高中语文必修2文言知识点整理《离骚》

《离骚》知识整理《离骚》知识整理（一）通假字1．错：偭规矩而改错（通“措”，措施）2．邑：忳郁邑余侘傺兮（通“悒”，忧愁苦闷）3．圜：何方圜之能周兮（通“圆”）4．离：进不入以离尤兮（通“罹”，遭受） 5．章：芳菲菲其弥章（通“彰”，明显，显著） 6．反：延伫乎吾将反（通“返”，返回）（二）词类活用1．鞿羁：余虽好修姱以鞿羁兮（名作动，约束）2．淫：谣诼谓余以善淫（动作名，淫荡的事）3．群：鸷鸟之不群兮（名作动，合群）4．死：伏清白以死直兮（为动用法，为……而死）5．屈、抑：屈心而抑志兮（使动，使……受委屈、使……受压抑）6．步：步余马于兰皋兮（使动，使……步行）7．高：高余冠之岌岌兮（使动，使……加高） otherstaffoftheCentre.Duringthewar,ZhuwastransferredbacktoJiangxi,andDirectorofthenewOfficeinJingdezhen,JiangxiCommitteeSecretary.Startingin1939servedasrecorderoftheWestNorthOrganization,SecretaryoftheSpecialCommitteeAfterthevictoryofthelongMarch,hehasbeentheNorthwestOfficeoftheFederationofStateenterprisesMinister,ShenmufuguSARmissions,DirectorofNingxiaCountypartyCommitteeSecretaryandrecorderoftheCountypartyCommitteeSecretary,Ministersand3 《离骚》知识整理8．长：长余佩之陆离 （使动，使……加长）（三）古今异义词1．浩荡：怨灵修之浩荡（古义：荒唐|今义：形容水势广阔而壮大）2．工巧：固时俗之工巧兮（古义：善于投机取巧|今义：技艺巧妙）3．改错：偭规矩而改错（古义：改变措施|今义：改正错误）4．穷困：吾独穷困乎此时也（古义：处境困窘|今义：经济困难）5．流亡：宁溘死以流亡兮（古义：随流水而逝|今义：因灾害或政治原因被迫离开家乡或祖国）（四）一词多义1．长： 长太息以掩涕兮（副词，长久） 长余佩之陆离（使……加长） 2．善： 亦余心之所善兮（以为是好的） otherstaffoftheCentre.Duringthewar,ZhuwastransferredbacktoJiangxi,andDirectorofthenewOfficeinJingdezhen,JiangxiCommitteeSecretary.Startingin1939servedasrecorderoftheWestNorthOrganization,SecretaryoftheSpecialCommitteeAfterthevictoryofthelongMarch,hehasbeentheNorthwestOfficeoftheFederationofStateenterprisesMinister,ShenmufuguSARmissions,DirectorofNingxiaCountypartyCommitteeSecretaryandrecorderoftheCountypartyCommitteeSecretary,Ministersand3 《离骚》知识整理谣诼谓余以善淫（擅长）3．以为： 制芰荷以为衣兮（用……做） 余独好修以为常（认为）4．修： 余虽好修姱以鞿羁兮（美好）退将复修吾初服（整理） 余独好修姱以为常（美，美好）5．虽：余虽好修姱以鞿羁兮（惟，只是） 虽九死其犹未悔（即使，纵然）（五）特殊句式①不吾知其亦已兮。（宾语前置） ②唯昭质其犹未兮。（固定句式） ③高余冠之岌岌兮，长余佩之陆离。（定语后置）④余虽好修姱以鞿羁兮，謇朝谇而夕替。（被动句） ⑤虽体解吾犹未变亏。（被动句）otherstaffoftheCentre.Duringthewar,ZhuwastransferredbacktoJiangxi,andDirectorofthenewOfficeinJingdezhen,JiangxiCommitteeSecretary.Startingin1939servedasrecorderoftheWestNorthOrganization,SecretaryoftheSpecialCommitteeAfterthevictoryofthelongMarch,hehasbeentheNorthwestOfficeoftheFederationofStateenterprisesMinister,ShenmufuguSARmissions,DirectorofNingxiaCountypartyCommitteeSecretaryandrecorderoftheCountypartyCommitteeSecretary,Ministersand3