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2019年中考英语一轮练（2）（短文改错+阅读理解）
(限时:30分钟)
一、阅读理解。
A
No one is glad to hear that his body has to be cut open by a surgeon(外科医生) and part of it is taken out. Today, however, we needn't worry about feeling pain during the operation. The sick person falls into a kind of sleep, and when he awakes, the operation is finished. But these happy conditions are fairly new. It is not many years since a man who had to have an operation felt all its pain.
Long ago, operations had usually to be done while the sick man could feel everything. The sick man had to be held down on a table by force while the doctors did their best for him. He could feel all the pain if his leg or arm was being cut off, and his fearful cries filled the room and the hearts of those who watched.
Soon after 1770, Josept Priestley discovered a gas which is now called "laughing gas". Laughing gas became known in America. Young men and women went to parties to try it. Most of them spent their time laughing, but one man at a party, Horace Wells, noticed that people didn't seem to feel pain when they were using this gas. He decided to make an experiment on himself. He asked a friend to help him.
Wells took some of the gas, and his friend pulled out one of Well's teeth. Wells felt no pain at all. As he didn't know enou gh about laughing gas, he gave a man less gas than he should have. The man cried out with pain when his tooth was being pulled out.
Wells tried again, but this time he gave too much of the gas, and the man died. Wells never forgot this terrible event.
1. It is ____ since a man being operated felt all the pain.
A. a few more years B. not very long
C. few years D. two thousand years
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2. Long ago, when the sick man was operated on, he ____.
A. could feel nothing B. could not want anything
C. could feel all the pain D. could do anything
3. Using the laughing gas, the people did not seem to ____.
A. be afraid of anything B. feel pain
C. want to go to the parties D. be ill
4. If a man took less laughing gas than he should have when an operation went on, he ____.
A. felt nothing B. felt very comfortable C. still felt pain D. would die
5. One who took too much of the laughing gas ____.
A. would laugh all the time B. would die
C. would never feel again D. would be very calm
阅读理解答案：1—5、BCBCB
B
Astronauts have very busy lives. Each day they are carefully planned by mission(任务) control. The 12-hour working day on the International Space Station(ISS) begins with a wake-up call. After a quick wash with a wet cloth, the crew(全体乘务员) have breakfast and run through the jobs for the day.
Space stations are like large houses that need much care and attention. Much of the crew's time is spent preparing and carrying out scientific experiments.
At least two hours each day is spent on exercise. It is necessary to keep the crew healthy. In some ways, living in a space station is like being on a desert island. A crew of two or three astronauts has to survive far from home for weeks or months.
If their mission is to be a success, they have to learn to live and work together as a team. Crew members have to learn to share jobs such as cleaning and repairs. They also have to talk about problems and discuss how to deal with them.
Astronauts first feel the influence of weightlessness(失重) when the rocket
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engines are turned off. Straight away, they begin to float(漂浮), held down only by seat belts. Weightlessness allows astronauts to appear super strong. They can lift objects that would be far too heavy to move on the earth.
Without the influence of gravity(重力), astronauts become weak. To stay fit, they have to exercise several hours each day. In a space station, there is no up or down. There is no difference between a floor and a ceiling(天花板). This can make astronauts feel sick until they get used to this strange environment.
1.Astronauts on the International Space Station work for hours every day.
A.8 B.10 C.11 D.12
2.What is the crew's time mainly used for?
A.Exercising. B.Doing scientific experiments.
C.Reading. D.Connecting with the ground.
3.Which of the following is TRUE?
A.Astronauts need to work as a team.
B.Weightlessness makes astronauts become strong.
C.There are up and down in a space station.
D.Astronauts exercise one hour each day.
4.What's the best title for the passage?
A.Astronauts' Lives in the Space Station
B.The Influence of Weightlessness
C.How to Live in the Space Station
D.How to Exercise in the Space Station
[主旨大意] 本文是一篇说明文,讲述了宇航员的一天的生活。他们的主要任务是做科学实验,但每天做锻炼是必不可少的,因为失重状态下对人的身体影响很大。宇航员是作为一个团队来工作的,所以团队精神是必需的。
1.D 细节理解题。从文中首段的“The 12-hour working day on the International Space Station(ISS) begins with a wake-up call.”可知,宇航员在国际太空站每天工作12小时,故选D。
2.B 细节理解题。从文中第二段的“Much of the crew's time is spent preparing and carrying out scientific experiments.”可知,宇航员的时间很多花在准备和执行科学实验上,
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故选B。
3.A 细节理解题。从文中第四段的“they have to learn to live and work together as a team”可知,宇航员在太空要学会作为一个团队生活和工作,故选A。
4.A 主旨大意题。Astronauts' lives in the Space Station意思是“宇航员在太空站里的生活”。通读全文可知,本文讲述了宇航员在太空站的工作时长、工作内容、饮食、健康以及如何适应失重的问题等,故讲述的是宇航员在太空站的生活。故选A。
C
阅读下列短 文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
There is an old tiger in the forest. He doesn’t want to look for food now. He often
asks other animals to get him something to eat.
