The Attributive Clause
定语从句
1.The man is a worker.
2.The man is speaking at the meeting.
合并句子:
The man who is speaking at the
meeting is a worker.
Ø概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词
的句子.
(Attributive clause)
Mary is a beautiful girl.
Mary is a girl who has long hair.
形容词作定语
句子作定语,修饰girl, 叫做定语从句
Mary is a girl.
Mary has long hair.
合并为一个句子
Mary is a girl who has long hair.
先行词 关系词 定语从句
Mary is a girl who has long hair.
关系代词 关系副词
which, who, whom,
whose, that
Where, when
Ø关系词作用
1.代替先行词; 2.
２．它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分;
3. 同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句。（把主
句和从句连起来）
v 关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行
词，所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之
后，而且它的 人称、数必须和先行词一致。
关系词判 断 步 骤 :
v 首先，要看先行词。 如果先行词是指人,关系代词
可用 who,that,whom,whose。如果先行词指物,关系
代词可用which或that;
v 然后，要确定关系词在从句中的成分。请看下表
先行词 主格 宾格 所有格
人 who,that who(m),tha
t
whose
物 which,tha
t
which,that whose,of
which
最后，定语从句谓语动词和先行词一致.
注:定语从句的时态不受主句的限制。
The woman who/that spoke at the meeting
yesterday is my mother.
(主句)The woman is my mother.
(叙述客观事实 用一般现在时)
(从句)The woman (who/that) spoke at the
meeting yesterday.
(句中yesterday表示过去时间)
Ø 定语从句的用法:
ü当先行词是物时, 用which 或that引导.
These are the trees which were planted last year.
ü当先行词是人时, 用who, whom,
whose, that引导.
Øwho, whom, whose, that用法区别.
üwho 作定语从句的主语或宾语.
The man who is speaking at the
meeting is a worker.
The man is a worker.
The man is speaking at the meeting.
分解
作主语
the tall
the strong
the clever
boy
The boy is Tom.
The boy who is tall is Tom.
The boy who is strong is Tom
The boy who is clever is Tom
The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling.
The boy is Tom. The boy has a round face.
The boy who is smiling is Tom.
(主语)
The boy who has a round face is Tom.
The boy is Tom. He sits in front of me.
The boy who sits in front of me is Tom.
üWhom 作定语从句的宾语,在口
语和非正式文体中常用who代替，
可以省略.
The woman whom/who they
wanted to visit is a teacher.
The woman is a teacher.
They wanted to visit the woman.
分解
作宾语
The man is kind. Everyone likes him.
The man (whom) everyone likes is kind.
(宾语)
The woman got the job.
We saw her on the street.
The woman (whom) we saw on the street
got the job.
The teacher will give us a talk.
We met the teacher yesterday.
The teacher (whom) we met yesterday
will give us a talk.
关系代词
1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）
The man( who) I talked with is our teacher.
A person who steals things is called a thief.
2.whom指人,作宾语 (作宾语可省略,如
介词提前则不能省)
The man (whom/who) I talked to is Mr. Li.
The man to whom I talked is Mr. Li.
üwhose 作定语从句的定语.
I know the girl whose mother is a
teacher.
分解
I know the girl.
The girl’s mother is a teacher.
作定语
关系代词
3.whose 是代词的所有格形式, 它既可以
代人也可以代物。
Please show me the book .
Its cover is red.
Please show me the book whose cover is red.
I saw a woman . Her bag was stolen .
I saw a woman whose bag was stolen.
üthat 可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.
注意: 关系代词作动词宾语时可
省略.
The woman (whom/ that) they
wanted to visit is a teacher.
4.which 指物，作主语或宾语 (作宾
语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)
These are the trees which were
planted last year.
The TV set (which) he bought yesterday
is made in Japan.
Is this the library (which) you borrow
books from?
Is this the library from which you
borrow books?
apple
the red
the green
the small
the big
The apple which is red is mine.
The apple which is green is yours.
The apple which is red is small
The apple which is green is big.
Can you find the pen?
I wrote with it just now.
Can you find the pen with which
I wrote just now?
Can you find the pen (which)
I wrote with just now?
1)This is the hero( whom) we are proud of.
This is the hero of whom we are proud .
This is the hero(that) we are proud of .
2)The room (that) I live in is very big.
The room (which) I live in is very big.
The room in which I live is very big.
关系代词与介词: 介词放在关系代词的前
面时,介词宾语只能用which代物, 用whom
代人。(介词在末尾时,关系词可以省略)
定语从句中需注意事项
先行词是物，关系词只能用that,而不宜用
which
1.从句所修饰的词又被形容词最高级或序数
词修饰时
This is the most interesting story( that )I
have ever heard.
The first meeting( that) we will take part
in will be held in the afternoon.
2.先行词是 something, nothing, anything，
little ,few,much,many, all,等不定代词时
Here is something( that) I will tell you.
3.先行词既有人也有物时,只能用that
I can remember well the persons and
some pictures (that) I see.
