外研版book4unit5Chinese-cuisine课件

Business Meal Unit 5 Match the names of the meals to the pictures. Focus ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________business lunch snack at a fast food restaurant formal dinner TV dinner (BBQ) barbeque | business lunch | family dinner formal dinner | meal at a Chinese restaurant picnic |snack at a fast food restaurant | TV dinner P81 Focus ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________family dinner (BBQ) barbeque picnic meal at a Chinese restaurant Match the names of the meals to the pictures. (BBQ) barbeque | business lunch | family dinner formal dinner | meal at a Chinese restaurant picnic |snack at a fast food restaurant | TV dinner Chinese Cuisine Chinese Culinary Arts Local Cuisines in China Translation of Chinese Cuisine Listening Practice 1-3 Speaking Practice Listening Practice 4 Question: • Chinese cuisine • Turkish cuisine • French cuisine • what are the three systems of cuisines enjoying the greatest world popularity? A common saying: • There are three luxuries in one’s life: • An American house, • A Japanese wife & • Chinese food. • The criteria of being a good Chinese dish : • Color • Aroma / smell • Taste / flavor Four Aspects of Chinese Culinary Arts Cutting and garnishing Temperature Preparation of ingredients Cooking techniques Braised Pork in Brown Sauce • “Go slow with the flame, Go light with the water, When the cooking is done, The food will be fine.” • 净洗铛， 少着水， 柴头罨烟焰不起。 待他自熟莫催他， 火候足时他自美。 4. Cooking techniques • There are over 30 techniques in Chinese cuisine, including: • 1. Stir fry / Saute 炒：to cook sth. In hot fat for a short time. eg: Fried eggs 炒鸡蛋 Saute beef 炒牛肉 • 2. deep fry 炸: a cook food under the surface of hot fat or oil eg: Deep fried chicken wings 炸鸡翅 北京名菜：京酱肉丝北京烤鸭 • 3. roast 烤 eg: roasted Beijing duck roast lean pork • 4. braise 焖 eg: braised fish Japan style • 5. simmer / stew 炖、煨 eg: simmered pork in old fashion • 6. smoke 熏 eg: smoked dried meat 熏肉 海南名菜：和乐蟹 桂林名菜：荔浦芋头 Local Cuisines in China • Chinese food take in a local character because of the ingredients and cooking styles. • Chinese cuisines are categorized in many kinds. Such as , 鲁菜 • 川菜 • 苏菜 • 粤菜 • 闽菜 • 浙菜 • 湘菜 • 徽菜 • 京菜，etc. • Generally speaking, there are four basic local cuisines : Sichuan, Cantonese, Shandong, and Jiangsu cuisine. Sichuan Cuisine • Of the four major schools of China’s culinary art, Sichuan cuisine is perhaps the most popular. • One of the reasons for its fine cooking could be the fact that skillful chefs were taken to Sichuan by high officials sent by the central government during the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. Most of these chefs settled in Sichuan and developed new cooking styles based on Beijing cuisine. • It is well-known for its hot and pungent flavoring. 川菜. 夫妻肺片 Typical Dishes of Sichuan Cuisine 回锅肉宫保鸡丁 麻婆豆腐 酸菜鱼棒棒鸡灯影牛肉 担担面 剁椒胖鱼头 龙抄手 Cantonese Cuisine • Guandong cuisine, known as cantonese cuisine in the West, was developed in Guangdong, Huizhou and Chaozhou, and Hainan Island. • As the climate of Guangdong is hot, the dishes are fresh, tender, and lightly seasoned. • Guangdong cuisine has a greater variety of food than any other place in the world.