河南省部分地区2020-2021年高二下学期期中英语试题精选汇编:阅读理解专题
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河南省部分地区2020-2021年高二下学期期中英语试题精选汇编:阅读理解专题

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1 河南省部分地区 2020-2021 年高二下学期期中英语试题精选汇编 阅读理解专题 河南省洛阳市 2020-2021 学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分 40 分) 第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2 分,满分 30 分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项。 A Windmill Lake Wake & Eco Park Location : Bayfield, Ontario Open season: May 20th — October 31st Starting prices : $ 20 CAD Website: www. windmill-lake, ca Windmill Lake Wake & Eco Park is an environmentally conscious(有意识的)amusement park. The experts will teach you how to wakeboard and paddleboard, and you can also rent kayaks (橡皮船),canoes, and boats. The folks say by playing in the water you help refresh it for all the creatures that call it home. Tofino Sea Kayaking Location : Tofino, British Columbia Open season : Year round Starting prices : $119 CAD 2 Website : www. tofinoseakayaking. com During a five-hour kayaking tour, the folks will take you through the rainforests, the incoming tides and old forests. And, if you come during the right time of year, you could catch the migration (迁徙)season of the local birds. Lardeau River Adventures Location : Meadow Creek, Kaslo, British Columbia Open season: May 1st - September 30th Starting prices : $ 169 CAD Website : www. lardeauriveradventures. com Lardeau River Adventures offers a wilderness whitewater rafting experience and eco-tour. You'll ride the waters through a beautiful mountain valley providing class 2+ rapids and overlooking amazing scenery and wildlife. The trained experts will teach you about the area, take you on a picnic and show the great biological diversity (多样,性)in these mountains. D — Tour Location : Mont-Tremblant, Quebec Open season: May 13th - October 22nd Starting prices : $ 87 CAD Website : www. dtourtremblant. com The e-Bike Discovery tour allows even beginners to enjoy the vast, beautiful area of Mont- Tremblant in only a couple of hours with ease and pleasure. Thanks to this innovative (革新 的)bike, you'll see more of this wonderful scenery in less time. Plus, it's a unique experience you'll talk about proudly for years to come. 21. What is Tofino Sea Kayaking mainly about? A. Historical sites. B. British wildlife. 3 C. Cultural remains. D. Adventure activities. 22. Which activity should you join in if you are a cyclist? A. D — Tour. B. Tofino Sea Kayaking. C. Lardeau River Adventures. D. Windmill Lake Wake & Eco Park. 23. What time range is offered by Lardeau River Adventures? A. Year round. B. May 13th - October 22nd. C. May 1st - September 30th. D. May 20th - October 31st. B The victims were carried in one by one, their paws(爪子)and fur burnt, suffering from thirst and fear. Their caretakers bandaged their wounds, hugged them and laid them in baskets with the only thing that was familiar - the leaves of a eucalyptus tree (桉树) As catastrophic fires have burned more than 2 million acres in Australia, dozens of koalas have been rescued from burning trees and grey ground. “They are terrified," said Cheyne Flanagan, clinical director of the Koala Hospital in Port Macquarie, the only hospital of its kind in the world. Koalas, unlike kangaroos, birds or snakes, do not flee from fires but instead climb trees to the top, where they can curl themselves into a ball for protection and wait for the danger to 里 ass” But during very serious fires, such as those that have burned in recent weeks, the animals, conservationists said, are far less likely to survive. Even if the fire itself does not reach the top of the tree, the animal may overheat and fall to the ground, where they can be burned to death. The difficulty of the koala - a national symbol of Australia --- has raised questions among conservationists and scientists about what il will take to preserve biodiversity in a country where there is more serious fire, extreme heat and lack of water. While koalas have to get used to existing alongside wildfires, the animals are facing new danger not just 4 from climate change but also from human activities, which has disturbed local populations, weakening their ability to survive fires. “We have these unique animals not found anywhere else on this planet, and we're killing them.” Flanagan said. "This is a big wake-up call.” 24. What will koalas do when facing the wildfire? A. Flee to other places. B. Hide under the ground. C. Climb to the top of the tree. D. Wait -for the rescue to come. 25. Besides wildfire, what else threatens koalas’ existence? A. More human activities. B. Less water to drink. C. Bigger local population. D. Weaker ability to climb. 26. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Koalas' living habits should be studied more carefully. B. More measures should be taken for koalas' protection. C. Wake-up calls should be made when wildfire happens. D. Killing unique animals should be banned in a strict way. 27. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. Looking for unique animals in Australia. B. Protecting Australia's animals who cannot climb. C. Facing new threats which cause koalas' deaths. D. Saving the fire victims : Australia's koalas. C Half of the world's beaches could disappear by 2100, a study published in the journal Nature Climate Change 5 suggests. Michalis Vousdoukas, of the European Union's Joint Research Center in Ispra, Italy, was the lead researchist. "Tourist areas which have sandy beaches as their main selling point will probably face strong consequences," he said. Aside from economic value, beaches play an important environmental role. "Sandy beaches are important habitats supporting a wide range of species. They also protect the coast from the effects of storms, so without sandy beaches other inland environments can be affected by the effects of waves and saltwater entering," Vousdoukas added. The main causes are rising sea-level and erosion (侵蚀)from storms, the study says, which warned of “ the near-disappearance of almost half of the world's sandy beaches by the end of the century. Beaches in the United States will be “greatly affected", as will shorelines in Canada, Mexico, China and Chile. In the U. S. , beaches along the East Coast and the Gulf Coast will experience the most erosion. Michalis Vousdoukas and other researchers used satellite images to track the way beaches have changed over the past 30 years and patterned how global warming might affect them in the future. They found that West Africa will see some of the worst losses, where more than 60% of sandy coastline may be lost in countries such as The Gambia and Guinea-Bissau. Australia will also take a hit: when the total length of sandy beach projected to be lost is analyzed, Australia would be hit the hardest, with more than 7,000 miles at risk, 28. What mainly caused the disappearance of half of the world's beaches? A. Over population and more tourism. B. Severe erosion and coastline losses. C. Global warming and climate change. D. Sea-level rise and storm destruction. 29. Which country possibly loses more than half of sandy coastline according to the study? A. Chile. B. The Gambia. C. Australia. D. The United States. 30. Why are beaches important to wildlife? A. They can provide habitats for species. B. They can block out waves and storms. 6 C. They can be popular tourist attractions. D. They can stop erosion from happening. 