4.先行词是one of,the one, 或用 little, much,
few, no, all, some, any, the only, the very,
the same, the last 作修饰时
Is it the one that you want ?
I haven’t got much that I can offer you.
5.当主句已有疑问词 who或which时，用
that
Who is the woman that was praised at
the meeting?
• 先行词前有the only，the very，the same，the last等词修饰时，只
能用that。例如：This is the same bike that I lost.
• 以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that。
• 例如：Who is the girl that is crying？
• 先行词是物关系词只能用which不能用that的情况：
１．先行词为that，those时，只能用which。例如：What is that
which is under the desk?
Those are the books (which) I bought yesterday.
２．关系词前有介词时，This is the room in which he lives.
注: who、that在指人可以通用，但下列宜用
who,不用that
1).先行词是anyone, someone, those时，
关系词使用who
Those who want to go to the Great Wall
sign up here.
Is there anyone who wants to go there?
2).在there be 句型中，先行词指人,关系词
用who
There is an old man who wants to see you.
There are many young men who are
against him.
1. I have a friend ________ likes
listening to classical music.
who/that
which/that
whose3. The man ______ leg broke in a
match used to be a football player.
2. Yesterday Emily was wearing the
new dress __________ I gave her.
4. My parents live in a house__________
is more than 100 years old.
5. The boy with _______ John spoke is
my brother.
which/that
whom
6. Kevin is reading a book __________
is too difficult for him.
which/that
7. Is there anything ________ you want
to buy in the town.
8.All ______ we can do is to study hard.
9. The first one _____ stands up is a
little boy.
that
that
that
1.这就是救了那个孩子命的医生.
This is the doctor who saved the boy’s life.
2.正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔.
The man who is running is my uncle.
3. 我喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐.
I like the music that I can sing along
with.
4. 住在隔壁的那个女的是一名教师.
The woman who lives next door is a
teacher.
• 1．This is the man _______________ wants to see
you. ．
• 2．The student __________________ answered the
question is Zhang Hua.
• 3．The man _________________ you went to see
has come. ．
• 4．The man __________________I met yesterday
lent me some money. ．
• 5．The woman ______________________ you saw
is our geography teacher
• 6.Jack, there is someone in the office _______ would
like to speak with you.
定语从句练习
• 6．Here is the pen ________________ you lost the day
before yesterday.
• 7．These books ____________________ you lent me were
very useful.
• 8．A clock is a machine __________________ tells people
the time. ．
• 9．This is the shirt ______________________I bought
yesterday. ．
• 10．The book ___________________ is on the table is
mine. ．
• 11．The film ___________________ they are talking
about is very interesting.
定语从句练习
• 13．Show me the boy ______________ mother is a well-
known singer. ．
• 14．The boy_____________ father is a teacher is good at
English. ．
• 15. You have seen the girl ____ sister is a Chinese teacher.
A. whom B. of whom C. whose D. of which
• 16.I do not like the book---------cover is blue。17.He lives
in the house-------wall is white。
• 12．Is there anyone ___________________ family is in
Beijing?
定语从句练习
18. The bridge ____ a big ship can go has been built. A.
under which C. in which B. under that D. on which
22.The engineer ______my father works is about 50
years old. A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D.
with whom
定语从句练习
• 23.Everything _____________ I know will be taught
to the students.
• .23. We should do all ____ is useful to people. A. / B.
that C. it D. which
• 24.The girl handed everything _____ she had picked
up in the street to the police. A. which B. in which C.
that D. all
• 25.This is the best film _____________ I have ever
seen. ．
定语从句练习
• 26.This is the best book _____ I have been
looking for all this year. A. who B. whom C. which
D.
• that
• 27. He is the most careful boy _____ I know. A.
what B. which C. as D. .that
• 28.He is the first one-------come to the classroom
every day。
• 29.He is the second boy --------win the prize。
定语从句练习
• 30. I will never forget the people and the places
____________ I have ever visited. ．
• 31.He talked about the classmates and the school ____ he
had visited. A. who C. which B. that D. about which
• 32. This is the only article of these _____ was written by
him. A. thatB. which C. whoD.whose
定语从句练习
• 36.Who is the girl---------sits under the tree？
• 37.Those _____ made no mistakes in today’s exercises
please raise your hands. A. which B. whom C. that D. who
• 38. That ____ finished doing it pleases tell me. A. who
have C. which have B. who has D. have
定语从句练习
根据汉语完成句子：
6.Here is the pen ________________________________ .
(你昨天丢失的）
7.This is the best book______________________ _______.
(我读过的）
8.I have lost the pen_______________________________.
（我父亲给我买的）
9.Wheat is a plant______________________________
________________________. （中国北方 种植的）
10.I don’t like the people___________________________.
(说得多,做得少的）
(that)you lost yesterday.
(that) I have ever read
(which/that) my father bought me
which/that is grown
who talk too much but do little
in the north of China
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