收集”，指的是节日期间大量的垃圾)”可推知，第 4 段提
到“圣诞收集”是为了批评这一现象。故选 D。
10．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Scientists, however, have warned that even if masks are dealt with properly,
124,000 tons of single-use facemasks could end up in landfill if people do not switch to reusable coverings.(然而，
科学家警告称，即使口罩得到妥善处理，如果人们不改用可重复使用的口罩，12.4 万吨一次性口罩最终可
能会被扔进垃圾堆)”故我们能从科学家的警告中推断出使用可重复使用的设备更好。故选 B。
11．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Britain's streets are becoming increasingly crowded with throwaway facemasks and
protective gloves, a survey has found, as councils warn that they are battling with a mountain of personal protective
equipment (PPE) litter.(一项调查发现，英国街道上的一次性口罩和防护手套越来越多，各地方政府警告称，
他们正在应对堆积如山的个人防护装备(PPE)垃圾)”结合文章还说明了地方政府警告称这些东西会造成感染
风险，说明了相关组织和人员对此的看法。对此，科学家认为使用可重复使用的设备更好。可知，文章的
主要内容是处理 PPE 垃圾的问题。故选 C。
A strong coffee after a poor night's sleep is the kick-start many people need in the morning but new
research suggests that it might be best to have a bite to eat first.
A study has found that drinking coffee first can have a negative effect on blood sugar control - a risk factor for
diabetes （糖尿病）and heart disease.
“We know that nearly half of us will wake in the morning and, before doing anything else, drink coffee ---
subjectively the more tired we feel, the stronger the coffee,“ said Professor James Betts, at the University of Bath in
the UK.
For their study, researchers at the University of Bath got 29 healthy men and women to take part in three
different overnight experiments, with at least a week between them.
In one, the participants had a normal night's sleep, roughly from 11 p.m. to 7 a.m., and were asked to consume
a sugary drink on waking in the morning. They then experienced an interrupted night's sleep, where the researchers
woke them every hour for five minutes by sending them text messages to which they had to respond — and upon
waking were given the same sugary drink.
On another night, participants experienced the same sleep interruption, but this time were first given a strong
black coffee 30 minutes before consuming the sugary drink.
They found that one night of interrupted sleep did not worsen the participants' blood sugar and insulin （胰
岛素）responses when compared to the normal night's sleep-- although previous research suggested that losing
many hours of sleep or many nights of poor sleep could have a negative effect. However, strong black coffee
consumed before breakfast actually increased the blood sugar response by around 50% — suggesting that relying
on coffee after a bad night to stop feeling sleepy could limit your body's ability to tolerate the sugar in your
breakfast.
12．What does the underlined word “kick-start" in paragraph 1 refer to?
A．A kind of sport. B．A kind of power.
C．A kind of medicine. D．A kind of belief.
13．What was unchanged in the three experiments?
A．The duration of sleep. B．The blood sugar response.
C．The sugary drink. D．The intake of coffee.
14．What increased the participants' blood sugar response most before breakfast?
A．A normal sugary drink.
B．A normal night's sleep.
C．An interrupted night's sleep.
D．A cup of strong black coffee.
15．How did researchers draw the conclusion?
A．By comparing the results.
B．By listing some examples.
C．By surveying the participants.
D．By referring to some documents.
【答案】12．B13．C14．D15．A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一项研究发现，先喝咖啡会对血糖控制产生负面影响，而血糖控制
是糖尿病和心脏病的风险因素之一。
12．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“A strong coffee after a poor night's sleep”（一夜没睡好之后，喝一杯浓咖
啡）可推知，kick-start 指的是在晚上没有睡好之后“一种提神的力量”。故选 B。
13．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“In one, …and were asked to consume a sugary drink on waking in the morning.