31. What is the author's purpose in writing this text? A. To introduce beaches. B. To make a comparison. C. To protect environment. D. To explain a study. D When he was two years old, Ben stopped seeing out of his left eye. His mother took him to the doctor and soon discovered he had cancer in both eyes. After possible treatments failed, doctors removed both his eyes. For Ben, vision was gone forever., But by the time he was seven years old, he had developed a technique for feeling the world around him: he clicked with his mouth and listened for the returning echoes(回声). This method enabled Ben to determine the locations of open doorways, people,parked cars, garbage cans, and so on. He was echolocating: bouncing his sound waves off objects in the environment and catching the reflections to build a mental model of his surroundings. Echolocation may sound like an improbable feat for a human, but thousands of blind people have perfected this skill, just like Ben did. The event has been written about since at least the 1940s, when the word ''echolocation" was first invented in a science article titled "Echolocation by Blind M en , Bats, and Radar." How could blindness give rise to the amazing ability to understand the surroundings with one's ears? The answer lies in a gift on the brain; huge adaptability. Mother Nature filled our brains with flexibility to adapt to circumstances. Just as sharp teeth and fast legs are useful for survival, so is the brain's ability to reset, which allows for learning, memory, and die ability to develop new skills. In Ben's case , his brain's flexible wiring repurposed his visual cortex (皮质)for processing sound. As a result, Ben had more neurons(神经元)available to deal with listening information, and this increased processing 7 power allowed Ben to interpret soundwaves in shocking detail. Ben's super-hearing proves a more general rule: the more brain area a particular sense has, the better it performs. 32. How did Ben "see” after he had his eyes removed? A. By using a walking stick. B. By asking others for help. C. By inventing a new system. D. By echolocating surroundings. 33. What does the underlined word “feat” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Skill. B. Task. C. Sense. D. Invention. 34. What can we learn from Ben's case? A. He laughs best who laughs last. B. Actions speak louder than words. C. God shuts one door but he opens another. D. Man becomes learned by asking questions. 35. In which column of a magazine can we read this passage? A. Culture Shock. B. Human Biology. C. Scientific Technology. D. Environmental Protection. 【答案】21 -25 DACCA 26 -30 BDDBA 31 -35CDACB 河南省郑州市中牟县 2020-2021 学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分 40 分) 第一节 短文阅读 (共 15 小题;每小题 2 分,满分 30 分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将 该项涂黑。 A 8 There is no doubt that to study abroad gives you an excellent opportunity to learn things which are very helpful in your career building. Today Canada has earned a good name in providing quality education and safe and healthy environment for its students. That is why more than 130,000 international students enroll (登记入学) every year in famous Canadian universities. It is an ideal education destination and gives students a unique experience of education and its diverse arts and culture. Canada spends a lot on education and is ranked the highest in G-8 countries. To study in Canada is very cost-effective. These universities are affordable compared to other universities in the world such as in the US, New Zealand and the UK where cost of education and living is very high. According to a survey in 2006, Canada offered the lowest tuition fees (学费) for foreign students compared to the UK and Australia. The low rate of crimes and the peaceful and safe environment of the country also attracts a lot of international students to Canadian universities. Canada has 92 universities and 175 community colleges and university degrees have three levels ― Bachelor’s, Master’s and Doctoral. A Bachelor’s degree in Canada is for three or four years’ full-time study depending on the nature of the programme you are doing. On the other hand, a Master’s degree consists of two years of study. For a Doctoral programme in Canadian universities, you require a minimum of three to four or sometimes five years of research and study. You can also find many diploma and certification (认证) programmes in Canadian universities where the time is generally one year. Some of the Canadian universities are well-regarded worldwide and the degree and diploma gained from these Canadian universities are recognized globally and promise a bright future. After the completion of studies, a person could also find great job offers in Canada itself. International students require a work permit to work on campus. 1. What can we infer from the passage ? A. Canada has 267 community colleges in all. B. To study in Canada is cheaper than in Australia. 9 C. Canada is the richest one among G-8 countries. D. 130,000 Chinese students come to Canada yearly. 2. How long at least will it take to gain your Doctoral degrees if you go to university in Canada ? A. 8 years. B. 9 years. C. 10 years. D. 11 years. 3. Which advantage wasn’t mentioned according to the passage ? ① Quality education. ② Safe environment. ③ Diverse culture. ④ Bright job future. ⑤ High scholarship. ⑥ Low tuition fees. A. ② B. ③ C. ④ D. ⑤ 4. What’s the author’s attitude towards studying in Canada ? A. Ignore. B. Doubt. C. Support. D. Oppose. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. C 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述去加拿大留学的优点。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“According to a survey in 2006, Canada offered the lowest tuition fees (学费) for foreign students compared to the UK and Australia.(根据 2006 年的一份调查,与英国和澳大利亚相比,加拿 大为外国学生提供最低的学费)”可知,在加拿大上学比在澳大利亚上学便宜。故选 B 项。 【2 题详解】 数字计算题。根据第五段“A Bachelor’s degree in Canada is for three or four years’ full-time study… a Master’s degree consists of two years of study. For a Doctoral programme in Canadian universities, you require a minimum of three to four or sometimes five years of research and study.(加拿大的学士学位需要三到四年的学习时间,硕 士学位包含两年的学习时间。如果你想得到加拿大大学的博士学位,你需要至少三到四年甚至五年的时间 10 进行研究学习)”可知,如果想获得加拿大大学的博士学位至少需要花费(3+2+3=8)8 年时间。故选 A 项。 【3 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Today Canada has earned a good name in providing quality education and safe and healthy environment for its students.(今天,加拿大在为学生提供优质教育和安全健康的环境方面赢得好名 声)”及第二段“It is an ideal education destination and gives students a unique experience of education and its diverse arts and culture.(它是理想的教育的终点,并且为学生提供独特的教育经历和多样的艺术和文化)”及 第三段“To study in Canada is very cost-effective.(在加拿大学习也是很划算的)”及最后一段“Some of the Canadian universities are well-regarded worldwide and the degree and diploma gained from these Canadian universities are recognized globally and promise a bright future.(加拿大的一些大学是备受世界好评的。从这些 加拿大大学获取的学位和文凭是全球认证的,并且他们能提供一个光明的未来)”可知,在加拿大读书的优 点是高质量的教育、安全的环境、多样的文化、光明的工作前景、学费低。文章并没有提到高额奖学金。 故选 D 项。 【4 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Today Canada has earned a good name in providing quality education and safe and healthy environment for its students.(今天,加拿大在为学生提供优质教育和安全健康的环境方面赢得好名 声)”及第二段“It is an ideal education destination and gives students a unique experience of education and its diverse arts and culture.(它是理想的教育的终点,并且为学生提供独特的教育经历和多样的艺术和文化)” 及第三段“To study in Canada is very cost-effective.(在加拿大学习也是很划算的)”及最后一段“Some of the Canadian universities are well-regarded worldwide and the degree and diploma gained from these Canadian universities are recognized globally and promise a bright future.(加拿大的一些大学是备受世界好评的。从这些 加拿大大学获取的学位和文凭是全球认证的,并且他们能提供一个光明的未来)”可知,作者想通过这篇文 章来讲述在加拿大读书的优点,所以作者对在加拿大的大学上学持支持态度。故选 C 项。 