Ⅰ.Read the texts and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F)．
1．The sports that have been removed from the Olympics include baseball and tae kwon
do.( F )
2．It's still possible for wushu to enter into the Olympics in the future.( T )
3．The captain of the Kangaroos was selfish but hardworking.( F )
4．The Eagle's captain actually broke the rules in the match against the Kangaroos.( T )
Ⅱ.Fill in each blank with no more than three words according to the texts.
Topic Entering a sport into the Olympics can be a long process
Requirements that
must be met if a
sport wants to be
(1)accepted into the
Olympics
•Having its own international association
•Being (2)practised/practiced by men in at least 75 countries on at least
four continents or by women in at least 40 countries and on three continents
•Having another sport dropped
Which sports have
been removed
Some familiar sports and more unusual sports have been removed as they
have (3)become_unpopular.
What to
(4)add
Some sports like rugby and golf, which were earlier played at the Olympics
and then dropped, will (5)return_to the Olympics sports list again in 2016.
Which sports are
applying
The IOC is still (6)hesitating/thinking_about whether to give approval to
wushu due to the concern over the balance of sports.
Winning isn't everything
Paragraph
outline Supporting details
In the first
tournament
•The Eagles won the football match against the Kangaroos and
continued in the competition.
•However, they lost their next match in spite of (7)struggle/struggling for
victory. Afterwards, they complained that the referees had not treated them
(8)fairly/equally.
In the next
tournament
•The Kangaroos trained harder than before and (9)defeated the Eagles.
•Although the Kangaroos lost their final match against the Bears, they felt
proud of what they had done.
•In the match, the Kangaroos found friendship, honour and respect, which
is much (10)more_precious/important than victory.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The boy's unusual (异常的) behavior puzzled the doctor.
2．Does the referee (裁判员) have the power to send him off the field?
3．Walking alone in the dark, the boy whistled (吹哨) to keep up his courage.
4．Reference books must not be removed (拿走) from the library.
5．We've budgeted (为……预算) for a new car next year.
6．We cannot afford to waste precious (宝贵的) time.
7．Losing the match was a bitter (令人不快的) disappointment for the team.
8．It'll be several weeks before I get my exam results and I am not sure what to do in the
meanwhile (在此期间)．
9．It's surprising that the football game ended in a tie (平局)．
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
10．unusual adj.特别的，不寻常的；与众不同的→usual adj.平常的，与以往一样的
11．power n．力量；能力；权力→powerful adj.强有力的
12．unfair adj.不公平的→fair(反义词)
[巧记单词]
例词 规律
派生词 un＋usual→unusual un为表示否定或相反意义的
前缀
power＋ful→powerful n.＋ful→adj.
Ⅲ.补全短语
1．at least 至少
2．keep ... under control 控制住，使……处于控制之下
3．make way for 给……让路，让位于……
4．be connected with 与……有关
5．hope for 希望，期待
6．keep a close watch on 密切注意
7．by accident 偶然地
1 ． [ 教 材 原 句 ]There are many requirements that must be met before a sport can be
considered by the International Olympic Committee (IOC)．
必须满足很多条件后，国际奥委会方可考虑这个运动项目进入奥运会的事。
[句型点拨]before 引导时间状语从句。
[佳句赏析]I think you should consider it a bit more before you make a decision.
依我看你应该多考虑一下再做决定。
2．[教材原句]However, with the referees now keeping a close watch on the Eagles, they
struggled and lost their next match.
然而，由于裁判员密切注意着鹰队，他们奋战后还是输了接下来的比赛。
[句型点拨]with 复合结构。
[佳句赏析]The day was bright, with a fresh breeze blowing.
天气晴朗，吹着一股清风。
3 ． [ 教 材 原 句 ]The Eagles went home angry and bitter because they did not win the
tournament.
鹰队在锦标赛上铩羽而归，既恼火又愤愤不平。
[句型点拨]形容词(短语)作状语。
[佳句赏析]Excited and overjoyed, the children rushed to the front.
孩子们激动又欣喜地跑到了前面。
[课 文 对 译]
How does a sport enter the Olympics?
Entering a sport into the Olympics can be a long process. There are many requirements that
must be met before a sport can be considered by the International Olympic Committee (IOC). First,
a sport must have its own international association. Next, it must be practised by men in at least 75
countries on at least four continents, or practised by women in at least 40 countries and on three
continents. That's not all. In order for a new sport to be added, another sport must be dropped. This
helps the IOC keep the Olympics' budget under control.