They then experienced an interrupted night's sleep… — and upon waking were given the same sugary drink.”（在一
项实验中，参与者在晚上大约 11 点到早上 7 点之间正常睡眠，并被要求在早上醒来时喝一杯含糖饮料。然
后，他们的睡眠被打断，研究人员每隔一小时就给他们发短信，让他们每隔 5 分钟回复短信，醒来后给他
们喝同样的含糖饮料。）
和第六段“On another night,… before consuming the sugary drink.”（另一个晚上，参与者经历了同样的睡眠中
断，但这一次，在喝含糖饮料之前，他们先喝了一杯浓黑咖啡 30 分钟。）可知，在三个试验中没有改变的
是受试者都喝了含糖饮料。故选 C。
14．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“However, strong black coffee consumed before breakfast actually increased
the blood sugar response by around 50%”（然而，早餐前喝一杯浓黑咖啡实际上会使血糖反应增加 50%左右）
可知，早餐前，一杯浓黑咖啡增加了受试者的血糖反应。故选 D。
15．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“For their study, researchers at the University of Bath got 29 healthy men and
women to take part in three different overnight experiments, with at least a week between them.”（在他们的研究
中，巴斯大学的研究人员让 29 名健康的男性和女性参加了三种不同的夜间实验，每次实验至少持续一周。）
和文章最后一段“They found that one night of interrupted sleep did not worsen the participants' blood sugar and
insulin responses when compared to the normal night's sleep”（他们发现，与正常晚上的睡眠相比，一个晚上的
睡眠中断并没有恶化参与者的血糖和胰岛素反应）可推知，研究者是通过对比试验结果得出结论的。故选 A。
阅读【辽宁省铁岭市六校 2021 届高三下学期第一次模拟】
Cornell Precollege Summer Programs 2021 ： Updates
At this time, Cornell University Precollege Studies plans to offer online and in-person, on- campus courses for
high school students during summer 2021. Courses will be held during the following sessions:
Three-week Session 1 (June 1 -June 17,2021) ：Online courses only
Three-week Session 2 (June 21 -July 9,2021 )：Online and on-campus courses
Three-week Session 3 (July 12-July 30,2021 )：Online and on-campus courses
Six-week Session (June 21 - August 3,2021 )： Online and on-campus courses
For updates
For the latest updates, join our email list and visit us on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.
In addition , please visit the Cornell coronavirus website regularly for university updates, information, and
resources for students.
Precollege on-campus summer courses and COVID-19
In the event, if we are not able to offer in-person, on-campus courses due to COVID- 19 restrictions, as many
courses as possible will be converted（改变)to online offerings and you'll have the following options:
1. If your on-campus course is converted to an online course, you may automatically register for it at a reduced
charge that reflects only academic (per credit), not residential, fees.
2. If you prefer, or if your on-campus course is not converted to an online offering, you may select a course
from the list of previously scheduled online courses.
3. You may contact us to withdraw and request a full refund(退款)，minus the application fee.
While we know there is no replacement for our on-campus, residential experience, the good news is that all
online courses are regular Cornell classes that give you a chance to study with Cornell faculty (学院)，work
alongside undergraduates, earn college credits, and get a head start on preparing for college applications.
1．If you are only available in June, which session can you choose?
A．Three-week Session 1. B．Three-week Session 2.
C．Three-week Session 3. D．Six-week Session.
2．If the courses you choose are converted to online courses because of COVID-19, you_________.
A．get a discount on residential fees. B．can have choices of other courses.
C．can quit the courses without any losses. D．have to accept owing to restrictions.
3．Which of the following is true about on-line courses?
A．You will receive better education.
B．You can learn with Cornell students.
C．You can know more about the campus.
D．You will get guidance on college applications.
