Unit 2 课下能力提升(八)
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．We also advise people to eat a diet containing plenty of fruit and vegetables, to reduce their
intake of animal fat, and of course, ________ their weight under control.
A．keep B．put
C．take D．make
2．—You are always full of ________. Can you tell me the secret?
—Taking plenty of exercise every day.
A．power B．strength
C．force D．energy
3．Do you know how long it was ________ you realized that he was always helping me?
A．since B．that
C．when D．before
4．The school took the students' requirement into consideration that a party ________ be held
to celebrate the victory.
A．could B．might
C．would D．should
5．Before you leave, make sure to keep the boat ________ the tree over there.
A．tied to B．tying to
C．tied on D．tying on
6．It will be a big help if you go to the store and get what we need for dinner. ________， I'll
set the table.
A．As a result B．On the whole
C．In the meanwhile D．As a matter of fact
7．________ the temperature falling so rapidly, we couldn't go on with the experiment.
A．Since B．For
C．As D．With
8 ． With computers becoming more and more popular nowadays, handwritten letters are
gradually ________ emails.
A．taking the way of B．pushing a way through
C．showing way for D．making way for
9．Teenagers shouldn t be ________ from school although they don t do well in studies.
A．replaced B．cheated
C．removed D．ignored
10．________ and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize.
A．Surprising B．Surprised
C．Being surprised D．To be surprising
Ⅱ.完形填空
It's commonly believed that school kids started taking summers off in the 19th century so
they'd have time to work on the farm. Nice as that story is, it isn't __1__. Summer vacation has
little to do with working in the __2__ and more to do with __3__， rich city kids playing hooky
(逃学) and their parents.
Before the Civil War, farm kids __4__ had summers off. They went to school during the
hottest and __5__ months and stayed home during the spring and fall, when crops needed to be
planted and __6__. Meanwhile, city kids hit the books all year long — __7__ included.
But as cities got more crowded, they got hotter, __8__ the “urban heat island effect.” That's
when America's middle and upper class families started __9__ cities and went to the cooler
__10__. And that caused a problem. School __11__ wasn't compulsory back then, and __12__
were being left halfempty each summer.
Lawmakers started arguing that kids should get summers off anyway. It helped that, culturally,
__13__ time was becoming more important. With the dawn of labor unions and the eighthour
workday, working adults were getting more time to themselves. Advocates for vacation time also
__14__ (incorrectly) that the brain was a muscle, and like any muscle, it could suffer injuries if
__15__. From there, they believed that students shouldn't go to school yearround. What is more,
air conditioning was decades away, and city schools during summertime were like __16__.
So by the turn of the century, urban districts had managed to cut about 60 schooldays from
the hottest part of the year. Rural schools soon __17__ the same pattern __18__ they wouldn't fall
behind. Business folks obviously saw a(n) __19__ here. The summer vacation business __20__
ballooned into what is now one of the country's largest billiondollar industries.
1．A.true B．funny
C．bad D．fair
2．A.factories B．schools
C．fields D．teams
3．A.smart B．sweaty
C．strong D．sweet
4．A.always B．never
C．still D．also
5．A.coldest B．longest
C．best D．busiest
6．A.watered B．covered
C．harvested D．cleared
7．A.springs B．summers
C．falls D．winters
8．A.apart from B．in spite of
C．in case of D．thanks to
9．A.loving B．leaving
C．damaging D．forgetting
10．A.countryside B．city
C．mountain D．building
11．A.work B．attendance
C．age D．uniform
12．A.hospitals B．buses
C．classrooms D．halls
13．A.hard B．local
C．opening D．spare
14．A.argued B．doubted
C．decided D．admitted
15．A.broken B．frightened
C．influenced D．overused
16．A.bottles B．boxes
C．drawers D．ovens
17．A.improved B．adopted
C．described D．analyzed
18．A.but B．though
C．so D．unless
19．A.advertisement B．challenge
C．opportunity D．holiday
20．A.soon B．only
C．again D．too
Ⅲ.阅读理解
“I grew up on monkey bars, and I never forget how good it felt to get to the top of them
with other children，” Mr Stern said.“I don't want to see the playground without them.”
