Module 5 Great people and Great Inventions of Ancient China
1） 词汇能力
单词 1.sense n.感觉,判断力,见识,……感,意义 2.responsibility n.责任 3.afford v.买得起;有足够的……(去做……) 4.belief n. 信念,信仰 5.contribution n.贡献 6.duty n.职责
7.equal adj.平等的 8.found vt.创立
9.justice n.正义 10.kindness n.仁慈,好意
11.order n.顺序,秩序,命令 12.principle n.原理
13.print v.印刷 14.respect v. & n. 尊敬
15.spread v.传播,散布 16.invent v.发明
短语 1.bring up教育,培养 2.look after 照料 3.believe in信仰,信任 4.at war 处于战争状态 5.no+比较级+than 并不比……
6.in conclusion 最后,总之 7.for the first time 第一次 2）听说能力
介绍中国古代一位名人 3）阅读能力
阅读文章，掌握语言点和重点句型。
4）语法能力
定语从句 5）写作能力
The Advantages and Disadvantages of …
重点词汇拓展
1. (n.) 秩序
2. (n.) 原则，准则
3. (n.) 职位
4. (vt.) 强调
5. (vi.) 辞职
6. (n.) 状况，条件，环境
7. (adj.)平等的 (n.)
8. (n.)重要性 (adj.)
9. (n. )顾问 (n.)建议 _ (v.)
10. (n.)诚实 (adj.)
11. (n.)公证 (adj.)
12. (n.)贡献 (v. )
13. (n.)争论 (v.)
Keys: 1. order 2. principle 3. position 4. stress 5. resign 6. condition 7.
equal, equality 8. importance, important 9. adviser, advice, advice 10. honesty, honest 11. justice, just 12. contribution, contribute 13. argument, argue 重点短语：
1. be at war with 与。。。。。。交战
2. bring up 养育，抚养
3. be proud of/take pride in 以。。。。。。为自豪
4. in conclusion 总之
5. be similar to 与。。。。。。相似
6. look after 照顾
7. become interested in 对。。。。。。感兴趣
8. be different from 与。。。。。。不同
【词汇】
1 order
n. 顺序, 正常状态, 秩序,命令, 定购, 定单 vt. 命令, 定购
in good order 情况良好
I tried to bring some order to the bookshelf. 我设法把书架整得有条理些。 The telephone's out of order. 电话机坏了。
I'll have an order of fish. 我要一份鱼。
The general has ordered an advance / that the army should advance. 将军已经命令部队向前推进。
The doctor ordered me to rest for a week or two. 医生嘱咐我休息一两个星期。
相关短语：
in order that 为了
in order to 为……的目的
place an order with sb. for sth. 和某人签订……订单 in order of 以。。。。。。的顺序
in order 井然有序，适宜的
out of order 紊乱的，出故障的 in good order 处于良好状态的 keep order 维持秩序
give/take orders 下达/接受命令
order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事
order that…(should)+ 动词原形 命令。。。。。。
order sb. sth.=order sth. for sb. 为某人订购。。。。。。 The names are listed in alphabetical order.
Some teachers find it difficult to keep their classes in order. I would like to place an order for ten copies of this book.
Shall I order a taxi for you?
They were ordered out of the class for fighting. 辨析order/command/instruct/direct order为常用词，虽然有时指“权威人士武断的命令”，但多用于非正式或个人间的命令。 command指“权威方面的正式下令。” instruct的含义是“指示，命令，指导”，属正式用语，强调“有系统的指导。” direct的含义“指导，指挥，指示”，多指“权威性的指导”。
She ordered the baggage to be brought to her room. The general commanded his men to attack the city.
She instructed him in how to do the experiment. Who directed the film?
2 stress
n. 重压, 压力, 重点, 强调, 重音 vt. 着重, 强调
to lay stress on sth. 着重某事
In fact, stress isn't a bad thing as it is often supposed to be. 事实上,压力并不像人们所认为的那样是一件坏事。
I must stress that we haven't much time. 我必须强调我们没有多少时间了。 The director stressed that point in particular. 厂长特别强调了那一点。
短语：under the stress of为。。。。。。所迫 cause/reduce stress造成/减少压力 He is under great stress because of his new job.
The boy stole under the stress of hunger.
The word “machine” is stressed on the second syllable.(重读) 3 resign n. 辞职
v.（常与from连用）辞去（职务） to resign from a job 辞职
（常与to连用）听从，顺从，甘心于
resign oneself to being defeated 甘心于失败 resignation n. 辞职, 辞职书, 放弃, 顺从 resigned adj. 顺从的, 听天由命的
短语：resign… to…把。。。。。。托付给。。。。。。 hand in one’s resigation递交 辞呈 withdraw one’s resignation撤回辞呈
4 contribution
n. 捐献, 贡献, 投稿
make contributions to 对……做出贡献 contribute v. 捐献, 贡献, 投稿
to contribute to several charities. 捐助一些慈善团体
to contribute food and clothing for the relief of the poor. 捐助食品和衣物救济贫 民。
Exercise contributes to better health. 锻炼能促成更强健的体魄。
to contribute two stories to the summer issue. 投两篇故事给夏季版 5 invent
v. 发明, 创造; 虚构；杜撰
Who invented the steam engine? 谁发明了蒸气机？ Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876. 一八七六年阿历山大∙格雷厄姆∙贝尔发明了电话。
invent a story 虚构一个故事
He invented an excuse for his absence. 他为缺席编造了一个借口。 The whole story was invented. 整个故事是虚构的。
inventor n. 发明者, 发明家 invention n. 发明, 创造
inventive adj. 善于创造的, 发明的 6 condition
n. 条件, 情形, 环境, 社会地位
the condition of weightlessness 失重状态
The car is in very good condition. 这辆汽车情况良好。 to make a condition 讲条件
conditions 环境
Conditions in the office made concentration impossible. 办公室的状况根本不可能使人专心。
on condition that… 条件是 7 sense
n. 感觉,判断力,见识,……感,意义 vt. 感到, 理解, 认识
He has a good sense of smell. 他的嗅觉很灵敏。
A sense of humour is a great asset for a person. (喻) 幽默感是一个人的宝贵资产。 a good business sense 有经济头脑
A driver has a good sense of locality. 司机对于方位有很强的辨识力。 (pl) 理智；神智；思维的能力
Have you taken lost your senses? 你失去理智了吗？
The dog sensed that I was afraid. 这只狗感觉到我害怕了。
in a sense 在某一方面；就某种意义来说 make sense 有意义；意思清楚；有道理 make sense of 理解；懂；明白
8. be at war with与。。。。。。交战 A civil/cold war 内战，冷战 make/declare war on 宣战
go to war 诉诸武力 at+名词，构成短语，表示“处于一种。。。。。。的状态。” at rest 在休息
at rist 在冒险 at work 在工作 at table 在吃饭
Where were you living when the war broke out? In 1920, Poland and Russia were still at war.