---- “The two Guang eat practically everything in that walks on the ground, swims in the water and flies in the air except CAAC.” Typical Dishes of Guangdong Cuisine 红烧大鲍翅 龙虎凤蛇羹 脆皮乳猪 油包鲜虾仁 蚝油鲜菇 瓦掌山瑞 Shandong Cuisine • Shangdong cuisine is divided into two schools of cooking ---- the Jinan school and the Jiaodong school (Eastern Shandong Peninsula). • The former prides itself on its clear or milk-white soups, and the latter on its preparation of seafood. • The dishes are usually fresh, tasty, but greasy. • When meat or seafood is cooked, only small amounts of cooking oil and mild spices are used so that the natural flavor of the food is preserved. Typical Dishes of Shandong Cuisine 糖醋黄河鲤鱼 九转大肠 烤大虾 干蒸加吉鱼 油爆海螺 清汤燕窝 Jiangsu-zhejiang cuisine • The cuisine is popular in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and is characteristically sweet. • It this school of cuisine, chefs are known for their skills in handing the cleaver and their predilection for light coloring and flavor. Typical Dishes of Jiangsu Cuisine 牡蛎跑蛋 蜜汁灌藕 咸菜大汤黄鱼 冰糖甲鱼 龙井虾仁抢蟹 Translation of Chinese Cuisine • Significance: 英文菜单是中国饮食文化的名片; 但是中餐菜名翻 译难度很大 。 • Current situation: • 饭店英文菜单要么空缺；要么是Chinglish，其各式译本 “比中 国菜还要丰富” 。 • 很多人是慕中餐之名而来，但一张云山雾罩的菜单，足以让人 一头雾水，不知所措。如云吞，有饭店译成“吞下云彩”，鸡 蛋汤译成“日升洞庭湖”，口水鸡Slobbering Chicken，外国 人按字面意思会理解为“唾液鸡肉”。拔丝地瓜Wire pulling Sweet Potato，外国人不明白甜薯与正在拉起来的线有何关联。 More examples: • 生鱼块 Chop the strange fish（砍那些陌生的鱼） • 童子鸡 Chicken without sexual life（还没有性生活 的鸡） • 驴打滾 Rolling donkey（翻 滾的驴子） • 四喜丸子 Four glad meatballs（四个高兴的丸子） • 生鱼块 sashimi (sliced raw fish) • 童子鸡 pullet (spring chicken) • 驴打滾 soybean cake • 四喜丸子 meatballs Translation methods • Basic rules: • To translate the Chinese dishes appropriately, • First, we should show the main ingredients used and the main cooking techniques; • Then, the “color, flavor, taste”; • Lastly, if there are some history legends, we should introduce them to the guests concisely. 直译类： 1. 烹调法+主料名 • Smoked fish 熏鱼 • Steamed mandarin fish 清蒸桂鱼 2. 烹调法+主料+with+配料 • Fried winter mushroom with green cabbage 冬菇菜心 • Fried noodles with seafood 海鲜皇炒面 3. 烹调法+主料+with / in + 调料 • Fired sliced beef with tomato sauce 茄汁牛肉片 意译类： • 中式菜肴名称讲究典雅，富寓意，名 称具吉祥如意或艺术造型。 • 方法：舍形或舍音求意，将其原料和 烹调方法照实译出。 • eg: • 霸王别姬 • 蚂蚁上树 stewed turtle and chicken bean vermicelli with spicy meat sauce 直译+意译： • 表吉祥喜庆等典雅的行话隐语，对缺乏中国文化背景知识 的外国客人来说难以理解。 • 菜名的部份术语，择其“色、香、味、形” 的特点，将 术语所含寓意直译出来。 • eg: 三鲜汤 • 炒双冬 • 冬瓜云腿 • 七彩牛肉丝 soup with fish, shrimp and balled pork fried mushrooms and bamboo shoots fried sliced Yunan ham with white gourd sautéed shredded beef with assorted vegetables • 我国地域广阔，各地风俗不同，都有一些具地方特色的名 菜，译时可采用： • 1. 直译地名/人名+菜名 • 2. 菜名+ in …style • eg: 宋嫂鱼羹 • 蒙古烤肉 • 扬州炒饭 • 宫保鸡丁 sister Song’s fish potage Mongolian barbecue Yangzhou fried rice fried diced chicken in Sichuan style 菜名：红烧总理事务衙门 • 有些菜名，源于历史典故或民间传说，其名不反映菜肴原 料或方法，宜用直译+解释的方法。 • eg: 佛跳墙 fotiaoqiang (assorted meat and vegetables cooked in ember) Directions: Match the titles of the dishes with the pictures. chop suey |chow mein |dim sum |egg drop soup | egg foo young |fried rice |fried wontons |lo mein | moo shu pork |Peking duck |spring roll | wonton soup _____________ _____________ _____________Peking duck chop suey dim sum Working with words Task 1 Task 2 Task 3 P86 _____________ _____________ _____________egg foo young egg drop soup fried rice chop suey |chow mein |dim sum |egg drop soup | egg foo young |fried rice |fried wontons |lo mein | moo shu pork |Peking duck |spring roll | wonton soup Working with words Task 1 Task 2 Task 3 _____________ _____________ _____________fried wontons wonton soup lo mein chop suey |chow mein |dim sum |egg drop soup | egg foo young |fried rice |fried wontons |lo mein | moo shu pork |Peking duck |spring roll | wonton soup Working with words Task 1 Task 2 Task 3 _____________ _____________ _____________moo shu pork spring roll chow mein chop suey |chow mein |dim sum |egg drop soup | egg foo young |fried rice |fried wontons |lo mein | moo shu pork |Peking duck |spring roll | wonton soup Working with words Task 1 Task 2 Task 3 Listening 1 Listening 2 P87-88 At a Chinese restaurant Directions: Listen to this conversation in a restaurant in Beijing. Find out what the guests drink. Answers: __________________The guests drink tea. Listening Directions: Tick the correct answers. 1. What does the waiter say at the beginning? a. Are you ready to order? b. Do you want to order? c. What do you want to order? 2. What does the guest ask? a. Is lo mein good? b. Do you like lo mein? c. What is lo mein? Listening 1 Listening 2Listening 3. The guest says ... a. I don’t think moo shu pork sounds interesting. b. moo shu pork is interesting. c. moo shu pork sounds interesting. 4. The waiter explains what moo shu pork is. a. It is pork and vegetables served in a pancake. b. It is eggs served in a pancake. c. It is pork and eggs served in a pancake. Listening 1 Listening 2Listening 5. The guest wants to know ... a. if wonton soup has dumplings. b. what kind of soup wonton soup is. c. if wonton soup is kind. 6. The guest asks ... a. Is chow mein a noodle or a rice dish? b. Is chow mein a beef or a chicken dish? c. Is chow mein a duck or a chicken dish? Listening 1 Listening 2Listening 7. The waiter talks about the chow mein they serve in this restaurant. a. We serve it with shrimp. b. We serve it with beef. c. We serve it with chicken. 8. The waiter says ... a. Dim sum is for more than twenty people. b. Dim sum costs twenty dollars. c. Dim sum has more than twenty dishes. Listening 1 Listening 2Listening Listening 3 Listening 4 Listening 5 P91-92 At a Western restaurant Directions: Write the names of these dishes under the pictures. Listening _______________ _______________ _______________fish pie side salad steak steak |roast duck| chips| fish pie |pizza | side salad| cucumber salad | baked potato | tomato salad _______________ _______________ _______________baked potato cucumber salad roast duck Listening Listening 3 Listening 4 Listening 5 steak |roast duck| chips| fish pie |pizza | side salad| cucumber salad | baked potato | tomato salad _______________ _______________ _______________tomato salad pizza chips Listening Listening 3 Listening 4 Listening 5 steak |roast duck| chips| fish pie |pizza | side salad| cucumber salad | baked potato | tomato salad Right Wrong Not Mentioned 1. John wants fish pie. 2. The fish pie has a cheese topping. 3. Mary doesn’t like fish. 4. Mary orders steak and chips. 5. Mary would like her steak rare. Directions: Read the sentences and tick the correct column. √ √ √ √ √ Listening Listening 3 Listening 4 Listening 5 Right Wrong Not Mentioned 6. John orders a beer. 7. Mary orders a diet coke. 8. Mary only drinks diet coke. 9. John and Mary enjoyed their meal. 10. The restaurant does not take credit cards. 11. There is a cash machine inside the restaurant. 12. Mary goes to the cash machine to get money to pay. √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Listening Listening 3 Listening 4 Listening 5 Speaking Directions: Order a meal. P93-94 Speaking Work in groups of three and practice this dialogue. Speaking 餐厅用餐的对话 Waiter: Excuse me. Are you ready to order? / Excuse me. Would you like to order now? Customer1 :Yes, please. I’ d like to start with a Fresh Soup of the Day. Waiter : How about you, Sir? What would you like? Customer2 : Let me see, I’ d like the Bread Mushrooms for my Starter and a 16 oz T-Bone Steak. Waiter : Ok. How would you like it cooked? / Ok. How would you like your steak? Customer2 : Medium rare, please. Waiter： Ok. What would you like Madam? Customer1 :I’ d like the Pork Chop with Ham Salad, Waiter: Great. Would you like anything to drink as you wait? Customer2 : Oh, yes. A beer please. Customer1 : And I will have a glass of water, please. rare,一两分熟; medium rare 三四分熟; medium,五六分熟; medium well　七八分熟; well done九十分熟． Waiter： Ok. No problem. Water, a Fresh Soup of the Day and Pork Chop with Ham Salad, for Madam. Beer, Bread Mushrooms and a Medium 16 oz T-Bone Steak for gentleman. Is this right? Customer2 : I like medium rare steak, not medium. Waiter : I’m sorry for that. It’s a medium rare 16 oz T Bone Steak. Wouldn’t be long. Listening 3 Listening 4 Listening 5 P94-95 Listening Directions: Adam Smith and Wu Dong are having a working lunch at a restaurant in China. listen to their conversation and fill in the missing words. A working lunch Adam: This looks like a very nice place. Dong: Yes, it is one of my (1) ________________. I thought you might like it. Adam: Yes, the atmosphere is very (2) ________________. Err, could you order for both of us, please? Dong: Of course. I think we should have some (3) ___________ to start with. They do them very well here. Adam: OK. Sounds (4) ________________. Dong: And then I think we could have some (5) ____________. favourites friendly spring rolls good dim sum Listening Listening 3 Listening 4 Listening 5 Adam: What’s