牛津译林模块6Unit2Grammarandusage

英语专项复习 —— 非谓语动词 非 谓 语 动 词 主 要 形 式 动词不定式 动词 ing 形式 动词过去分词 to + v.（原） not to + v .（原） 动名词 现在分词 规则形式 v-ed 不规则形式 3 II. 非谓语动词的 10 种形式 done -ing to do 被动 主动 被动主动 完成式一般式 to do doing done to be done being done to have done having done to have been done having been done be done have done have been done 不定式的进行式：to be doing 非谓语动词的句法功能 不 定 式 主语 宾语 表语 宾补 定语 状语 动 名 词 主语 宾语 表语 定语 分 词 表语 宾补 定语 状语 用法归纳  1. 动词不定式作主语，一般使用 it 做形式主语。 2. 动词 ing 形式做主语。 3. 动词不定式作宾语。 4. 动词 ing 形式做宾语。 5. 动词不定式做宾语补足语。 用法归纳 1. 疑问词 + 动词不定式。 2. 使役动词 make 后跟不定式做宾补。 3. 在固定词组中使用动词 ing 形式。 要点补充: 1.动词后用不定式作宾语的有: 决心学会想希望， 拒绝设法愿假装，主动答应选计划，同意请求帮 一帮，需要要求来警告。 (decide,learn,want/wouldlike,hope/ expect/ wish) (refuse,manage,care,pretend) (offer,promise,choose,plan) (agree,ask,help) (demand,warn) 2.动词后用 ing 形式做宾语的有：避免错过少延期; 建议完成多练习；喜欢想象禁不住；承认否定与 嫉妒；逃避冒险莫原谅；忍受保持不介意；考虑 欣赏不阻止。 avoid,miss,delay/putoff;suggest,finish, practice;enjoy,imagine,can't help;admit, deny,envy;escape,risk,excuse;stand, keep, mind, consider,appreciate,prevent 3.感官动词如see, hear等词后跟省去 to 的不定 式，也可跟动词 ing形式做宾语补足语，但意 义有所不同。 句式： see sb do sth /see sb doing sth hear sb do sth /hear sb doing sth 4. 动词 ask, tell 后跟动词不定式做宾语补足语。 句式：ask/tell sb to do sth. 5. 动词 keep 后跟动词ing 形式 作宾语补足语。 句式: keep sb doing sth. 6. 介词后跟动词 ing 形式。 如: look forward to doing 要点补充: 1. ________ helps your body stay healthy and can even help you fight pain. (laugh) 2. The man __________ on the stage is a famous comedian. (perform) 3. You can expect to hear a lot more from Billy Crystal — he has no plans ______ making films. (stop) 4. We invite you _______ our performance tomorrow evening. (watch) 5. They could only see him _______ there moving his lips. (stand) I. Sentences from this unit. Laughing performing to stop to watch standing 1. I was made________( speak ) at the meeting.to speak 2. My parents enjoy _______(live) in this city.living 3. The teacher asked us _________(finish) homework on time. to finish 预测训练 Ⅱ.完成句子（根据句意或语境，用所给单词的适当 形式填空） 4.You should give up ________(smoke) if you want to keep health. smoking 5.I am so sorry to keep you _______(wait ) for such a long time. waiting 预测训练 温馨提示 1.动词不定式作主语，一般使用 it 做形式主语。 句型：It ’s +adj.+ for sb + to do It ’s +adj.+ to do 方法点津  方法点津  2. 动词 ing 形式做主语 。 方法点津  3. 动词不定式作宾语。 句式：decide to do sth 方法点津  4. 动词 ing 形式做宾语。 句式：finish doing sth 方法点津  5. 动词不定式做宾语补足语。 句式：encourage sb to do sth 方法点津  1. 特殊疑问词 + 动词不定式。 when + to start 。 方法点津  2. 在固定词组中使用动词 ing 形式。 如：be busy doing sth give up doing sth 方法点津  3. 使役动词 make 后跟动词不定式做宾补。 句式: make sb do sth . (主动结构) sb be made to do sth ( 被动结构) 在主动句中，使役动词 make 后跟省略 to 的不定式；而在被动句中，将省去的 to 要重新还原。 1、The ability an idea is as important as the idea itself. A. expressing B. expressed C. to express D. to be expressed 2、The players from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game. A. selecting B. to select C. selected D. having selected 3、Do you wake up every morning energetic and ready to start a new day? A. feel B. to feel C. feeling D. felt 不定式/动名词/分词作定语 1. She has no house_______. A. to live in B. to live on C. to live D. live with 2. She said she had an important meeting _____. A. to attend in B. to attend C. attend D. attending A B ★若作定语的动词不定式是vi, 后必须要有介词. I. 不定式作定语 2 –ed : 表示一个完成了的动作, being done:表示一个正在进行的动作。 The problem yesterday has something to do with us.（discuss） The problem now has something to do with us. discussed being discussed _______ yesterday 3. The meeting ___________ now __________ tomorrow is of great importance. (hold) held being held to be held to do作定语表示动作_________； -ing作定语表_______________，且分词和主语呈 ___________； -ed做定语表示_____________，且和主语之间是 ____________。 将要去做 动作正在进行 主动关系 动作已完成 被动关系 Consolidation 1. Last night, there were millions of people _____ the opening ceremony live on TV. ) A. watch B. to watch C. watched D. watching 2. There are still many problems ______ before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon. A. solving B. solved C. being solved D. to be solved 3. Toady there are more airplanes _____ more people than ever before in the skies. A. carry B. carrying C. carried D. to be carrying 4. Amie Salmon,disabled,is attended throughout her school days by a nurse_____ to guard her. A. to appoint 委派 B. appointing C. appointed D. having appointed [课后检测] 1. You cannot accept an opinion______ to you unless it is based on facts. A. offering B. to offer C.having offered D. offered D 2. The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police ______. A. not to do B. not to C. not do D. do not B 3. The engine just won‘t start. Something seems ______ wrong with it. A. to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone 4. The room is empty except for a bookshelf _______ in one corner. A. standing B. to stand C. stands D. stood B A 5. The witnesses ______ by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight. A. questioned B. being questioned C. to be questioned D. having questioned A 6. Volunteering gives you a chance _______ lives, including your own. A. change B. changing C. changed D. to change 7. When we saw the road _______ with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home. A. block B. to block 封住 C. blocking D. blocked D D 8. The airport ____ next year will help promote tourism in this area. A. being completed B. to be completed C. completed D. having been completed