The government has declared war on drug dealers. We seem to be winning the war against crime.
【阅读】
1 课本原句
1) Ancient China was a place where states were often at war with each other.
2) But it was also a time when there were many great philosophers.
3) Confucius is the philosopher whose influence has been the greatest
4) Mencius was a thinker whose teachings were very similar to those of Confucius.
5) Mencius believed that the reason why man is different from animals is that man is good.
6) Born in 476 BC, he came from a family which was very poor.
7) As a result, he spent many years trying to find a state where people would follow his teachings.
8) Mozi taught that we should love all human beings and look after those who are weaker than ourselves. 以上8个句子都含有定语从句（划线部分），请参照下面解释做好对定语从句的复习。
定语从句 定语从句在句中作定语,修饰名词或代词,被修饰的名词或代词被称为先行词。定语从句
通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。
关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which等。关系副词有:when, where, why 等。
1. 关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词所代替的先行词是表示人或物的名词或代词,并 在从句中充当主语、宾语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和
数要和先行词保持一致。
(1) who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是表示人的名词或代词,在从句中作主语或宾 语。如:
He is the right person who I want to find for my film.
(2) whose 用来指人或物,只用作定语。它还可以用the+n.+ of which/(表人时用 whom)结构来替换。如:
Please pass me the book whose cover is torn. Please pass me the book the cover of which is torn.
(3) which, that所代替的先行词是表示物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。如: Italy is a famous city which has a lot of buildings.
2. 关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词前的先行词是表示时间、地点或理由的名词,when, where, why等引导的从句在句中作状语。关系副词的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构。 1）when, where, why
关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用，例如：
There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时 候。
Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮他的 理由吗？
2）that代替关系副词
that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略，例如：
His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父亲在他出生那 年逝世了。
He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。
Is this the reason (that / why /for which) he refused our offer? 3. 判断关系代词与关系副词
(1) 用关系代词,还是关系副词取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面要求用关系代词 作宾语；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词作状语。如:
This is the mountain village where I visited last year. (误) This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. (正)
I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. (误) I’ll never forget the days when I worked together with you. (正)
(2) 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分,也能正确选择出关系代词或关系副词。 [例句1] Is this museum you visited a few days ago?
A. where B. that C. on which D. the one
[分析] 正确选项为D。该句变为肯定句为:This museum is _ you visited a few days
ago.该句缺先行词,而where, that, on which都不能充当先行词,只有the one既作了主句的 表语,又可作从句的宾语,而且作宾语的关系代词可以省略,所以应选D。
[例句2] Is this the museum the exhibition was held?
A. where B. that C. which D. the one
[分析] 正确选项为A。该句变为肯定句为:This is the museum the exhibition was held. 该句主句中不缺成分,where在从句部分作地点状语,也可用介词in + which 引导从 句。如果C项中的which前面加in,也是正确选项。
2 Mencius was a thinker whose teachings were very similar to those of Confucius. 孟子是一位思想家，他的很多思想和孔子的思想很相像。
those 是代词，为that 的复数形式，相当于 the principles, 又如：
No bread is as sweet as that (= the bread) made by your own hands.
The books in your store are much more expensive than those (=the books) in mine.
3 His father died when he was young, and he was brought up by his mother. 在他很小的时候父亲就去世了，他是由母亲抚养大的。
bring up 教育, 培养, 提出, 呕吐
She brought up 5 children. 她养育大了5个孩子。
You can bring up your proposal at the meeting. 你可以把建议在会议上提出来。 与bring搭配的短语：
bring about引起，导致 bring back 带回，使记起
bring down 使。。。。。。降低，转到下页 bring in 引入，赚得
bring out 出版，显现出 bring on 引起，带来，导致
What brought about the change in his attitude?
The photographs brought back many pleasant memories. 4 He then became an adviser to another ruler. 他后来成为领一个统治者的谋臣。
an adviser to sb. 某人的谋士/顾问，其中的to 表示所属，相当于of, 又如： a key to the lock 锁的钥匙
the entrance to the hall 大厅的入口
an monument to the hero 那个英雄的纪念碑
5 For many years he traveled from state to state, teaching the principles of Confucius.
他周游列国多年，宣扬孔子的思想。
1）from state to state 也可以说成 from one state to another。
2）teaching the principles of Confucius 是现在分词结构，表示这一动作伴随着
traveled发生。 又如：
They went to the judge, cursing each other. 他们互相咒骂着，去找法官了。
6 Mencius believed that the reason why man is different from animals is that man is good.
孟子认为人之所以不同于动物，就在于人是善良的。
The reason why … is that …. 经常用来表示：……的原因是（因为）……,其中why所引导 的从句是定语，修饰the reason，that所引导的从句做表语，一般不用because引导。 The reason why he was late was that he was caught in a traffic jam. 他迟到的原因是堵车。
7 Born in 476 BC, he came from a family which was very poor. 他于公元前476年出生于一个贫寒的家庭。
Born in 476 BC 是一个过去分词短语，与主语he 构成被动关系，相当于：he was born in 476 BC。这个结构在语法上有不同的意见，有人把它理解成状语，当然更多的人理解成 定语。但是只要同学们理解到它与主语的关系即可。
First played in 776 BC, the Olympics only had men players.
