Unit 6 Section A 第二课时.ppt

学练优九年级英语（ RJ ） 教学课件 Unit 6 When was it invented? Section A (3a-4c) 学习目标 Key words & phrases: by accident, nearly, ruler, boil, remain, smell, saint, national, take place, doubt, without doubt, fridge, low, somebody, translate, lock, earthquake, sudden, all of a sudden, biscuit, cookie, instrument Key sentences: 1.—When was tea brought to Korea? — It was brought to Korea during the 6th and 7th centuries. Learn some Reading Skills Warming up Let’s enjoy a video. Lead in It’s about the tea culture in China. Lu Yu. 2. Who is the writer of Cha Jing ? 1. What is the video about? Answer the questions according to the video. What’s the most traditional drink in China? Tea has a long history. Tea was first drunk nearly 5, 000 years ago. boiling drinking water leaves It smells pleasant. It tastes delicious and … Pre-reading Who was tea invented by? It was invented by the Chinese ruler called Shen Nong ． Shen Nong How was it invented? boiling water over an open fire fell into …and remained… produced a nice smell tasted the brown water —tea It was invented by accident. Read the passage quickly and match each paragraph with its main idea. Para. 1 Para. 2 Para. 3 Lu Yu and his book Cha Jing How tea spread to other countries How tea was invented by accident 偶然；意外地 While-reading 3a 3. Who is called “the saint of tea”? ___________________________________ Read the passage again and answer the questions. 1. When was tea first drunk? ___________________________________ 2. How was tea invented? ___________________________________ It was first drunk about 5,000 years ago. It was invented by accident. Lu Yu. n. 圣人，圣徒 3b 4. What is Cha Jing about? ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ 5. When was tea brought to other countries? ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ The book describes how tea plants were grown and used to make tea. It also discusses where the finest tea leaves were produced and what kinds of water were used. Tea was brought to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries. It was brought to England at around 1660. Fill in the blanks with the proper forms according to the first paragraph. Tea (after water), the most popular drink in the world ___________ (invent) by accident. It is believed that tea _________ (drink) 5,000 years was invented was drunk Post-reading ago. It ______ (say) that a Chinese ruler ______ (call) Shen Nong was the first _________ (discover) tea as a drink. One day Shen Nong __________ ( boil ) drinking water over an open fire. Some leaves from a tea plant ____ (fall) into the water and is said called to discover was boiling n. 统治者，支配者 v. 煮沸，烧开 fell remained there for some time. It ________ (produce) a nice smell so he ______ (taste) the brown water. It was quite delicious, and so, one of the world’s favorite drinks ____________ (invent). produced was invented tasted v. 保持不变 n. 气味 Fill in the blanks with the proper forms according to the second paragraph. Lu Yu, “the saint of tea”, ____________ (mention) Shen Nong in his book Cha Jing a few thousand years later. The book describes how tea plants ___________ and used to make tea. It also discusses where the finest tea leaves ______________ (produce) and what kinds of water _________ (use). mentioned were grown were produced were used Fill in the blanks with the proper forms according to the third paragraph. People believed that tea _____________ (bring) to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries. In England, tea _____________ (not appear) until around 1660, but in less than 100 years, it had become the national drink. The tea trade from China to Western countries ______ (take) place in the 19th century. was brought didn’t appear took This ________ (help) to spread the popularity of tea and the tea plant to more places around the world. Even though many people now know about tea culture, the Chinese ____ (be) without doubt the ones who best __________ (understand) the nature of tea. helped are understand 毫无疑问；的确 1. One of the world’s favorite drinks was _________ by accident. 