Which ones are out?
Some sports that were part of the Olympics in the past have been removed. These include
familiar sports, such as baseball, as well as more unusual sports, such as power boating. These
sports were judged to have become less popular, and had to make way for new sports which are
more popular.
Which ones are in?
Some sports have been added, such as tae kwon do, which was first included in the Olympics
in 2000. The IOC is planning to change some of the sports in the next few years. In 2016, rugby
and golf, which were earlier played at the Olympics and then dropped, will be included again, as
they are now very popular and are played all around the world.
Which ones are still trying?
Wushu is still applying to get into the Olympics. The IOC has still not approved the sport due
to the concern about the balance of sports — there are already many other sports in the Olympics
that are connected with fighting, such as tae kwon do and boxing. However, the IOC is
considering changing the number and type of Olympic sports in the future, so wushu fans may
finally get what they are hoping for.
Winning isn't everything
It was near the end of the football match, and neither team had scored. The captain of the
Eagles passed the ball to a teammate, and then ran down near the Kangaroos' goal. His teammate
passed the ball back to him, but the shot was too high. The Eagles' captain knocked the ball to the
ground with his hand, and then kicked it and scored. The referee blew the whistle; the match was
over and the Eagles had won. Of course, the goal should not have counted. However, now it was
too late.
Later, a reporter asked the Eagles' captain what had happened.
‘We won, and that is all that matters，’ the captain said.
The Kangaroos were out of the tournament, while the Eagles continued on. However, with
the referees now keeping a close watch on the Eagles, they struggled and lost their next match.
Afterwards, they complained that the referees had been unfair.
The Eagles went home angry and bitter because they did not win the tournament. Meanwhile,
the Kangaroos went home and trained harder than before.
In the next tournament, the Kangaroos defeated the Eagles by a score of 5 to 1. They went on
to the final match against the Bears. The match was tied with minutes to go. The Kangaroos'
captain was near the Bears' goal. A teammate passed the ball to him, and by accident it hit his hand.
The Kangaroos' captain stopped the match and let the Bears have the ball. Within minutes, the
Bears scored and won.
Later, a reporter asked the Kangaroos' captain what had happened.
‘They won，’ the captain said. ‘They were the better team.’
The Kangaroos went home proud that they had done their best. Many of the Kangaroos'
players became friends with the players on the Bears' team for the rest of their lives. In defeat, the
Kangaroos found something more precious than victory — they found friendship, honour and
respect.,
运动项目怎样才能进入奥运会？
一个运动项目进入奥运会是一个漫长的过程。它必须满足很多条件后，国际奥委会方可
考虑它。首先，该运动项目必须有自己的国际联合会。其次，必须有至少 4 个洲 75 个国家
的男子从事这项运动，或者必须有至少 3 个洲 40 个国家的女子从事这项运动。还不止这些。
为了增加一个新运动项目，必须要淘汰一个当前的运动项目。这种做法有助于国际奥委会控
制奥运会的预算。
哪些运动项目被淘汰了？
有些在过去是奥运会的比赛项目，如今已被淘汰了。这些既包括人们熟悉的运动项目，
如棒球，还有一些不那么常见的运动项目，如汽艇。这些运动项目被认为不及以前流行了，