Opened last year, the computer center is an attraction to the young people here.
8. Treat others in the way you want to be treated. 己所不欲，勿施于人。
way作为“方式，方法”的意思时，在句中作先行词，如果关系代词在定语从句中作状语， 那么可以用that或in which 来引导，that或in which也可省略。
I like the way(that/in which) she organized the meeting.
Would you like to perform once again the way(that/in which) you climbed up the high tree?
其它与way搭配的短语：
by way of 途径，取道，为了。。。。。。目的 in a way 在某种程度上
in the/one’s way 挡道，阻碍 in no way 决不
in this/that way=by this/that means=with this/that method 用这种/那种方法 on the way to 在去。。。。。。的途中
make one’s way 前进 no way 一点也不
all the way 一路上
9. With the Industrial Revolution, factories appeared and mass production became possible for the first time.
由于工业革命，工厂出现了，大规模的生产第一次成为可能。
for the first time意为“第一次”，表示有生以来第一次做某事，在句中作状语。
for the+序数词 (first, second, last等)+time表达“第。。。。。。次”，在句中作状语。 This/It is/was the first(second等)+time+that 这是第几次做。。。。。。that可省略， 从句用完成时态。
the first(second等)time 相当于一个连词，常引导一个表示时间的状语从句，意为“第几 次做某事的时候”。
“a+序数词 +time或其他名词”相当于 again/another之意。 Tom and Mary met in New York for the first time.
This is the first time (that ) I have visited the Great Wall. The first time he came to China, he visited Shanghai.
He still didn’t get any information from her, so he gave her a second telephone.
【语法】
讲解见阅读一
练习 请找出下列各句中的错误并加以改正。
1. This is the factory where we visited last week.
2. This is the watch for which Tom is looking.
3. The person to who you spoke is a student of Grade Two.
4. The house in that we live is very small.
5. The sun gives off light and warmth, that makes it possible for plants to grow.
6. I’ve read all the books which I borrowed from the library.
7. This is the best film which I have ever seen.
8. My father and Mr. Smith talked about things and persons who they remembered in the country.
9. Everything which we saw was of great interest.
10. His dog, that was now very old, became ill and died.
11. The reason which he didn’t go to school is that he was ill.
12. Those who wants to go with me put up your hands.
13. The boy, his mother died last year, studies very hard.
14. I have two sisters, both of them are doctors.
15. We’re going to visit the school where your brother works there.
16. He is the only one of the students who have been invited to the English Evening.
17. That is the way which they work.
18. Those have questions can ask the teachers for advice.
19. Who is the man who has white hairs?
20. I will never forget the days which we had a good time together at the sea. 答案与部分解析:
1. where → that/which或去掉where。
2. 把for放在looking之后。英语中,有些短语动词,介词或副词不可与动词相分离。又 如:look after, run into等，因为分开后容易引起句子的歧义。
3. who → whom。尽管在口语中who, whom都能作宾语,但在介词后只能用whom。
4. that → which。
5. that → which。that不可以引导非限制性定语从句。
6. which → that或去掉which。当先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little等修饰时,常用 that引导定语从句。
7. which → that或去掉which。当先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级或the only, the very 等所修饰时,常用that引导定语从句。
8. who → that。如果先行词既指人又指物时,常用that引导定语从句。
9. which → that或去掉which。当先行词为something, anything, everything, nothing, all等时,常由that引导定语从句。
10. that → which。
11. which → why/which前加for或去掉which。
12. wants → want。定语从句中谓语动词的数应与先行词一致。
13. his → whose。
14. them → whom或both前加and。
15. 去掉there。
16. have → has。当one of+名词复数作先行词时,从句的谓语用复数;但是当one前有the (only)时,从句谓语要用单数。
17. which → that/which前加in或去掉which。
18. Those后加who。
19. 第二个who → that。当主句是以who 或which开头的疑问句时, 定语从句常用that 引 导, 以避免重复。
20. which →when 或which前加in。
【听说】 根据下列提示,介绍屈原，可发挥。
1.阴历5月5日是中国的端午节,这是为了纪念屈原。
2.屈原生于当时属于楚国领地湖北省的秭归,当时还是2 200年前的战国时期。
3.智慧过人,遭人陷害,被皇帝怀疑而放逐。
4.过着隐士诗人的生活,写了“楚辞”。
5.最后因绝望而自沉汨罗江。
6.人们闻讯之后,赶紧乘船去救他,但为时已晚,他们往河里扔米饭以喂其灵魂。
7.端午节吃粽子由此而来。
8.《离骚》写的是他自己和其他热爱国家的人士的生活。
生词:
阴历:lunar calendar; 端午节Dragon-Boat Festival; 楚国:Chu State;战国时期:Warring States Period; 放逐:drive sb. off
On the 5th of the fifth month of the Chinese lunar calendar，we have our big Dragon-Boat Festival. The important event is the dragon-boat race in memory of Qu Yuan，a great poet in ancient China.
Qu Yuan was born in Zigui of Hubei Province，which was part of the Chu State during the Warring States Period，over 2 200 years ago. In his life time， because of his wisdom，other officials hated him very much and caused the emperor to believe that he was not devoted. So he received the displeasure of the emperor and was driven off from the kingdom.
From then on Qu Yuan lived the life of a hermit（隐士）and became an
excellent poet. He was one of the authors of “Chu Ci”（Poems of Chu State）.
His poem“Li Sao” written about his own life and other important ones are all filled with his deep love for his country.
At last，however，he was so discouraged that he had to end his life by throwing himself into the Miluo River. It is said that the people rushed out in their boats to try to save him when they heard the terrible news，but it was too late.
Also，they were so sad that they threw rice in the water to feed Qu Yuan’s spirit， so now we can see the dragon-boat races and have a kind of Chinese food named “zong-zi”for us to entertain friends，especially children，during the Dragon-Boat Festival.
