高考英语话题专项复习（二十九）

2021 高考英语话题专项复习（二十九） 目录 内容 Part 1 话题相关词汇 Part 2 话题相关短语 Part 2 话题相关句式 Part 3 话题相关写作 Part 4 话题相关阅读 学生默写版 一：相关词汇 （1） 1． n．生态，生态学 2． n. 垃圾 3． adj. 永久的；持久的 4． vt. 收回；撤回；撤离 5． n. 缺乏 6． adj. 不顾一切的；极度渴望的 7． n. 副产品 8． n. 保护 9． n. 放射物；辐射 10． n. 吸收 11． adj. 加速的 12． n. 分开；分配；分裂；不一致 13． n. 暴力，暴力行为 14． n. 分界线；边界 15． n. 环节；联系；关系 vt. 连接，联结；联合；结合 （2） 1. 地球 2. 世界 3. 洲，大陆 4. 边境,国界 5. 环境.情况 6. 燃料 7. 和平 8. 产品 9. 贸易 10. 照顾，出席 11. 有益于，有助于 12. 使联合,结合 13. 増进,促进 14. 代表，象征 15. 传播；扩散 16. 储备 17. 受苦,遭受 18. 移民 19. 分割，分配 20. 宽阔的，广泛的 21. 整个的，全部的 22. 联邦（制）的 23. 外国的 24. 国际的 25. 原子能的，核能的 26. 和平的 27. 永久的 28. 极端的 29. 分布广的，普遍的 30. 人口 二：相关短语 1． 因此；结果 2． 引起某人的注意 3． 在某人看来 4． 更糟糕的是 5． 注意 6． 因缺乏 7． 有影响 8． 把……抛在后面 9． 面临 10． 灭绝 11． 回收利用课本/垃圾 12． 禁止在公共场合吸烟 13． 改善居住条件 14． 保持自然平衡 15． 禁止滥用塑料袋 16． 保护环境 17． 排放烟和有毒气体到空气中 18． 砍伐树木 19． 把废水注入河流 20． 养成良好的习惯来保护周围环境 三：相关句式 1． 如果你考虑我的建议我将感激不尽，我的确希望你们的报纸对环境保护有所意 义。 2． 现在，随着经济的发展，许多城市面临着严重的环境问题，这对人们的健康十分 有害。 3 对于我们来说，维持生态平衡和保护环境是多么重要啊！ 4． 我校摄影俱乐部将要举办国际中学生摄影展，主题是环境保护。 5． 我们应该让公众知道每个人应该而且能够做些事情来处理环境问题。 6． 每当我想到我家附近那一条清澈的小河，我就忍不住感到悲伤。 6． 我认为如果每个人都致力于保护湿地，湿地能得到很好的保护，我们能够享受更 加和谐的环境。 7． 遗憾的是，很多人意识不到环境保护的重要性。 四：相关写作 假定你是李华，你校即将举行主题为“Let’s go green now”的英语演讲比 赛。请你用英语写一篇演讲稿，要点包括： 1．倡导绿色生活的原因； 2．实践途径(至少三点)。 注意：1.词数 100 左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3．开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。 五：相关阅读 A The University of Miami’s newest hospital has a six-bed emergency room,an operating room,a birthing room and outpatient clinics (诊室). The only thing missing is patients.Instead,nursing students get a realistic clinical experience using computerized patients and staff actors. “Practicing on real people can be a frightening environment,and as our patients may be unwilling to accept treatment when a student walks in,” said Susana Barroso-Fernandez,who oversees UM’s simulation program.“We created this environment to allow students to practice and make mistakes and never put a patient or student at risk.” UM’s Simulation Hospital is part of a growing trend of colleges building simulation centers to provide real-life experiences for students.Community colleges and schools also use simulators for emergency medical technician and medical assistant programs. A 2014 study by the National Council of State Boards of Nursing found that colleges could use simulation to replace up to half of all clinical experience without any bad results.The students scored as well on nursing license exams as those getting most of their experience in hospitals and health care centers.Officials say they think simulation has helped their students achieve nearly perfect passing rates on the exams. There are major advantages of simulation.In addition to giving students a safe environment to practice in,it also gives students experience with conditions that are rare,but still important for them to know how to deal with. The Simulation Hospital will also be used as a training place for people outside of UM,officials said. “You can bring companies in that want to test new products before they go to market,” Barroso-Fernandez said.“You can work with community partners like police and fire departments.You can take this hospital and turn it into a casualty event and have the community practice disaster preparedness and response.It’s not just about nursing education.” 1.What is special about the new hospital? A.It has modern services and expert doctors. B.It is comfortable and patient-friendly. C.There are plenty of clinics. D.There are no real patients. 2.What did the 2014 study show? A.Simulation was used in most colleges. B.Simulation could help students get job chances. C.Simulation could avoid some unfavorable results. D.Simulation increased the risks of patients and students. 