B There was a 4-year gap between myself and my younger brother. There was enough distance in age to keep us close as we got older, and enough of an age gap to make sure we lived our own life in completely different ways. Having a younger brother while I was a girl was a lot of work, for there was usually a lot of fighting. However, as we grow, we’ve become closer, and I’ve realized that just because I’m the older sister, it doesn’t 11 mean I’ve truly learned and stuck to the things I should have when I was growing up. Actually, I’ve learned several things from my younger brother. My younger brother is one of the most talented and creative souls I’ve known. He is constantly feeding his creativity with new art forms, new instruments and new songs. He always tries to understand and learn more about the world around him. He has reminded me through his actions and words that giving up on creativity is something a person should never do. My younger brother has always been a more introverted (内向的) type. You’re lucky to get more than three words out of him at a time. Because of this, he has certainly learned the whole “actions speak louder than words” thing. But I’ve realized from my brother that I needn’t speak to fill the silence. Sometimes, it’s necessary to spend some of your time in silence. My younger brother has also got through hard times, and I admire the fact that he is able to focus on learning from the hard times, unlike myself, who is likely to hold on to every little thing from my life. It has always been difficult for me to let things go and move on, but my younger brother has been an inspiration to me to try harder at letting go. 5. What did the author think of growing up as an older sister? A. It kept her independent. B. It wasn’t always an ease. C. It seemed to be enjoyable. D. It was a great advantage. 6. What does the author learn from her younger brother? A. Keep feeding your creativity. B. Try to find anything new to do. C. Art is truly a beautiful thing. D. Few people can have a new life. 7. What can be the best title for the text? A. Good Qualities of My Little Brother B. Inspiration Drawn from My Family C. Things My Little Brother Taught Me 12 D. Close Relationships between Friends 【答案】5. B 6. A 7. C 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者虽然作为姐姐,但这并不意味着她已经真正学会了成长过 程中所需要的东西,也不意味着她坚持了所有的事情。事实上,作者还有很多东西是从弟弟那学到的。 【5 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Having a younger brother while I was a girl was a lot of work, for there was usually a lot of fighting.(当我还是女孩的时候,有了一个弟弟是件很麻烦的事,因为通常会有很多争吵)”可 知,作者认为作为一个姐姐长大并不总是一件容易的事。故选 B。 【6 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“He has reminded me through his actions and words that giving up on creativity is something a person should never do.(他用行动和言语提醒我,放弃创造力是一个人永远不应该做的事)”可 知,作者从她弟弟那里学会不断地培养自己的创造力。故选 A。 【7 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“However, as we grow, we’ve become closer, and I’ve realized that just because I’m the older sister, it doesn’t mean I’ve truly learned and stuck to the things I should have when I was growing up. Actually, I’ve learned several things from my younger brother.(然而,随着我们的成长,我们变得更加亲密, 我也意识到,仅仅因为我是姐姐,并不意味着我真正学习和坚持我成长中应该拥有的东西。事实上,我从 我弟弟那里学到了一些东西)”可知,文章主要讲述了作者从弟弟那里学到的事情。故选 C。 C Granada is Spain’s most visited city, drawing tourists from all over the world, most of whom are eager to see the famous world heritage sites. Also, some people can enjoy the wonderful music and dance festivals there. Located in Spain’s most southern region, you are guaranteed lovely hot weather during the summer. However, as it is set at the foot of the Sierra Nevada Mountains, there is skiing during the winter, making it a popular destination all year round. 13 Centuries ago, Granada was once a city filled with hundreds of public baths. One of the few that remains undamaged dates back to(始于) the 11th century. However, Granada’s most popular attraction is the Alhambra. The name Alhambra means “red castle” because of the color of the stone, which is particularly beautiful at sunset. As you walk through its narrow streets and beautiful gardens, you will be able to experience the charm of this particular region. Within the Alhambra is the Parador(旅馆) Granada, which is one of Spain’s most popular hotels. It was originally part of a palace and later turned into a convent(女修道院), it’s a place where you can calm your mind. Its tranquil courtyard and lovely views are some of the reasons why so many guests enjoy their stay. Located on the hill not far from the Alhambra is Albaicin. This used to be an Arab silk market, but today the small streets are filled with shops selling local handicrafts. From Albaicin, there is a steep walk up to a church, but it’s well worth the effort. With the mountains in the background, you will be able to get a beautiful view. Granada has its own airport with flights from London and Stansted, so flying out for a long weekend couldn’t be easier. Why not discover for yourself why so many people around the world love coming to this charming city ? 8. Why do so many tourists travel to Granada ? A. To enjoy the famous festivals. B. To visit the world heritage sites. C. To learn about its old culture. D. To experience the exciting skiing. 9. What’s the main reason why Alhambra got its name ? A. Because of the stones’ color. B. Because of its heavy pollution. C. Because of its government. D. Because of its special position. 10. What does the underlined word “tranquil” in paragraph 3 mean ? A. Broad. B. splendid. C. amazing. D. Quiet. 11. What’s the author’s purpose of writing the text ? A. To entertain readers. B. To share experiences. 14 C. To advertise Granada. D. To offer tour service. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了 Granada 这个旅游胜地。 【8 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Granada is Spain’s most visited city, drawing tourists from all over the world, most of whom are eager to see the famous world heritage sites.(格拉纳达是西班牙旅游人数最多的城市,吸引 着来自世界各地的游客,其中大多数人都渴望参观著名的世界遗产。)”可知,很多游客来格拉纳达参观 世界遗产。故选 B。 【9 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The name Alhambra means “red castle” because of the color of the stone, which is particularly beautiful at sunset.(阿尔罕布拉这个名字的意思是“红色的城堡”,因为石头的颜色,在日落 时特别美丽。)”可知,Alhambra 得到它的名字是因为石头的颜色。故选 A。 【10 题详解】 词句猜测题。根据上文“it’s a place where you can calm your mind.(这是一个可以让你平静心灵的地方。)” 可推知,划线词所在的句子意为“宁静的庭院和可爱的景色是许多客人喜欢住在这里的原因之一。”由此 可知,tranquil 意为“宁静的”,与 quiet 同义。故选 D。 【11 题详解】 推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 文 章 第 一 段 “Granada is Spain’s most visited city, drawing tourists from all over the world,…However, as it is set at the foot of the Sierra Nevada Mountains, there is skiing during the winter, making it a popular destination all year round.(格拉纳达是西班牙旅游人数最多的城市,吸引着来自世界各地的游客, 其中大多数人都渴望参观著名的世界遗产。此外,一些人可以享受美妙的音乐和舞蹈节日。它位于西班牙 最南部的地区,保证你在夏天有可爱的炎热天气。然而,由于它位于内华达山脉(Sierra Nevada)的山脚下, 冬季可以滑雪,因此它全年都是一个受欢迎的目的地。)”和文章最后一段“Why not discover for yourself why so many people around the world love coming to this charming city ?(为什么不自己去发现为什么全世界 15 这么多人喜欢来到这个迷人的城市?)”可推知,文章主要是给 Granada 这个旅游胜地做广告。故选 C。 D If you’re DIY-minded, you can build your own solar power system. In some cases, you can even build your own solar panels(电池板), although the amount that you can effectively DIY home solar depends on how much you want to power. Making your own solar panel is a time-consuming process and requires some electrical skills. However, it can also be very rewarding---learning to build your own panel is a great way to understand how solar-electricity is produced. Before you can build your own solar panels, you first need to understand how solar cells produce electricity. If you’ve bought individual solar cells(they can be purchased online), the basic process for building your own solar panel goes like this: Prepare the backing(垫板) for your panel. Many DIY solar panel builders prefer to use a wooden board as the base for their solar cell. You’ll need to drill holes in the board so that the wires for each cell can pass through. Wire your solar cells together. This requires some experience with electrical work. Use a soldering iron to attach wire to the solar cells and then link each of the cells together. Attach cells to your backing. If possible, attach each solar cell to the backing individually. This makes it easier to replace a single cell in the event that becomes damaged or is not operating properly. At this point you have a functional solar panel that can produce electricity when the sun shines. However, a solar panel by itself is not useful. If you are trying to produce electricity to power devices in your home, you need to pair your panel with an inverter(换流器) that will turn direct current(DC) power from the sun into the alternating current(AC) power used in most modern electronic devices. 