必须让位于新的、更为流行的运动项目。
哪些运动项目入选了？
有些运动项目已经得以补充(进入奥运会)，比如跆拳道，该项目是 2000 年才首次进入
奥运会的。国际奥委会正计划在未来若干年内调整部分比赛项目。2016 年以前奥运会举行
过后来又放弃的橄榄球和高尔夫球会再度入选，因为这些项目目前非常受欢迎，全世界范围
内都有人从事这些运动。
哪些运动项目仍在争取？
武术仍在争取进入奥运会。国际奥委会目前还没有批准该项目，因为国际奥委会希望能
够维持比赛项目的平衡，奥运会中已经有很多其他的武术类项目，如跆拳道和拳击。然而，
国际奥委会正在考虑修改未来奥运会运动项目的数量和类别，所以武术迷们或许最终还是能
够如愿以偿。
赢并不是一切
足球比赛已经接近尾声，但是两支球队都还没有进球。鹰队的队长把球传给一名队员，
然后跑近袋鼠队的球门前。他的队友把球回传给他，但踢得太高了。鹰队队长用手把球拨回
地面，然后踢球，球进了。裁判吹响了哨子，比赛结束，鹰队获胜。当然，那个进球本该不
算数的，但现在一切都太晚了。
后来，一名记者就所发生的事采访了鹰队队长。
“我们赢了，这是最重要的。”队长说。
袋鼠队被淘汰出局，而鹰队晋级。然而，由于裁判员密切注意着鹰队，他们奋战后还是
输了接下来的比赛。后来，他们抱怨裁判不公平。
鹰队在联赛上铩羽而归，既恼火又愤愤不平。与此同时，袋鼠队也回家了，他们比以前
训练得更加刻苦。
在接下来的联赛中，袋鼠队以 5 比 1 的比分击败了鹰队。他们一路杀进决赛，对手是熊
队。离比赛结束还有几分钟的时间，还是平局。袋鼠队队长靠近熊队大门。一名队员把球传
给他，球意外地撞到了他的手，袋鼠队队长示意暂停比赛，让熊队开球。数分钟之内，熊队
进球，赢得比赛。
后来，一位记者就所发生的事采访了袋鼠队队长。
“他们赢了，”队长说，“他们是一支更优秀的队伍。”
袋鼠队骄傲地回到家乡，因为他们已经竭尽全力。许多袋鼠队的球员和熊队的球员成了
终生好友。袋鼠队虽然失败了，但他们找到了比胜利更宝贵的东西——友谊、荣誉和尊重。
1．requirement n．要求；必需品；必要条件
(1)meet/satisfy sb.'s requirements
满足某人的要求
(2)require v. 要求， 需要
require sb.to do sth. 要求某人做某事
require sth. of sb. 向某人要求某物
require that ... 要求……
①I'm sorry I can't meet/satisfy your requirements.
抱歉我无法满足你的要求。
②People are required to obey social rules.
人们被要求遵守社会准则。
③The school requires that students (should)_attend (attend) at least 90% of the lectures.
学校要求学生听课率至少达到 90%。
[名师点津] require 后的 that 从句中以及 requirement 后的同位语从句和表语从句中用
虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should 可以省略。
④His only requirement is that the working conditions (should)_be_improved.
他唯一的要求是工作条件要提高(改善)。
2．(教材 P38)This helps the IOC keep the Olympics' budget under control.
这种做法有助于奥委会控制奥运会的预算。
keep ... under control 控制住，使……处于控制之下
①The government should keep the development of industry under control.
政府应该控制工业的发展。
bring/get ... under control(＝keep ... under control)使……处于控制之下
under control 被控制住，处于控制之下
in control of 控制……；管理……
beyond control 无法控制
take control of 控制
out of control 失去控制，无法控制
lose control of 失去对……的控制
②The children are completely out of control since their father left.
这些孩子自从他们的父亲离开后就无法无天了。
③Students are encouraged to take_control_of their own learning, rather than just depending
on the teachers.
学生要自我控制好自己的学习，不要仅仅依赖于老师。
[名师点津] control 前有无冠词意思不同。in control of“管理，控制”； in the control
of“被……控制”。
④The police have been in control of the present situation.
＝The present situation has been in_the_control_of the police.
警方已经控制了目前的局面。
3．(教材 P38)Some sports that were part of the Olympics in the past have been removed.
有些在过去是奥运会的比赛项目，如今已被淘汰了。
remove vt.去除，移开；开除，免除，解除(职务)
remove ... to ... 把……移到……
remove ... from ... 从……把……移开，从……把……除去
be removed from 从……被去掉，从……被开除、免职
①Students removed several desks to another classroom.
学生们把几张书桌搬到另外一间教室。
②Please remove your bag from the seat so that I can sit down.
请把你的包从座位上拿走，那样我就可以坐下。
③The player was removed from the team.
那名球员被开除了。
4．(教材 P38)These include familiar sports, such as baseball, as well as more unusual sports,
such as power boating.
这些既包括人们熟悉的运动项目，如棒球，又有一些不那么常见的运动项目，如汽艇。
power n．力量，能量；影响力，权力；统治 vt.驱动，提供动力
①Power invariably means both responsibility and danger.(Theodore Roosevelt, American
president)
实力永远意味着责任和危险。(美国总统 罗斯福．T.)
in power 在执政，在掌权
in/within one's power
为某人力所能及，在某人能力范围之内
out of/beyond one's power
超出某人的能力范围
come into/to power 上台执政；掌权
②The party has been in power for eight years.