3.What can be learned from Barroso-Fernandez’s words in the last paragraph? A.This hospital can be widely used. B.She was not satisfied with the nursing education. C.This hospital is good at dealing with casualty events. D.She advised companies to put more money into this hospital. B In a warehouse east of Los Angeles,Richard Medina employed “Black Cat” to keep mice from stealing the drinks and foods that were stored there. Black Cat is one of many neutered feral cats (绝育的流浪猫) that “no-kill” shelters are giving to businesses and people to help control animals like mice,and to save cats’ lives. Medina received his animals through a working cat program at the Los Angeles shelter of the Best Friends Animal Society.The organization is trying to end unnecessary pet euthanasia (安乐死). But placing cats in businesses can only help a little with the problem of unwanted pets. Though the number of animals euthanized in shelters has been decreasing,about 860,000 cats are still killed each year.Many city shelters don’t have space to house them and many are too wild to make good house pets. Working cats start out living on the streets,where they learn to fear humans,says Marc Peralta,who runs Best Friends’ Los Angeles shelter.Some are caught by animal control officers and brought to shelters run by the city — which is where Best Friends mainly gets its working cats. Besides businesses,the program has placed cats with people who need help in the countryside. Brittany Sorgenstein raises plants,sheep and a rabbit on her land.She could not get away from the mice.Through the Best Friends Animal Society,she found out about the working cat adoption program and decided to give it a try.Last year,she raised two cats. It’s not always perfect.They may kill birds or other wildlife,which is why some environmental activists are against putting homeless cats back into society,says Rebekah DeHaven,a spokesman for an animal rights organization.But she added that most communities don’t see these cats as a large problem if they are fixed and disease-free. 4.What did Black Cat do in a warehouse? A.It was placed there to accept euthanasia. B.It helped control other pets there. C.It escaped there to survive. D.It was working there. 5.What is the aim of the Best Friends Animal Society? A.To save pets from unnecessary euthanasia. B.To send homeless cats to people as pets. C.To provide space for homeless pets. D.To train animals to help people. 6.Why did Brittany Sorgenstein adopt two cats? A.To find playmates for her rabbit. B.To help house homeless animals. C.To solve her mouse problem. D.To save them from illness. 7.Why do some people disagree to put homeless cats into society? A.These cats may spread disease. B.They fear these cats may do harm to people. C.These cats may be dangerous for some animals. D.They think staying in a shelter is better for these cats. C Traveling independently for the first time can be stressful if you don’t plan your trip carefully.In Cuba,my friends and I really learned the value of planning ahead and being responsible tourists.So,before you set off,take a look at my list of useful tips: Plan who to go with. Think about your travel buddies (朋友) carefully.Traveling with just one person has its advantages and disadvantages,but traveling in a group isn’t easy either.In a group,everyone wants something different.Be patient and understanding,and try to find a compromise. 1 And remember:if you take everyone’s views into account before you go,you won’t have so many arguments! 2 Before you go,find out about the country’s culture and look up some basic words and useful phrases in the local language. 3 If you say just a few words in their language,the local people will really appreciate it,and everyone will feel more comfortable. Be responsible. It’s really important to be a responsible tourist and to try to support the local economy. 4 We stayed in private homes in different parts of Cuba.Our hosts were really kind-hearted and their generosity was amazing.If you stay with a family,you’ll find out much more about your hosts’ culture and way of life. 5 Seeing the sights and learning about the culture with local Cubans was truly exciting.If we had stayed in a hotel,we wouldn’t have had these experiences. A.Do your homework. B.Think about the environment. C.Don’t be embarrassed by your accent. D.I decided to spend the summer in Cuba with some friends. E.Be adaptable,so that you can deal with unexpected changes. F.For example,why not stay with a local family instead of in a big hotel? G.They will probably take you to places the guidebooks don’t tell you about. 