that? Dong: It’s small bite-sized or (6) ________________ portions of food traditionally served in small steamer (7) ___________ or on small plates. Look over there, that waiter has dim sum (8) _______________ on his trolley. He will come around and we can choose from his (9) ________________. Adam: That sounds really (10) ________________. Tell me, is that (11) ________________ that I see? Dong: Yes, they are really delicious, but you (12) __________ do not usually like them. individual baskets dishes selection interesting chicken feet westerners Listening Listening 3 Listening 4 Listening 5 Adam: If you say they are good, I might just (13) ____________ one. Could we have something to (14) ________________, a beer perhaps? Dong: We usually drink (15) ________________ with our food but you can have a (16) ________________ if you want. Adam: No, tea is fine, thanks. Dong: Right, tea it is, then. try drink green beer Listening Listening 3 Listening 4 Listening 5 Thank you! 佛跳墙的由来 • 佛跳墙，福州传统名菜，迄今有100多年历史，为聚春园菜馆老板郑春发研 创。1965年和1980年分别在广州南园和香港，以烹制佛跳墙为主的福州菜 引起轰动，在世界各地掀起了佛跳墙热。 • 佛跳墙还在接待西哈努克亲王、美国总统里根、英国女王伊丽莎白等国家元 首的国宴上登过席，深受赞赏，此菜因而更加闻名于世。 • 佛跳墙原名福寿全。光绪二十五年(1899年)，福州官钱局一官员宴请福建布 政使周莲，他为巴结周莲，令内眷亲自主厨，用绍兴酒坛装鸡、鸭、羊肉、 猪肚、鸽蛋及海产品等10多种原、辅料，煨制而成，取名福寿全。周莲尝 后，赞不绝口。后来，衙厨郑春发学成烹制此菜方法后加以改进，到郑春发 开设“聚春园”菜馆时，即以此菜轰动榕城。有一次，一批文人墨客来尝此 菜，当福寿全上席启坛时，荤香四溢，其中一秀才心醉神迷，触发诗兴，当 即漫声吟道：“坛启荤香飘四邻，佛闻弃禅跳墙来”。从此即改名为佛跳墙。 • 叫化鸡 beggar’s chicken (baked mud-coated chicken) 叫化鸡的由来 • 相传，很早以前，有一个叫化子，沿途讨饭流落到 常熟县的一个村庄。一日，他偶然得来一只鸡，欲 宰杀煮食，可既无炊具，又没调料。他来到虞山脚 下，将鸡杀死后去掉内脏，带毛涂上黄泥、柴草， 把涂好的鸡置火中煨烤，待泥干鸡熟，剥去泥壳， 鸡毛也随泥壳脱去，露出了的鸡肉。 • 约100多年以前，常熟县城西北虞山胜地的“山景 园”菜馆根据这个传说，去粗取精，精工效法创制 此鸡。 中国菜系的其它分类法 • 少数民族菜：清真菜、蒙古族菜、满族菜，等 • 药膳：食疗亦称饮食疗法，以中医理论为指导，通过平常饮食 防治疾病和养生保健的方法。 • 仿古风味菜肴： • 宫廷菜（御膳）---- 北京北海公园内的仿膳饭庄 & 颐和园内的 听鹂餐厅 • 孔府菜 ---- 山东济南和北京先后开办了孔膳堂饭庄 • 谭家菜（清末官僚宗浚家，广东南海） • 随园菜（清代官府菜，袁枚，号随园老人）---- 南京金陵饭店 • 素菜 • 宫廷素菜 • 寺观素菜 厦门南普陀寺、泉州开元寺、福州鼓山涌泉寺、杭州灵隐寺、 扬州大明寺、南京鸡鸣寺、成都宝光寺，以宗教名山如佛教 的峨嵋山、普陀山和首都的青城山 • 民间素菜 天津真素园、上海功德林、南京绿柳居、北京全素斋、广州 菜要香、西安素味香 半月沉江南普陀素菜： 罗汉斋 宫廷菜代表：满汉全席 • 集结大江南北风味、 赋予鲜明政治色彩、 带有繁文缛节的豪 华盛宴。 • 以满汉全席为代表 满汉全席 • （一）满汉全席简介： • 108道～满汉全席起兴于清代，是集满族与汉族菜点之精华而形 成的历史上最著名的中华大宴。乾隆甲申年间李斗所著《扬州书 舫录》中记有一份满汉全席食单: 　　满汉全席，分为六宴，均以清宫著名大宴命名。汇集满汉众 多名馔，择取时鲜海错，搜寻山珍异兽。全席计有冷荤热肴一百 九十六品，点心茶食一百二十四品，计肴馔三百二十品。合用全 套粉彩万寿餐具，配以银器，富贵华丽，用餐环境古雅庄隆。席 间专请名师奏古乐伴宴，沿典雅遗风，礼仪严谨庄重，承传统美 德，侍膳奉敬校宫廷之周，令客人留连忘返。 • （二）满汉全席演变过程 • 康熙二十三年（1684）：“满席”、“汉席”，朝廷礼食制度。 • 道光（1821－1850）中叶，合璧的“满汉席” • 光绪（1875－1908）中叶“满汉全席” 。 满汉全席八珍 • 山八珍：驼峰、熊掌、猴脑、猩唇、象拢、豹胎、 犀尾、鹿筋。 • 海八珍：燕窝、鱼翅、大乌参、鱼肚、鱼骨、鲍 鱼、海豹、狗鱼（大鲵）。 • 禽八珍：红燕、飞龙、鹌鹑、天鹅、鹧鸪、彩雀、 斑鸠、红头鹰。 • 草八珍：猴头、银耳、竹荪、驴窝菌、羊肚菌、 花菇、黄花菜、云香信。 课题： • 试析中西饮食文化差异及中餐菜名英译中 的几个问题 • 试论中西饮食文化差异对中国菜名英译的 影响 • 中西方饮食文化差异以及餐桌礼仪的对比 Listening 2 Waiter Are you ready to order? Guest 1 Well, we are not sure what some of the things on the menu are. What is lo mein? Waiter It is a noodle dish where the noodles are mixed with vegetables, meats, and a sauce. Guest 2 Moo shu pork sounds interesting. What is it? Waiter It is very good. It is pork and eggs served in a pancake. Guest 1 I see. And what kind of soup is wonton soup? Waiter It is