Module3 Grammar and Listening
一、基础知识积累
重点新词必备
1. outline n.
1) the main ideas or facts about some thing, without the details 纲要，梗概，要点
2) a line around the edge of something which shows its shape 外形，轮廓
Eg. I’d like to see the proposal outline. 我想看看这份提议的概要。
The outline of a footprint in the snow 雪中脚印的轮廓。
Vt. – to describe something in a general way, giving the main points but not the details 概述
- to make the outline of a shape very clear 画…的轮廓
2. disturb vt.
to interrupt someone so that they cannot continue what they are doing by asking a question,
making a noise etc 干扰，使中断
eg. Sorry to disturb you, but I have an urgent message from your husband.
对不起，打扰一下，我这儿有你丈夫的一份急电。
Do not disturb 请勿打扰（挂在门上的牌子）
Disturbance n. 造成干扰的事，干扰，扰乱
重点词组突破
1. play a trick on sb. 捉弄某人
2. make up
1)编造（说法，解释等）
Eg. I think they’re making the whole thing up.
2)给（某人）化妆
Eg. They made him up as an old man for the last act of the play.
3)准备，布置
Eg. I could make up a bed for you on the couch.
4)组成，构成
Eg. Women make up only 30% of the workforce.
5)补上，补回
Eg. I’m trying to make up the time I lost while I was sick.
6)和好，和解
Eg. Have you made up with Patty yet?
3. advise sb. to do … 建议某人做…
4. in the end 最后;终于
5. start off/ out 动身, 出发, 启程
重点句型掌握
1. Jim looked terrified.
2. It looked like a house at first, but then we realized it was a steamboat. 开始的时候它看上
去像一座房子，但后来我们意识到是一只汽船。
注意系动词的用法， 系动词本身有一定的词义， 但不能独立做谓语， 必须与表语一
起构成复合谓语。常见的系动词有：be, look, seem, feel, keep, smell, sound, taste 等。例如：
He does not look his age. 他看上去不象有这个年纪的人。
He seems to be quite happy. 他似乎十分快乐。
系动词除了可跟形容词以外， 还可接 like, as if 等短语或句型。例如：
That looks like an interesting film. 那看来是部有趣的电影。
“At that time, it seemed as if I couldn’t think of the right word anyhow.
“当时，我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。”
I feel as if it were going to snow. 我觉得好象要下雪了。
3. “It looks as if it’ll go under soon,” Jim said, after a couple of minutes.
as if = as though 好象，似乎
as if 从句用虚拟语气的情况：
（1）从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。
You look as if you do not care.
（2）从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had＋过去分词” He talked about Paris as if he
had been there before.
（3）从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“would/could/might＋动词原形”。
It looks as if it might snow.
go under 除了作“沉没，淹没”外，还可作“失败，破产，被毁灭”。如：
The firm has gone under. 这家商号破产了。
Ｔhe firm will go under unless business improves. 生意若无起色， 公司非跨不可。
重点语法讲解
本模块复习了动词的-ed 形式，-ing 形式，不定式的几种常见用法以及连系动词的用法，
在本期“热点语法追踪”栏目给大家简要总结如下：
★动词的-ing 和-ed 形式作定语和表语
① 单个的动词-ing 和-ed 形式一般作前置定语，但有时也后置；动词-ed 形式的短语作
定语时，必须后置，相当于一个定语从句。如：
All the broken doors and windows have been repaired.
We are glad to hear the satisfying news.
We have read many novels written by Lu Xun.
② 同一动词的-ed 和-ing 形式作表语时的区别：动词-ed 形式作表语，主要表示主语（多
指人）的心理感受或所处的状态，含有被动的意思；而动词-ing 形式作表语多表示主语（多
指物）所具有的特征，含有主动的意思。如：
They were frightened to hear the frightening sound.
The scene is so frightening that I won’t see it again.[来源:学.科.网]
★动词-ing 形式和动词不定式作宾补
①动词-ing 形式作宾补时，与作宾语的名词或代词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，表示正在发生或
进行的动作,常用在 see, hear, watch, notice, observe, keep, find, have 等动词后面。如：
We often hear her singing in the next room.
You shouldn’t have kept the lights burning all night long.
②动词不定式作宾补时，不定式和宾语之间在逻辑上是主谓关系。常见的只能跟不定式作宾
补的动词有 advise, allow, ask, forbid, force, persuade, request 等。使役动词 make, let, have 和感
官动词 see, hear, watch, notice, observe, feel 等作谓语，不定式作宾补要省略 to。如：[
I don’t allow such things to happen again.
She made her husband give up smoking.
★连系动词
①连系动词本身有一定意义，但不能独立作谓语，必须与表语一起构成系表结构。常见的系
动词有 be, look, feel, smell, sound, taste, keep, seem 等。如：
Your hands feel cold.
