2019中考英语人教七下U7—12语法聚焦和练习及答案
一、阅读理解。
阅读下列短 文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Ask someone what they have done to help the environment recently and they will almost mention recycling. Recycling in the homes is very important. However, having to recycle often means we already have more products than we need. We are just dealing with the results of that over-consumption in the greenest way, but it would be much better if we did not bring so many goods home.
The total amount of packaging(外包装) has increased by 12% between 2001 and 2007. It is 1/3 of a home’s waste in the UK. In many supermarkets, food products are packaged twice with plastic and paper. Too much packaging is doing serious damage to the environment. The UK, for example, is running out of land because of this unnecessary waste. If such packaging is burnt, it gives off greenhouse gases which go on to cause the greenhouse effect(温室效应). Besides, the plastic from the package puts some creatures(生物) in danger, especially birds and fish.
Recycling helps, but the recycling itself uses energy. The solution is not to produce such waste in the first place. Too many supermarkets encourage customers to buy more than they need. However, few of them have the idea that this cannot continue.
But this is not just about supermarkets. It is about all of us. We have been used to the idea that packaging means excellence while anything unpackaged is of poor condition. This is especially true of food. But this idea has spread to other products, which often have far more packaging than necessary.
There are signs of hope. As more of us recycle, we are beginning to realize just how many unnecessary goods are collected. We need to face the waste of our consumer culture(消费文化), but we have a mountain to climb.
( )1. What does the underlined word “over-consumption” in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A. 过度包装 B. 回收废物
C. 过度消费 D. 过度生产
( )2. Which of the following damage of over packaging is NOT mentioned?
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A. It may waste land.
B. It may pollute the food.
C. It may do harm to the living things, like birds and fish.
D. It may make the greenhouse effect worse.
( )3. According to Paragraph 3, what is in the first place to help protect the environment?
A. Recycling.
B. Not to produce waste.
C. Not to buy products in the supermarkets.
D. Not to use energy.
( )4. What do people think of packaged products?
A. Supermarkets encourage them to buy those products.
B. Packaged products are much cheaper.
C. It is unnecessary for food to have packaging.
D. People think packaged products are better than unpackaged ones.
( )5. What does the writer tell us in the last paragraph?
A. Fighting waste is difficult.
B. People don’t waste any more.
C. Doing exercise is good, like climbing the mountain.
D. We should continue our consumer culture.
参考答案CBBDA
二、教材语法聚焦
1. 现在进行时(II)(七下Unit 7)
【基本用法】
表示现在(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作。
【教材例句】
1. —How is the weather? 天气怎么样？
—It's raining. 正在下雨。
2. —What are they doing? 他们正在干什么？
—They are playing basketball in the park. 他们正在公园里打篮球。
【即学即练】
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( )1. Don't talk loudly here. A little baby______.
A. had slept B. is sleeping
C. sleeps D. slept
( )2. —Mr. Huang, it's late. Why are you still here?
—My daughter hasn't come back from school yet. I______ for her.
A. waited B. am waiting
C. was waiting D. have waited
2. There be 句型(七下Unit 8)
【基本用法】
“There be＋某人/物＋某地/时 ”表示“某地/时有某人/物”， there无实际意义。
【教材例句】
1. —Is there a bank near here? 这附近有一家银行吗？
—Yes, there is. It's on Center Street. 是的，有。它在中心大街。
2. —Are there any restaurants near here? 这附近有餐馆吗？
—Yes, there's one in front of the post office. 是的，邮局的前面有一个。
【即学即练】
( )3. There______ one bowl of rice on the table.
A. is B. have
C. has D. are
( )4. —Are there any books on the desk?
—No, ______.
A. there are B. there aren't
C. they aren't D. they are
3. 地点介词(七下Unit 8)
【基本用法】
表示地点的介词，叫地点介词。常见的地点介词有at, in, on, near, around, along, next to, in front of, under, behind, beside, between, across from, between, in the front of, in the middle of等。
【教材例句】
1. The pay phone is across from the library. 公用电话在图书馆的对面。
2. The hotel is behind the police station. 旅馆在警察局的后面。
3. The pay phone is next to the post office. 公用电话在邮局的旁边。
4. The restaurant is in front of the post office. 餐馆在邮局的前面。
【即学即练】
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( )5. Kate sits______ Tom in the classroom because she is shorter than him.
