第1章 主谓一致(高考复习资料)
加入VIP免费下载

第1章 主谓一致(高考复习资料)

ID:298646

大小:18.71 KB

页数:7页

时间:2020-12-23

加入VIP免费下载
温馨提示:
1. 部分包含数学公式或PPT动画的文件,查看预览时可能会显示错乱或异常,文件下载后无此问题,请放心下载。
2. 本文档由用户上传,版权归属用户,天天资源网负责整理代发布。如果您对本文档版权有争议请及时联系客服。
3. 下载前请仔细阅读文档内容,确认文档内容符合您的需求后进行下载,若出现内容与标题不符可向本站投诉处理。
4. 下载文档时可能由于网络波动等原因无法下载或下载错误,付费完成后未能成功下载的用户请联系客服处理。
网站客服:403074932
资料简介
第1章  主谓一致 一.概念: 主谓一致是指: 1) 语法形式上要一致,即单复数形式与谓语要一致。 2) 意义上要一致,即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。 3) 就近原则,即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语,     一般来说,不可数名词用动词单数,可数名词复数用动词复数。例如:      There is much water in the thermos.     但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时,谓语动词用复数形式。例如:      Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year. 二.相关知识点精讲 1.并列结构作主语时谓语用复数,例如:    Reading and writing are very important. 读写很重要。    注意:当主语由and连结时,如果它表示一个单一的概念,即指同一人或同一物时,谓语动词用单数,and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。例如:    The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. 钢铁工业对我们的生活有重要意义。 典型例题    The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting. A. is  B. was  C. are  D. were 答案B. 注: 先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时,先排除A.,C。本题易误选D,因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人,但仔细辨别,monitor 前没有the,在英语中,当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。后面的职务用and 相连。这样本题主语为一个人,所以应选B。 2. 主谓一致中的靠近原则 1)当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时,谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。例如:  There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. 桌上有一支笔、一把小刀和几本书。  There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.班上有二十个男孩,二十三个女孩。 2)当either… or… 与neither… nor,连接两个主语时,谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。如果句子是由here, there引导,而主语又不止一个时,谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。例如:  Either you or she is to go. 不是你去,就是她去。  Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you. 给你笔、信封和纸。 3.谓语动词与前面的主语一致 当主语有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词组成的短语时,谓语动词与前面的主语部分一致。例如:    The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory. 教师和一些学生在参观工厂。    He as well as I wants to go boating.他和我想去划船。 4. 谓语需用单数的情况 1)代词each以及由every, some, no, any等构成的复合代词作主语时,或主语中含有each, every时, 谓语需用单数。例如:     Each of us has a tape-recorder. 我们每人都有录音机。     There is something wrong with my watch. 我的表坏了。 2)当主语是一本书或一条格言时,谓语动词常用单数。例如:     The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English. 《天方夜谭》是英语爱好者熟悉的一本书。  3)表示金钱,时间,价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语时,通常把这些名词看作一个整体,谓语一般用单数。例如:   Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations. 用三个星期来做准备。     Ten yuan is enough. 十元够了。 5.指代意义决定谓语的单复数 1)代词what, which, who, none, some, any, more, most, all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。例如: All is right. 一切顺利。 All are present. 人都到齐了。 2)集体名词作主语时,谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。如family, audience, crew, crowd, class, company, committee等词后,谓语动词用复数形式时强调这个集体中的各个成员,用单数时强调该集体的整体。例如:    His family isn't very large. 他家成员不多。    His family are music lovers. 他家个个都是音乐爱好者。     但集合名词people, police, cattle, poultry等在任何情况下都用复数形式。例如:    Are there any police around? 附近有警察吗? 3)有些名词,如variety, number, population, proportion, majority 等有时看作单数,有时看作复数。例如:     A number of +名词复数+复数动词。     The number of +名词复数+单数动词。     A number of books have lent out.     The majority of the students like English. 6.与后接名词或代词保持一致的情况 1)用half of, most of, none of, heaps of, lots of, plenty of 等引起主语时,谓语动词通常与of后面的名词/代词保持一致。例如:     Most of his money is spent on books. 他大部分的钱化在书上了。 Most of the students are taking an active part in sports. 大部分学生积极参与体育运动。 2)用a portion of, a series of, a pile of, a panel of 等引起主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。例如: A series of accidents has been reported. 媒体报道了一连串的事故。 A pile of lots was set beside the hearth. 炉边有一堆木柴。 3)如 many a 或 more than one 所修饰的短语作主语时,谓语动词多用单数形式。但由more than… of 作主语时,动词应与其后的名词或代词保持一致。例如:     Many a person has read the novel. 许多人读过这本书。     More than 60 percent of the students are from the city.百分之六十多的学生来自这个城市。 三.巩固练习 (    ) 1. The number of people invited  ______  fifty, but a number of them  _______  absent for different reasons.     A. were,  was                       B. was, was     C. was,  were                       D. were, were (   ) 2. E-mail, as well as telephones,  ________ an important part in daily communication.     