【写作】
英语说“Everything coin has two sides”，任何的事情都有两面性。因此，事物的两 面性论述（advantages & disadvantages）一般是高中英语论说文的重点,常议论的对象 有：cars, computers, the Internet, part-time jobs 等等。
请参见下面两篇文章：
（一）请根据下面的图表以及中文提示所提供的信息，写一篇报道投给校英语报，简 要描述我国近年来私人轿车的增长情况以及可能会带来的影响(正反两面)。
1、出行方便快捷 有助于汽车工业的发展 污染空气 交通事故增多
In recent years the number of private cars has been increasing rapidly in our country. In 1990, there were about one million private cars. As time went on, the number of private cars went up to 5 million in 1999, and there were more than 10 million private cars in 2004.
As we know, it is very convenient to go to any place if we have a car. Besides, the increase of the number of private cars can help car industry to develop faster.
However, more cars may cause traffic accidents and more air pollution. What’s more, waste gases from cars can do great harm to our health.
It’s high time that people should pay enough attention to these problems.
（二）Part-time Jobs for Students 请试填空缺处内容。
. (学生拥有兼职工作有很多的优 点) （例如） it helps him realize that success comes from hard work.
（同时工作也能使学生）to be independent and builds up his self- confidence. （因此）, part –time jobs can get the students out of the ivory tower and give them the chance to know more of themselves and of the personal value in society.
_. （任何事情都有两面性，因此 我们也不能忽视其缺点）Part-time jobs cut into students’ study time. Some students become so obsessed with making money that they can’t focus their attention on study. The result is that these students may fall behind or fail in their studies.
__, （在我看来）we should never ignore the fact that our studies come first, （尽管） it is good for us to take part-time jobs. We must arrange out time properly so that we can study well and benefit from part-time
jobs at the same time.
第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出 最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关 小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What does the man mean? A．He enjoys his job very much. B．He doesn’t like his job.
C．He hasn’t a job.
2．How did the woman get there?
A．By car. B．By bus. C．By bike. 3．Where will the woman go on Saturday?
A．To theatre. B．To school. C．To airport. 4．How much did the man’s camera cost?
A．$ 160. B．$ 80. C．$ 40. 5．What does the woman mean?
A．She can help the man with the question. B．She asks the man to go out with her.
C．She wants the man to do her a favor. 第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三 个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读 各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读 两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6 至 8 题。
6．Who do you think the man probably be? A．An athlete.
B．A stranger in the town. C．A businessman.
7．The man wanted to know _. A．where the sports centre was
B．if the woman knew a friend of his C．if there was a sports centre
8．What sport was the man interested in?
A．Swimming. B．Playing football. C．Surfing.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 9 至 11 题。
9．How long will the woman stay in Australia?
A．Three weeks. B．Two weeks. C．One week. 10．How will the woman go to Australia?
A．By air. B．By sea. C．By train. 11．What happened on the plane when the man flew to China? A．The engine was on fire.
B．The plane was on fire. C．The pilot was ill.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 12 至 14 题。 12．What did the woman do last night? A．Watched a football game on television. B．Saw a film in a cinema.
C．Saw a film on television. 13．What did the man do last night?
A．Went to watch a football game in the sports center. B．Watched a football game on TV.
C．Went to see an old friend.
14．Which of the following is true about the woman’s husband? A．He enjoyed the football match very much.
B．He missed the beginning of the film. C．He read a book.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 15 至 17 题。 15．What did the man do yesterday? A．He played basketball yesterday. B．He played soccer yesterday.
C．He climbed a tree yesterday.
16．What happened to the man yesterday? A．He twisted his ankle yesterday.
B．He broke his arm yesterday. C．He fell off a tree yesterday.
17．What happened to the man ten years ago? A．He fell off a tree and broke his ribs.
B．He had an accident and twisted his ankle. C．He has an accident and injured his left leg.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。
18．How often did the man pass the house in the last 14 years? A．Once a week. B．Once a month. C．Once a year.
19．What do you know about Mary?
A．She died fourteen years ago.
B．She was 19 years old when the man came to her house. C．She was the man’s daughter.
20．What is the man doing after he drops at Mary’s house? A．He’s driving away at once.
B．He’s ringing the doorbell. C．He’s meeting Mary in the house.
Ⅰ词汇
1. Many i businessmen were discussing the global economic situation.
2. It’s my b _ that her death was not an accident.
3. The two cars are both red but they are s only in colour.
4. Confucius and Mencius were great people of a China.
5. Whose ideas i China society for more than 2,000 years?
6. He r_ _(辞职) from the company in order to take a more challenging job.
7. Confucius was one of the most important ancient Chinese (哲学家).
8. He doubted her (诚实) when she told him her personal experiences.
9. Diligence as well as modesty is my life __(原则).
10. In order to get a better _ (职位) in this company, he works hard day and night. Ⅱ 单项填空
1. The old lady _when I was in the countryside is said to be still very much alive though in her nineties.
A. after whom I looked B. whom I took care
C. who I looked after D. of whom I took care
2. Being kind to others should be everyone’s of life. __, our world will be more peaceful and beautiful.
A. aim; If so B. standard; If that C. belief; Even so D. principle; If so 3.—I heard that your daughter had been admitted by a famous university.
—But they charge so high tuition. I can’t _such a large sum.
A. afford B. offer C. take D. spare
4. The invention of paper was a great contribution to human civilization.
A. a; a B. the; the C. /; / D. the;/
5. The United States has become a significant musical _ around the world.
A. effect B. affect C. infection D. influence
6. Doctors are still trying their best to _the boy for his broken leg.
A. cure B. recover C. operate D. treat 7.Anyone who has a _of humor can get along well in society.
A. sense; / B. feeling; the C. mind; / D. taste; the 8.—How was your examination?
—It wasn’t very difficult, but it was __long.
A. too much B. so much C. very much D. much too
9. Learning foreign languages calls for your memory, time, patience and emotions.
__,it is not a simple thing.
A. As a result B. In conclusion C. In general D. After all 10.The twins are so much _that it is difficult to tell one from the other.
A. similar B. equal C. like D. alike
11. He found out that it didn’t him to live in the city.
A. match B. suit C. meet D. equal
12. Jennifer didn’t attend the important conference, and that’s she hadn’t been informed of it.
A. why B. the reason C. because D. for
13. ,parents should spend as much time as they can with their children, thus they can influence them on the value of life.
