第9课时 八年级下册 Units 3～4
一、阅读理解
(2018·山东济宁经济开发区一模)Having a teenager at home can be a real headache. Many teenagers smoke, wear strange hairstyle and even fight. Basically(基本上), they are often taking risks.
Earlier studies have shown that teenagers are more likely to make irrational decisions than people from any other age group, including children and adults. Is it that teenagers are too young to tell right from wrong? Not really. So what's the reason?
According to Laurence, a teacher from a US university, the reason is that teenagers care a lot about how their peers(同龄人) view them—that is “peer influence”．
As children enter their teenage years, they spend more time with their friends and classmates, and also they care more about what they think of them. This makes teenagers make decisions without thinking about the costs.
In a test, a group of teenagers were asked to play a video driving game. When they played with their friends watching around them, they took more chances and drove more carelessly because that would increase their possibility of winning. But when they played alone, they drove more safely.
Why do peers have such a big influence on teens' behavior?
As Laurence sees it, a teenager's brain is like a car with a good accelerator(油门) but a weak brake(刹车). The “accelerator” is fully developed by teenage years while the “brake” is still not fully developed. When teenagers are watched by their peers, they usually push hard on the accelerator. With their weak brake, it is likely that they are going to end up in an accident.
But the good news is that a violent(暴力的) teenager doesn't necessarily become a violent adult. About twothirds to threequarters of violent youth grow out of it. They get more selfcontrolled.
1．What does the underlined word “irrational” in the 2nd paragraph mean?
A．Quick. B．Crazy.
C．Careful. D．Correct.
2．Why are teenagers often taking risks according to the text？
A．They like difficult tasks.
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B．They don't care about costs.
C．They are too young to tell right from wrong.
D．They care a lot about what their peers think of them.
3．How does Laurence explain the influence of peer influence on teens' behavior?
A．By using a metaphor(比喻)．
B．By giving examples.
C．By presenting research findings.
D．By performing an indepth analysis(分析)．
4．What can we learn from the text?
A．Teenagers are easy to have traffic accidents.
B．Peer influence is bad on teenagers.
C．Most of the teenagers become less violent when they grow up.
D．Teenagers shouldn't spend all the free time with their friends.
二、单词拼写与运用
根据句意完成已给出首字母或汉语提示的单词，使补全后的句子意思通顺，语法正确。
1．(2018·山东济宁鲁桥一中月考)N of my parents liked the movie, but I enjoyed it very much.
2．(2019·原创)The project will p young people in our city with work.
3．(2019·原创)Cheating is not a when having a test, or you'll be punished by teachers.
4．(2018·山东威海中考改编)The boy t a stone at a bird but missed it.
5．(2019·原创)Everyone is different. We shouldn't (比较) ourselves with others.
6．(2019·预测)They need some people to (推) this car because it doesn't start.
7．(2019·预测)What a (浪费) to order so much food for us two!
8．(2019·预测)I always feel very (紧张的) when I make a public speech in front of the class.
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A
(2016·山东济宁中考改编)
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Lisa Hawkins loves riding her BMX bike(极限单车) and her dream is to go to the Olympics.
Lisa first got interested in BMX racing at the age of ten. Once she hired a bike for a pound and immediately 1. (fall) in love with the sport. “It was the best pound I ever spent，” she says. Lisa is only 16 but she has already had lots of success, and got first prize in a world BMX competition last year. BMX racing is quite a 2. (danger) sport.
3． this didn't stop her 4. (want) to do more competition. Lisa exercises every day. Like many sports people, she 5. (believe) in luck as well as hard work.
B
(2019·原创)In order to help rural students grow taller and stronger, China's Nutrition(营养) Improvement Program started 6. 2011. According to the program, a lot more money 7. (spend) improving students' meals. More 8. 36 million students from 134，000 primary and junior high schools in poor rural areas have benefited from the program. They are provided 9. healthy food like eggs and milk from Monday to Friday at school. And the result of a survey 10. (show) that the students in those areas are much taller and stronger than before.
四、完形填空
阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的词语填空。方框中有两个词语为多余选项。
(2019·原创)
As use up move unable pity controls
on married
When Jane was ten years old, she became ill with a terrible disease. This disease damaged Jane's body. She couldn't 1. her arms or legs.
Jane is forty years old now. She is 2. to do many things. She can't brush her teeth. She can't put 3. her shoes. She can't run or jump. She can't make breakfast.
But she dares to try many things. She has a wheelchair. She 4. her wheelchair with her mouth. She writes letters without her hands. How does she do it? She talks to a special computer. She has a special telephone. She can answer it just by saying “hello”．
Jane is 5. and has two children. She likes to watch her elevenyearold son play
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soccer. From her wheelchair, Jane cheers 6. her son runs and kicks the ball. Her daughter likes to play the piano, but she knows a lot about music. She enjoys encouraging her daughter.
Jane speaks to people about the things she has learned as a disabled person.
“Everyone faces problems. If you only focus on your problems, you'll have a life full of them. I don't need any 7. . I think about all the good things in my life. I have a life full of good things.”
五、阅读表达
阅读短文，根据要求完成文后的题目。
(2019·预测)There was a little boy whose name was Peter. He lived in a village close to the sea. The villagers built sea walls to keep sea water from the doors of the houses. But once the sea walls almost put the village in great danger.
One day, Peter was walking on his way back home along the sea wall when it began to rain. All of a sudden, he saw a hole in the wall, from which the sea water was running. Peter shouted for help because he knew the hole meant that the sea was making its way through the sea wall, but no answer came. He realized he should do something else as quickly as possible, or the sea water could be pouring over the whole village. He started to rush towards his village. At the same time, the rain became heavier and heavier.
It was getting dark, but Peter rushed on and on. He felt cold and hungry. In the rainstorm, he fell down over and over again. Many times he thought about giving up, but he fought on. He remembered his father's words, “Lots of strong men have made every effort to build the walls which can keep the village safe from danger. The sea walls are really important.”
Finally, when the boy's father saw him, Peter had been black and blue all over. The boy told the villagers what had happened to the sea wall. They repaired it in time. “Thank God! He saved the village，” they praised Peter. All the villagers called him “Peter the Guard” from then on. Peter's parents were really proud of him!
1．What did Peter do first after he saw a hole in the wall？(no more than 4 words)
2．How did Peter feel when he rushed on and on？(no more than 5 words)
3．Who told Peter about the importance of the sea walls？(no more than 2 words)
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4．请将文中画线的句子翻译成汉语。
5．请给短文拟一个适当的英文标题。
参考答案
一、BDAC
二、1.Neither 2.provide 3.allowed 4.threw
5．compare 6.push 7.waste 8.nervous
三、1.fell 2.dangerous 3.But 4.wanting
5．believes 6.in 7.was spent 8.than
9．with 10.shows
四、1.move 2.unable 3.on 4.controls 5.married
6．as 7.pity
五、1.He shouted for help.
2．He felt cold and hungry.
3．His father.
4．他意识到自己应该尽快做些其他的事情，否则海水会灌进整个村庄。
5．Peter—the Guard
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