12. How does the author like building DIY solar panel in Para. 1? A. It is easy. B. It is necessary. C. It is common D. It is worthwhile 13. What’s the first step of building your own solar panels? A. Master how to manage it. B. Prepare the backing for your panel. C. Purchase individual solar cells. D. Drill holes in the wooden board. 14. Why are solar cells connected to the wooden board separately? 16 A. To produce more power. B. To replace damaged cells easily. C. To fix cells to the backing. D. To pass through the board easily. 15. What can be inferred from the text ? A. People without electrical skills behave worse in DIY solar panels. B. A wooden board is a must in building your own solar solar power. C. How to pair an inverter depends on how much you want to power. D. A functional solar panel can give power to your home devices directly. 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. A 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是如果您有 DIY 意识,您可以建立自己的太阳能发电系统。在某些情况下, 您甚至可以构建自己的太阳能电池板。本文以此展开,主要讲述了自制太阳能发电电池板的过程以及需要 的材料和知识。 【12 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“However, it can also be very rewarding---learning to build your own panel is a great way to understand how solar-electricity is produced.(然而,它也可以是非常有益的——学习自己建造电池板是 了解太阳能发电是如何产生的一个好方法。)”可推知,作者认为 DIY 太阳能电池板值得学习,是有价值的, 故选 D 项。 【13 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Before you can build your own solar panels, you first need to understand how solar cells produce electricity. If you’ve bought individual solar cells(they can be purchased online), the basic process for building your own solar panel goes like this: Prepare the backing(垫板) for your panel. (在你可以建造自己的 太阳能电池板之前,你首先需要了解太阳能电池是如何发电的。如果你已经购买了单独的太阳能电池(可以 在网上购买),制作你自己的太阳能电池板的基本过程是这样的:为你的电池板准备垫板。)”可知,制作太 阳能电池板的第一步是先买太阳能电池,故选 C 项。 17 【14 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“If possible, attach each solar cell to the backing individually. This makes it easier to replace a single cell in the event that becomes damaged or is not operating properly.(如果可能的话,把每个太 阳能电池分别连在垫板上,这使得在单个电池损坏或操作不正常的情况下更容易更换电池。)”可知,太阳 能电池单独连接到木板上,是因为可以更加容易地替换单个损坏的电池,故选 D 项。 【15 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“This requires some experience with electrical work.(这需要一些电气工作的经 验。)”可知自制太阳能板需要一些电工经验,故拥有电工技能的人在自制太阳能板时更占优势。由此推知 没有电气技术的人在 DIY 太阳能电池板时表现会比较糟糕,故选 A 项。 河南名校联盟 2020-2021 学年高二下学期期中考试英语 第一部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分 40 分) 第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2 分,满分 30 分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Here are four art exhibitions in Paris which look at the poetry of Pablo Picasso, vintage ( 老 式 的) photography by Henri Cartier-Bresson, the history of technology and fashion design by Coco Chanel. Musee National Picasso — Paris On view at the Musee National Picasso ——Paris, an exhibition called Picasso Poet looks at the poems that Pablo Picasso wrote in his lifetime. It's more than just framed pieces of paper but a look into his handwritten plays, typewritten artist books and hand-painted poems, alongside his drawings and paintings. "It reveals the extraordinary resourcefulness of the poet Picasso," writes the curator (馆长). Pricing : $ 10 Henri Cartier-Bresson Foundation 18 This quiet little museum features more than just photos by the French master photographer Henri Cartier-Bresson. There's also a solo show featuring the photos of Chilean photographer Sergio Larrain currently on display. Featuring photos of London taken in the winter of 1958 to 1959, there are street scenes with fog and rain as well as the locals daily lives. Pricing : Free Metiers Art Museum This is one of the most overlooked museums in Paris, and it's well worth a day trip. The collection of engineering machines and televisions, as well as cameras and typewriters will walk us through the history of technology over the past 200 years. Pricing : $ 14 Palais Galliera Palais Galleria in Paris is the city's best fashion museum, and it has been closed for the past two years undergoing a huge renovation (整修).Now, the museum has reopened with a retrospective (回顾展)honoring a French designer, Coco Chanel. The exhibition looks back at the career of one woman who broke the glass ceiling in fashion design and features over 350 dresses, accessories , jewels and scents. The exhibition continues in the newly-renovated basement galleries, which are not to miss. Pricing: $20 1. Where should you visit if you're interested in the old London? A. Mus6e National Picasso — Paris. B. Henri Cartier-Bresson Foundation. C. Metiers Art Museum. D. Palais Galliera. 2. What do we know about Palais Galliera? A. It is rebuilt for Coco Chanel. B. It's under construction at present. C. It's famous for fashion-themed show. D. It has a glass ceiling in fashion design. 3. What do the four exhibitions have in common? 19 A. They are all celebrity-related. B. They are displayed in Paris. C. They ask for admission tickets. D. They are displayed in grand museums. B Fed up with too much screen time, some students from one Philadelphia high school in the US refused to log on for school on Dec 14th, staging a protest that they hope will draw attention to the difficult situation of stressed teenagers across the city and beyond. Instead of attending virtual school from 8 am to 3 pm as usual, dozens of students at Kensington High School for the Creative and Performing Arts (KCAPA) declined to participate in classes. Leilani Ferrara and her classmates didn't want to shirk work. "In fact, the logoff was designed to catch up on missed or incomplete assignments, and organized around the fact that the current school schedule is unworkable," said Ferrara, 15, a strong student whose grades are now falling. “We are all breaking down every day," Ferrara said. "I barely eat. I'm sleeping all the time. You just can’t be online every day from 8 am to 3 pm. It's too much. ” Philadelphia School District students have not seen the inside of their classrooms since March when schools closed because of COVID-19. Social studies teacher Ismael Jimenez has seen students grow increasingly stressed. They worry about too much work, not enough time to complete it and a lack of one-on-one time with teachers. KCAPA attendance has been declining — last week, it was under 50 percent. KCAPA students are expected to be in classes for seven hours, with 10 minutes between classes and a lunch break. The students have taken their concerns to Principal Patricia McDermott-Fair» who has not made meaningful changes to the schedule. District leaders did not make McDermott-Fair available for comment. In a statement, Malika Savoy-Brooks, the district's Chief of Academic Support, said she understood remote learning is challenging for some. "We encourage anyone who has concerns about this matter to work with their school leaders with the final goal of creating an environment where students, progress comes first," Savoy-Brooks said. Students say they're overwhelmed ( 压 垮 的 ) by hours of work followed by homework. Junior Kayla Reynolds, 18, wants to finish high school. But now she's getting mostly Ds and Fs. " I'm not a good learner when 20 it comes to virtual — I'm not slow, but I just need face-to-face learning, she said. "Some of us are thinking about dropping out of school." 4. What's the reason for the protest of some KCAPA students? A. Offline homework is too much. B. Online courses are challenging. C. The school schedule is unreasonable. D. Sleeping and eating time is not enough. 5. Which of the following may replace the underlined word “shirk”? A. Select. B. Complete. C. Continue. D. Escape. 6. What did KCAPA face after COVID-19 broke out? A. The change of the principal. B. A decline in class attendance. C. Better attendance for classes. D. Many students' failure in exams. 