It’s hard to keep warm in such cold weather.
②系动词后可接介词 like 或者 as if 等引导的从句。如：
The robber was holding what looked like a gun.
It looks as if we are going to miss the plane.
二、知识巩固性训练
I 完成句子
1.The medical team sent to the village ______________( 由 …… 组 成 )three doctors and two
nurses.
2.I’m sorry that I don’t __________________________(有心情)a walk now.
3.Your idea ______________ (听起来) a good one.
4.Who was the man _____________(打扰)you just now?
5.Please _______________(编设)a situation where you can put the daily expressions.
II 单项选择
1. He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldn’t risk _____ the good opportunity.
A. to lose B. to be lost C. losing D. being lost
2. –I’m very _____ with my own cooking .It looks nice and smells delicious.
-- Mm, it does have a _____ smell.
A. pleasant; pleased B. pleased; pleased C. pleasant; pleasant D. pleased;
pleasant
3. His speech was so _____ that we are all_____.
A. moving; moved B. moving; moving C. moved; moved D. moved; moving
4. Who did the teacher have _____ the article?
A. to write B. write C. written D. wrote
5. Linda worked for Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining, _____ as 3M.
A. knowing B. known C. being known D. to be known
6. The speaker raised his voice but still couldn’t make himself _____.
A. hear B. to hear C. hearing D. heard
7. _____ an adventure in the forest is good for the boys, but it remains _____ whether they will
enjoy it .
A. To have; to see B. Having; seeing C. Have; seen D. Having; to be
seen
8. As I will be away for at least a year, I’d appreciate _____ from you now and then _____ me
how everyone is getting along.
A. hearing; tell B. to hear; tell C. hearing; telling D. to hear; to tell
9. Tom was _____ head with a ball.
A .hit on his B. hitted on the C. hit on the D. hitting on his
10. As soon as she entered the room, the girl caught sight of the flowers _____ by her moth er.
A. buying B. being bought C. were bought D. bought
11. Most of the artists _____ to the party were from South Africa.
A. invited B. to invited C. being invited D. had been
invited
12. No one enjoys _____.
A. playing a trick on B. being played a trick on
C. to be played a trick on D. to played a trick on
13. Whom would you rather _____ with you, Jim or Jack?
A. have go B. have to go C. have gone D. has to go
14. Closing the factory means _____ more workers out of work..
A. to put B. put C. putting D. being put
15. My sister, an inexperienced rider, was found sitting on the bike _____to balance it.
A. having tried B. trying C. to try D. tried
16. I feel greatly honored _____ into their society.
A. to welcome B. welcoming C. to be welcomed D. welcomed
17. Susan wanted to be independent of her parents. She tried _____ alone, but she didn’t like it
and moved back home.
A. living B. to live C. to be living D. having lived
18._____ in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the
car .
A. Waiting B. To wait C. Having waited D. To have waited
19. –Were you at home last Sunday?
-- Yeah! I devoted the whole day to _____ the English grammar.
A. review B. reviewing C. be reviewed D. being reviewed
20. What’s _____ at the cinema this evening?
A. on B. in C. off D. away
[来源:Z+xx+k.Com]
III 阅读理解
A
Teenagers at one German school are learning how to achieve happiness alongside other
traditional subjects such as math and languages.
The class sit in a circle with their eyes shut and they count from one to ten: someone starts,
the next voice comes from the far right, a third from the other side.
The aim of the game is to listen for an opportunity to shout out the number without clashing
(冲突) with another voice or leaving a pause. On the first try, most of the young Germans try to be
first, while a few are too shy to join in, but by the fifth time round, they develop a rhythm. The
mess age: give other people space but also confidently claim your own. This is a requirement for
social well-being.
The Willy Hellpach School in Heidelberg is the first in the nation to develop a happiness
course. It is intended for students preparing for university entrance exams.
“The course isn’t there to make you happy,” Ernst Fritz-Schubert, the school principal,
warned pupils, “but rather to help you discover the ways to become happy.”
Cooking a meal together is one of the class exercises. Improving body language under the
guidance of two professional actresses is another.
The course is taught for three periods a week. Despite the happy subject, the pupils
themselves insist it is no laughing matter.
“In the first period, we had to each say something positive about another member of the class
and about ourselves. No laughing at people,” said Fanny, 17.
Research by the school shows it is not the first to start happiness classes: they also exist at
some US universities, mainly based on positive thinking, using findings from studies of
depression.