A. in front of B. in the front of
C. behind D. next to
( )6. It's so cold outside. Remember to close the door______ you when you leave.
A. beside B. before
C. with D. behind
4. 描述性形容词(七下Unit 9)
【基本用法】
描述性形容词指用来描述名词的特征及形态等。多个描述性形容词修饰一个名词时的顺序为：数量、性质、大小、新旧、年龄、颜色、材质。
【教材例句】
1. She's of medium height, and she has long straight hair. 她中等身材，且有一头长直发。
2. He isn't tall or short. He is really handsome. 他既不高也不低。他真的很帅。
【即学即练】
( )7. —Xi'an is a very old city.
—Sure. It has a______ history.
A. big B. small
C. short D. long
( )8. I have ______to do today.
A. anything important B. something important
C. important nothing D. important something
5. would like, some, any的用法(七下Unit 10)
【基本用法】
would like“想要……”表示征求对方意见或建议；some用于陈述句和肯定句，后接可数或不可数名词；any用于否定句或疑问句，后接不可数名词。
【教材例句】
1．Would you like a large bowl? 你想要一大碗吗？
2. —Are there any vegetables in the beef soup? 牛肉汤里有蔬菜吗？
—Yes. There are some tomatoes. 是的。有一些西红柿。
【即学即练】
( )9. —Would you like some coffee?
—______. I drank some water just now.
A. No, thanks B. I think so
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C. That's all right D. Yes, OK
( )10. They have______ oranges, but I don't have______.
A. some; any B. any; some
C. any; any D. some; some
6. 一般过去时(七下Unit 11，Unit 12)
【基本用法】
表示过去某个时间或某一段时间内发生的动作或存在的状态。
结构：主语＋was/were＋其他；主语＋ved＋其他。
【教材例句】
1. —How was your school trip? 你的学校郊游怎么样？
—It was great. 太棒了。
2. I visited my grandparents in the countryside. 我看望了在乡下的祖父母。
3. —What did you do last weekend? 上周末你干什么了？
—I did my homework. /We went boating. 我做了家庭作业。/我们去划船了。
【即学即练】
( )11. —When______ you ______here?
—Two days ago.
A. did; come B. have; come
C. will; come D. do; come
( )12. He turned off the light and______ the classroom with his friends.
A. leaves B. left
C. has left D. will leave
参考答案：1～5 B B A B B 6～10 D D B A A 11～12 A B
三、完形填空。
When I was a young child, my parents often told me that a positive heart brought man everything. I didn’t understand and wondered why _1_ has such a big influence on a person. And now, although I’m just a middle school student, I’d like to _2_ my own opinions on this saying.
Once I read a sentence— “To make this world a _3__ place to live in, rather than the whole world, you’d better change your _4_.” It made me lost in thought. There
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are so many things around us that go _5_ our will. We can’t force life to follow our wishes. The earth won’t _6__ turning whether we accept it or not.
What we can do is just to make ourselves suit the world. I think we should learn to _7_ welcome whatever life gives us, the spring sunlight or the winter snowfall, and try to get _8_ from it.
I have tried to catch every pleasant thing in my life, but I _9_ catch most of the pleasant moments, such as being hugged by mother when in fear, being 10_ by the teacher when in trouble, being helped by a stranger when _11_. I realize that I don’t just live alone and that there are others around me I should _12_. They all pay attention to my growing up, and are proud of my achievements _13_ it is just a little progress. It is their care and love that _14_ remind me I live in a warm and happy world.
Different people may have different __15_ towards life. But there is one rule should be followed and that is to make the world better.