2021 高考英语话题专项复习（二十九）教师版 一：相关词汇 （1） 1．ecology n．生态，生态学 2．garbage n. 垃圾 3．permanent adj. 永久的；持久的 4．withdraw vt. 收回；撤回；撤离 5．shortage n. 缺乏 6．desperate adj. 不顾一切的；极度渴望的 7．byproduct n. 副产品 8．conservation n. 保护 9．radiation n. 放射物；辐射 10．absorption n. 吸收 11．accelerated adj. 加速的 12．division n. 分开；分配；分裂；不一致 13．violence n. 暴力，暴力行为 14．boundary n. 分界线；边界 15．link n. 环节；联系；关系 vt. 连接，联结；联合；结合 （2） 1.earth 地球 2.world 世界 3.continent 洲，大陆 4.border 边境,国界 5.circumstance 环境.情况 6.fuel 燃料 7.peace 和平 8.product 产品 9.trade 贸易 10.attend 照顾，出席 11.benefit 有益于，有助于 12.combine 使联合,结合 13.promote 増进,促进 14.represent 代表，象征 15.spread 传播；扩散 16.store 储备 17.suffer 受苦,遭受 18.immigrate 移民 19.divide 分割，分配 20.broad 宽阔的，广泛的 21.entire 整个的，全部的 22.federal 联邦（制）的 23.foreign 外国的 24.international 国际的 25.nuclear 原子能的，核能的 26.peaceful 和平的 27.permanent 永久的 28.extreme 极端的 29.widespread 分布广的，普遍的 30.population 人口 二：相关短语 1．as a consequence 因此；结果 2．catch one’s eye 引起某人的注意 3．in one’s view 在某人看来 4．to make matters worse 更糟糕的是 5．pay attention to 注意 6．for lack of 因缺乏 7．make a difference 有影响 8．leave...behind 把……抛在后面 9．be faced with 面临 10．die out 灭绝 11．recycle textbooks/trash 回收利用课本/垃圾 12．ban smoking in public 禁止在公共场合吸烟 13．improve one’s living conditions 改善居住条件 14．keep the balance of nature 保持自然平衡 15．ban the abuse of plastic bags 禁止滥用塑料袋 16．protect the environment 保护环境 17．send out smoke and poisonous gases into the air 排放烟和有毒气体到空气中 18．cut down trees 砍伐树木 19．pour waste water into the rivers 把废水注入河流 20．form good habits to protect the surroundings 养成良好的习惯来保护周围环境 三：相关句式 1．I’d appreciate it if you could take my tips into account and I do hope that your paper will make a difference to environmental protection. 如果你考虑我的建议我将感激不尽，我的确希望你们的报纸对环境保护有所意 义。 2．Nowadays, with the development of economy，many cities are faced with serious environmental problems，which does great harm to people’s health. 现在，随着经 济的发展，许多城市面临着严重的环境问题，这对人们的健康十分有害。 3 ． How important it is for us to keep the balance of nature and protect the environment! 对于我们来说，维持生态平衡和保护环境是多么重要啊！ 4．Our school photography club is going to hold an International High School Student Photography Show, with the theme of environmental protection. 我校摄影俱乐部将要举办国际中学生摄影展，主题是环境保护。 5．We should make the public aware that everyone should and can do something to deal with environment problems. 我们应该让公众知道每个人应该而且能够做些事情来处理环境问题。 6．Whenever I think of the clean river near my house，I cannot help but feel sad. ＝Every time I think of the clean river near my house，I cannot help feeling sad. 每当我想到我家附近那一条清澈的小河，我就忍不住感到悲伤。 7．I believe if everyone is devoted to protecting the wetlands, the wetlands can be well preserved and we can enjoy a more harmonious environment. 我认为如果每个人 都致力于保护湿地，湿地能得到很好的保护，我们能够享受更加和谐的环境。 8 ． It is a pity that many people don ’ t realize the importance of environmental protection. 遗憾的是，很多人意识不到环境保护的重要性。 四：相关写作 假定你是李华，你校即将举行主题为“Let’s go green now”的英语演讲比 赛。请你用英语写一篇演讲稿，要点包括： 1．倡导绿色生活的原因； 2．实践途径(至少三点)。 注意：1.词数 100 左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3．开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。 Boys and girls， I’m honored to give the speech. With development of society and economy, the number of private cars is increasing at a surprising speed.As we all know, cars give off poisonous gas such as carbon dioxide, causing global warming, frequent natural disasters, diseases and so on.In order to protect our environment, it is high time that we should go green. Firstly ， we should raise people ’ s awareness of the importance of going green.Secondly，using public transportation or riding bicycles instead of using cars can make a great difference to the problem.What ’ s more, we should take full advantage of water，electricity，paper，food and so on.Last but not least, it is a good idea to classify our rubbish and recycle it in our daily life. That’s all.Thank you. 五：相关阅读 A The University of Miami’s newest hospital has a six-bed emergency room,an operating room,a birthing room and outpatient clinics (诊室). The only thing missing is patients.Instead,nursing students get a realistic clinical experience using computerized patients and staff actors. “Practicing on real people can be a frightening environment,and as our patients may be unwilling to accept treatment when a student walks in,” said Susana Barroso-Fernandez,who oversees UM’s simulation program.