7. According to Malika, what's the right choice for the students? A. Talk to school leaders about the current schedule. B. Communicate with teachers to reduce homework. C. Get over learning difficulties to adapt to virtual school. D. Go on protesting to get their advantage over other things. C There is something that has been proven to help reduce stress levels, mental illness, and the risk of heart disease. It can also help you live longer, be happier, and even earn more money. Do you know what it is? Forgiveness. “I don't know if there is a sphere (领域)of your life that will not be positively affected by being more 21 forgiving," Loren Toussaint, a psychologist who studies forgiveness at Luther College in Iowa, US, told BBC News. Even though forgiveness seems like a universal concept, not everyone forgives in the same way. In fact, this especially holds true depending on which part of the world you come from. Because of this, the way you forgive someone in one culture could actually be seen as rude in another one. Toussaint explained, “ When you cross cultural borders, it becomes not important, but crucial, that the approach toward forgiveness should be culturally sensitive and appropriate. " There are also different reasons why we forgive others. Western countries have more individualistic cultures, where people may use forgiveness to feel like they have done the right thing or to clear their own guiltiness. Other countries have more collectivistic (集体主义的)cultures, where people will use forgiveness to achieve social harmony for the betterment of the whole group. So, what are some ways that people from around the world say “I forgive you ? In Hawaii, there is a term called "ho'oponopono”. Toussaint noted, " ' I am sorry, please forgive me, I love you', is the really extremely oversimplified way to describe it. " Man Yee Ho, a behavioral scientist at City University of Hong Kong, stated that Chinese cultures are “ not quite used to using the term 'forgiveness'." For instance, there is a term called " yuanliang" , which is more similar to "forbearance (宽容)" in English. " People don't like the idea of directly addressing a fault," Ho said. " Forbearance comes more easily to mind.” Regardless of these cultural differences, forgiveness is an important part of life that we should all do more of. 8. What's more important when we forgive others? A. The reason. B. The occasion. C. The way. D. The statement. 9. What's a possible reason for forgiveness? A. To remove your sad feelings. B. To show you're sympathetic. C. To prove you have been right. 22 D. To keep the group harmony. 10. Who may be the one to point out the mistakes indirectly? A. A Chinese. B. A Hawaiian. C. An American. D. A German. 11. Which part of the magazine is the text probably taken from? A. Entertainment. B. Business. C. Society. D. Culture. D You are being stalked ( 跟踪)everywhere you go. In your car. On your morning walk. Even in your own home - by your own TV. TVs have joined the ranks of websites, apps, and credit cards in the profitable business of sharing your information. Americans spend an average of three and a half hours in front of a TV each day, according to eMarketer. Your TV records may not contain sensitive financial data, but that history is a window to your interests, joys, and embarrassments. And marketers are collecting it because, legally speaking, we gave our permission when we set up our Internet-connected smart TVs. The TV makers sell this information to data brokers (中间人),who in turn sell it to advertisers and media companies, who are now able to link up what you watch with what you do on your phone, tablet, and laptop — even with what you buy in stores. Marketers can then retarget ads you see on TV to your computer and phone. They can measure how many people bought their product after seeing their ads. I ran an experiment on my own Samsung TV as well as new models from Samsung, TCL Roku TV, Vizio, and LG. I set up each as most people do: by tapping “OK” with the remote control to each on-screen prompt (提示).Then, using special software from Princeton University, 1 watched how each model sent data. What I found is that some TVs record and send out everything on your screen. It's not always "you" they're after, but your behaviors help create aggregated(整体统计的)statistical models of people who act or watch TV the way you do. Still, you might find it upsetting. When 1 set up my TV, I didn't realize I could say no to any of this. You can change your settings after the fact, if you're prepared to hunt around in out-of-the-way menus, such as “Terms and Policies.” But it may be worth the hunt. 23 12. How do the TV makers collect customers' information? A. By recording watching history. B. By linking up their phone with TV. C. By setting up the Internet-connected TV. D. By monitoring their sensitive financial data. 13. Who will most likely be the buyer of personal information? A. Banks. B. Websites. C. Media companies. D. Data brokers. 14. What can be inferred from the author's experiment? A. We can choose a different menu to set up TV. B. TV makers record and give away our way of life. C. We can change the settings to protect our information. D. We should agree with the TV settings without hesitation. 15. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Is Your TV Safe Enough to Watch? B. Legal but Disturbing Deals C. How to Keep Our Information Secret? D. Information War between Companies 【答案】 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 B C B C D B A C D A D A 24 13 14 15 C B A 河南省“领军考试”2020-2021 学年高二下学期 5 月期中考试英语试题 第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分 40 分) 第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2 分,满分 30 分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项. A After closing down due to COVID-19 on March 12, 2020, Universal Orlando was one of the first major theme parks in the U.S. to reopen. Virtually almost everything is open now, but you should note the following: •Most places are now open at CityWalk, including the Cinemark movie theater, which had remained closed when the complex first reopened. The nightclubs at CityWalk, including The Groove and the Red Coconut Club, remain closed. The Blue Man Group theater is temporarily closed. •Most Select Universal Orlando hotels are open. Loews Royal Pacific Resort, Loews Portofino Bay Hotel, Hard Rock Hotel, Cabana Bay Beach Resort, and Universal's Endless Summer Resort. Surfside Inn and Suites, and Universal's Aventura Hotel reopened but have since temporarily closed. •The parks are operating with reduced hours and typically close at 5 p.m. or 6 p.m. Things to Consider as You Plan a Universal Orlando Visit •Attendance is limited: Since the resort (度假胜地) opened, it generally hits its limited capacity only on weekends. To check whether the parks have maxed out on a given day, you can go to the resort's official site, UniversalOrlando.com, or call its hotline at 407-817-8317. •Reservations are not required to visit the parks: Unlike most other theme parks , Universal is not requiring guests to make advance reservations for the day they wish to visit the parks during the pandemic. 25 •Download the app to stay informed: Universal recommends that visitors download the latest version of its app to stay current with any updates or changes. It will also allow you to use some powerful features, including mobile food and drink ordering, contactless purchasing, and the Virtual Line system for reserving a ride. 1. According to the passage, which of the following is open to the public now? A. Surfside Inn and Suites. B. The Cinemark movie theater. C. The Blue Man Group theater. D. The Groove and the Red Coconut Club. 2. How can you check if Universal Orlando has too many visitors? A. Go to the park's office. B. Dial 407-817-8137. C. Book tickets in advance. D. Access the park's site. 3. Why does Universal recommend downloading its app? A. To get the latest information. B. To make advance reservations. C. To use its all-powerful features. D. To take the rides free of charge. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. A 【解析】 【分析】本文属于应用文。文章介绍了在新冠疫情背景之下,参观重新开放的 Universal Orlando 主题公园 的注意事项。