初高中英语衔接语法第一讲：总述与音标

1 第一讲 总述与音标 一般规则 特殊规则 高 中 英 语 词 法 名词 代词 数词 冠词 动词 介词 连词 形容词 副词 系动词 助动词 实意动词 情态动词 时态 语态 语气 非谓语动词 1.一般现在时 be / do /does 2.一般过去时 was / did 3.一般将来时 will do / be 4.现在进行时 be doing 5.现在完成时 have/has done / been 6.现在完成进行时 have/has been doing 7.将来进行时 will be doing 8.过去将来时 would do / be 9.过去完成时 had done / been 10.过去进行时 was doing 陈述语气 祈使语气 虚拟语气 不定式 分 词 动名词 现在分词 过去分词 句 法 3：三大类句子 6：六种简单句句型 9：九种句子成分: 主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、补语、同位语 和独立成分 强调 倒装 主谓一致 引语 省略 简单句 类型 并列句 复合句 陈述句 疑问句 感叹句 祈使句 定语从句 状语从句 名词性从句 主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 Ｓ Ｖ （主＋谓） Ｓ Ｖ Ｐ （主＋谓＋表） Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ （主＋谓＋宾） Ｓ Ｖ ｏ Ｏ （主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾） Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ Ｃ （主＋谓＋宾＋宾补） There V S (There+谓语+主语) Produced by Chen 高中英语语法概述 2 第一讲 总述与音标 【知识回顾】 为什么学音标？ 1. 看到音标就会读单词。 2. 会读可以帮助记忆单词。 3. 正确的发音可以听懂听力录音。 4. 遇见陌生的单词可以凭借音标知识正确读出单词，不会音标的往往读错。 英语国际标准音标练习 元音 (20 个) 单元 音 12 个 前 元 音(4 个) [i:] [i] [e] [æ] 后 元 音(5 个) [ɑ:] [ɔ:] [ɔ] [u:] [u] 中 元 音(3 个) [ʌ] [ə:] [ə] 双元 音 8 个 合口双元音(5 个) [ei] [əu] [ai] [au] [ɔi] 集中双元音(3 个) [iə] [uə] [ɛə] 辅音 (28 个) 清 辅 音(11 个) [p] [t] [k] [f] [s] [θ] [ʃ] [tʃ] [tr] [ts] [h] 浊 辅 音(17 个) [b] [d] [g] [v] [z] [ð] [ʒ] [dʒ] [dr] [dz] [l] [m] [n] [ŋ] [j] [w] [r] 【实战演练】 找出划线部分读音不同的单词。 ( )1.A.ask B. basket C. table D. grass ( )2.A.name B. grade C. that D. late ( )3.A.like B. kite C. my D. city ( )4.A.second B. mess C. cinema D. February ( )5.A.season B. beach C. read D. great ( )6.A.month B. sixth C. with D. birthday ( )7.A.he B. egg C. dress D. bed ( )8.A.duck B. much C. music D. lunch ( )9.A.go B. hot C. not D. coffee ( )10.A.room B. school C. look D. goose ( )11.A.flower B. how C. brown D. yellow ( )12.A.house B. young C. out D. ground ( )13.A.any B. animal C. many D. friend ( )14.A.water B .want C. what D. watch ( )15.A.walked B. jumped C. kicked D. wanted ( )16.A.rain B. train C. said D. paint ( )17.A.forty B. worker C. born D. horse ( )18.A.today B. play C. stay D. Sunday ( )19.A.goat B. old C. don’t D. hot ( )20.A.try B. my C. why D. happy 3 第一讲 总述与音标 根据音标写单词： [blu:] [da:ns] [mu:n] [fa:] [laik] [geit] [tju:b] [flai] [lend] [priti] [lesn] _______ [hæpi ] [fæmili] [plei] _______ [fɔks] [tə′geðə] [meni] [taigə] 【中考真题】 21. Where’s my English ________ / bʊk /? I can’t find it. （济南市 2015 年初三学业水平考试） A. back B. book C. bake D. bike 22. —Does Tom ________ / pleɪ / basketball every weekend? —Yes, he does. A. play B. place C. plant D. plan 23. There’s a lot of work to do. Can you _______ / help / me? A. have B. keep C. help D. hope 24. My uncle does exercise _______ / 'evrɪ / day. He’s really healthy. A. very B. every C. even D. early 25. They think the people in Jinan are _______ / 'frendlɪ /. A. friendly B. fresh C. finally D. fairly 【知识预览】 单词拼写： 1. It is a little difficult to c___________ someone when he or she is excited. 2. She i__________ the doctor’s advice, continuing to work day and night and then her illness became even worse. 3. After the terrible hurricane, the whole house was destroyed e______________. 4. Let the children do morning exercises o_______ in order to keep healthy. 5. One of the legs of the chair has got l_________. It’s not safe if you sit on it. 6. The boy felt u_________ because he didn’t do well in the exam. 7. This is the best s______ of TV plays I have watched since October 1st. 8. You showed a great deal of c___________ for her son’s illness. 