该党派已执政八年。
③I'll do anything within/in_my_power to support you both financially and mentally.
我将在自己能力范围内给你财政和精神上的支持。
④The new government will come to power next month.
新政府将在下月开始执政。
[辨析比较]
power 指政权、权力，还可泛指做某事的能力，也可指物理学中的动力、功率
energy 指人的精力、活力和物理学中的能、能量、能源
strength 强调一个人所具有的力量、力气
force
指为克服阻力使事物运动而实际发出或施加的力量，即物理学中的力；也可指兵
力、势力、武力、影响力、效力
选择上述单词填空
①Matters of this kind should be solved in a peaceful way instead of by means of force.
②When the new president comes into power,_he carries out a series of workable and
favorable policies.
③He is a man full of energy and he can do as much work as three men do.
④All the passengers pushed the bus with all their strength,_but it refused to move.
5．(教材 P38)These sports were judged to have become less popular, and had to make way
for new sports which are more popular.
这些运动项目被认为不及以前流行了，必须让位于新的、更为流行的运动项目。
make way for 给……让路，让位于……
①All traffic has to make way for the ambulance.
所有来往车辆都必须为救护车让路。
give way to ... 让路；让步；被……代替
lose one's way 迷路
make one's way (to/towards sp.)
前往；到……地方去
feel one's way (黑暗中)摸索着走；谨慎行事
find one's way (to ... ) 设法到达
fight one's way 打出一条路
②He managed to find his way to the airport, but was late for the flight.
他设法找到了去机场的路，但迟到了，没赶上飞机。
③He tried to fight_his_way through the crowd to buy Christmas gifts.
他努力在人群中挤出一条路来买圣诞礼物。
6．(教材 P39)Meanwhile, the Kangaroos went home and trained harder than before.
与此同时，袋鼠队回家了，他们比以前训练得更加刻苦。
meanwhile adv.与此同时；在此期间
①She's due to arrive on Thursday.Meanwhile, what do we do?
她预定星期四到达，这期间我们做什么呢？
meanwhile＝at the same time 同时
in the meanwhile＝in the meantime 同时，在此期间
②In the meanwhile, I'll visit an old friend of mine.
在此期间，我将去拜访我的一位老朋友。
③Father was cutting the grass, and in_the_meantime ( ＝ in_the_meanwhile) Mother was
planting roses.
父亲在剪草，母亲在种玫瑰。
7．(教材 P39)The match was tied with minutes to go.
离比赛结束还有几分钟的时间，还是平局。
tie vt.与……打成平手；(用绳、线)系，绑，捆 n．平局；领带；联系
①England tied 2∶2 with Germany in the first round.
在第一轮比赛中英格兰队与德国队打成平局。
②The family tie is stronger than anything else.
血缘关系比什么都坚固。
tie ... to ... 把……拴/绑到……上
tie down 束缚，牵制(某人)
tie up 系牢；拴住
③She didn't want to be tied down by a fulltime job.
她不想被全职工作束缚住。
④I found a man tied_to a telegraph pole.
我发现一个人被绑在电线杆上。
⑤Susan handed him the string so he could tie_up the box.
苏珊把绳子递给他，让他能拴住盒子。
8．There are many requirements that must be met before a sport can be considered by the
International Olympic Committee (IOC)．
必须满足很多条件后，国际奥委会方可考虑这个运动项目进入奥运会的事。
这是一个复合句，that 引导定语从句。其中的 before 引导时间状语从句。before 为连词，
它在句中的译法较灵活。
(1)……才……
①He had walked for a whole day before he found water.
他走了一整天才找到水。
(2)趁……未，以免，以防
②Write down the telephone number before you forget it.
趁你还没忘记，把电话号码写下来。
(3)就；不久……就
常用于句型：It is/was/will be (not)＋一段时间＋before ...
③I had not waited long before he came back.
我没等多久他就回来了。
④It_was_not_long_before he left for the US.
不久他就去美国了。
(4)在……之前
⑤He had learned some Japanese before he went to Japan.
在去日本前，他学过一些日语。
(5)还没来得及……就……
⑥Before I could think of a reply, she walked away.
我还没来得及想出如何回答，她就走开了。
9．However, with the referees now keeping a close watch on the Eagles, they struggled and
lost their next match.