His philosophy is shared by some researchers who question the value of safetyfirst
playgrounds.Even if children do suffer fewer physical injuries, researchers say that these
playgrounds may prevent emotional development, leaving children with anxieties and fears that
are worse than a broken bone.
“Children need to meet risks and overcome fears on the playground，”said Ellen Sandseter,
a professor of psychology at Queen Maud University in Norway.“I think monkey bars and tall
slides are great.As playgrounds become more and more boring, these are some of the few facilities
that still can give children exciting experiences with heights and high speed.”
“Climbing equipment needs to be high enough, or else it will be too boring in the long
run，” Dr Sandseter said.“Children approach thrills and risks in a progressive (渐进的) manner,
and very few children would try to climb to the highest point when they climb for the first
time.The best thing is to let children meet these challenges from an early age, and they will then
progressively learn to master them through their play over the years.”
Falls are the common form of playground injury.But these rarely cause longlasting damage,
either physically or emotionally.While some psychologists and many parents have worried that a
child who suffers a bad fall would develop a fear of heights, studies have shown the opposite
pattern: a child who's hurt in a fall before the age of 9 less likely becomes a teenager who has a
fear of heights.
1．What's the point of this passage?
A．Can children easily get hurt on the playground?
B．Do children need to be overprotected at school?
C．Should children keep away from the playground?
D．Should a playground be too safe for children?
2．The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 1 refers to “________”．
A．other children B．monkey bars
C．playgrounds D．parents
3 ． Which of the following statements about safetyfirst playgrounds may Ellen Sandseter
agree to?
A．They are never too safe.
B．They make children safe and happy.
C．They cannot prevent physical injuries.
D．They may prevent the emotional development of children.
4．According to Paragraph 4, by climbing high equipment, children will learn ________.
A．the value of safety
B．how to reduce injuries
C．how to deal with challenges
D．how to work well with others
5．The writer would probably agree that ________.
A．safetyfirst playgrounds are better for the emotional development of children
B．children who have suffered a bad fall may be less likely to develop a fear of heights
C．children usually try to climb to the highest point when they climb monkey bars for the first
time
D．a teenager's fear of heights often results from a fall from monkey bars before nine years
old
课下能力提升(八)
Ⅰ.1.解析：选 A 本题考查短语 keep ... under control，意为“使……处于控制之下”。句
意：我们也建议人们多吃蔬菜和水果，减少动物脂肪的摄入，当然，也得控制体重。
2．解析：选 D 考查名词辨析。energy, strength, force, power 均可表现“力”；但 energy
意为“精力，能量”，尤指人在做某事并为完成该事所表现的生机勃勃的力，多用作不可数
名词；power 主要表示权力、影响力；force 多指暴力、武力和能使物体运动的力；strength
通常指人的力气、长处等。
3．解析：选 D 考查连词。句意：你知道过了多久你才意识到他一直在帮你吗？”句型：
“It be＋一段时间＋before(引导时间状语从句)”，若主句是将来时，从句用一般现在时；若
主句是过去时，从句用一般过去时。故选 D 项。
4．解析：选 D 句意：学校考虑了学生们认为应该举行一个聚会来庆祝胜利的要求。在
requirement 后的同位语从句和表语从句中，谓语用“(should＋)动词原形”。
5．解析：选 A tie ...to a place“把……拴到某个地方”，为习惯搭配；tie 与 boat 之间为
动宾关系，应用过去分词形式表示被动。故选 A 项。
6．解析：选 C 考查介词短语。句意：如果你去商店买一些我们晚饭所需的东西可真是
帮了大忙了，同时我也会摆桌子(准备开饭)。as a result“结果”；on the whole“总的来说”；
in the meanwhile“同时”；as a matter of fact“实际上”。根据句意可知 C 项正确。
7．解析：选 D 考查 with 的复合结构。句意：由于温度下降得很快，我们无法继续做
实验。
8．解析：选 D make way for“给……让路，让位于……”；take the way of“采取……
的方式”；push one's way through“挤出一条路来通过”；show the way for“给某人指路”。根
据句意应选 D。
9．解析：选 C 考查动词辨析。句意：尽管青少年学习不好，也不应该把他们开除。remove
sb.from school “把某人从学校开除”。replace“代替”；cheat“欺骗”；ignore“忽视”。
10．解析：选 B 考查形容词作状语的用法。surprising 多用来描述一件事或某个物品的
性质，排除 A、D 两项；C 项用来指正在发生的动作，与题意不符。B 项用来描述人的心理
状态，为形容词作伴随状语。
Ⅱ.
