译林牛津模块10Unit3Grammarandusage课件

Unit 3 Grammar and usage The development of a text The grammar items in this unit focus on one aspect of the structure of a text — the development of a text. You will learn how a text should be written to allow readers to move from one idea to the next easily. A text usually includes several parts. We call these parts the title, the beginning paragraph, the body paragraphs and the concluding paragraph. 1.标题 标题不应太长，应简单明了。 2.起始段 起始段应含有主题陈述，一般为第一句。 跟其他段落一样，在起始段中，主题句之 后应有支撑句。 起始段应能捕捉读者的注意，引起其阅读 整个篇章的兴趣。我们可以通过列出有趣 的事实、提出问题或仅提供一部分细节来 吸引读者注意。 3. 主体段 • 主题句 • 支撑句 • 段落的结论句 4. 结论段 结论段应包括最终的主题陈述（也有可 能是预测），结论段也可能谈及起始段 提到的例子。 Let’s come back to the passage in the reading part. We’ll analyze the passage according to this method. How many paragraphs are there in the text? There are ten paragraphs. What is the title of the text? The title is “Aids Today”. Can we learn what the text is about from the title? Yes. We can learn that the text is about the deadly disease of Aids at the present time. If you are asked to divide the whole text into several parts, how will you divide it? We can divide it into three parts. The first part is the introduction in the first paragraph. The second part is the main body and includes the next eight paragraphs. The conclusion is the last paragraph, and is the last part. Stella is planning an essay on the importance of Aids education. Help her complete the plan by choosing sentences and putting them in the right order. Write the correct letter in the boxes. Sentences a to i are listed in the textbook. Beginning paragraph Body paragraph 1 Body paragraph 2 Concluding paragraph Topic sentence supporting sentence hook Topic sentence supporting sentence Topic sentence supporting sentence concluding sentence Title f i d g e a c h b Put the following paragraphs in the right order. Then write whether each paragraph is the beginning, a part of the body or the conclusion. a. Unlike previous generations, young people today have been exposed to continuous loud noise. For example, many young people listen to loud music on their MP3 players and go to rock concerts, where the volume is so loud that it can damage their hearing. This damage can be temporary or permanent. b. Doctors and scientists are working to help people suffering hearing loss, including improving traditional hearing aids. However, we should be careful to protect our hearing as we can only stop hearing loss, not reverse it. As the old saying goes, prevention is better than cure. c. Noise is perhaps the most common cause of hearing loss later in life. This is in part because the modern world is full of noise. If a person is continuously exposed to such loud noises as from a construction site or motorcycle, his or her hearing may be damaged. d. There are various causes of hearing loss. Some people are born deaf; others lose hearing later in life. The latter may be due to ageing, disease, injury or exposure to a lot of noise. e. Have you ever imagined that one day you may not be able to hear anything at all? It is estimated that one in ten people today suffer from hearing loss. It is likely that you may be one of them. The right order: ________________ Beginning paragraph: ___________ Body paragraphs: ______________ Concluding paragraph: __________ e. d. c. a. b e d. c. a b