2. Tea was first ________ by Shen Nong 5,000 years ago. Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in the box. invent, drink, bring, produce, trade invented drunk 3. A nice smell was _________ when the tea leaves dropped into the hot water. 4. Tea was ________ to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries. 5. Tea is now ______ between many different countries. traded produced brought invent, drink, bring, produce, trade 1. by accident 偶然；意外地 e.g. The little girl knocked the glass by accident. 小女孩不小心碰落了玻璃杯。 Language Points e.g. The new nation needed a modern-minded ruler. 这个新兴国家需要一位现代头脑的统治者。 2. ruler n. 统治者；支配者 3. boil v . 煮沸；烧开 e.g. Boil the potato for 20 minutes. 把土豆煮 20 分钟。 rule ( 统治 ) + (e)r → ruler 统治者 4. remain v. 保持不变；剩余 e.g. Only a few leaves remained on the tree. 树上仅剩下几片叶子。 ① 作连系动词 ，后跟名词、形容词、不定 式、分词等做表语。指保持某种状态。 e.g. Peter became a manager, but Mike remained a worker. 彼得成为了经理，可迈克仍是工人。 ② 作不及物动词 ，意为“剩余”。 e.g. The apples give off a sweet smell. 苹果发出非常甜的味道。 5. smell n . 气味 v. 发出气味；闻到 e.g. I can smell some nice noodle soup. 我能闻到香喷喷的面汤味。 6. national adj . 国家的 ; 民族的 e.g. Li Na, without doubt, is the best tennis player in China. 毫无疑问，李娜是中国最优秀的网球运动员。 nation ( 国家 ) + al → national e.g. The group of dancers wore national dress. 那群跳舞演员穿着民族服装。 7. without doubt 毫无疑问；的确 8. take place 发生；出现 ① 是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态； 常指事先安排或事发有因的事情。 e.g. Her sister’s marriage took place at 8:00 today. 她姐姐的婚礼今天八点举行。 ② 辨析： happen 则常指偶然发生的事情 e.g. I happened to see Peter on my way to the museum. 在去博物馆的路上我碰巧遇到皮特。 9. It is said that a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong was the first to discover tea as a drink. 据说有一位叫作神农的中国统治者最早发现 了茶可以饮用。 It is said that… 是个常见句式，表示“据 说 ……”, that 后面接完整的句子。 e.g. It is said that thirteen is an unlucky number in many Western countries. 据说在许多西方国家 13 是个不吉利的数字。 本单元还有一个类似的句式 : It is believed that … ，意思是“人们认为 …… ”, 其后同样接完整的句子。 e.g. It is believed that tea was brought to Korea and Japan during the 6 th and 7 th centuries. 人们认为，茶在六至七世纪传到了 朝鲜和日本。 10. 《 茶经 》 是我国唐代一部有关茶叶 及品茶的专著，作者陆羽。该书共 分三卷十节，全面叙述了茶叶生产 的历史，源流，生产技术以及饮茶 技艺和茶道原理，享有 “茶叶百科 全书”之美誉。 根据课本内容，完成下列句子。 1. 拉链是什么时候被发明的？ ______ _____ the zipper ________? 2. 它于 1893 年被发明。 It ______ _________ in 1893. was invented When was invented Grammar Focus 3. 它是由谁发明的？ ______ _____ it invented ______? 4. 它是由惠特科姆 • 贾得森发明的。 It ____ ________ ___ Whitcomb Judson. 5. 茶叶什么时候被带到朝鲜去的？ _____ ______ tea _________ to Korea? was invented by When was brought Who was by 6. 是在六到七世纪之间被带到朝鲜。 It _____ _______ to Korea ________the 6th and 7th centuries. 7. 热冰淇淋勺用来做什么？ What ___ the hot ice-cream scoop _____ _____? 8. 它用来挖很冷的冰淇淋。 It’s _____ ____ ______ really cold ice-cream. used for serving is used for was brought during 9. 贝尔于 1876 年发明了电话机。 Alexander Graham Bell _________ the telephone in 1876. 10. 电话机在 1876 年被贝尔所发明。 The telephone _____ ________ _____ Alexander Graham Bell in 1876. invented was invented by 英语有两种语态： 主动语态 和 被动语态 。 主动语态 表示主语是动作的执行者，而被 动语态则 表示主语是动作的承受者。如： We cleaned the classroom yesterday. 我们昨天打扫了教室。 ( 主动语态，主语 we 是 clean 这一动作的执行者 ) The classroom was cleaned yesterday. 教室昨天被打扫。 ( 被动语态，主语 the classroom 是 clean 这一动作的承受者 ) 一般过去时被动语态的结构为 “主语 + was /were + 及物动词的过去分词 (+by+ 动作的执行者 ).” 。如： Trees were planted last spring. 去年春天种了树。 一、一般过去时被动语态 1. 肯定句： 主语 + was / were+ 及物动词的过去分词 + 其他 . e.g. Paper was invented by Chinese people two thousand years ago. 纸是中国人在二千多年前发明的。 2. 否定句： 主语 + was/were not+ 及物动词的过 去分词 + 其他 . e.g. Women were not allowed to take part in the games at first. 开始妇女不允许参加奥运会。 e.g. Was this picture drawn by your sister? 这幅画 是你妹妹 画 的吗？ 3. 一般疑问句： Was/Were + 主语 + 及物动词的过去分 词 + 其他 ? 1. 不知道谁是动作的执行者，或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者。 e.g. English is spoken all over the world. 全世界都在说英语。 2. 需要突出或强调动作的承受者。 e.g. This dictionary is used by most students. 这本字典是大多数学生在用的。 二、被动语态的用法： 1. 有些短语动词相当于及物动词，变为被动句时介词或副词不能去掉。 e.g. They put off the meeting because of the weather. → The meeting was put off because of the weather. 会议因天气的缘故被推迟了。 三 、 主动语态变被动语态 应注意的问题 2. 含有双宾语的主动句变为被动句时，通常把指“人”的间接宾语变为主语，指“物”的直接宾语保留不变；如果把指“物”的直接宾语变为主语，则在间接语前加 to 或 for 。 