( )1. A. it B. he C. she
( )2. A. hold B. make C. show
( )3. A. nice B. dull C. rich
( )4. A. job B. heart C. taste
( )5. A. above B. along C. against
( )6. A. stop B. keep C. start
( )7. A. casually B. politely C. warmly
( )8. A. friendship B. success C. pleasure
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( )9. A. won’t B. can’t C. needn’t
( )10. A. invited B. trained C. cheered
( )11. A. in line B. in danger C. in agreement
( )12. A. think of B. hear of C. dream of
( )13. A. as for B. now that C. even though
( )14. A. never B. often C. sometimes
( )15. A. plans B. habits C. attitudes
【答案详解】1-5. ACABC 6-10. ACCBC 11-15. BACBC
1. A 考查代词。it指代上文的positive heart (积极的心态)。句意：我不明白并想知道它对一个人为何有如此大的影响。
2. C 考查动词词义。句意：现在我虽然仅是一个中学生，但我想就这个说法表明我的观点。hold “握住；保留”；make “制造，制定”；show “表示，展示”。故选C。
3. A 考查文意理解。To make this word a nice place to live in (使这个世界成为一个生活的好地方)。
4. B 考查文意理解。根据上文positive heart的提示。句意：你最好改变你的心态。
5. C 考查文意理解及介词辨析。句意：我们周围有许多事情违反我们意志。above “在……上面”；along “沿着”；against “反对，违背”；根据句意选C。
6. A 考查文意及动词辨析。句意：不论我们是否接收，地球不会停止旋转。stop “停止”；keep “保持”；start “开始”。根据文意选A。
7. C 考查文意理解和副词辨析。句意：我想无论生活给我们什么，我们都应该学会热烈欢迎，春天的阳光或冬天的降雪。casually“偶然地；漫不经心地”； politely“礼貌地”；warmly “热烈地，温暖地”。根据文意选C。
8. C 考查文意和名词辨析。句意：并且尽力从中得到乐趣。friendship “友谊”；success
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“成功”；pleasure “快乐，乐趣”。根据文意选C。
9. B 考查文意和情态动词。我已尽力抓住我一生中每一样美好的东西，但我不能抓住绝大数快乐的瞬间……。won't “将不”；can’t “不能”；needn’t “不必”。 根据文意选B。
10. C 考查文意及动词辨析。文意：……处于困境时被老师鼓励。invite “邀请”；train “培训”；cheer “为……加油，鼓励”。根据文意选D。
11. B 考查文意及介词短语。文意：……当危险时被陌生人帮助。in line “排队”；in danger “处于危险中”；in agreement “持相同意见”。根据文意选B。
12. A 考查文意及动词短语。句意：我意识到我不仅仅是一个生活，有我应该考虑的我周围的其他人。think of“想到，考虑”；hear of “听说”；dream of “梦想”。根据文意选A。
13. C 考查文意及连词。文意：他们都关注我的成长并为我的成就即使仅是一点小进步感到自豪。as for “至于； 关于”；now that “既然，因为”； even though “即使”。根据文意选C。
14. B 考查文意和副词。句意：是他们的关怀和爱护经常提醒我生活在一个温暖和祝福的世界。Never“从不”；often“经常”；sometimes“有时”。根据文意选B。
15. C 考查文意和名词。句意：不同的人也许有对待生活的不同的态度。Plan“计划”；habit“习惯”； attitude“态度”。根据文意选C。
四、语法填空。
阅读短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。
Life is not easy，so I'd like to say，“When anything happens，believe in yourself(相信自己)．”When I was a young boy，I was too shy to talk to a__1__. My classmates often laughed at me. I was s__2__ and I could do nothing. Later，something happened and it changed my life. It was a speech contest(竞赛). My mother asked me to t__3__ part in it. What a terrible idea！I had to speak b__4__ all the teachers and students of my school.
“Come on，boy. Believe in yourself. You are sure to w__5__ the contest.”said my mother. Then my mother and I talked about many d__6__topics(话题). At last I chose the topic“ Believe in yourself”. I tried my best to remember all the speech and practiced it over 100 times. With my mother's great love，I did well in the contest. I could hardly believe my ears w__7__ I heard I won the first place. I h__8__
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the cheers from the teachers and the students.
My classmates didn't look down on(轻视 瞧不起) me any m__9__，now all said“congratulations”to me.
Since then，e__1__ has changed for me. When I do anything，I try to tell myself to be confident(自信). I can succeed.
1.__________ 2.__________ 3.__________ 4.__________ 5.__________
6.__________ 7.__________ 8.__________ 9.__________ 10.__________
【参考答案】
1.anyone 2.sad 3.take 4.before 5.win 6.different 7.when 8.heard 9.more 10.everything
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