“We created this environment to allow students to practice and make mistakes and never put a patient or student at risk.” UM’s Simulation Hospital is part of a growing trend of colleges building simulation centers to provide real-life experiences for students.Community colleges and schools also use simulators for emergency medical technician and medical assistant programs. A 2014 study by the National Council of State Boards of Nursing found that colleges could use simulation to replace up to half of all clinical experience without any bad results.The students scored as well on nursing license exams as those getting most of their experience in hospitals and health care centers.Officials say they think simulation has helped their students achieve nearly perfect passing rates on the exams. There are major advantages of simulation.In addition to giving students a safe environment to practice in,it also gives students experience with conditions that are rare,but still important for them to know how to deal with. The Simulation Hospital will also be used as a training place for people outside of UM,officials said. “You can bring companies in that want to test new products before they go to market,” Barroso-Fernandez said.“You can work with community partners like police and fire departments.You can take this hospital and turn it into a casualty event and have the community practice disaster preparedness and response.It’s not just about nursing education.” 1.What is special about the new hospital? A.It has modern services and expert doctors. B.It is comfortable and patient-friendly. C.There are plenty of clinics. D.There are no real patients. 2.What did the 2014 study show? A.Simulation was used in most colleges. B.Simulation could help students get job chances. C.Simulation could avoid some unfavorable results. D.Simulation increased the risks of patients and students. 3.What can be learned from Barroso-Fernandez’s words in the last paragraph? A.This hospital can be widely used. B.She was not satisfied with the nursing education. C.This hospital is good at dealing with casualty events. D.She advised companies to put more money into this hospital. B In a warehouse east of Los Angeles,Richard Medina employed “Black Cat” to keep mice from stealing the drinks and foods that were stored there. Black Cat is one of many neutered feral cats (绝育的流浪猫) that “no-kill” shelters are giving to businesses and people to help control animals like mice,and to save cats’ lives. Medina received his animals through a working cat program at the Los Angeles shelter of the Best Friends Animal Society.The organization is trying to end unnecessary pet euthanasia (安乐死). But placing cats in businesses can only help a little with the problem of unwanted pets. Though the number of animals euthanized in shelters has been decreasing,about 860,000 cats are still killed each year.Many city shelters don’t have space to house them and many are too wild to make good house pets. Working cats start out living on the streets,where they learn to fear humans,says Marc Peralta,who runs Best Friends’ Los Angeles shelter.Some are caught by animal control officers and brought to shelters run by the city — which is where Best Friends mainly gets its working cats. Besides businesses,the program has placed cats with people who need help in the countryside. Brittany Sorgenstein raises plants,sheep and a rabbit on her land.She could not get away from the mice.Through the Best Friends Animal Society,she found out about the working cat adoption program and decided to give it a try.Last year,she raised two cats. It’s not always perfect.They may kill birds or other wildlife,which is why some environmental activists are against putting homeless cats back into society,says Rebekah DeHaven,a spokesman for an animal rights organization.But she added that most communities don’t see these cats as a large problem if they are fixed and disease-free. 4.What did Black Cat do in a warehouse? A.It was placed there to accept euthanasia. B.It helped control other pets there. C.It escaped there to survive. D.It was working there. 