A. is playing                        B. have played     C. are playing                       D. play (    ) 3. ______  of the land in that district  ______  covered with trees and grass.     A. Two fifth,  is                     B. Two fifth,  are     C. Two fifths,  is                    D. Two fifths,  are (   ) 4.  Ten minutes  ______  a long time for one who waits.     A. seem                           B. seems     C. seemed                         D. are seemed (   ) 5. Eric is the only one of the boys who  _____  a driving license.     A. has                              B. have     C. is having                         D. are having’ (    ) 6. Joy and Sorrow  _____  next-door neighbours.     A. is              B. are          C. were         D. be (    )7. In my opinion, some of the news  _____  unbelievable.     A. are              B. is           C. has been      D. have been (    )8. When  ______  the United Nations founded?     A. is               B. are           C. was          D. were (    )9. Every possible means  _____  .     A. has tried                           B. has been tried     C. was tried                           D. were tried (    ) 10. What she says and does  _____  nothing to do with me.     A. was                  B. were        C. has         D. have (    )11. There  _____  a dictionary and several books on the desk.     A. are                   B. must         C. have been   D. is (    )12. Nobody  ______  seen the film.  It’s a pity.     A. but Tom and Jack have                   B. except Tom and Jack have     C. but my friends has                       D. but I have (    )13. No teacher and no student  ______.     A. are admitted                            B. is admitted     C. are admitting                           D. is admitting (    )14. All but one  ______ here just now.     A. is               B. was                C. has been         D. were (    )15. When and where to build the new factory  _____  yet.     A. is not decided                           B. are not decided     C. has not decided                          D. have not decided (    ) 16. The writer and singer  ______  here. A. is           B. are         C. were         D. do (   ) 17. As I have a meeting at four, ten minutes  _____ all that I can spare to talk with you.         A. are    B. was          C. is           D. were (   ) 18.  In those days John with his classmates  _____  kept busy preparing for the exam.           A. is                   B. are           C. was                 D. were (   ) 19. —— ____  your clothes?        ——No,  mine  _____ hanging over there.         A. Is it, is                    B. Are these, are         C. Is it, are                   D. Are these, is (  ) 20. The Smith’s family, which  ____  rather a large one,  ____ very fond of their old houses.          A. were, were                B. was, was          C. were, was                 D. was, were (  ) 21. What the teacher and the students want to say  _____ that either of the countries  ____ beautiful.         A. are,  are                     B. is, is         C. are, is                        D. is, are (   ) 22. He is the only one of the students who  _____ a winner of scholarship for three years.         A. is                           B. are         C. have been                     D. has been (   ) 23. _____  of my brothers are reporters.  Covering events, meetings, or sports meetings  ______  their duty.          A. Each, are                     B. Both, is          C. Neither, are                   D. None, is (   ) 24. —— What do you think of the ______ of the coat?         —— It’s rather high.  You can buy a cheaper one in that shop.         A. value          B. cost           C. price    D. use (   ) 25. —— Are the two answers correct?         —— No,   ______  correct.         A. no one is                      B. both are not         C. neither is                      D. either is not (   ) 26. The wind, together with rain and fog,  _____  making sailing difficult.         A. have been                     B. was         C. /                             D/ are 四.答案1.C   2.  A   3. C    4. B   5. A   6.  B   7. B    8. C   9. B  10. C   11. D   12. C   13. B   14. D  15. A   16. A  17. C   18. C   19. B   20. D   21. B   22. D   23. B   24. C   25. C   26. B

资料: 29.3万

进入主页

人气:

10000+的老师在这里下载备课资料