然而，由于裁判员密切注意着鹰队，他们奋战后还是输了接下来的比赛。
本句中 with the referees now keeping a close watch on the Eagles 为 with 复合结构，the
referees 为宾语，其后的部分为宾补。
with 复合结构可以作状语表示伴随情况、时间、原因、方式等，也可作定语。其构成有
下列几种情况：
with＋名词/
代词＋
形容词/副词/介词短语
不定式表示动作将要发生
现在分词表示主动和动作正在进行
过去分词表示被动和动作已完成
①He stared at his friend with his mouth wide open.
他盯着他的朋友，嘴巴还大张着。
②She stood at the door, with her back towards us.
她站在门口，背对着我们。
③Sometimes many people spoke at the same time, with nobody stopping them.
有时许多人同时发言，没有人阻止他们。
④I sat in my room for a few minutes with_my_eyes_fixed on the ceiling.
我坐在房间里待了一会儿，眼睛盯着天花板。
⑤With some books to_buy,_I went to the bookshop.
由于要买一些书，我去了书店。
10．The Eagles went home angry and bitter because they did not win the tournament.
鹰队在锦标赛上铩羽而归，既恼火又愤愤不平。
句中形容词短语 angry and bitter 作状语，说明主语 the Eagles 的心理状态。
形容词(短语)作状语的情况说明：
①Much interested, he agreed to give it a try.
由于很感兴趣，他同意试一试。
②Afraid_of_difficulties,_they prefer to give it up.
由于害怕困难，他们宁愿放弃。
③He spent 7 days in the wind and snow, cold and hungry.
他们在风雪中度过了 7 天，又冷又饿。
④She was lying in bed, awake.
她躺在床上，没睡。
⑤We arrived home very late, safe_and_sound.
我们回家很晚，安然无恙。
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．It's such a pity that those fine old houses had to be pulled down to ________ the new road.
A．make way to B．make the way for
C．make way for D．make the room for
解析：选 C 句意：真遗憾，不得不拆毁那些还不错的老房子以给新道路让路。make way
for ...“给……让路”；make way to ...“朝……走去”；make the room for ...“给……腾出
地方”。
2．Your desk is crowded with too many unnecessary things.You'd better ________ some of
them to other places.
A．remain B．remove
C．design D．renew
解析：选 B 考查动词辨析。句意：你的课桌上放满了太多无用的东西。你得拿走一些。
remain“保留”；remove“拿开，去掉”；design“设计”；renew“重新开始”。
3 ． The murderer stood before the policeman, with his hands ________ on his back,
trembling.
A．tie B．tied
C．tying D．to tie
解析：选 B 考查 with 复合结构作状语。hand 与 tie 之间存在被动关系，故用过去分
词。
4．The government should take some measures to protect our environment. ________， the
public also should do something to help.
A．Meanwhile B．Anyhow
C．However D．Immediately
解析：选 A 考查副词词义辨析。句意：政府应采取措施保护环境。与此同时，公众也
应该给予一些帮助。meanwhile“在此期间，同时”，符合语境。anyhow“无论如何，不管
怎样”；however “然而”；immediately“立即，马上”。
5．He refused our requirement that we ________ more hands.
A．gave B．be given
C．were be given D．giving
解析：选 B 考查名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法。句意：他拒绝了给我们增加人手的要
求。requirement 后的同位语从句和表语从句中，谓语用“(should＋)动词原形”。
6．The people began to break the windows, but the police soon kept the situation ________.
A．under way B．under control
C．under review D．under consideration
解析：选 B 句意：人们开始砸窗子，但是警察很快控制住了局势。under way“在进
行 中 ” ； (keep ...) under control“ 控 制 住 ” ； under review“ 在 审 议 中 ” ； under
consideration“在考虑中”。
7．The ship was helpless against the ________ of the storm.
A．strength B．power
C．energy D．force
解析：选 B 考查名词辨析。句意：那艘船只能任凭强大的暴风雨肆虐。strength“力
气”；power“力量，能量”；energy“精力”；force“武力”。故 B 项符合句意。
8．After the long journey, the five of us went back home, ________.
A．hungry and tiredly B．hungry and tired
C．hungrily and tiredly D．hungrily and tired
解析：选 B 考查形容词短语作状语。句意：经过长时间旅行之后，我们五个回到了家，
又饿又累。形容词短语作状语，说明主语的状态。
9．A dozen ideas were considered ________ the chief architect decided on the design of the
building.