【答案】1．A2．B3．B
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了 Cornell 大学 2021 年预科暑期课程的一些基本信息。
1．细节理解题。根据第四行“Three-week Session 1 (June 1 -June 17,2021) ：Online courses only(为期三周的
课程 1(2021 年 6 月 1 日至 6 月 17 日):仅限在线课程)”可知，如果只有 6 月份有时间，可以选择为期三周的
课程 1。故选 A。
2．细节理解题。根据倒数第四行“If you prefer, or if your on-campus course is not converted to an online offering,
you may select a course from the list of previously scheduled online courses.( 如果您愿意，或者您的校内课程没
有转换为在线课程，您可以从先前安排的在线课程列表中选择一门课程。)”可知，如果您选择的课程因新冠
疫情被转换为在线课程，您可以选择其他课程。故选 B。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“While we know there is no replacement for our on-campus, residential experience,
the good news is that all online courses are regular Cornell classes that give you a chance to study with Cornell
faculty (学院)，work alongside undergraduates, earn college credits, and get a head start on preparing for college
applications (虽然我们知道没有什么可以取代我们的校内住宿体验，但好消息是，所有的在线课程都是
Cornell 大学的常规课程，让你有机会与在 Cornell 大学学习，与本科生一起学习，获得大学学分，并在准备
大学申请方面有优势。)”可知，如果选择在线课程，有机会和 Cornell 大学学生一起学习。故选 B。
【辽宁省铁岭市六校 2021 届高三下学期第一次模拟】
A few years ago, my father arranged to send me a mail-order fruitcake at Christmas time. Although I had a
good job and apartment in Manhattan, he feared my cupboards might be bare. I had recently moved from California,
where my parents still lived in their suburban bungalow (平房) of 50 years, the house I grew up in.
He wanted me to have a particular brand of fruitcake. A fruitcake, in his mind, was a perfect Christmas gift.
Made in Texas, it was famous among fruitcake lovers — or at least, among people who gave fruitcake to those who
were assumed to love them.
I knew there would be plenty to eat in California. For each Christmas, in addition to my mother’s cookies,
fudge (乳脂软糖), and other treats, my father always gave my sister and me each a large bag of assorted foods he
called, rather plainly, the “Food Bag”. One year, I secretly listed the contents of my Food Bag in a notebook for the
day when I might not get a Food Bag for Christmas. That year, my bag contained a can of mixed nuts, a box of
whole-wheat crackers, a Belgian chocolate bar, some English breakfast tea 9and many other items.
I was 44 when my father gave me that Food Bag, and he was 72.
That day before my flight to California, the fruitcake still hadn’t arrived. When my father called to wish me a
safe trip and he said “Did you receive it?”
“Not yet,” I said. “Maybe it will be there today.” He regretted deeply about the lost fruitcake.
He remained hopefully the fruitcake would come by New Year’s Eve. But January, February and March came
and went with no fruitcake. Though my father continued to ask about it. I never considered lying. Instead, I would
say, “That cake is orbiting earth and sooner or later will land.”
As time went by, he would bring up the journey of his fruitcake. “I wonder where it is now.” he’d say.
Early last December, nearly a year after my father died, I got a call from a staffer of my apartment building,
“You have a package.”
I went downstairs to pick it up. The brown box had a FedEx label with a return address in Texas.
4．What does the underlined word “bare” probably mean in Paragraph 1?
A．Plain. B．Short.
C．Empty. D．Abundant.
5．What would the author receive for each Christmas?
A．Treats from his parents. B．A big Christmas dinner.
C．A food bag from his parents. D．A Special fruitcake.
6．Where did the fruitcake finally end up?
A．In Texas. B．At Lost and Found.
C．In California. D．In Manhattan.