A. It is said; to be B. They say; being
C. As is said; to be D. It is said that; be
14. Alice received an invitation from her boss, came as a surprise.
A. it B. that C. which D. he
15.I don’t like you speak to her.
A. the way B. the way in that
C. the way which D.t he way of which
1. Government reports, legal papers and most business letters are the main
situations English is used.
A. when B. that C. how D. where
2. Is this the reason at the meeting for his carelessness in the work?
A. he explained B. what he explained
C. how he explained D. why he explained
3. A computer is so useful a machine we can use everywhere.
A. that B. which C. as D. what
4. –Do you still remember the days _ we spent in the countryside ten years ago?
--Yes, I’ll never forget the experience.
A. where B. when C. that D. what
5. It was in Beihai Park _ they made a date for the first time the old couple told us their love story.
A. where, that B. that, where C. where, where D. that, when
6. The hard-working peasants and their happy life we saw in the countryside made a wonderful impression on us.
A. / B. who C. which D. whom
7. –The authors of computer viruses are geniuses.
--I agree. They can apply their wisdom to other net technology human beings can benefit.
A. in which B. through which C. on which D. from which
8. Luckily, we’d bought a map without we would have lost our way.
A. it B. that C. this D. which
9. I shall never forget the day Shenzhou V was launched, _ has a great effect on my life.
A. when, which B. that, which C. which, that D. when, that
10. Madam Curie, life had once been very hard, was given two Nobel Prizes.
A. of whom B. for whom C. for whose D. in whom
A 组
1. All the countries in the world should _ each other, though some developing countries can’t equal developed ones some sections.
A. be equal to, in B. be equal with, on C. be equal, on D. be equal to, of
2. His order was that he next day.
A. returned B. return C. was to return D. would return
3. How can you resign yourself _ such a terrible group?
A. to cooperating with B. in cooperating with
C. to cooperating on D. in cooperating on
4. The two countries have been war each other for more than five years.
A. at, for B. in, against C. at, with D. in, with
5. Young children should be to be honest and equal.
A. brought up B. brought out C. brought down D. brought in
6. What surprised me was not what he said but he said it.
A. in the way B. in the way that C. the way D. the way which
7. The little boy showed great interest chemistry when he was doing it
the first time.
A. in, for B. on, for C. in, on D. for, at B组
1. The flooded area is in of total neglect. The people have to live in makeshift tents under the most appalling __.
A. a condition, condition B. a condition, conditions
C. conditions, condition D. conditions, conditions
2. When the strike was on, the police were called out to .
A. take action B. keep guard C. keep order D. watch out
3. Charlie Chaplin great contributions to the film industry.
A. took B. made C. supplied D. invented
4. The reason I was late for the school was I was held by traffic jam in the morning.
A. why, because B. that, that C. that, because D. why, that
5. are you allowed to do that.
A. On condition that B. On no condition
C. In no condition D. In condition that
6. __, her health has improved, but she is still not really well.
A. All the way B. In a way C. In the way D. By the way
7. All man are created _.
A. equal B. equally C. equalling D. equalled
8. When he came back from abroad, our country was with Japan.
A. at a war B. at war C. at the war D. on war
9. , I’d like to say thank you to all of you for coming here. Which of the following is WRONG?
A. In conclusion B. In the end C. Lastly D. At the end
10. Would you please read through my composition and correct the mistake in it
?
A. if some B. if possible C. if only D. if any
11. This is the first time that he to join us in a research.
A. agree B. agreed C. has agreed D. will agree
12. –Don’t you want __?
--Please show me .
A. it, the other B. one, the other C. it, another D. one, another
13. An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered
clear warnings before firing any shot.
A. to issue B. being issued C. to be issued D. to have issued
14. This is an unpleasant subject we might argue for a long while.
A. in which B. with them C. about which D. with it
15. I thought her nice and honest I met her.
A. the first time B. for the first time
C. first time D. by the first time
Ⅲ 完型填空
Once the King of India was ill and sent for his doctor. The doctor came, 1 him and said,“You will be well soon in a few days if you take bull’s milk.”The King was
2 ,for he had never heard of a bull that gave milk,“How is it 3 ?”he asked. “Order Gulbo to get it for you,” answered the doctor,“He can do
anything.”Gulbo was a person with great knowledge and was 4 to the doctor. So the doctor thought this would be a way of making him 5 .When the King told Gulbo what the doctor said and 6 him to get bull’s milk, Gulbo 7 understood what the doctor was trying to do.
When he got home, he sat thinking how to get out of the 8 .His daughter, seeing him worried, asked what was the 9 .On hearing what the King had asked for , she said,“Don’t 10 ,Father, I will help you.”
The next day she took some old clothes, went to the bank of the river near the palace, and chose a place 11 the King’s bedroom window. In the middle of the night, she started to do her washing. She made so much noise 12 the King could not sleep. The King got very angry and sent a guard to 13 what was the matter.
The soldier found the girl, and led her to the King.“Why do you wash your clothes here at night?”said the King.
The girl 14 to be afraid and said,“I had to wash clothes at night. This afternoon my father had a baby, I was 15 all day because of that. Then I found there were no clean 16 for the baby, so I had to come and wash them now.”
“What!” cried the King.“Are you trying to make a 17 of me? I have never heard of a man having a baby.”
“Well, if the King himself orders someone to get bull’s milk for him, 18 can’t a man have a baby?”
The King smiled and said, “You must be Gulbo’s 19 .”Go and tell your father that he may keep the bull’s milk for his 20 .