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段第一行“Most places are now open at CityWalk, including the Cinemark movie theater…”可知,CityWalk 的大多数地方现在都开放了,包括 Cinemark 电影院。由此可知,the Cinemark movie theater 现在处于开放状态,故选 B。 26 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“To check whether the parks have maxed out on a given day, you can go to the resort's official site, UniversalOrlando.com, or call its hotline at 407-817-8317.”可知,要查看游客数量是否超 出上限,可以登录官方网站,也可拨打热线电话 407-817-8317,故选 B。 【3 题详解】 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 最 后 一 段 “Download the app to stay informed: Universal recommends that visitors download the latest version of its app to stay current with any updates or changes.”可知,下载应用程序以保 持信息畅通:环球公司建议访问者下载最新版本的应用程序,以了解最新的更新或更改。故选 A。 B The "world's loneliest elephant" has been resettled at a sanctuary (保护区)in Cambodia after receiving some assistance from iconic(偶像的)singer Cher, who has been advocating for Kaavan's resettlement along with her animal welfare group Free the Wild. Kaavan, a 36-year-old, 9,000-pound elephant, was given the nickname after he was diagnosed as being emotionally and physically damaged while living in a zoo in Islamabad, Pakistan, for 35 years. During that time, Kaavan was mostly chained in his fence, and when his partner died in 2012, her body laid next to him for several days before it was removed. Vets have diagnosed Kaavan as being overweight, malnourished (营养不 良)and suffering from behavioral issues due to isolation. Kaavan was tested for COVID-19 before his seven-hour journey, which was complete with 440 pounds of snacks. Amir Khalil, a vet who accompanied him on the flight and works with Four Paws, the animal rescue group that organized the move, described Kaavan as behaving like a "frequent flier,” saying that the elephant did not seem stressed and even slept while standing in his crate (大木箱). On Monday, Kaavan arrived in Cambodia and he made his way north by truck to his new home in the Oddar Meanchey province. Once he feels settled, he will be released from his temporary enclosure and allowed to roam the sanctuary, which houses about 600 Asian elephants. Animal rights groups and activists appealed for years to move Kaavan into better conditions. 27 Kaavan will require years of psychological and physical assistance, experts have said. Living in an enclosure with improper flooring caused his nails to crack and overgrow, and he developed a habit of shaking his head back and forth for hours, which vets attributed to boredom. The elephant has lost half a ton since his diet was changed to fruit and vegetables, Khalil said. He was previously eating about 550 pounds of pure sugarcane every day and some fruits and vegetables. 4. Which of the following took charge of moving the elephant? A. Free the Wild. B. The reserve in Cambodia. C. Four Paws. D. The local government. 5. How did the elephant seem to feel on the flight? A. Stressed. B. Scared. C. Curious. D. Calm. 6. What does the underlined word “roam" mean in paragraph 4? A. Wander. B. Leave. C. Desert. D. Protect. 7. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Kaavan has slim chances of recovering. B. Effects of dieting on Kaavan are noticeable. C. Kaavan had a more balanced diet in the original zoo. D. Previous living conditions were beneficial to Kaavan. 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. B 【解析】 【分析】本文属于记叙文。文章讲述了“世界上最孤独的大象”Kaavan 在以偶像歌手 Cher 为首的各方的 共同努力下得到重新安置的过程。 【4 题详解】 28 细节理解题。根据第三段“Amir Khalil, a vet who accompanied him on the flight and works with Four Paws, the animal rescue group that organized the move(Amir Khalil,一名在飞机上陪伴大象的兽医,工作于 Four Paws, 这是一个动物救助团体,正是他们组织了这次迁移)”可知,运送大象的任务是由 Four Paws 组织的。故选 C 项。 【5 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“saying that the elephant did not seem stressed and even slept while standing in his crate.(声称大象似乎没什么压力,甚至站在木箱里睡着了)”可知,大象在飞行途中比较平静。故选 D 项。 【6 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第四段“Once he feels settled, he will be released from his temporary enclosure and allowed to roam the sanctuary(一旦他安定下来,就可以从临时住所里释放出来,在保护所内 wander)”可知,大象 从临时住所里释放出来,可以推断下一步的动作应该是在更大的空间里自由活动即漫步。故选 A 项。 【7 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The elephant has lost half a ton since his diet was changed to fruit and vegetables, Khalil said.(自从饮食改为水果和蔬菜后,大象已经减重半吨了)”可知,饮食调整在大象身上的效果很明显, 与 B 选项描述相符。故选 B 项。 C A group of researchers from ETH Zurich in Switzerland looked at autumn leaf-fall data from 1948 to 2015 for six species of deciduous (落叶的) trees across almost 4,000 sites in central Europe. They did two experiments to see the role played by CO2 and sunlight in the timing of leaves' fall, testing the impact of shade. “For decades, we've assumed that growing seasons are increasing and that the autumn leaf-off is getting later”, said Prof Thomas Crowther at ETH Zurich in Switzerland, who was one of the study team, in a statement. “However, this research suggests that as tree productivity gets higher, the leaves actually fall earlier.” For the study, the researchers modelled what would happen by 2100 if humanity's carbon emissions (排放) remain high. They found the warmer autumns would mean leaves falling between three to six days earlier than now, challenging previous studies that said leaves would fall about two to three weeks later. 29 Their experiments and the leaf data they used suggest that higher CO2 levels, temperatures or light levels are driving the leaves to be more productive in spring and summer, speeding their death in autumn. Previous models did not include the amount of carbon a tree absorbs during a season. However, deciduous trees can only absorb a set amount of carbon each year and once that limit is reached, no more can be absorbed, the researchers argued. At that point, leaves begin to change color. This limit is set by the availability of nutrients, particularly nitrogen, and the physical structure of the plant itself. “In a world with increasing levels of carbon in the atmosphere, these new findings tell us that warmer weather and longer growing seasons will not allow temperate deciduous trees to take in more carbon dioxide,” said Philip James, professor of Ecology at the University of Salford, not related to the study. The findings would have global consequences that go beyond changing tourists' plans to see leaf-fail. The researchers calculate that the switch from a delay to an advance in leaf-fail amounts to about 1 billion tons less carbon stored globally each year by temperate forests, about a tenth of what humanity emits annually. 8. What did the researchers try to find out with the experiments? A. Why the autumn leaf-fail is becoming later. B. How CO2 and sunlight affect leaves' fall time. C. Whether leaves' fall time can be delayed artificially. D. What kind of trees can absorb most carbon dioxide. 9. What can be learned from the finding of the new study? A. Higher CO2 may quicken leaves' fall. B. Warmer autumns lead to leaves falling later. C. Leaves' falling earlier is beneficial to tourism. D. High temperature has nothing to do with leaf-off. 10. What did the previous studies overlook? 30 A. They didn't use the data provided by the studies before them. B. They knew too little about the physical structures of trees in autumn. C. They didn't give enough consideration to the carbon absorbed by trees. D. They provided trees with a set amount of carbon and nutrients each year. 11. Where is the text probably taken from? A. A social media platform. B. A travel brochure. C. A science magazine. D. A geography text book. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. C 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。几十年来,我们一直认为树木的生长季节在增加,秋天落叶的时间也在变晚, 但是新研究发现,随着树木生产力的提高,落叶树的树叶会更早凋落。 【8 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“They did two experiments to see the role played by CO2 and sunlight in the timing of leaves' fall, testing the impact of shade(他们做了两个实验来观察二氧化碳和阳光在树叶飘落的时间中所起的 作用,测试树荫的影响)”可知,实验的目的是为了查明二氧化碳和阳光在树叶掉落时间上的作用。故选 B。 