高中英语人教2019必修第三册Unit2grammar非谓语动词作状语课件

非谓语动词 ---状语 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 补语 不定式 V-ing形式 过去分词 非谓语动词作状语 被动、状态 过去分词 目的，结果，原 因，评论性状语 动词不定式 V-ing形式 主动、同时进行 to do 作状语 1. 作目的状语 不定式作状语可单独放在句首、句中或句末。 ① To free ourselves from the physical and mental tension, we each need deep thought and inner quietness. ② Simon made a big bamboo box to keep the little sick bird till it could fly. 强调动词不定式所表示的目的时，可用in order to或so as to+do to do 作状语 2. 作结果状语 不定式作结果状语常表示令人意外的结果，常用于only to…, enough…to, too…to, so…as to等。 1. He woke up to find everybody gone. 2. She is too tired to do the job. 3. George returned after the war, only to be told that his wife had left him.(未曾预料) to do 作状语 3. 在某些表示喜、怒、哀、乐等形容词后作原因状语，用以说明产生这种情绪的原因。 常见的这类形容词有：sorry, surprised, glad, disappointed, excited, happy等。 ① I am so sorry to hear your mother is ill. ② I’m glad to see you looking so well. to do 作状语 在句型“主语+be + adj + to do”中， 主动表示被动。 此类形容词有：easy， hard， difficult， safe， interesting， pleasant， comfortable， dangerous， impossible等。 ① The washing machine is very easy to use. ② He is hard to please. to do 作状语 4. 不定式可作独立成分，表示说话者的态度、语气等，又叫作评论性状语。 ① To tell you the truth, we don’t want to include you. ② Today’s writers should turn a real life into a piece of literature, to be frank. 常用作独立成分的不定式有： to be honest to speak frankly to sum up to begin with 现在分词作状语 ① The sun was striking on the sea, making it shine. ② He did his homework carelessly, making a lot of mistakes. 1.作结果状语（令人意外），表主动或正在进行 现在分词作状语 ① He sat in the chair, reading a newspaper. ② They came in, singing and dancing. 2.作伴随状语，状语所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语的 发生而存在的。 现在分词作状语 ① Considering ② Supposing ③ generally speaking ④ frankly speaking ⑤ judging from 3.评论性状语 过去分词作状语 1.过去分词作时间状语=时间状语从句 Asked about his impression of the apartment, he made no answer. =When he was asked about his impression of the apartment, he made no answer. 。 过去分词作状语 2. 表示条件状语 United, we stand, divided, we fall. =If we are united, we stand; if we are divided, we fall. 3. 表示让步状语 Rejected many times, the man didn’t lose heart. =Though he was rejected many times, the man didn’t lose heart. 过去分词作状语 4. 表示原因状语 Seriously injured, he had to taken to the hospital. =Because he was seriously injured, he had to taken to the hospital. 5. 表示方式状语 The boy slid out of his room, followed by his pet dog. =The boy slid out of his room and was followed by his pet dog. 过去分词作状语 有些过去分词形容词化，作状语时表示主语的某种情绪或状态。常见的这类形容 词化的过去分词有satisfied, surprised, interested, moved, worried, pleased, disappointed等。 ① Disappointed at the examination result, the girl stood there without saying a word. ② Satisfied with why he did, the teacher praised him in class. 注意事项 1. 分词（doing和done）作状语，前面可以带有相应的连词，如when, though, although, as if, as though, if等，表示时间、让步等。 ① When (they are) exposed by light, potatoes will turn green. ② When climbing the mountain, he broke his glasses. 注意事项 2.分词作状语，句子主语跟过去分词之间存在被动关系，跟现在分词之间存在主 动关系。 ① Caught in a heavy rain, he was late for the interview. ② Looking out of the window, I saw some students cleaning a pile of paper. CONCLUSION 主动进行 被动状态 分词（形容词） 现在分词 过去分词 目的，结果，原因，评价性状语不定式 非谓语 作状语 非谓语 无人称和数的变化 有时态和语态的区别 非谓语的逻辑主语是主句的主语 ----确定语态 非谓语与主句谓语比较发生时间的先后 ----确定语态 谓语动词和非谓语动词的区别 1. I got to the office earlier that day, ________________(catch)the 7:30 train from Paddington. 2. Ordinary soap, ________________ (use) correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively 3. ________(absorb)in painting, John didn't notice evening approaching. 4. The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice _________ (improve) water quality. 5. He works very hard ___________(catch)up with others. 6. The secretary worked all night long,___________ (prepare)a long speech for the president. 即时练习 非谓语 无人称和数的变化 有时态和语态的区别 非谓语的逻辑主语是主句的主语 ----确定语态 非谓语与主句谓语比较发生时间的先后 ----确定语态 谓语动词和非谓语动词的区别 1. The international student was shocked _______(read) the nurse's note. 2. He was delighted _______(translate) the note correctly. 3. _______(shock) by the nurse's picture, the international student posted it on the internet. 4. The President arrived, ________(follow)by his personal bodyguard. 5. We learn a language in order to_______（communication). 6. I hurried to the station, only to _____(find) the train had left. 即时练习 谢谢观赏