1．A．checked B．tested C．judged D．examined 2．A．pleased B．surprised C．touched D．moved 3．A．possible B．impossible C．usual D．unusual
4．A．a friend B．an enemy C．a neighbor D．a patient
5．A．suffer B．happy C．angry D．laugh 6．A．begged B．ordered C．decided D．demanded 7．A．suddenly B．certainly C．immediately D．directly 8．A．chance B．situation C．position D．difficulty 9．A．matter B．wrong C．thing D．problem 10．A．frighten B．worry C．doubt D．fear 11．A．above B．on C．below D．under 12．A．but B．when C．as D．that 13．A．find out B．get out C．take out D．bring out 14．A．began B．looked C．became D．pretended 15．A．busy B．free C．surprised D．anxious 16．A．food B．clothes C．bowls D．bottles 17．A．trick B．joke C．friend D．fool 18．A．why B．how C．who D．what 19．A．girl B．daughter C．wife D．friend 20．A．daughter B．son C．girl D．baby
Ⅳ 阅读理解
A
No one can believe that the over 6 300-kilometer long Great Wall might disappear some day. Believe it or not, the Great Wall is being destroyed by people. Less than 20 percent of the Great Wall built in the Ming Dynasty is still perfect, but about 80 percent is in danger. The Great Wall can be called “great” mostly
because of its amazing length. But we should realize that the length was made up of one brick at a time. If we do nothing to save the Great Wall, it will become a series of separate wasteland rather than a historic site.
The Great Wall is actually a series of walls built and rebuilt by different dynasties over the past 2 000 years. It began in the rule of China’s first emperor, Qin Shihuang of the Qin Dynasty (221 BC～206 BC),and lasted into the Ming Dynasty. The parts built before the Ming Dynasty have nearly disappeared. People are familiar with sections such as Badaling in Beijing and Jiayuguan Pass in Gansu because they have been open to tourists for many years. But t hose sectio ns far
away from the publi c eyes have been almost forgotten.
Few local people knew the 3-meter-high walls made of earth and stones beside them are part of the Great Wall. The lack of knowledge is considered as one of the main reasons behind human.
The bricks on the Great Wall are carried off by countryside people to build their houses, sheep corral(畜栏) and pigsties(猪圈).Some were taken away to build
roads. Bricks carved with people’s names are put away as remembrance. Rubbish
is spread over the battlements(城垛).The bricks can be sold for 15 yuan per tractor load. Those who destroyed and are destroying the Great Wall know its name, but are not clear about its cultural meaning. It will take a long time to let them know this. The local farmers not only carried off the body of the Wall but dug out the entire base.
It is necessary to protect the Great Wall. First of all, the officials should be aware of the importance of the Great Wall. Young Chinese should know more about the nation’s great civilization (文明)and learn to love it.
1. The main reason for which the Great Wall can be called “great” is .
A. it was made by brick B. it was very wide
C. it was very long D. it had a long history 2.Why does the author say the Great Wall might disappear?
A. It is useless from now on. B. It will be replaced by a new one.
C. Some parts of it are being destroyed. D. It’s too old to be used again.
3. The underlined part “those sections far away from the public eyes” refers to the parts of the Great Wall .
A. that are too difficult to understand
B. nobody can watch
C. that are too far to been seen
D. that are not well known to the public
4. What’s the main reason of the Great Wall’s being destroyed?
A. The local people are short of culture knowledge.
B. The local people need bricks and stones to build houses.
C. The local people think that the Great Wall is not important.
D. The local people are against the government.
B COUPONS
Supermarkets and large drugstores often run ads in newspapers.
Many supermarkets also have product coupons printed in the newspaper. A coupon is a promise to take money off the price of a certain product. Coupons are often printed on small pieces of paper.
Coupons have product names on them. If you buy the product, you give the cashier your coupon along with everything you buy. The cashier will s ubtract the amount printed on the coupon from the full price of the product.
Coupons are small and have lots of information printed on them. You should read them carefully.
One thing you will find on the coupon is an expiration date. An expiration date
is the date that tells when something can not be used any more.
You may also find conditions for using the coupon. Conditions tell you the rules of the coupon. They tell you how the coupon may be used. For example, a coupon may be good for only the smallest size of an item.
5. We can find all of the following on coupons EXCEPT _.
A. product names B. expiration dates
C. full prices of the products D. conditions for using them 6.According to the passage, a coupon holder can _.
A. save some money B. get products for free
C. pay less for everything D. use them at any time 7.What does the underlined word “subtract” mean?
A. add. B. minus. C. calculate. D. ignore.
C
The West began to take more notice of the East. The fifth volume of an enormous work reassessing the Chinese contribution to science and technology is to be published next year. The first volume, which was published twenty years ago, set the tone for the whole work. In it, evidence was given to show that many inventions which, until then, western historians had claimed for Europe, were
made first in China. The attempt to rewrite the intellectual history of the world was not received without protest by some reputable historians. However, the evidence that has been presented so far in the first four volumes has persuaded many historians who were s keptical at first. China’s invention of paper, printing, the magnetic compass and gunpowder has never been disputed, but this new history has added advanced bridge design, mechanical clocks, paddle boats and many other inventions to the list.
In the four volumes published so far no attempt has been made to explain why China has not kept up with the West in science and technology in modern times. It is probable that the answer is to be found in the social and economic history of China, where a static(稳定的) society under a relatively kind regime(政权) of
scholar-gentry(贵族) contrasts with the potentially revolutionary and dynamic(有活 力的) society of the West at the end of the Middle Ages. In recent years, the Chinese government has been making every effort to catch up with the West again, and there is little doubt that the gap is being reduced year by year. But will China avoid the West’s mistakes?
8. The first volume was published_ __.
A. ten years ago B. last year
C. five years ago D. twenty years ago
9. In Line 7,the word “skeptical” means .
A. doubtful B. worried C. sad D. angry 10.Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage?
A. Gunpowder. B. Needle. C. Paddle boats. D. Bridge design. 11.The best title for this passage is .
A. China’s Inventions
B. Comparisons Between the East and the West
C. China Is Catching Up
D. Situations in China
D
According to the dictionary definition of “create, ordinary people are creative every day”. To create means “to bring into being, to cause to exist something each of us does daily”.
We are creative whenever we look at or think about something in a new way. First, this includes an awareness(意识) of our surroundings. It means using all of our senses to become aware of our world. This may be as simple as being aware of color and texture(质地),as well as taste, when we plan a meal. Above all, it is the ability to notice things that others might miss.