e.g. My aunt gave me an e-dictionary yesterday. I was given an e-dictionary yesterday. An e-dictionary was given to me yesterday. 3. 主动句中感官动词 see / hear / watch / feel 等和使役动词 make / let / have 等后跟省略 to 的动词不定式，变为被动语态时应加上不定式符号 to 。 e.g. I saw a heavy man enter the house. A heavy man was seen to enter the house. 4. 系动词、不及物动词或某些短语动词（ happen, take place, come true, fall asleep… ）没有被动语态。 e.g. What happened to Mr. Brown? 布朗先生发生了什么事？ 将下列句子变为被动语态。 1. He chose six story books the other day. Six story books _____ _______ by him the other day. 2. Uncle Lee gave Jack a large cake for he painted the wall wonderfully. Jack _____ _____ a large cake for he painted the wall wonderfully. was given were chosen Exercises 3. A mouse ate half of the cake last night. Half of the cake _____ _____ by a mouse last night. was eaten 将下列句子变为主动语态。 4. Were these machines invented by Edison? _____ Edison _______ these machines? Did invent 5. The post card was sent to Linda by Paul. Paul _____ the post card ___ Linda. 6. America was discovered by Columbus. Columbus __________ America. sent to discovered 对划线部分提问 7. Shoes with lights were used for seeing in the dark . _____ ______ shoes with lights ______ for? 8. Paper was invented in China almost a thousand years ago . ______ _____ paper _________ in China? used What were When was invented Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice. 【 点拨 】 原句为一般过去时态，原句的谓语动词为 sold ，宾语为 the fridge ；改为被动语态时，应将 the fridge 作主语，谓语动词用 was sold 的形式。 1. They sold the fridge at a low price. The fridge was sold at a low price. 4a 【 点拨 】 分析原句的句子结构可知， stole 是谓语动 词， my camera 是句子的宾语；改为被动语态句时，应将 my camera 作句子主语，谓语动词用 was stolen 的形式。 2. Somebody stole my camera from my hotel room. _________________________________ _________________________________ My camera was stolen from my hotel room. 3. Where did you take these photos? __________________________________ 4. Our parents advised us not to go out alone. __________________________________ 5. Different writers translated the book into different languages. __________________________________ __________________________________ Where were these photos taken? We were advised not to go out alone. The book was translated into different languages by different writers. 1. You ____________ to the party last night, weren’t you? Why didn’t you go? 2. The earthquake happened all of a sudden, but luckily the villagers _____________ to a safe place. were invited eat, like, invite, tell, lock, ring, break, bring were brought Complete the sentences with correct forms of the verbs in the box. 句子主语 you 与 invite 之间存在被动关系。 villagers 与 bring 之间存在被动关系 4b 3. The door ___________ when we arrived, so we ______ the bell. 4. The students ___________ not to eat or drink in class, but Ruby ______ the rule when she started eating a biscuit in science class. 5. The cookies __________ by the hungry kids in less than 20 minutes, and they really _____ them. was locked rang broke were told were eaten liked the door 与 lock 之间为被动关系；而 we 与 ring 之间则为主动关系；其他各题相同。 The telephone ______________ (invent) by Alexander Graham Bell. He __________ (born) in 1847. Mr. Bell ________ (work) on the invention of the telephone with Thomas Watson. was born was invented worked Decide whether active or passive forms should be used in these sentence. Write the correct forms in the blanks. the telephone 与 invent 之间存在被动关系； Mr. Bell 与 work 之间是主动关系。 4c In 1875, Mr. Bell _________ (learn) how to send musical notes through an instrument similar to a telephone. Finally, the telephone _____________ (invent) in 1876. The first sentence that _________ (say) on the telephone by Mr. Bell was “Mr. Watson, come here; I want to see you.” Today the telephone ________ (use) around the world. learned was invented was said is used Mr. Bell 与 learn 之间为主动关系。 Summary Learned the story of the invention of tea. Learned the Active Voice and the Passive Voice (past tense). Homework Memorize the points in 3a. Retell the story of the invention of tea. Do the exercises in students’ book. Thank you! 更多精彩内容，微信扫描二维码获取 扫描二维码获取更多资源