牛津译林版英语七年级下册词汇实例拓展运用学习法（第181组)

词汇实例拓展运用学习法 1 2020-2021 学年 牛津译林版七年级英语下册 第 181 组 基本词义 hit 美音:[hıt ] 英音:[hıt ] n.打击,打,碰撞,讽刺,(演出等)成功 vt.打,打击,碰撞,击中,袭击,偶然发现,伤...的感 情,找到 vi.打,打中,打击,碰撞,偶然碰上 词义详解 hit /hɪt; hɪt/ v (-tt-, pt, pp hit) 1 (a) [I, Tn, Tn.pr, Dn.n] ~ sb/sth (with sth) strike sb/sth with a blow, missile, etc 打、 打击、击中或命中某人[某物] *hit the nail with the hammer 用锤子钉钉子 * She hit him on the head with a book. 她用书打他的头. * I was hit by a falling stone. 我被落下的石块击中了. 词汇实例拓展运用学习法 2 2020-2021 学年 牛津译林版七年级英语下册 * The car was hit by a grenade. 把汽车打中了. * He's been hit (ie wounded) in the leg by a sniper's bullet. 狙击手的子弹打伤了他 的腿部. * All her shots hit the target. 她射击全部命中目标. * (fig 比喻) The family likeness really hits you, ie is very noticeable. 这家人彼此相 像之处, 一眼就能看出来. * He hit himself a nasty blow on the head. 他的脑袋撞得这一下很重. (b) [Tn] come against (sth/sb) with force 撞、撞击或碰撞（某物[某人]） *The lorry hit the lamp-post with a crash. 卡车 的一声撞到路灯柱上了. (c) [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (on/against sth) knock (part of the body) against sth 使（身体部 位）磕碰某物 *He hit his forehead (against the wall) as he fell. 他摔倒时, 额头磕着了（墙）. =>Usage 见所附用法. 2 (a) [Tn, Tn.pr] drive (a ball, etc) forward by striking it with a bat or club （用球拍 或球棒）击（球等） *hit a ball over the fence 把球击过围栏. (b) [Tn] (in cricket) score (runs) in this way （板球）击球得分 *He's already hit two sixes, ie scored two boundaries worth six runs each. 他已经击 中球获两个六分（两次击球到边界线, 每次得六分）. 词汇实例拓展运用学习法 3 2020-2021 学年 牛津译林版七年级英语下册 3 [Tn] have a bad or sudden effect on (a person, thing or place); cause to suffer; affect 对（某人、某事物或某地）产生不良的或意外的影响; 使痛若; 殃及 *How will the new law hit the unemployed? 新颁布的法令将使失业者遭受什么样 的打击? * The rent increase will hit the pockets of the poor. 租金的提高将加重穷人的负担. * Rural areas have been worst hit by the strike. 受罢工影响最严重的是乡村地区. * News of the disaster hit the Stock Exchange around noon. 大约中午时分, 发生灾 祸的消息引起了股票市场的动荡. 4 [Tn] (a) find (sth sought), esp by chance 发现（所寻之物, 尤指无意之中） *Follow the footpath and you'll eventually hit the road. 沿这条小径走终究会见到大 路的. (b) (infml 口) arrive in or at (a place) 到达（某地）; 在（某地） *When does the new show hit town? 新戏什么时候可在城里演出? (c) achieve (sth); reach 达到（某事物）; 至 *I can't hit the high notes. 我唱不了高音. * The yen hit a record high in trading today. 在今日的交易中, 日元已升值到历史 的最高水平. 5 [Tn] (infml 口) encounter (sth); experience 遇到（某事物）; 经历 *If you go now, you're likely to hit the rush hour. 你要是现在走, 可能正赶上交通 词汇实例拓展运用学习法 4 2020-2021 学年 牛津译林版七年级英语下册 拥挤的时刻. * hit a snag, problem, etc 遇到障碍、问题等 * Everything was going well but then we hit trouble. 起初一切都进行得很顺利, 可 是後来我们遇到了麻烦. 6 [Tn] (infml 口) attack (sb/sth); raid 攻击（某人[某事物]）; 袭击 *hit the enemy when they least expect it 乘敌不备时予以攻击. 7 (idm 习语) hit the `bottle (infml 口) drink too much alcohol regularly 经常酗酒 *After she died he began to hit the bottle. 她 死 之 後 , 他 开 始 酗 酒 . hit the `ceiling/`roof (infml 口 ) become suddenly very angry 勃 然 大 怒 . Cf 参 看 go through the roof (roof). hit the `deck (US infml 口) (a) fall to the ground 落到地上; 摔倒在地. (b) get out of bed 起床. (c) get ready for action 准备行动. hit/knock sb for six deal a severe blow to sb; affect deeply 给予某人以沉重打击; 使深受影响 *He was knocked completely for six by his sudden dismissal. 他突然遭解雇因而受 到沉重的打击. hit sb/sth `hard affect sb/sth badly 对某人[某事物]产生不利的影响 *Television has hit the cinema industry very hard. 电视的出现沉重地打击了电影业. * Old people are hardest hit by the rising cost of living. 