One day, he sees a monkey and says, “I am hungry, monkey. Go to the village and
get me something to eat.” “ I can’t do that now, tiger,” the monkey says, “There is
another tiger over there. He will not let me get anything for you to eat. I am afraid of him.” “What?” cries the old tiger. “Take me to that tiger. I will talk to him.” The
monkey and the tiger get to the bridge over the river. “Now look down at the water.” Says the monkey. “Do you see the tiger?” “Yes, I do,” cries the old tiger. “I will eat
him.” With these words, the tiger jumps into the river.
（ ）31、 An old tiger lives ____.
A、 in the zoo B、in the garden C、in the forest
（ ）32、 How many tigers and monkeys are there in the story?
A、 Two tigers and two monkeys. B、 One tiger and one monkey.
C、 One tiger and two monkeys.
（ ）33、Why does the tiger ask the other animals to get him food? Because ____.
A、they are afraid of him B、only they can look for some food
C、they are his friends
（ ）34、The monkey ____.
A、goes to get something to eat B、gets to the bridge with the tiger
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C、knows there is another tiger
（ ）35、Which of the following is right?
A、The tiger is very clever. B、 The monkey eats the tiger.
C、 The monkey is very smart..
参考答案1—5、CBABC
D
On Miriam Gardsbane's 9th birthday two years ago, her aunt gave money to a group that cares for elephants. The woman, who lives in Kenya, told the group she was giving the money to celebrate Miriam's birthday. Miriam and her mother then visited Africa to learn how that money was helping to support elephants. Miriam fell in love with the animals and wanted to help save them.
A few months after visiting Africa, Miriam watched How I Became an Elephant, a documentary about the mistreatment of elephants in Thailand, and a young girl's campaign to save them. Miriam decided to make her own effort to raise money to save elephants.
Last year, Miriam created a group called They Deserve to Be Free after seeing a programme that showed young elephants being mistreated in Thailand.
She asked her friends to give money to the park rather than giving her birthday gifts. She made and sold baked goods, and made signs about elephant abuse.
She also created a plan to make and sell clay elephants. She asked her art teacher to help her make the elephants.
Miriam says she is lucky because her mother and her art teacher support her. Her father says Miriam is serious about helping the animals. He says that what her daughter is doing is making her a little bit more mature.
Miriam now knows a lot more about animals and what is happening to them.
She is proud of her work, and is happy that she can help elephants. She and her friends often sell their clay elephants at a local farmers' market.
Last year, she sold about $2,000 worth of them and sent all of that money to the Elephant Nature Park in Thailand.
1.Miriam Gardsbane is years old now.
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A.9 B.10 C.11 D.12
2.They Deserve to Be Free is .
A.a group to help elephants B.an elephant
C.a girl's name D.a programme
3.Miriam is a little more mature because .
A.she is serious about helping the animals
B.she can make clay elephants
C.she can make money
D.she falls in love with elephants
4.From the passage we can know that Miriam is a(n) girl.
A.creative B.beautiful
C.warm-hearted D.interesting
参考答案：
[主旨大意] 本篇文章是一篇记叙文,主要介绍了Miriam在姑姑的影响下开始加入保护大象的队伍。她建立了一个名叫“They Deserve To Be Free”的组织来保护大象。
1.C 数字计算题。根据文章第一句“On Miriam Gardsbane's 9th birthday two years ago…”可知Miriam Gardsbane现在11岁。故选C。
2.A 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Last year, Miriam created a group called They Deserve to Be Free after seeing a programme that showed young elephants being mistreated in Thailand.”可推断正确答案为A。
3.A 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第四段最后两句“Her father says Miriam is serious about helping the animals. He says that what her daughter is doing is making her a little bit more mature.”可知答案为A。
4.C 推理判断题。文章主要介绍了Miriam是如何帮助保护大象的,由此可知选C。
二、短文改错。
下面短文中分别有10处语言错误。请在错误的地方作出记号，增加，删除或修改某个单词。写在横线上。
An old woman had a cat. The cat was very old to run quickly, and nor was she able to bite it, One day the old cat saw a mouse in the kitchen. she jumped and caught it. But the mouse got out of her mouth and ran away, so the cat could not bite it; Then
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the old woman became very angrily because the cat had not killed the mouse. She began to hit the cat in the head. The cat said, "Do not hit your old servant. I had worked for you for many years, and I would even work for you , but I am too old. Do not unkind to the old, but remember how good work the old did when they were young. Nobody stay young forever."
1_________ 2_________ 3___________ 4___________
5 ___________ 6_________ 7_________ 8___________
9___________ 10 ___________
参考答案
1、very—too 2、去掉 it 3、 so---because
4、 angrily---angry 5、 in---on
6、 had---have 7、even---still 8、be unkind
9、 how---what 10、stay---stays
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