1．解析：选 A 由下文的“Summer vacation has little to do with working in the ...”可推断，
文章开头的说法是不“真实的(true)”。
2．解析：选 C 由上文的“work on the farm”可知，此处说的是“田地(fields)”。
3．解析：选 B 由第三段中的“But as cities got more crowded, they got hotter”及“went to the
cooler ...”可推断，暑假的由来与“出汗的(sweaty)”富裕的城市孩子们以及他们的家长有关。
4．解析：选 B 由下文的“They went to school during the hottest and ... months”可推断，
在内战前，农村的孩子们夏天“从来不(never)”休息。
5．解析：选 A 由下文的“stayed home during the spring and fall”可推断，农村的孩子们
在最热和“最冷的(coldest)”月份上学。
6．解析：选 C 秋天是收割庄稼的季节，故选 harvested。
7．解析：选 B 本文主要讲暑假的由来，故此处特别强调内战前城市的孩子们“夏季
(summers)”也上学。
8．解析：选 D 城市变拥挤的同时也变得更热，这是“由于(thanks to)”城市热岛效应
的影响。
9．解析：选 B 解析见下题。
10．解析：选 A 城市变热时，美国的中上层家庭开始“离开(leaving)”城市，到比较
凉爽的“乡下(countryside)”去。
11．解析：选 B 由第一段末的“city kids playing hooky”可推断，当时上课“出勤
(attendance)”并不是强制的。
12．解析：选 C 大量学生逃学导致每年夏天“教室(classrooms)”里有一半是空的。
13．解析：选 D 由下文的“working adults were getting more time to themselves”可推断，
“空闲(spare)”时间变得重要起来。
14．解析：选 A 由上文的“Lawmakers started arguing that”及下文假期提倡者们的主张可
知，此处应选 argued。
15．解析：选 D 由下文的“they believed that students shouldn't go to school yearround”
可推断，假期提倡者们认为大脑如果“被过度使用(overused)”会受到伤害。
16．解析：选 D 由上文的“air conditioning was decades away”可推断，夏天的城市学校
就像“烤箱(ovens)”。
17．解析：选 B 由下文的“they wouldn't fall behind”可推断，农村学校很快“采用了
(adopted)”与城市学校相同的模式。
18．解析：选 C 农村学校采用与城市学校相同的模式是为了不落后。故选 so。
19．解析：选 C 由下文的“The summer vacation business ...ballooned into what is now one
of the country's largest billiondollar industries”可推断，商业人士显然从暑假看到了“机会
(opportunity)”。
20．解析：选 A 由上文的“Business folks obviously saw a(n) ...here”可推断，暑假商业“很
快(soon)”增长为国家最大的产业之一。
Ⅲ.
1．解析：选 D 主旨大意题。本文主要讨论运动场是应该完全保证小孩的安全，还是让
他们有机会受些伤，帮助他们更好地成长，故选 D。
2．解析：选 B 代词指代题。第一段主要是讲 Mr Stern 有多喜欢 monkey bars，故可知
这里是指他不希望去没有 monkey bars 的运动场。
3．解析：选 D 推理判断题。根据第三段的第一句可知，Ellen Sandseter 是赞成运动场
有一定的挑战性的，故可推断 Ellen Sandseter 可能会同意 D 项观点。
4．解析：选 C 细节理解题。根据第四段的最后一句可知，爬高可以帮助小孩学会应对
挑战。
5．解析：选 B 作者观点题。根据文章最后一句可知，应选 B。
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