A second part of creativity is an ability to see relationships among things. If we believe the expression,“There is nothing new under the sun, the creativity is remaking or recombining(重组) the old in new ways.”For example, we might do this by finding a more effective way to study or a better way to arrange our furniture, or we might make a new combination of camera lenses and filters to create an unusual photograph.
A third part of creativity is the courage and drive to make use of our new ideas, to ask for them to achieve some new results. To think up a new idea is one thing;
to put the idea to work is another.
These three parts of creativity are included in all the great works of geniuses, but they are also included in many of our day-to-day activities.
12. Which of the following activities is NOT a creative one according to the passage?
A. To prepare for a meal.
B. To arrange the furniture in a special way.
C. To buy some books from a bookstore.
D. To “write” a letter with the computer.
13.“There is nothing new under the sun” really implies that _.
A. a new thing can only be created at the basis of earliest things
B. a new thing is only a tale
C. we can seldom create new things
D. we can hardly see really new things in the world
14. What does the author think about the relationship between a new thought and its being put into practice?
A. It’s more difficult to create a new thought than to use it in practice.
B. To find a new thought will clearly lead to the production of a new thing.
C. A man with an excellent ability of practice can easily become an inventor.
D. One may come up with a new thought, but can not put it into practice. 15.The best title for this passage is _.
A. How to Develop One’s Creativity B. What Is Creativity
C. The Importance of Creativity D. Creativity, a Not Faraway Thing Ⅴ 写作练习
翻译下列句子
1．这里的气候与我家乡的很相似。
2．我不喜欢他和他母亲说话的样子。 (way)
3．请稍等。他正在楼上工作。(at) 4．在那个时代，人们过着平静祥和的生活。(It was a time when…) 5．我们从小被教育要尊敬(respect)老人。
6．他之所以没有来的原因是因为他昨天病了。(reason)
7．中华人民共和国成立于1949年。(found)
8．你们必须听从老师们的教导。(follow)
9．胜利的消息传遍了全国。(spread)
10．她的工作与计算机有一些关系。(to do with) 11．随着圣诞的临近(approach)天气变的冷了许多。(with) 12．这是我有生以来第一次自己做饭。
VI. 单项选择：
1. Born into a family with three brothers, David was to value the sense of sharing.
A. brought up B. turned down C. looked after D. held back
2. She showed the visitors around the museum,the construction_ __had taken more than three years.
A. for which B.with which C.of which D.to which
3. Julie was good at German,French and Russian,all of _she spoke fluently. A.who B.whom C.which D.that
4. As a child,Jack studied in a village school, is named after his
grandfather.
A. which B.where C.what D.that
5. Wind power is an ancient source of energy _we may return in the near
future.
A. on which B.by which C.to which D.from which
听力原文
(Text 1)
W：Hi, Ben, congratulations! I heard you’ve got a new job. When will you start to work?
M：You must be thinking of someone else. I’m still waiting to hear the good news.
(Text 2)
M：Why are you so late?
W：There’s something wrong with my car and I had to wait for the bus. (Text 3)
M：Shall we go to the movie on Saturday?
W：Well, what I really like is to see a film, but I have to go to a lecture. (Text 4)
W：I suppose your camera is about $ 80. M：Eighty? Actually it’s double that price. (Text 5)
M：This question is really beyond me. W：Why not come?
(Text 6)
W：Can I help you with anything?
M：Yes. Hi, I was wondering if you could tell me whether there’s a sports centre in town?
W：Yes, indeed there is. Is there any particular sport you are interested in? M：Well. I’d like to go swimming.
W：Yes, they have an Olympic sites swimming pool there. This leaflet will give you all the opening times and the prices.
M：Great! Thank you very much. (Text 7)
M：Where are you going for your holidays, Kate?
W：To Australia. I’m going to visit my uncle for two weeks. M：Really? You’re so lucky! How are you going there?
W：By air, of course. It takes over one week to go by sea.
M：I once went to China by air. It was very exciting but never again. W：Why? Did you feel frightened?
M：For a short time. One of the engines caught fire. W：What did the pilot do?
M：He put it out and flew back. Then he asked the people at the airport where the emergency runway was.
W：Did you land safely?
M：Yes, we did. But I shall never fly again. (Text 8)
M：Did you watch television last night, Charles? W：Yes, I did.
M：It was a good game, wasn’t it?
W：Oh. I didn’t watch the football match. I wanted to, but my husband preferred to see the old film.
M：What a pity. It was quite exciting. Both teams played very well. W：How did it finish?
M：It finished in a draw. What was the film like?
W：It was quite good. But I missed the beginning of it because I had to eat first.
M：Did your husband enjoy it?
W：No, he didn’t. After half an hour he stopped watching and started to read a book.
(Text 9)
W：Say, Bill. You’re limping! What’s the matter with your leg? M：Oh, I twisted my ankle when playing soccer yesterday.
W：Oh, that’s too bad.
M：Oh, don’t worry. I’m tough, but my ankles are a little weak. Have you ever broken any bones?
W：Yes, I broke my arm when I was eight years old. I fell off a tree. M：It really hurts. Doesn’t it?
W：Yes, it does. Have you ever broken anything?
M：Yes, I broke two ribs and my left leg in a car accident about ten years ago. W：It sounds like you’re unlucky.
M：Yes, it does.
(Text 10)
When I drive back to London, I pass Mary’s old house. I must have done this once a month for the last fourteen years and have hardly given it a second look.
Her family left it years ago. Now I have stopped and am ringing the doorbell.
Maybe whoever opens the door will be someone else, perhaps the house keeper. I ring the bell again. It makes the same noise as fourteen years ago. I know now
that nobody will come, and that seems right. Nobody could ever replace the nineteen-year-old girl, who used to throw open the door as quickly as possible. And always she was surprised. ‘It is you!’ as if she had expected somebody else, or had been afraid I wouldn’t come.