A．because B．before
C．whether D．unless
解析：选 B 句意：在考虑了很多构想之后，总建筑师才确定了这座楼的设计方案。
before 引导时间状语从句，意为 “……(之后)才……”。
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．The thief hid himself in the corner, afraid_of_being_caught (担心被抓住)．
2．It will be a while before_you_know_the_results (你们才知道结果)．
3．I had always believed such an achievement was beyond_my_power (超出我的能力)．
4．You should make_way_for (给……让路) an ambulance when you are driving.
5．Too_nervous_to_reply (由于紧张回答不上来), he stared at the floor.
Ⅲ.语境翻译
当新学期开始的时候，学生会很忙。在校门口，很多小汽车和公交车会给他们让路(make
way for)。交警们必须控制交通(keep ... under control)。与此同时(meanwhile)，学校的小商店
会很拥挤，因为学生们必须买生活必需品(requirements)。
When the new term begins, students are very busy. At the school gate, many cars and buses
will make way for the students. The traffic police will have to keep the traffic under control.
Meanwhile, the shops in their school will be crowded because students have to buy requirements
for themselves.
[对应学生课下能力提升(八)]
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．We also advise people to eat a diet containing plenty of fruit and vegetables, to reduce their
intake of animal fat, and of course, ________ their weight under control.
A．keep B．put
C．take D．make
解析：选 A 本题考查短语 keep ... under control，意为“使……处于控制之下”。句意：
我们也建议人们多吃蔬菜和水果，减少动物脂肪的摄入，当然，也得控制体重。
2．—You are always full of ________. Can you tell me the secret?
—Taking plenty of exercise every day.
A．power B．strength
C．force D．energy
解析：选 D 考查名词辨析。energy, strength, force, power 均可表现“力”；但 energy
意为“精力，能量”，尤指人在做某事并为完成该事所表现的生机勃勃的力，多用作不可数
名词；power 主要表示权力、影响力；force 多指暴力、武力和能使物体运动的力；strength
通常指人的力气、长处等。
3．Do you know how long it was ________ you realized that he was always helping me?
A．since B．that
C．when D．before
解析：选 D 考查连词。句意：你知道过了多久你才意识到他一直在帮你吗？”句型：
“It be＋一段时间＋before(引导时间状语从句)”，若主句是将来时，从句用一般现在时；若
主句是过去时，从句用一般过去时。故选 D 项。
4．The school took the students' requirement into consideration that a party ________ be held
to celebrate the victory.
A．could B．might
C．would D．should
解析：选 D 句意：学校考虑了学生们认为应该举行一个聚会来庆祝胜利的要求。在
requirement 后的同位语从句和表语从句中，谓语用“(should＋)动词原形”。
5．Before you leave, make sure to keep the boat ________ the tree over there.
A．tied to B．tying to
C．tied on D．tying on
解析：选 A tie ...to a place“把……拴到某个地方”，为习惯搭配；tie 与 boat 之间为
动宾关系，应用过去分词形式表示被动。故选 A 项。
6．It will be a big help if you go to the store and get what we need for dinner. ________， I'll
set the table.
A．As a result B．On the whole
C．In the meanwhile D．As a matter of fact
解析：选 C 考查介词短语。句意：如果你去商店买一些我们晚饭所需的东西可真是帮
了大忙了，同时我也会摆桌子(准备开饭)。as a result“结果”；on the whole“总的来说”；
in the meanwhile“同时”；as a matter of fact“实际上”。根据句意可知 C 项正确。
7．________ the temperature falling so rapidly, we couldn't go on with the experiment.
A．Since B．For
C．As D．With
解析：选 D 考查 with 的复合结构。句意：由于温度下降得很快，我们无法继续做实
验。
8 ． With computers becoming more and more popular nowadays, handwritten letters are
gradually ________ emails.
A．taking the way of B．pushing a way through
C．showing way for D．making way for
解析：选 D make way for“给……让路，让位于……”；take the way of“采取……的
方式”；push one's way through“挤出一条路来通过”；show the way for“给某人指路”。
根据句意应选 D。
9．Teenagers shouldn t be ________ from school although they don t do well in studies.
A．replaced B．cheated
C．removed D．ignored
解析：选 C 考查动词辨析。句意：尽管青少年学习不好，也不应该把他们开除。remove
sb.from school “把某人从学校开除”。replace“代替”；cheat“欺骗”；ignore“忽视”。
10．________ and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize.
