虚拟语气用法小结（二）
【语境展示】
1. a. If he had received six more votes, he would be our chairman now.
b. If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years, things wouldn’t be going
so smoothly.
2. a.What would you do with a million dollars?
b. Without music, the world would be a dull place.
c. We could have done better under more favorable conditions.
d. But for the storm, we should have arrived at the station earlier.
e. He would have given you more help, but he has been so busy.
f. I was ill that day. Otherwise I would have taken part in the marathon.
3. a. Mark spoke to me as if / though I was / were deaf.
b. He ordered me about as if / though he was / were my boss.
c. They talked as if / though they had been friends for years.
4. a. If only I could swim!
b. If only I knew her address.
c. If only I had enough money with me, I would buy that dictionary.
d. If only I hadn’t told the news to Mary, everything would have been all right.
5. a. I wish I didn’t have to go to work today.
b. I wish I had brought a map with me.
c. How I wish it wasn’t raining.
d. I wish you wouldn’t smoke in public places.
e. I wish I could do something for you in return.
6. a. I would rather he didn’t stay there too long.
b. I’m told they are going by bus, but I would rather they went by train.
c. He didn’t attend the meeting. I would rather he had been present.
7. a. It’s time we went / should go to bed.
b. It’s about time you made up / should make up your mind.
c. It’s high time we left / should leave this place.
8. a. She demanded that he (should) return the books he borrowed from her.
b. I recommend that you (should) get some professional advice.
c. The orders were that we (should) stay where we were.
d. He made the suggestion that they (should) carry on their conversation in French.
【归纳】
1. 根据第 1 组例句可知，当虚拟条件句的从句谓语和主句谓语表示的动作在时
间上不一致时，我们可以用错综时间条件句。
2. 根据第 2 组例句可知，有时假设的情况可以不用条件从句来表示，而是通过
一个短语或上下文等方式来表示，这种句子称为含蓄条件句。常用的词语有
but for，otherwise，with，without 等。
3. 根据第 3 组例句可知，在 as if / though 引导的方式状语从句中，谓语动词常用
虚拟语气。表示对现在情况的虚拟，谓语动词用过去式（be 在第一、三人称
后可用 was 或 were）；表示对过去情况的虚拟，谓语动词用“had + V-ed 形式”。
4. 根据第 4 组例句可知，if only 可用在虚拟语气中，用来表达愿望或非真实条
件。
5. 根据第 5 组例句可知，在 wish 后的宾语从句中，谓语动词可用虚拟语气，表
示与事实相反的主观愿望。当表示对将来的主观愿望时，通常用某些情态动词
的过去式，此种结构接近于客气的请求或委婉的劝告。
6. 根据第 6 组例句可知，在 would rather 后的宾语从句中，谓语动词常用过去式
表示对现在或将来情况的虚拟，用“had + V-ed 形式”表示对过去情况的虚拟。
7. 根据第 7 组例句可知，在 It is (about / high) time 后的定语从句中通常也需要用
虚拟语气，表示某事早该做而未做，谓语动词多用过去式或“should + 动词原
形”。
8. 根据第 8 组例句可知，在表示请求、建议、命令等词后的名词性从句中，谓
语动词用“should + 动词原形”或直接用动词原形。
【即学即用】用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。
1. The little girl asks me the question as if the answer _____ (be) really important to
her.
2. If I _____ (follow) Mary’s advice, I would be better now.
3. I _____ (go) to Paris but for my parents’ objections.
4. They requested that I _____ (stay) with them for another two weeks.
5. My father’s suit is old and it is high time he _____ (buy) a new one.
6. The weather was cold while we were away. I wish it _____ (be) warmer.
7. She will get home at dinner time, but I would rather she _____ (get) home a little
earlier.
8. If only I _____ (know) her phone number! Then I could call her right now.
9. What do you think of the suggestion that houses _____ (be) built on this site?
10. What I did was right and if I _____ (do) anything less, the machine wouldn’t be
working now.
参考答案
1. were / was 2. had followed 3. would / should / might / could have gone
4. (should) stay 5. bought / should buy 6. had been 7. got 8. knew
9. (should) be 10. had done
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