1. This passage is written to .
A. introduce the happiness course in a German school
B. describe all the traditional courses in a German school
C. arouse the readers’ interest in happiness
D. help students struggle against being sad
2. According to the passage, the happiness course is .
A. created by the Willy Hellpach School
B. to make all the students happy all the time
C. required to be taken by the first year students
D. to help students discover the way to happiness
3. It can be inferred from the passage that .
A. the students’ self-respect can also improve happiness
B. the students just took the course as a laughing matter
C. the students can certainly become happy after the course
D. the students waste time learning something without value
B
Some major color and sparkle have been brought to Washington, D.C’s New York Avenue.
An outdoor statue area was recently created in the centre of the city. Four large, colorful statues by
the French artist Nike de Saint Phalle are bringing art outdoors so people who live and work
nearby can enjoy them every day.
In the future, other works by female artists will be shown as part of the New York Avenue
Sculpture Project.
The Three Graces is one of four sculptures newly on display on New York Avenue. It is a
good example of Nike de Saint Phalle’s playful art. The work is made up of three huge female
forms that seem to be dancing. They are covered in colorful pieces of broken glass tiles. One
woman has black skin, another has white skin and the third has yellow skin. The work celebrates
woman in her many forms. Another work, Nana on a Dolphin, shows a curvy（曲线美的）woman
balancing on the back of a brightly colored dolphin. The woman’s body is covered with silver tiles
which shine brigh tly in the sunlight. A sculpture called Number 23 Basketball Player is the arti st’s
energetic representation of Michael Jordan flying into the air.
Nike de Saint Phalle was born in France, but spent much of her life in the US. She died in
2002. Her works represent both the modern and the ancient. Many of them explore heroes,
imaginary creatures, and the female body.
“I think they bring a little life to this street. I like them! I think that they are uniquely
representative of the United States, of different cultures and of our enthusiasm,” said Will Thomas
from San Diego, California, visiting New York avenue on Wednesday. “And, I think they’re a nice
addition.”
This is the first of four stage s of the New York Avenue Sculpture Project. The project will
last until 2015 and will show the work of several other female artists.
4. The underlined part in Paragraph 1 refers to _______.
A. the loveliness of Washington D.C. B. the four works of Niki de Saint Phalle
C. the happiness of the local people D. the New York Avenue Sculpture Project
5. According to the passage, Nike de Saint Phalle’s statues _______.
A. are part of a new public art project B. are very famous all over the US
C. stand for her major achievements D. appear in public for the first time
6. Which of the following is TRUE of The Three Graces?
A. It is the best work by Niki de Saint Phalle. B. It is based on some great dancers.
C. It is in memory of three female heroes. D. It is created in praise of different
women.
C
Bargaining is the rule here in Beijing. At least, it is so in most markets and back-street clothes
shops. Bargaining is an art and if you are unfamiliar with it, we'd like to offer you some advice.
The tips here are often used in Beijing but may help you at any place in the world where
bargaining is practiced.[
DO NOT say how much you want to pay for an item unless it’s near the end of the bargaining.
Always try and drop the seller's offering price as much as possible before opening your mouth
with a price.
DO throw out really low prices like 10 RMB with a big smile.
DO keep smiling from the beginning to the end. The seller usually continues bargaining with
a happy smiling face. Getting angry hardly gets you the price you want.
KEEP in mind the price offered by the seller at the beginning is usually at least 40% over the
generally reasonable price. It can be up to 500% over.
DO have an idea of what the item costs. You can ask your friends, people in the hotel or
others you know, or look at the list below. This is very general and is based on a market like Xiu
Shui. You may not be able to get the lowest prices at Xiu Shui, especially on a weekend when
there are lots of tourists around.
7. Who is this passage written for?
A. Owners of back-street shops. B. Businessmen in Beijing.
C. Those who are good at bargaining. D. Those who travel in Beijing.
8. What is the topic the writer is mainly talking about in this passage?
A. Beijing markets. B. Bargaining tips.
C. Lowest prices. D. Seller’s offer.
9. What is the most important thing to do in bargaining with the seller?
A. Keep smiling. B. Be patient.
C. Don’t get angry. D. Don’t say anything.
10. What is NOT included in the tips often used to bargain in Beijing?
A. Find out the true price and go to the markets with friends.
B. Don’t offer your price until the end of the bargaining with a smile.
C. Drop the seller’s offering price four or five times until he agrees.
D. Don’t go to markets at the time when there are too many tourists.
11. Which of the following can help you get an item you want at the lowest price?
A. Whenever you go shopping, take a price list with you.
B. You can bargain for anything at the price of 10 RMB.
C. The price range for you to bargain is usually between 40% and 500%.
D. Xiu Shui Market is the biggest shopping center where prices are always reasonable.
参考答案
I. 完成句子
1. was made up of 2. feel in the mood for 3. sounds like 4. disturbing
5. make up
II. 单项选择
CDABB DDCCD ABACB CACBA
III．阅读理解
ADA BAD DBAAC
微信/支付宝扫码支付