【9 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Their experiments and the leaf data they used suggest that higher CO2 levels, temperatures or light levels are driving the leaves to be more productive in spring and summer, speeding their death in autumn.(他们的实验和他们使用的树叶数据表明,更高的二氧化碳水平、温度或光照水平促使树叶 在春季和夏季更多产,加速了它们在秋季的死亡)”可知,二氧化碳含量高会加快树叶的死亡。故选 A。 【10 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“Previous models did not include the amount of carbon a tree absorbs during a season.(以前的样本不包括一棵树在一个季节吸收的碳量)”可知,以前的研究没有考虑到一棵树在一个季 31 节里所吸收的二氧化碳的量。故选 C。 【11 题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知,本文讲述了研究发现落叶树每年吸收的碳一旦达到上限,就不能再吸收更多 的碳了,如今更高的二氧化碳水平、温度或光照水平促使树叶在春季和夏季更多产,加速了它们在秋季的 死亡。可知本文属于科学研究的新发现,所以本文可能摘自科学杂志。故选 C。 D I once asked people what it meant to be a good listener. The typical response was a blank stare. Of course, technology plays a role. People find phone calls interrupting them, preferring text or wordless emoji. Besides, schools and colleges rarely offer classes or activities that teach careful listening. The loud unpleasant mixture of sounds of modem life also stops us from listening. Generally, listening goes beyond simply hearing what people say. It also involves paying attention to how they say it and what they do while they are saying it, in what context, and how what they say is related to you. It's not about merely holding your peace while someone else holds forth. Quite the opposite. Good listeners ask good questions. They engage in exploring the topic, not to divert attention. There are curious questions like “Wouldn't you agree...?" or "Don't you think...?” These questions have strong tendencies. They will greatly influence the other person to change his or her view. And you'd better stay away from some personal questions like “What do you do for a living?" or "What part of town do you live in?” Just try to find out what excites people. Ask about the last movie they saw or for the story behind a piece of jewelry they're wearing. Also good are expansive questions, such as, “If you could spend a month, where would you go?” The reward of good listening will certainly be more interesting conversations. Researchers have found that attentive listeners receive more information from speakers, even when they don't ask any questions. We are, each of us, the sum of what we attend to in life. The gentle voice of a mother and the criticism of a boss both ultimately form and shape us. And to listen poorly, selectively or not at all limits your understanding of the world and prevents you from becoming the best you can be. 12. What's the main idea of paragraph 2? 32 A. The great influence of technology. B. The factors causing fewer good listeners. C. The lack of classes to teach listening. D. The two opposite sides of modem life. 13. Which question may a good listener ask? A. Isn't it wise to choose a foreign university? B. Are you satisfied with your present salary? C. How can you afford such a costly house? D. What do you think of Eminem's new song? 14. What does the author probably agree with as for listening? A. Asking adequate questions is necessary. B. Keeping silent is of greater benefit to both sides. C. Listening attentively will be rewarded a great deal. D. Listening selectively will bring limitless possibilities. 15. What can be the best title of the passage? A. The Art of Asking Questions B. Take Action Against Technology C. Bad Listening Leads to Failure D. Try to Be a Good Listener 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了好的倾听者越来越少的现象,好的倾听者的特征以及专心倾听带 来的好处。 33 【12 题详解】 主旨大意题。由第二段“Of course, technology plays a role. People find phone calls interrupting them, preferring text or wordless emoji. Besides, schools and colleges rarely offer classes or activities that teach careful listening. The loud unpleasant mixture of sounds of modem life also stops us from listening.(当然,技术也发挥了作用。人 们发现电话会打断他们,他们更喜欢文本或无言的表情符号。此外,学校和大学很少提供关于认真倾听的 课程或活动。现代生活中嘈杂刺耳的杂音也使我们无法聆听)”可知,这一段主要介绍了好的倾听者越来越 少的原因。故选 B。 【13 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知,好的倾听者不应该问有倾向性的问题或者涉及对方隐私的问题,而应 该问能让对方兴奋的问题或者是开放性的问题。所以“What do you think of Eminem's new song?(你觉得艾 米纳姆的新歌怎么样?)”符合好问题的标准。故选 D。 【14 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The reward of good listening will certainly be more interesting conversations.(好 的倾听的回报肯定是更有趣的对话)”可推断,作者认为认真倾听能带来好的回报。故选 C。 【15 题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了好的倾听者越来越少的现象,好的倾听者的特征以及专心倾 听带来的好处。所以“Try to Be a Good Listener(试着做一个好的倾听者)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选 D。 河南省焦作市普通高中 2020-2021 学年高二年级下学期期中考试英语试题 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分 40 分) 第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2 分,满分 30 分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将 该项涂黑。 A YMCA Camp Widjiwagan 34 3788 North Arm Rd Ely, MN 55731, USA Phone: 651-645-6605 High quality canoes and backpacking adventures and wilderness trips in the BWCAW, Quetico Provincial Park and in the finest wilderness areas throughout North America, “Widji” wilderness trips focus on respect and values that build skills for life as they develop an unparalleled relationship with the environment. Camp is open for all abilities and ages 10-17. Revolution Camp at St.Olaf College 1520 St Olaf Ave Northfield, MN 55057, USA Phone: 800-944-7112 St.Olaf is one of the top liberal arts colleges in the United States and is located just south of Minneapolis. Campers will train in softball on Mabel Shirley Field, home of St.Olaf softball. The field sits in short walking distance of the Tostrud and Skoglund Centers and will also have access to St.Olaf's swimming pool. Camp is open for all abilities and ages 7-16. Discovery Day Camp 8 Different Locations, Across Minnesota Fort Snelling, MN 55111, USA Phone: 612-261-2300 Discovery Day Camp is a week-long program (5 days) that is open to youth aged 8-17. Each day will be filled with activities such as swimming, hiking, climbing, archery, STEM activities, outdoor skills, crafts and more! All of the activities will be age-appropriate and guided by our well trained and enthusiastic staff. With multiple sessions offered at a variety of locations, you are sure to find something that will fit your busy schedule! PGA Junior Golf Camp at GolfTrack Academy at Hyland Greens 35 10100 Normandale Blvd Bloomington, MN 55437, USA Phone: 916-476-8132 PGA Junior Golf Camp—Full and half-day camps provide an excellent opportunity for youth of ages 12-19 and abilities to improve their technical skills, develop strong course management and learn golf in a fun, supportive and positive environment. Overnight camps for advanced players are held at nationally-acclaimed facilities and provide opportunities for serious game improvement. Every camp is designed to help your child become a leader on and off the course. 1. Which phone number can you dial if you want to learn softball skills? A. 651-645-6605. B. 800-944-7112. C. 612-261-2300. D. 916-476-8132. 2. What's special about Discovery Day Camp? A. It provides outdoor activities. B. It has enthusiastic workers. C. It runs in different places. D. It offers the longest programs. 3. Which one can 18-year-old Tom choose if he wants to take part in the camp? A. YMCA Camp Widjiwagan. B. Revolution Camp. C. Discovery Day Camp. D. PGA Junior Golf Camp. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D B A four-year-old girl stunned paleontologists after she found a perfectly-preserved dinosaur footprint that dates back 220 million years. Lily Wilder made the discovery on January 23 while walking along a beach in South Wales with her father and their dog.The family was on their way to the supermarket when Wilder saw the footprint imprinted on a rock. “It was on a low rock, shoulder height for Lily, and she just spotted it and said, ‘Look, Daddy,’” her mother, 36 Sally Wilder, said.“She is really excited but doesn't quite grasp how amazing it is.” At first, the family thought the print, which is just over 10 cm (4 inches) long, was scratched out on the rock by an artist.But mother Sally was aware that similar footprints had been found along that piece of the coast before, so she posted about their discovery on social media.