7．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Dad’s Mystery Package B．Disturbing Delivery Service
C．My Favorite Food D．Memorable Food Bags
【答案】4．C5．C6．D7．A
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者父亲很关心作者，因此寄出了一份水果蛋糕，但这份蛋糕
一直在路上，直到在作者父亲去世一年后作者才收到蛋糕的故事。
4．词句猜测题。根据第一段划线词句的上一句“A few years ago, my father arranged to send me a mail-order
fruitcake at Christmas time. (几年前，我父亲安排在圣诞节给我邮购一个水果蛋糕)”可知，作者的父亲给作者
邮寄了食物。再根据划线词句“Although I had a good job and apartment in Manhattan, he feared my cupboards
might be bare. (尽管我有一份好工作，住在曼哈顿，但他还是担心我的碗柜可能是 bare)”可知，尽管作者生
活的好，但是父亲还是担心作者的冰箱里面没有东西，所以才给她邮寄食物，由此推知，划线词 bare 应指“没
有东西的，缺少东西的”，选项 C“空的”与之意义最为接近。故选 C 项。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“For each Christmas, in addition to my mother’s cookies, fudge (乳脂软糖),
and other treats, my father always gave my sister and me each a large bag of assorted foods he called, rather plainly,
the “Food Bag”.(每年圣诞节，除了妈妈做的饼干、软糖和其他款待，爸爸还会给妹妹和我每人一大袋各式各
样的食物，他直白地称之为“食物袋”)”可知，每年的圣诞节，作者都会收到父母的零食袋。故选 C 项。
6．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Although I had a good job and apartment in Manhattan(尽管我有一份好工作，
住在 Manhattan)”及倒数第二段“Early last December, nearly a year after my father died, I got a call from a staffer
of my apartment building, “You have a package.”(去年 12 月初，在我父亲去世将近一年之后，我接到了我公寓
大楼工作人员的电话，“你有一个包裹。”)”可知，水果蛋糕最终到了作者的公寓，即在 Manhattan。故选 D
项。
7．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，根据第一段中“A few years ago, my father arranged to send me a mail-order
fruitcake at Christmas time. (几年前，我父亲安排在圣诞节给我邮购一个水果蛋糕)”和第五段中“That day
before my flight to California, the fruitcake still hadn’t arrived.(在我飞往加州的前一天，水果蛋糕还没有送到)”
以及倒数第二段“Early last December, nearly a year after my father died, I got a call from a staffer of my
apartment building, “You have a package.”(去年 12 月初，在我父亲去世将近一年之后，我接到了我公寓大楼
工作人员的电话，“你有一个包裹。”)”可知，父亲邮寄给作者一个水果蛋糕，但是在父亲去世将近一年后作
者才收到。文章中作者没有抱怨过送货服务，虽然是长达一年后才收到，但是水果蛋糕是父亲对作者的爱，
选项 A“父亲的神秘包裹”突出主题，体现了爸爸的爱，也体现了作者没能按时收到包裹的“神秘性”，适合做
标题。故选 A 项。
Plastic pollution has long been a problem, but now it's gotten to a new height-literally.
Microplastics, referring to plastic fragments and particles less than 5 millimeters in diameter, have been found
on Mount Qomolangma as high as 8,440 meters above sea level, just 408.86 meters below the peak of the mountain,
according to a recent study published in the journal One Earth.
“These are the highest microplastics ever discovered so far, “ lead author Imogen Napper from the University
of Plymouth, UK, said in a statement.
Scientists collected snow and water samples from 19 different locations from 4, 200 meters above sea level all
the way up to the top of Mount Qomolangma. They found microplastics in all the water samples and part of the
snow samples. The most polluted sample was from the Base Camp in Nepal, where most human activity on the
mountain is concentrated. It had 79 particles of microplastics per liter of snow.
But how have these fragments made it all this way and in such a great abundance? The answer is
apparent-human activities. It is climbers who bring plastic products to the mountain. Even if they don't litter, just
walking for 20 minutes or opening a bottle of water can release microplastics into the environment.
Even covered in ice, the Arctic is also a victim of plastic pollution. A 2020 report published in Nature suggests
that there are 2,000 to 17,000 plastic particles per cubic meter in Arctic ice cores. Experts think microplastics may
be transported by air and then reach the North Pole in snowfall.
“What we don't yet fully know is the potential problems these tiny pieces of plastic could be having to
ecosystems," said Christian Dunn of Bangor University , UK.
Then what can we do? “We need to start focusing on deeper technological solutions that focus on
microplastics, like changing fabric design and include natural fibers instead of plastic when possible, " Napper said.
