2021届高考英语核心词扩展与辨析（三十七）

2021 高考英语核心词扩展与辨析（三十七） 一：词汇识记 1. occur /əˈkɜ:(r)/ v. 发生，出现 拓展 sth. occur to sb. 某事物被某人想起/到 It occurs to sb. to do sth... 某人想到…… it occurs to sb. that 从句 某人突然想到 occurrence n. 发生；出现；事件；发现 例句 ①A good idea occurred to me while I was watching TV. 我看电视时想到了一个好主意。 ② It never occurs to him that he should make such great success in teaching career. 他从来没有想到他竟会在教学事业中获得如此巨大的成功。 ③It never occurred to him to ask anyone. 他从来没有想到问任何人. 串记 It occurs to me that the occurrence of the phenomenon is abnormal. 我突然想到这种现象的出现是不正常的。 2. offer /ˈɒfə(r)/ v. & n. (主动)提出；提供，给予；出价；开价，提议；录取通知书 拓展 (1)offer sb. sth. ＝ offer sth. to sb.提供给某人某物 offer to do sth. (＝ make an offer to do sth.)主动提出做某事 offer sb.money for sth. 出价买某物 (2)make an offer 提议；出价；提供 accept/refuse one\\\\\\'s offer 接受/拒绝某人的提议 例句 ①The teacher offered a few ideas to improve the plan. 老师提出了几点改进计划的意见。 ②The driver offered to drive us to the station. 那位司机主动提出送我们到车站。 ③The universities are now offering a wider range of courses to students for them to choose. 现在那些大学设有更广泛的课程供学生选择。 串记 Lily offered some money to her parents at the same time she offered her brother some money for his further education but both her parents and her brother refused her offer. 莉莉给她父母一些钱也给她弟弟一些钱深造但他们都拒绝了。 3. only /wʌns/ ad. 仅仅，只 拓展 If only…(后用虚拟语气)只要……就好了，但愿…… not only…，but(also)…，不但……，而且…… only just 好容易，刚刚才…… only to do 只做(表示意外令人失望的结果) only doing sth.结果(只)是（表示一个自然的或意料之中的结果） only too 很，极，非常；可惜，很遗憾 例句 ①Practice is the only way to learn a language well. 学好一门语言的唯一途径就是实践。 ②They reached the company out of breath only to be told they were fired. 他们上气不接下气地赶到公司,不料却被告知他们被开除了。 串记 She is the only teacher in this school for the students here she is not only a teacher but also a mother. 他是这个学校唯一的老师对于这些学生而言她不仅是一位老师更是一位母 亲。 4. open /ˈəʊpən/ a. 开着的，开阔的；v. 打开，展开；开创办 拓展 be open to 对……开放，易受到 be open with 对……不隐瞒的 in the open air 在 户外(野外) keep one\\\\\\'s eyes(ears)open 留神地看守(耸耳倾听) with open arms 张开两手，由衷(欢迎) with open ears 倾听 with open hands 慷慨大方 open on(to)面向，朝向……打开 open up 打开，开放，发掘，开始，开发，蓬勃 openly ad．公开地，率直地 opener n．开始者，开瓶(罐)器，打开的工具 opening n. 开始/端；敞开，开会/场，空地，广场 例句 ①The fresh air blew in from the open window. 新鲜空气从开着的窗户吹进来。 ②Can you open the bottle with the opener? 你能用启子将瓶子打开吗？ ③ In the summer, we camped in the open. 夏天我们在户外野营。 串记 She doesn’t openly admit she had opened her eyes to the opening ceremony. 她没有公开承认她看清楚了开幕仪式。 5. operate /ˈɒpəreɪt/ v. 操作；工作；运转；经营；开动；做手术 拓展 operate on…对……起作用，用……操作，对……施手术 operate on sb．for sth．给某人动……手术(for+身体某部分) operation n. 操作；经营；外科 手术；运算 bring into operation 实施，使生效运行 come(go)into operation 开始工作(活动)，实施，生效，运行，运转 in operation 运转中，使用中 put(……)into operation 实施，把……投入生产(动转)；运行，生效 operator n. 经营者；操作员；运营商；话务员；行家 例句 Most domestic freezers operate at below –18˚C. 多数家用冰柜能制冷到零下 18 摄氏度以下。 串记 Lily ask the doctor “How do you plan to do this operation? ” The doctor answered “To operate on the old lady, I need to put the medicine into her body” Lily 问医生：“你打算如何做这个手术”医生回答：“要给这个老太太做 手术我们需要把药放到她的身体里。” 二：阅读练习 A Wanda Butts dropped the phone and screamed when she heard the news that her son was dead. Josh had drowned while sailing on a lake with his friends.The 16-year-old didn’t know how to swim,and he wasn’t wearing a life jacket. Josh was not alone in the black community.According to USA Swimming,70% of African-American children cannot swim.According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,African-American children between the ages of 5 and 14 are three times more likely to drown than white children in the same age range. In 2007,Butts started the Josh Project,a non-profit project that provides low-cost swimming lessons for children in Toledo,Ohio.The swimming lessons take place at a local high school over four Saturdays for a total cost of $10. To date,the Josh Project has helped more than 1,000 children learn how to swim. “The public pools near our home were closed,and other places were not affordable,” said Lisa Haynes,whose 14-year-old son,Joshua,is one of 60-plus students in the Josh Project this summer. “I am less worried if Joshua is near water because he has the basics of how to swim,” Haynes said.