A．Surprising B．Surprised
C．Being surprised D．To be surprising
解析：选 B 考查形容词作状语的用法。surprising 多用来描述一件事或某个物品的性
质，排除 A、D 两项；C 项用来指正在发生的动作，与题意不符。B 项用来描述人的心理状
态，为形容词作伴随状语。
Ⅱ.完形填空
It's commonly believed that school kids started taking summers off in the 19th century so
they'd have time to work on the farm. Nice as that story is, it isn't __1__. Summer vacation has
little to do with working in the __2__ and more to do with __3__， rich city kids playing hooky
(逃学) and their parents.
Before the Civil War, farm kids __4__ had summers off. They went to school during the
hottest and __5__ months and stayed home during the spring and fall, when crops needed to be
planted and __6__. Meanwhile, city kids hit the books all year long — __7__ included.
But as cities got more crowded, they got hotter, __8__ the “urban heat island effect.” That's
when America's middle and upper class families started __9__ cities and went to the cooler
__10__. And that caused a problem. School __11__ wasn't compulsory back then, and __12__
were being left halfempty each summer.
Lawmakers started arguing that kids should get summers off anyway. It helped that, culturally,
__13__ time was becoming more important. With the dawn of labor unions and the eighthour
workday, working adults were getting more time to themselves. Advocates for vacation time also
__14__ (incorrectly) that the brain was a muscle, and like any muscle, it could suffer injuries if
__15__. From there, they believed that students shouldn't go to school yearround. What is more,
air conditioning was decades away, and city schools during summertime were like __16__.
So by the turn of the century, urban districts had managed to cut about 60 schooldays from
the hottest part of the year. Rural schools soon __17__ the same pattern __18__ they wouldn't fall
behind. Business folks obviously saw a(n) __19__ here. The summer vacation business __20__
ballooned into what is now one of the country's largest billiondollar industries.
语篇解读：本文是说明文。文章介绍了学生暑假的由来。
1．A.true B．funny
C．bad D．fair
解析：选 A 由下文的“Summer vacation has little to do with working in the ...”可推断，文
章开头的说法是不“真实的(true)”。
2．A.factories B．schools
C．fields D．teams
解析：选 C 由上文的“work on the farm”可知，此处说的是“田地(fields)”。
3．A.smart B．sweaty
C．strong D．sweet
解析：选 B 由第三段中的“But as cities got more crowded, they got hotter”及“went to the
cooler ...”可推断，暑假的由来与“出汗的(sweaty)”富裕的城市孩子们以及他们的家长有关。
4．A.always B．never
C．still D．also
解析：选 B 由下文的“They went to school during the hottest and ... months”可推断，在
内战前，农村的孩子们夏天“从来不(never)”休息。
5．A.coldest B．longest
C．best D．busiest
解析：选 A 由下文的“stayed home during the spring and fall”可推断，农村的孩子们在
最热和“最冷的(coldest)”月份上学。
6．A.watered B．covered
C．harvested D．cleared
解析：选 C 秋天是收割庄稼的季节，故选 harvested。
7．A.springs B．summers
C．falls D．winters
解析：选 B 本文主要讲暑假的由来，故此处特别强调内战前城市的孩子们“夏季
(summers)”也上学。
8．A.apart from B．in spite of
C．in case of D．thanks to
解析：选 D 城市变拥挤的同时也变得更热，这是“由于(thanks to)”城市热岛效应的
影响。
9．A.loving B．leaving
C．damaging D．forgetting
解析：选 B 解析见下题。
10．A.countryside B．city
C．mountain D．building
解析：选 A 城市变热时，美国的中上层家庭开始“离开(leaving)”城市，到比较凉爽
的“乡下(countryside)”去。
11．A.work B．attendance
C．age D．uniform
解 析 ： 选 B 由 第 一 段 末 的 “city kids playing hooky” 可 推 断 ， 当 时 上 课 “ 出 勤
(attendance)”并不是强制的。
12．A.hospitals B．buses
C．classrooms D．halls
解析：选 C 大量学生逃学导致每年夏天“教室(classrooms)”里有一半是空的。
13．A.hard B．local
C．opening D．spare
解析：选 D 由下文的“working adults were getting more time to themselves”可推断，“空
闲(spare)”时间变得重要起来。
14．A.argued B．doubted
C．decided D．admitted
解析：选 A 由上文的“Lawmakers started arguing that”及下文假期提倡者们的主张可知，
此处应选 argued。
15．A.broken B．frightened
C．influenced D．overused
解析：选 D 由下文的“they believed that students shouldn't go to school yearround”可
推断，假期提倡者们认为大脑如果“被过度使用(overused)”会受到伤害。
16．A.bottles B．boxes
C．drawers D．ovens
解析：选 D 由上文的“air conditioning was decades away”可推断，夏天的城市学校就像