soup with pork dumplings in it, also very good. Guest 2 Is chow mein a noodle or a rice dish? Waiter It is a noodle dish. We serve it with chicken. At a Chinese restaurant Guest 2 One more question, what have those waiters got on their trolleys? Every time that waitress goes past here, she has something different on it and I have watched her. Waiter That is dim sum. Basically it is a wide variety of dishes, usually more than twenty. Here we serve things like dumplings, spring rolls, chicken feet, noodle rolls, meatballs and lots more. You can choose from the trolley when it passes and you pay for what you eat. Guest 1 That sounds good. I’ll take that. Guest 2 Yes, me too. Waiter Right, that is dim sum for two. We serve it with tea, OK? Guests 1 and 2 Fine. At a Chinese restaurantListening 2 At a Western restaurant Waiter Are you ready to order yet? John I really can’t decide. What can you recommend? Waiter I can recommend today’s special. It is fish pie, that is fish topped with cheese with a side salad. John That sounds good. What about you, Mary? Mary I think I’ll have a steak with baked potatoes and a tomato and cucumber salad. Waiter How would you like your steak, madam? Mary Medium rare, please. Waiter Would you like anything to drink? John I’ll take a beer. Mary And I’d like a diet coke, please. Waiter Thank you. Listening 3 At a Western restaurant John Waiter, Could we have the bill, please? Waiter Certainly, sir. How was your meal? John The fish pie was a good choice. It was delicious. Mary Yes, and my steak was perfect, very tender and not tough at all, just as I like it. Waiter I’m happy to hear that. Your bill, sir. John Do you take credit cards? Waiter No, I’m sorry, we don’t. I’m afraid you can only pay cash. However, there is a cash machine just outside our restaurant. John Thank you. I’ll just go and get some cash. Listening 3 A working lunch Adam This looks like a very nice place. Dong Yes, it is one of my (1) favourites. I thought you might like it. Adam Yes, the atmosphere is very (2) friendly. Err, could you order for both of us, please? Dong Of course. I think we should have some (3) spring rolls to start with. They do them very well here. Adam OK. Sounds (4) good. Dong And then I think we could have some (5) dim sum. Adam What’s that? Dong It’s small bite-sized or (6) individual portions of food traditionally served in small steamer (7) baskets or on small plates. Look over there, that waiter has dim sum (8) dishes on his trolley. He will come around and we can choose from his (9) selection. Listening 4 A working lunch Adam That sounds really (10) interesting. Tell me, is that (11) chicken feet that I see? Dong Yes, they are really delicious, but you (12) westerners do not usually like them. Adam If you say they are good, I might just (13) try one. Could we have something to (14) drink, a beer perhaps? Dong We usually drink (15) green tea with our food but you can have a (16) beer if you want. Adam No, tea is fine, thanks. Dong Right, tea it is then. Listening 4