“I found this fossil identification page on Facebook and I posted it on there and people went a bit crazy,” she told Wales Online. Shortly after, the National Museum of Wales got in touch with the Wilder family, and officials have since retrieved the print and put it in the museum. Experts believe the footprint was most likely left by a dinosaur that stood about 75 centimeters (29.5 inches) tall and 2.5 meters (about 8 feet) long and walked on its two hind feet.It is impossible to identify exactly what type of dinosaur left it, although experts typically classify the print as a Grallator. Welsh scientists are calling the girl's discovery “the finest impression of a 215 million-year-old dinosaur print found in Britain in a decade,” according to Wales Online. The family says their daughter's interest in dinosaurs has been inspired since the discovery and that she's been playing with a collection of dino toys and models.“If her name goes down as the finder in the museum, it could be her grandchildren going to visit that in the museum one day, and for years and years and generations to come, which is quite amazing,” mother Sally told Wales Online. 4. Why did Sally choose to post the print on Facebook? A. To honor an artist. B. To test her popularity. C. To make people crazy. D. To identify their discovery. 5. What does the underlined word “retrieved” in paragraph 5 probably mean? A. Divided. B. Repaired. C. Improved. D. Gained. 6. What can we know about the footprint? A. It was left by a young dinosaur. B. Its true maker is still unclear. C. Its finder will soon be forgotten. D. It was the finest ever found in a decade. 37 7. What influence does the discovery have on Lily Wilder? A. She likes walking along the beach. B. She often asks for toys and models. C. She has been attracted by dinosaurs. D. She likes drawing dinosaur footprints. 【答案】4. D 5. D 6. D 7. C C The Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins of Shark Bay in Western Australia have an unusual way of obtaining food. They drive fish into a large, empty marine gastropod shell. Then they carry the shell and captured(捕捉)fish up to the surface, and shake it upside down. Then, the fish go straight down into the dolphins' stomachs. It's called shelling, only the second tool use recorded among dolphins, and the first that dolphins have been seen learning from their friends, just like great apes. The dolphins were first observed using tools over 20 years ago, slipping sea sponges over their beaks(喙)to protect them as they searched for food. This behaviour is called sponging, and it allows the dolphins to access food in deeper water channels than non-sponging dolphins. Sponging is a skill passed down from mothers to daughters-a type of learning called vertical transmission. But there is another kind of learning, horizontal social transition, in which individuals pick up skills from their social peers-their friends. There are similarities between dolphin and great ape societies that have led scientists to believe that dolphins should be capable of horizontal leaning. Now a team of researchers led by behavioural ecologist Sonja Wild of the University of Konstanz in Germany has finally identified it. Their data comes from over a decade's worth of observations. Between 2007 and 2018, the researchers documented over 1.000 individual dolphins across nearly 5,300 encounters with the animals. They used genetic, behavioural and environment data to model the likely transmission pathways, and found 38 that shelling was likely spread among friends, rather than passed down from parents. This opens the door to a new understanding of how dolphins may be able to behaviourally adapt to changing environments. In 2011, a large marine heatwave destroyed the seagrass habitat of Shark Bay, in which the dolphins search for food. This resulted in a die-off of both fish and the invertebrates that live in the giant shells that the dolphins use for their fishing, and, afterwards there was an immediate increase in the dolphin's shelling behaviour. It's possible that both the decrease in fish and the increase in shells could have played a role in this uptick. 8. What is the second paragraph mainly about? A. The process of shelling. B. The importance of tool use. C. The eating habits of dolphins. D. The similarity between dolphins and apes. 9. What makes sponging different from shelling? A. It is used by most dolphins. B. It is a skill newer than shelling. C. It is passed down from mothers. D. It is helpful in searching for food. 10. What's a possible reason for the dolphin's shelling behaviour? A. It is easier than sponging. B. It is a tradition among them. C. Their food has become less. D. Their fishing tools are fewer. 11. What is the best title for the text? A. Shelling or Sponging, Dolphins Have the Final Say B. Dolphins Are Learning Tool Use from Their Friends C. Changing Environments Are Affecting Dolphins' Life D. The Second Tool Use Among Sea Animals Was Recorded 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. C 11. A 39 D Researchers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT) have grown wood-like structures from cells taken from the leaves of a flowering plant. The results were recently reported in a study. Velasquez-Garcia, the lead researcher, said the process is still in the early stage. But if it can be perfected, it could simplify and speed up the production of wood products. “The way we get these materials hasn't changed in centuries and is very inefficient,” Velasquez-Garcia said. For example, the current process of making a wooden table can take many years. First, a tree has to grow. Then, it must be cut down, transported, processed, etc. Velasquez-Garcia says lab-grown wood could combine all those steps into one. “you want a table, then you should just grow a table.” he said. The process is similar in some ways to lab-produced meat, which is grown from live animal cells. But in the wood experiment, the MIT team collected live cells from the leaves of a zinnia plant. The plant cells were then kept in an environment designed to support growth. Plant cells can become anything if they are induced to. The experiment was carried out indoors, without soil or sunlight. During the process, the researchers used a mixture of two plant hormones that helped the cells grow a thick, strong wood-like structure. With further study, the researchers say they could use the same process to grow wood in specific shapes, such as a table. Such a lab-based farming method “promises to improve yields while reducing plant waste and competition for arable land,” the research study states. David Stern is a plant biologist, who was not involved in the study. He said one big question is whether the technology can remain economically competitive since the method would require major financial and intellectual investments. And he said new issues would arise when parts of forestry and agriculture were brought into the lab. “Agriculture uses the sun's energy through photosynthesis, and…natural rainfall. It does not require buildings, heat, or artificial light,” Stern said. 12. What is the advantage of producing wood in the lab over traditional ways? A. Lower cost. B. Stronger structure. 40 C. More procedures. D. Higher productivity. 13. The author mentioned lab-produced meat to . A. stress the high popularity it enjoys B. help tell it from lab-produced wood C. explain the wood experiment more clearly D. provide another way of producing wood in the lab 14. What can we infer about the wood experiment? A. It requires no light. B. It failed eventually. C. It needs to be perfected. D. It produced no plant waste. 15. What is Stem's attitude towards the lab-based farming method? A. Cautious. B. Opposed. C. Uncaring. D. Favourable. 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. C 15. A

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