“And we’re thankful for that.” Butts is doing much more,however,than just providing swimming lessons. “She ups the awareness,” said Shaun Anderson,a swimming coach who was so inspired by her story that he created a Josh Project swimming program at Norfolk State University.“Once these communities learn how to swim,they will pass it down,which results in future generations that know how to swim.” Butts said she has two wishes for the future:One is to change the drowning numbers of African-American children,and the other is to have a swimming center where the children can swim daily instead of just once a week. 1.What led to Josh’s drowning? A.He was never taught swimming skills. B.He was poor in boating skills. C.He gave his life jacket to a friend. D.He was careless when swimming in the lake. 2.Why did the author list the numbers in Paragraph 3? A.To show children under 14 are more likely to drown. B.To argue children should learn swimming at a very young age. C.To show many African-American children lack swimming skills. D.To introduce the difference between African-American and white children. 3.What can we learn about the Josh Project? A.It has its own swimming pools. B.It provides lessons only in summer. C.It serves children aged from 5 to 14. D.Its swimming lessons take place once a week. B I recently watched a woman film herself as she walked around an ancient building in San Sebastian,Spain.The place was rich in history and the view was great.But she wasn’t looking at the blue sea or the old houses — she was looking at her camera! What are we missing by seeing life through social media? I’m not the first person to ask that question but I’ll also admit I’m part of the “problem”.I take photos of beautiful places and enjoy them just for their social media value. I remember a usually cheerful friend of mine going through his Facebook feed one day during a quiet afternoon at work.“I’m so depressed.Everyone’s going to the most wonderful places and having the most wonderful time,” he said.Except they’re probably not.One photo shows one moment in a day.People simply don’t post a photo of the time when they got into a fight with their taxi driver. Take the day that I got more “likes” than usual for a picture I’d posted on Instagram.I’d gone to a temple in Japan and spent the day climbing hundreds of steps to see what turned out to be a rather ordinary temple.I had seen a lot of temples by then and this one was a bit disappointing.That evening,I posted a photo of an ice cream with colourful little sugary decorations on it and was surprised by how many of my “followers” liked it.But that ice cream didn’t sum up (概括) my day and I felt like a bit of a liar. Of course,that experience hasn’t stopped me using social media.I can see the advantages too — “connecting” with friends overseas,taking photos to remember the beauty of a moment,sharing our experiences of new places.We want to remember the good moments of travelling and social media helps us do that.But let’s not forget that’s only one part of travelling.Is that photo you just posted as important as being there in that moment and in that place? 4.What purpose does Paragraph 1 serve in the text? A.To give suggestions. B.To introduce the topic. C.To express the main idea. D.To offer background information. 5.Why was the author’s friend unhappy? A.He couldn’t finish his work. B.He got into a fight with others. C.He couldn’t enjoy himself like his friends were. D.He got few “likes” for the pictures on his Facebook. 6.How was the author’s holiday in Japan in her Instagram followers’ eyes? A.Busy. B.Tiring. C.Enjoyable. D.Disappointing. 7.What does the author think of using social media during travelling? A.It makes travelling much easier. B.It is less important than enjoying the journey. C.It will become more popular among travellers. D.It leads to misunderstandings about other people.