9. The t_________ came soon after the lightning. 10. The new president will come into p______ next month. 选词填空： 1) I worked hard at English ___________know more about the world. 2) I ___________the story as soon as you tell me. 3) There has been ___________car accidents at the crossing. 4) __________these figures, and you will get your answer. 5) I'm sorry I have knocked off your book, but I didn't do it___________. 6) When I stood ____________with Yang Liwei, I couldn' t help feeling respect to this national hero. 7) You seem to ____________depression. What's the problem? 8) Most teachers _________ greatly ____________the growth of their students. Add up in order to face to face a series of be concerned with on purpose suffer from set down 4 第一讲 总述与音标 完成句子: 1. 我第一眼就喜欢上了这套房子。(fall in love) I _____________________________________ at first sight. 2. 他们一起唱这首歌。(join in) They all _________________________________. 3. 和他相处是很有趣的。(get on/along with) It is interesting ______________________________. 4. 对于我们应该做什么，我常常跟他意见不一致。(disagree) I often __________________________ what we should do. 5. 如果你能给我一些建议我将非常感激。(grateful) I _________________________________________. 6. 为了不错过第一趟火车，他起得很早。（in order to）______________________________________________________ 7. 我们努力想让他平静下来，但他还是激动地大叫。（calm down） ______________________________ but he kept shouting excitedly. 人教版高一英语单词表(必修一 Unit 1) 注：所有不带△符号蓝色的词汇均为课标词汇，其中红色粗体部分为本单元重点词汇和短语；带△符号蓝 色的词不要求掌握 ∆survey [sə:'vei, 'sə:vei] n. 调查；测验 add up 合计 upset [ʌp'set, 'ʌpset] adj. 心烦意乱的；不安的； 不适的 vt. 使不安；使心烦 ignore [iɡ'nɔ:] vt. 不理睬；忽视 calm [kɑ:m, kɑ:lm] vt. & vi. （使）平静；（使） 镇定 adj. 平静的；镇静的；沉着的 calm (…) down （使）平静下来；（使）镇定 下来 have got to 不得不；必须 concern [kən'sə:n] vt. （使）担忧；涉及；关系 到 n. 担心；关注；（利害）关系 be concerned about ... 关心...；挂念... walk the dog 遛狗 loose [lu:s] adj. 松的；松开的 ∆vet [vet] n. 兽医 go through 经历；经受 ∆Amsterdam [æmstə'dæm] n. 阿 姆 斯 特 丹 Netherlands['neðələndz]荷兰 ∆Jewish['dʒu:iʃ]adj.犹太人的；犹太族的 German['dʒə:mən]adj.德国的；德国人的；德语 的 n.德国人；德语 set down 记下；放下；登记 series ['siəri:z] n. 连续；系列 a series of ... 一连串的；一系列；一套 ∆Kitty['kiti]凯蒂（女名） outdoors ['aut'dɔ:z] adv. 在户外；在野外 ∆spellbind ['spelbaind] vt. 迷住；迷惑 on purpose 故意 in order to 为了…… dusk [dʌsk] n. 黄昏；傍晚 at dusk 在黄昏时刻 thunder ['θʌndə] vi. 打雷；雷鸣 n. 雷；雷声 entire [in'taiə] adj. 整个的；完全的；全部的 entirely [in'taiəli] adv. 完全地；全然地；整个地 power [pauə] n. 能力；力量；权力 face to face 面对面地 curtain ['kə:tən] n. 窗帘；门帘；幕布 dusty ['dʌsti] adj. 积满灰尘的 no longer / not … any longer 不再…… partner ['pɑ:tnə] n. 伙伴；合作者；合伙人 settle ['setl] vi. 安家；定居；停留 vt. 使定居； 安排；解决 suffer ['sʌfə] vt. & vi. 遭受；忍受；经历 suffer from 遭受；患病 ∆loneliness ['ləunlinis] n. 孤单；寂寞 highway ['haiwei] n. 公路；大路 recover [ri'kʌvə] vi. & vt. 痊愈；恢复；重新获 得 get/be tired of ... 对……厌烦 pack [pæk] vi. & vt. 捆扎；包装；打行李 n. 小 包；包裹 pack (sth) up 将（东西）装箱打包 ∆Margot['ma:gəu]玛戈（女名） suitcase ['sju:tkeis] n. 手提箱；衣箱 overcoat ['əuvəkəut] n. 大衣；外套 teenager ['ti:n,eidʒə] n. 十几岁的青少年 get along with 与……相处；进展 ∆gossip ['ɡɔsip] vi. & n. 闲话；闲谈 fall in love 相爱；爱上 exactly [iɡ'zæktli] adv. 确实如此；正是；确切地 disagree [,disə'ɡri:] vi. 不同意 grateful ['ɡreitful] adj. 感激的；表示谢意的 dislike [dis'laik] n. & vt. 不喜欢；厌恶 join in 参加；加入 tip [tip] n. 揭示；技巧；尖；尖端；小费 vt. 倾 斜；翻倒 ∆secondly ['sekəndli] adv. 第二；其次 swap [swɔp, swɔ:p] vt. 交换 item ['aitəm] n. 项目；条款 5 第一讲 总述与音标