生活费用上升, 老年人最受 影响. hit the `hay/`sack (infml 口) go to bed 上床睡觉; 就寝. hit/make/reach the 词汇实例拓展运用学习法 5 2020-2021 学年 牛津译林版七年级英语下册 headlines => headlines (head1). hit/strike home => home3. hit sb in the `eye be very obvious to sb 对某人来说是显而易见的. hit it = hit the nail on the head. hit it `off (with sb) (infml 口) have a good and harmonious relationship (with sb); get on well （与某人）关系良好; 和睦相处. hit the `jackpot make a lot of money unexpectedly 意外地得到一大笔钱. hit/kick a man when he's down => man. hit/miss the mark => mark1. hit the nail on the `head express the truth precisely; guess correctly 一针见血; 猜中. hit/touch a nerve => nerve. hit/strike the right/wrong note => note1. hit the `road; esp US hit the `trail (infml 口) start on a journey 上路; 出发. 8 (phr v) hit at sb/sth aim a blow at sb/sth 对准某人[某物]打去. hit back (at sb/sth) reply forcefully to (esp verbal) attacks; retaliate 反击（尤指言语方面）; 报复 *In a TV interview she hit back at her critics. 她在接受电视采访时, 反驳了那些批 评者的观点. hit sb/sth off (infml 口) describe sb/sth briefly and accurately (in words) （用言语或文字）简洁而精确地描述某人[某事物]. hit on/upon sth think up (a plan, solution, etc) unexpectedly and by inspiration; find sth by luck 偶然地、灵机一动地 想出（方案、解决办法等）; 无意中发现某事物 *She hit upon a good title for her new novel. 她突然灵机一动, 为自己的新小说想 出了一个很好的书名. hit out (at sb/sth) attack sb/sth vigorously or violently with words or blows 猛烈抨击或打击某人[某事物] *In a rousing speech the President hit out against the trade union. 主席在一次言辞激 词汇实例拓展运用学习法 6 2020-2021 学年 牛津译林版七年级英语下册 烈的讲话中对工会进行了严厉的批评. not know what hit one => know. NOTE ON USAGE 用法 *Hit is used in a more general way than strike or beat. *hit 比 strike 或 beat 用得广. A person, an animal or a thing can be hit by a hand or by an object held or thrown. 用 手、用手执物或投掷物击打人、动物或物品均可为 hit. *When used with this meaning, strike is more formal than hit. 在用于以上意义时, strike 比 hit 较为文雅. One can hit or strike a person with the intention of hurting them 这两个词均可表示 有意地伤害对方 *She hit/struck him hard on the face. 她用力地打他耳光. One can also hit or strike a person or thing accidentally 这两个词还可以表示施之于人或物的意外的动作 *The car hit/struck a lamp-post. 汽车撞到路灯柱上了. In addition we can hit or strike things with a purpose 此外, 可用 hit 或 strike 表示含有某目的而击打物品 *hit/strike a nail with a hammer 用锤子钉钉子. Beat means `hit repeatedly'. *beat 意 为｀接连地打＇. We cannot beat people or things accidentally 不可用 beat 表示意外 地施于人或物的动作 *He was beaten to death by thugs. 他被暴徒殴打致死. * beat eggs, a carpet, a drum 打蛋、拍打地毯、击鼓. /hɪt; hɪt/ 词汇实例拓展运用学习法 7 2020-2021 学年 牛津译林版七年级英语下册 n 1 (a) act of hitting; blow or stroke 打; 打击 *That was a clever hit! 那一击妙极了! * a direct hit on an enemy ship 对准敌舰的一击. (b) point scored by a shot, etc that reaches its target 命中目标; 得分 *a final score of two hits and six misses 两次击中六次未中的最後分数. 2 ~ at sb (fig 比喻) sarcastic comment made to or about sb 对某人的嘲讽; 关于某 人的嘲讽话 *That last remark was a hit at me. 最後的话是对我的讽刺. 3 person or thing that is very popular; success 红极一时的人物或事物; 成功 *He's a hit with everyone. 大家都喜欢他. * Her new film is quite a hit. 她的新影片十分成功. * They sang their latest hit. 他们唱了最新流行歌曲. * [attrib 作定语] hit songs, records 流行歌曲、歌曲唱片. 4 (idm 习语) make a hit (with sb) (infml 口) make a very favourable impression (on sb) 给予（某人）极其良好的印象 *You've made quite a hit with Bill. 比尔觉得你人很好. 词汇实例拓展运用学习法 8 2020-2021 学年 牛津译林版七年级英语下册 单词例句 实例 1 组： 1. Everyone was alarmed when I hit my head on the board at the trials in Seoul. 汉城奥运会预赛时我头部碰到了跳板，大家都很吃惊。 2. Brad: Nice game! A shower and whirlpool should really hit the spot. 伯拉德:真不错的比赛!来个淋浴和旋涡浴应该够过瘾了. 3. But since then the park has been hit by a number of problems. 但那以后，这个主题公园遇到了一些问题。 4. When our plane landed in the storm , it hit the runway with a jolt. 我们的飞机在暴风雨中着陆时，颠簸着落在地上。 5. When we got home that night, after we put Shoshana to bed, he said modestly, "Well, I think we hit it off A-OK." 那晚我们回到家里, 把肖谢纳放到床上后, 他谦虚地说: "嗯, 我觉得情况还不 错。" 6. Though the village was hit by a big flood the commune members were not discouraged. 村子虽然遭了严重水灾，可是社员们并不气馁。 词汇实例拓展运用学习法 9 2020-2021 学年 牛津译林版七年级英语下册 7. The pot shattered as it hit the floor. 罐子掉在地板上摔了个粉碎. 8. The town was hit by a tornado. 那个城镇遭龙卷风袭击. 9. The ship was wrecked when it hit a rock. 船触礁遇难了。 10. This increases their air-resistance and reduces the shock of impact when they hit the ground. 这样就加大了空气阻力，并减少了它们着地时冲击力带来的震动。