“烤箱(ovens)”。
17．A.improved B．adopted
C．described D．analyzed
解析：选 B 由下文的“they wouldn't fall behind”可推断，农村学校很快“采用了
(adopted)”与城市学校相同的模式。
18．A.but B．though
C．so D．unless
解析：选 C 农村学校采用与城市学校相同的模式是为了不落后。故选 so。
19．A.advertisement B．challenge
C．opportunity D．holiday
解析：选 C 由下文的“The summer vacation business ...ballooned into what is now one of
the country's largest billiondollar industries”可推断，商业人士显然从暑假看到了“机会
(opportunity)”
20．A.soon B．only
C．again D．too
解析：选 A 由上文的“Business folks obviously saw a(n) ...here”可推断，暑假商业“很
快(soon)”增长为国家最大的产业之一。
Ⅲ.阅读理解
“I grew up on monkey bars, and I never forget how good it felt to get to the top of them
with other children，” Mr Stern said.“I don't want to see the playground without them.”
His philosophy is shared by some researchers who question the value of safetyfirst
playgrounds.Even if children do suffer fewer physical injuries, researchers say that these
playgrounds may prevent emotional development, leaving children with anxieties and fears that
are worse than a broken bone.
“Children need to meet risks and overcome fears on the playground，” said Ellen Sandseter,
a professor of psychology at Queen Maud University in Norway.“I think monkey bars and tall
slides are great.As playgrounds become more and more boring, these are some of the few facilities
that still can give children exciting experiences with heights and high speed.”
“Climbing equipment needs to be high enough, or else it will be too boring in the long
run，” Dr Sandseter said.“Children approach thrills and risks in a progressive (渐进的) manner,
and very few children would try to climb to the highest point when they climb for the first
time.The best thing is to let children meet these challenges from an early age, and they will then
progressively learn to master them through their play over the years.”
Falls are the common form of playground injury.But these rarely cause longlasting damage,
either physically or emotionally.While some psychologists and many parents have worried that a
child who suffers a bad fall would develop a fear of heights, studies have shown the opposite
pattern: a child who's hurt in a fall before the age of 9 less likely becomes a teenager who has a
fear of heights.
1．What's the point of this passage?
A．Can children easily get hurt on the playground?
B．Do children need to be overprotected at school?
C．Should children keep away from the playground?
D．Should a playground be too safe for children?
解析：选 D 主旨大意题。本文主要讨论运动场是应该完全保证小孩的安全，还是让他
们有机会受些伤，帮助他们更好地成长，故选 D。
2．The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 1 refers to “________”．
A．other children B．monkey bars
C．playgrounds D．parents
解析：选 B 代词指代题。第一段主要是讲 Mr Stern 有多喜欢 monkey bars，故可知这
里是指他不希望去没有 monkey bars 的运动场。
3．Which of the following statements about safetyfirst playgrounds may Ellen Sandseter
agree to?
A．They are never too safe.
B．They make children safe and happy.
C．They cannot prevent physical injuries.
D．They may prevent the emotional development of children.
解析：选 D 推理判断题。根据第三段的第一句可知，Ellen Sandseter 是赞成运动场有
一定的挑战性的，故可推断 Ellen Sandseter 可能会同意 D 项观点。
4．According to Paragraph 4, by climbing high equipment, children will learn ________.
A．the value of safety
B．how to reduce injuries
C．how to deal with challenges
D．how to work well with others
解析：选 C 细节理解题。根据第四段的最后一句可知，爬高可以帮助小孩学会应对挑
战。
5．The writer would probably agree that ________.
A．safetyfirst playgrounds are better for the emotional development of children
B．children who have suffered a bad fall may be less likely to develop a fear of heights
C．children usually try to climb to the highest point when they climb monkey bars for the first
time
D．a teenager's fear of heights often results from a fall from monkey bars before nine years
old
解析：选 B 作者观点题。根据文章最后一句可知，应选 B。
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