Lesson 16
A polite request
Pepper
Daily proverb
Gold can't be pure and man can't be perfect.
金无足赤人无完人
New
Words 01
traffic n. 交通
红绿灯 traffic lights
交通堵塞 traffic jam
I spend a lot of time in traffic jam.
繁重的交通 heavy traffic
我被堵了很长时间。
area n. 地段
place
region
场地, 地段(一块对方), 大地点, 小地点都可以
地点
地区(交战, 开火)
In this region, there were a lot of wars.
这个地区战火连绵。
reminder n. 提示
remind v. 提示, 提醒
The old photo reminds me of my childhood.
这张老照片是我想起了童年。
remind sb. of sth.
remind sb. to do sth.
fail
v. 失败
He failed.
He failed (in) examination.
fail (in) doing sth. 在某些方面失败
v. 不及格
I failed in the exam.
我这次考试不及格。
v. 使…不及格
The teacher says that he will fail me if I don’t work harder.
老师说如果我不努力学习，就会让我挂科。
fail
fail to do sth. 没有能够做某事，忘记做……
He failed to swim across the river.
not fail to do sth. 一定能够某事
I can not fail to pass it.
Game
Time 02
Grammar 03
主谓一致
语法一致，
即单复数形式与谓语要一致。
意义一致，
即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。
就近一致
即谓语动词要和靠近它的主语部分保持一致
There _____ much water in the thermos.
There _____ some apples on the table.
Ten thousand tons of coal _____ produced last year.
There _____ three pieces of bread in the fridge.
is
are
were
are
不可数名词做主语，用动词单数
可数名词复数做主语，用动词复数
当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时，
谓语动词用复数形式。
The League secretary and monitor _____ asked to make a
speech at the meeting.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
Reading and writing _____ very important. are
并列结构作主语时谓语用复数
当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指
同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，
and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。
Bread and butter ____ my favourite breakfastis
两个由and连接表示不同物质的名词，但习惯上这两样东西常常
被同时使用，将二者看做一个整体，谓语动词仍用单数
就近原则
there be/ Here be 句型
There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk.
Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you.
either… or…
neither… nor
not only… but also …
Either you or she is to go.
Neither you nor I am to go.
Not only he but also you are to go.
就远原则
The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory.
He as well as I wants to go boating.
Nobody but two students is in the classroom.
Everybody except you is down on me.
John, rather than his roommates, is to blame.
My father, no less than I, is a base-ball fan.
with, together with, as well as, along with;
like;
except, besides, apart from, in addition to, but;
no less than;
including
rather than
Each of us has a tape-recorder.
There is something wrong with my watch.
代词each和由every, some, no, any等构成的复合代词作主语，
或主语中含有each, every,
谓语需用单数。
The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English.
当主语是一本书或一条格言时，谓语动词常用单数。
All is right.
All are present.
一切顺利。
所有人都到齐了。
在代词what, which, who, none, some, any, more, most, all等词
的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。
Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations.
Ten yuan is enough.
金钱，时间，价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语 时,谓语用单数
有些集合名词，如 people, police,cattle,folk,youth等只作复数
看待，作主语时，谓语动词用复数，即所谓的“形单意复”
无生命（表示物）的集合名词，如clothing，furniture，
machinery，equipment，jewellery，baggage，luggage，
traffic等只作单数看待，作主语时，谓语用单数。
His family isn't very large.
His family are music lovers.
他家不是一个大家庭。
他的家人都是音乐爱好者。
集体名词作主语时，谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。如
family, audience, crew, crowd, class, company, committee等
用复数形式时，意为这个集体中的各个成员，
用单数时表示该个集体。
More than one student has known the news.
More students than one have known the news.
“more than one + 单数名词”结构作主语，尽管从意义上看
是复数，但它的谓语动词用单数形式。
“more+复数名词+than one”结构作主语时，谓语动词用复数
形式。
Many a passenger was killed in the accident.
“many a + 单数名词”结构作主语，谓语动词需用单数形式。
A word or two is missing here.
One or two words are missing here.
a +单数名词 + or two” 结构作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
one or two +复数名词”结构作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。
One and a half bananas is left on the table.
“one and a half + 复数名词”结构作主语，谓语动词需用单
数形式。
East of the city lie two chemical works.
Between the two buildings stands a monument.
倒装句的谓语动词的单复数应根据后面的主语而定。
Text 04
If you park your car in the wrong place, a traffic policeman
will soon find it.
You will be very lucky if he lets you go without a ticket.
However, this does not always happen.
Traffic police are sometimes very polite.
During a holiday in Sweden, I found this note on my car：'sir,
we welcome you to our city.
This is a "No Parking" area.
You will enjoy your stay here if you pay attention to our street
signs.
This note is only a reminder.' If you receive a request like this,
you cannot fail to obey it!
Thank you!
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