8．Where did Napper's team find the microplastics?
A．At 408.86 meters below the top of Mount Qomolangma.
B．In all water and snow samples collected.
C．At 4,200 meters above the Everest Base Camp.
D．At the foot of Mount Qomolangma.
9．Which of the following may protect Mount Qomolangma from microplastics?
A．Stopping littering. B．Avoiding bottled water.
C．Limiting use of equipment. D．Forbidding climbing at all.
10．How do experts think plastic pollution reached the Arctic?
A．By planes flying in the air B．By wind from other places.
C．By humans traveling there D．By huge tides in the sea.
11．What did Napper suggest?
A．Promoting new styles of clothes. B．Improving technology for ecosystems.
C．Replacing plastic with natural fibers. D．Researching microplastics' harm.
【答案】8．A9．D10．B11．C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一项研究显示在海拔 8440 米、仅比峰顶低 408.86 米的珠穆朗玛
峰上，发现了微塑料。介绍了研究人员是如何发现这些微塑料的，以及在这个地方出现微塑料的原因。
8．细节理解题。根据第二段“Microplastics, referring to plastic fragments and particles less than 5 millimeters in
diameter, have been found on Mount Qomolangma as high as 8,440 meters above sea level, just 408.86 meters
below the peak of the mountain, according to a recent study published in the journal One Earth.( 最近发表在《一
个地球》杂志上的一项研究显示，在海拔 8440 米、仅比峰顶低 408.86 米的珠穆朗玛峰上，发现了微塑料，
即直径小于 5 毫米的塑料碎片和颗粒)”可知，Napper 的团队在珠穆朗玛峰峰顶下 408.86 米处找到了微塑料。
故选 A。
9．推理判断题。根据第五段“But how have these fragments made it all this way and in such a great abundance?
The answer is apparent-human activities. It is climbers who bring plastic products to the mountain. Even if they
don't litter, just walking for 20 minutes or opening a bottle of water can release microplastics into the
environment.(但这些碎片是如何形成如此庞大的数量的呢？答案显而易见——人类活动。把塑料制品带到山
上的是登山者。即使他们不乱扔垃圾，仅仅步行 20 分钟或打开一瓶水也会向环境中释放微塑料)”可推知，
完全禁止攀登可以保护珠峰免受微塑料的侵害。故选 D。
10．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Experts think microplastics may be transported by air and then reach the
North Pole in snowfall.(专家认为微塑料可以通过空气运输，然后在降雪时到达北极)”可知，专家认为塑料污
染是通过来自其他地方的风到达北极的。故选 B。
11．细节理解题。根据最后一段中““We need to start focusing on deeper technological solutions that focus on
microplastics, like changing fabric design and include natural fibers instead of plastic when possible, " Napper
said.( Napper 表示：“我们需要开始着眼于着眼于微塑料的更深层次的技术解决方案，比如改变织物设计，
尽可能使用天然纤维代替塑料。”)”可知，Napper 的建议是用天然纤维代替塑料。故选 C。
【辽宁省铁岭市六校 2021 届高三下学期第一次模拟】
Going to the movie theater is fun. However, in a time when technology has afforded us home video streaming
services such as Netflix and Hulu, many people choose to stay at home to have fun. And they believe movie
theaters are going to have problems. Though those services might affect the theaters negatively, I don't believe they
are going away anytime soon.
I don't doubt that staying at home to watch films can save you money. After all, the tickets for theaters aren't
cheap. Besides, you can lie comfortably on a big sofa to watch films. And generally there's no limit on the time
when you can watch films. And you don't need to be worried about others anger when you laugh aloud at a fun
shot.
But the movie theater has the low lighting, the big screen, the surround sound, etc. War movies especially
benefit from being watched in theaters. A good war movie combined with the theater setting can better show the
reality of war. Viewers can more closely experience the war. In addition to war movies, action movies and
superhero movies are also much better when viewed on the big screen.