5.What is the aim of the Best Friends Animal Society? A.To save pets from unnecessary euthanasia. B.To send homeless cats to people as pets. C.To provide space for homeless pets. D.To train animals to help people. 6.Why did Brittany Sorgenstein adopt two cats? A.To find playmates for her rabbit. B.To help house homeless animals. C.To solve her mouse problem. D.To save them from illness. 7.Why do some people disagree to put homeless cats into society? A.These cats may spread disease. B.They fear these cats may do harm to people. C.These cats may be dangerous for some animals. D.They think staying in a shelter is better for these cats. C Traveling independently for the first time can be stressful if you don’t plan your trip carefully.In Cuba,my friends and I really learned the value of planning ahead and being responsible tourists.So,before you set off,take a look at my list of useful tips: Plan who to go with. Think about your travel buddies (朋友) carefully.Traveling with just one person has its advantages and disadvantages,but traveling in a group isn’t easy either.In a group,everyone wants something different.Be patient and understanding,and try to find a compromise. 1 And remember:if you take everyone’s views into account before you go,you won’t have so many arguments! 2 Before you go,find out about the country’s culture and look up some basic words and useful phrases in the local language. 3 If you say just a few words in their language,the local people will really appreciate it,and everyone will feel more comfortable. Be responsible. It’s really important to be a responsible tourist and to try to support the local economy. 4 We stayed in private homes in different parts of Cuba.Our hosts were really kind-hearted and their generosity was amazing.If you stay with a family,you’ll find out much more about your hosts’ culture and way of life. 5 Seeing the sights and learning about the culture with local Cubans was truly exciting.If we had stayed in a hotel,we wouldn’t have had these experiences. A.Do your homework. B.Think about the environment. C.Don’t be embarrassed by your accent. D.I decided to spend the summer in Cuba with some friends. E.Be adaptable,so that you can deal with unexpected changes. F.For example,why not stay with a local family instead of in a big hotel? G.They will probably take you to places the guidebooks don’t tell you about. 参考答案 1.D 细节理解题。由第二段中的“The only thing missing is patients.Instead,nursing students get a realistic clinical experience using computerized patients and staff actors”可知,医院利用电脑化的假病人与扮演工作人员的演员来训练学生。 2.C 细节理解题。由第五段中的“colleges could use simulation to replace up to half of all clinical experience without any bad results”可知,使用模拟情景训练学生可以 避免不好的结果。 3.A 推理判断题。由最后一段中 Barroso-Fernandez 所说的话可知,医院可以用来 帮助公司试验新药,让社区民众练习灾难准备与应对措施,它的用途不只在于护理 教育;由此可推知,这类医院可以广泛用于其他的用途。 B 4.D 由第一段中的“to keep mice from stealing the drinks and foods that were stored there”可知,它被安排在仓库中,保护饮食免受老鼠的破坏。 5.A 由第三段中的“The organization is trying to end unnecessary pet euthanasia”可 知,该组织希望通过努力来结束动物没有必要的安乐死。 6.C 由倒数第二段中的“She could not get away from the mice”可知,她的田园深 受鼠患所害,故收养两只猫来解决这一问题。 7.C 由最后一段中的“They may kill birds or other wildlife,which is why some environmental activists are against putting homeless cats back into society”可知,这些 猫偶尔会误杀鸟或者其他动植物,故而一些环保主义者反对将流浪猫放回社会。 C 1.E E 项中的“Be adaptable”与上文的“try to find a compromise”相呼应。他认为跟 好几个朋友一起出行时要学会妥协、善于应变,这样可以减少争论的发生。 2.A 由下文的“Before you go,find out about the country’s culture and look up some basic words and useful phrases in the local language”可知,出行前要对目的地国家 的文化和语言有基本的了解,也就是做功课。 3.C 由上下文的“some basic words and useful phrases in the local language”和“say just a few words in their language”可知,作者认为会说一些当地的语言很重要,只要 能说出来,不要担忧口音问题。 4.F F 项中的建议“why not stay with a local family”与文中作者提及他的亲身经 历“We stayed in private homes in different parts of Cuba”相呼应。 5.G 此段作者对比了住在当地人家中和住在旅店的不同。G 项中的“They...take you to places the guidebooks don’t tell you about”和上文提到的“find out much more about your hosts’ culture and way of life”都是作者认为住在当地人家中的好处。