答案：
1-5 CBBAA 6-10 BCABA 11-15 ACBCB 16-20 ACBBB
必会基础 Ⅰ词汇
1. influential 2. belief 3. similar 4. ancient 5. influenced
6. resigned 7. philosophers 8. honesty 9. principle 10. position Ⅱ 单项填空
1. C 此定语从句的正确说法是whom I took care of/whom I look after。take care of/look after 是固定短语，介词of/after在定语从句中不能提前。
2. D principle 原则；if so 如果那样的话。
3. A afford 支付得起。
4. C paper 物质名词，意为“纸”，前面不加冠词；human civilization “人类文明”，习惯 上前面也不用冠词。
5. D influence势力, 有影响的人(或事), effect 效果，影响；infection 感染；affect动 词，意为“影响”。
6. D 词组“treat sb.for his+身体部位”，意为“治疗某人的某个不适的部位”，而其他动 词：cure“治愈”，与介词of连用；recover“复元”，与介词from连用；operate 后面不接 人作宾语。
7. A 幽默感用“a sense of humor”；society前不用冠词。
8. D much too加形容词，而too much其后加不可数名词。和much一样的词是far，可 以用来修饰too。
9. B in conclusion 总之；as a result 结果是……；in general 一般来说；after all 别忘 了。
10. D alike“相象”，而similar是“相似”之意；“相同的”在英语中常用的有三个词same， similar，alike，但用法不同。same与定冠词不可，分总用the same，或用指示代词；而 similar是类似、近似，常与to连用；alike则只能作表语，表示相象。
11. B 句意为“他发现不适合生活在城市中”。match 相配，相称；suit 合适，适合；meet
满足；equal等于，比得上。
12. C that/this做主语时，表语从句如果表示的是原因，用because引导表语从句, “这是 因为……”。
13. B they say 可作插入语，意为“人们说”。spend time doing sth.花费时间做某事。
14. C 此句为非限制性从句，不能用 that修饰，而用which。it 和he 都使后句成为句子， 两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接。况且选he句意不通。
15. A way后面定语从句的引导语可以是that/in which或省略。
提高拓展
1—5 DACCA 6—10 ADDAB
高考链接
A组 1—5 ABACA 6—7 CA
B组 1—5 BCBDB 6—10 BABDD 11—15 CCACA
1. B a condition of 一种。。。。。。状态
4. D the reason 后跟定语从句用why, 表语从句用that, The reason why…is that…
6. B in a way 在某种程度上
7. A equal为形容词，对主语all men 补充说明
10. D if any=if there are any mistakes Ⅲ 完型填空
1—5DBABA 6—10BCBA B 11—15CDADA 16—20BDA BD
Ⅳ 阅读理解
1. C 细节理解题。根据“The Great Wall can be called“great”mostly because of its amazing length.”可知。
2. C 文章介绍，不管是不了解长城的人还是了解它的人都在对长城进行无意识的破坏。
3. D 长城有些地方是向公众开放的景点，这当然为公众所熟悉；而那些不是景点的地方则 不会被公众所熟悉。
4. A 根据“Those who destroyed and are destroying the Great Wall know its name，but are not clear about its cultural meaning.”可知。
5. C A、B、D三项在文字说明中都已涉及到，惟有产品的完全价格没有说出。
6. A 我们从文章的介绍只能推断出，持减价优待券的顾客买东西时，只能是省点钱。
7. B
8. D
9. A “However，the evidence that has been presented so far in the first four volumes has persuaded many historians who were skeptical at first.”这一句的意思 是在前五册中所给出的证据已使得开始对此持怀疑态度的一些历史学家信服了。
10. B 细节归纳题。A、C、D三项在文章中都有所提及。
11. A 主旨归纳题。文章主要介绍五册有关中国科技方面的成就的著作。
12. C 从书店买书是非常普通的事，不属于创造范围，而A、B两个选项在文章中有直接提 示。D选项可以推导出来。
13. A 解题时，首先在文章中找到此句，再看后面的语句提示，即创造力是用新的方法重
组旧的东西，所以是在早期的基础上创造出新的东西。
14. D 此题较难，其实是虽然有时想到了，但不一定能做到，即缺乏勇气和动力，依照文 章倒数第二段最后一句话可知。
15. B 文章主要论述何谓创造力，并进行了分类。 Ⅴ 写作练习
1．The climate here is quite similar to that of my hometown. 2．I don’t like the way (in which/that) he talk with his mother. 3．Please wait a moment. He is upstairs at work.
4．It was a time when people lived a quiet and peaceful life. 5．We were brought up to respect the old.
6．The reason why he doesn’t come is that he fell ill yesterday. 7．The People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949.
8．You must follow your teacher’s teachings.
9．The news of victory spread throughout the country. 10．Her job has something to do with computers.
11．With the approach of Christmas the weather turned much colder.
12．I cooked a meal myself for the first time ever. or This is the first time that I’ve cooked a meal myself.
VI．单项选择：
1. A 句意：因为大卫出生于有三兄弟的家庭，因此养成了分享意识。本题考查动词词组。bring up 培养，使成长；turn down 拒绝；look after 照顾，照料；hold back 阻碍。根据句意 可知，正确答案为 A 项。
2. C 句意：她带领游客参观了这个博物馆，建设这个博物馆花了三年多的时间。本题考查 非限制性定语从句。由于本题中两个分句之间既没有从属连词，又没有并列连词，所以此 处应该是一个非限制性定语从句，其中先行词是 the museum,和 museum 之间具有所属 关系，所以应该用介词 of，故答案为 C 项。
3. C 句意：Julie 擅长德语、法语和俄语，所有的（三门语言）她都说得很流利。先行词为 German,French,Russian,代入定语从句后为：She spoke all of the three languages fluently.由此可见，先行词在定语从句中作 of 的宾语，先行词指“物”，且介词提前，故用 which。
4. A 句意：小时候，杰克在一所乡村学校读书，那所学校是以他祖父的名字命名的。本题 考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是 a village school,代入定语从句后为：The village school is named after his grandfather.由此可见先行词在定语从句中作主语，且该从句
为非限制性定语从句，故用 which 引导。
5. C 句意：风力是很古老的一种能源，不久的将来我们也许会再利用它。考查定语从句。 return to“重新利用”，属于固定搭配。故排除含有介词on，by和from的A、B、D项。
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