And nothing beats gathering together your friends and family and going to see a good movie. However,
nowadays many people like to lock themselves at home when they're free. That's why many people end up being
lonely, having few friends and suffering from health problems. Therefore, instead of just watching a movie at home
and then going to bed, you can hang out with your friends and share your latest news face to face based on going to
see a movie.
Anyway, we are lucky enough to live in a time that benefits people who love to go out and those who love to
stay at home. Netflix and other services will always be there for those who prefer to stay at home. But going to the
theater offers better experience, and it helps theaters create more jobs. It's a win-win. So why not see a cool movie
at your local theater?
12．What influence do home video streaming services seem to bring?
A．Theaters will soon disappear.
B．Movie theater business gets hurt.
C．Films have become much funnier than before.
D．Theaters begin to offer better services to customers.
13．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A．Some theater rules to follow. B．The author's love for staying at home.
C．The advantages of enjoying films at home. D．Several opinions on choosing movie theaters.
14．What can we infer from Paragraph 3?
A．Not all films are attractive to viewers. B．There isn't an increase in films' types.
C．Movie theaters should suit different films. D．Some films are less amazing when watched at home.
15．What is the main purpose of the passage?
A．To persuade us to join outdoor activities as often as possible.
B．To present the advantage of watching films at home.
C．To show us the reasons for the decline of theater.
D．To advise people to go to the theater.
【答案】12．B13．C14．D15．D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如今虽然家庭视频流媒体服务的兴起让电影院的生意受到了影
响，但是电影院也有其自身优势。文章论述了在家看电影的好处以及存在的问题，建议人们还是去电影院
看电影。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段中“However, in a time when technology has afforded us home video streaming
services such as Netflix and Hulu, many people choose to stay at home to have fun. And they believe movie
theaters are going to have problems. Though those services might affect the theaters negatively, I don't believe they
are going away anytime soon.(然而，在这个时代，技术已经为我们提供了家庭视频流媒体服务，如 Netflix 和
Hulu，许多人选择待在家里观看。他们认为电影院将会有问题。尽管这些服务可能会给影院带来负面影响，
但我认为它们不会很快消失)”可知，家庭视频流媒体服务使得电影院生意受到伤害。故选 B。
13．主旨大意题。根据第二段“I don't doubt that staying at home to watch films can save you money. After all, the
tickets for theaters aren't cheap. Besides, you can lie comfortably on a big sofa to watch films. And generally there's
no limit on the time when you can watch films. And you don't need to be worried about others anger when you
laugh aloud at a fun shot.(我毫不怀疑待在家里看电影能为你省钱。毕竟，电影院的电影票并不便宜。此外，
你可以舒服地躺在大沙发上看电影。一般来说，看电影的时间没有限制。当你大笑的时候，你不需要担心
别人会生气)”可知，第二段主要讲了在家看电影的好处。故选 C。
14．推理判断题。根据第三段中“War movies especially benefit from being watched in theaters. A good war movie
combined with the theater setting can better show the reality of war. Viewers can more closely experience the war.
In addition to war movies, action movies and superhero movies are also much better when viewed on the big
screen.(战争电影尤其适合在影院观看。一部好的战争片，结合影院设置，可以更好的展现战争的真实感。
观众可以更近距离地体验战争。除了战争片，动作片和超级英雄电影在大屏幕上看也更好)”可推知，有些电
影在家看就没那么精彩了。故选 D。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“But going to the theater offers better experience, and it helps theaters create
more jobs. It's a win-win. So why not see a cool movie at your local theater?(但是去电影院能提供更好的体验，还
能帮助影院创造更多的就业机会。这是一个双赢的事情。所以为什么不在当地的电影院看一部很酷的电影
呢？)”结合文章主要说明了如今虽然家庭视频流媒体服务的兴起让电影院的生意受到了影响，但是电影院也
有其自身优势。文章论述了在家看电影的好处以及存在的问题，建议人们还是去电影院看电影。可推知，
这篇文章的主要目的是建议人们去电影院。故选 D。
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