高一牛津英语(下) Unit1 A trip to the theatre
一、Words and expressions:
1.wonder/wonder
2. easy ease release
3. adopt/adapt/adjust/adept/gear/regulate(fit/match/suit)
4. alter alternation alternate alternative
5. “be+adj.+prep.” be shocked at, be afraid of,
二:Reading The Value of Teaching About Money
Personal finance is an increasingly complex world. There are more ways to invest money, more
ways to save it -- and more ways to lose it. Yet many people are more strangers to this world than
they might like to admit.
In the United States, there are growing calls to do more to help young people learn skills in
financial literacy. Some efforts begin in high school. But more and more information is available
on the Internet, not only for young people but also for adults. The goal is to teach about budgeting,
saving, investing and using money.
The United States Financial Literacy and Education Commission was established in two thousand
three. This government group supervises financial education efforts through nineteen federal
agencies.
Information on financial literacy and education can be found at its Web site. The address is
MyMoney.gov. It includes links to agencies that deal with banking, buying a home, investing and
other areas.
The National Council on Economic Education has found that seventeen states now require high
school students to take a class in economics. This number has grown from thirteen in nineteen
ninety-eight.
As of three years ago, half of all states required students to take a class in personal finance. Yet
that number has fallen, from twenty-five to twenty-two.
The National Council on Economic Education sells textbooks for grades four through twelve. It
also offers free materials for teachers. The information is available at ncee.net.
Teachers say parents also need to play a larger part in educating their children about money. A
recent study found that seventy percent of college students said they received financial advice
mainly from their parents.
Investment companies also offer information. Charles Schwab, for example, has a Web site to help
parents teach their kids about money and investing. The address is SchwabMoneyWise.com.
One of the first tastes of financial independence that many young people get is through summer
jobs. Junior Achievement is an organization that teaches young people about finance and business.
It says almost three-fourths of young people questioned said they planned to have a summer job.
Notes:
1.increasingly adv.日益, 越来越多地, 不断增加地
I find it increasingly difficult to live within my income.我发现靠收入过日子越来越难了。
Rivers are being increasingly made use of by man.河流正在日益为人类所利用。
2.literacy n.识字, 有文化, 会读写
I can't believe that he failed the literacy test.我无法相信他识字测试不及格。
3.available adj.可用的，现成可使用的，合用的，便于利用的，在手边的；适用于…的；可
得到的，可获得的；可达到的；近便的；便利的，便于使用的
My bicycle is not available, and it is being repaired.我的自行车现在不能用, 因为正在修理。
4.supervise vt.vi.监督, 管理
The group leader supervises a dozen workers.组长管十二个工人。
The architect supervised the building of the house.建筑工程师监督房子的施工。
5.require v.要求, 规定
The occasion requires formal dress.这场合要求穿礼服。
He required to see my passport.他要看我的护照。
6.mainly ad.主要地,大抵,大概
The campaign was financed mainly through voluntary.
竞选活动的资金主要是通过自愿捐助筹集的。
7.question vt.问(某人)问题; 正式提问; 质询; 问
I prefer questioning my pupils to lecturing them.我喜欢少讲课, 多提问我的学生。
The police questioned the witness.警察询问了证人。
8. Yet many people are more strangers to this world than they might like to admit.
yet 用作连词时，与 but 一样也主要用于转折，意为“但是”“而”：
I have failed, yet I shall try again. 我失败了，但我还要尝试。
The judge was stern, yet completely fair. 法官很严峻，却完全公正。
They are the same, yet not the same. 它们又一样，又不一样。
It is strange, yet it is true. 那真是怪事，然而却是事实。
I’ve been away only for three years, yet I can hardly recognize my hometown. 我仅在外三年，
可我几乎认不出我自己的故乡了。
He said he was our friend, yet he wouldn’t help us. 他说他是我们的朋友，但却不肯帮助我们。
有时用在句首。如：
Yet the house was cheerful. 但屋子里显得很欢快。
Yet its population has doubled. 但它的人口翻了一番。
9. As of three years ago, half of all states required students to take a class in personal finance.
as of 在……时，到……为止
As of now, they won't return my e-mails. 直至现在，他们还没有答复我的电子邮件。
10. One of the first tastes of financial independence that many young people get is through
summer jobs.
that many young people get 是定语从句，修饰 financial independence。
10. But more and more information is available on the Internet, not only for young people but also
for adults.
not only but also 和 as well as 的区别：
as well as 在意义上通常强调前者，而 not only …but also 在意义上则强调后者。例如：
He's got a car as well as a motorbike.
他不但有一辆摩托车，而且有一辆小汽车。
Language structions:
三:V-ing 分词的用法
1. -ing 分词的构成
-ing 分词是由动词原形加词尾-ing 构成。-ing 分词同样有时态和语态的变化，通常有下
表几种形式（以 do 为例）：
一般式
完成式
主动形式
doing
having done
被动形式
being done
having been done
-ing 分词的否定形式是由 not 加-ing 分词构成。如：
Not knowing his address, I could do nothing but stay at home and wait. 不知道他的地址，我
只好在家里等着。
His not coming made all of us angry. 他没来使我们大家都很生气。
2. -ing 分词的一般式和完成式：
-ing 分词的一般式表示和谓语动词所表示的动作同时进行的动作；完成式表示在谓语动
词所表示的动作之前发生的动作。如：
Being a student, he was interested in books. 作为一个学生，他对书本很感兴趣。
Not having studied his lessons very hard, he failed the examinations. 因为没有努力学习功
课，他考试不及格。
3. -ing 分词的被动式：
-ing 分词的被动式表示它的逻辑主语是-ing 分词动作的承受者。根据-ing 分词动作发生
的时间，-ing 分词的被动式有一般被动式(being done)和完成被动式(having been done)。如：
The question being discussed is very important. 正在被讨论的问题很重要。
He never talked about his having been interviewed by the reporter. 他从来没谈起过他被记
者采访的事情。
Having been criticized by the teacher, he gave up smoking. 被老师批评以后，他把烟戒了。
注意：在 need, want, require, be worth 等动词(短语)后，作宾语的-ing 分词常用主动形式
来表示被动含义。如：
Your shoes need cleaning. = Your shoes need to be cleaned. 你的鞋需要清洗一下了。
This book is well worth reading. 这本书很值得一看。
4. -ing 分词的语法作用
-ing 分词一方面具有动词的性质，另一方面也相当于一个名词或形容词、副词，在句中
可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补语等。
1)–ing 分词（短语）作主语：
Laying eggs is the ant queen‘‘s full-time job. 产卵是蚁后的专职工作。
Saying is easier than doing. 说比做容易。
在下面两种结构中，-ing 分词也作主语。
①为了保持句子平衡，通常用作形式主语，而把真实主语放在句末。如：
It is no use crying over spilt milk. 作无益的后悔是没有用的。
It‘‘s a waste of time arguing about it. 辩论这事是浪费时间。
②在 There is no 结构中，通常用-ing 分词。如：
There is no joking about such matters. 这种事开不得玩笑。
There is no holding back the wheel of history. 历史车轮不可阻挡。
2) -ing 分词（短语）作表语：
His hobby is collecting stamps. 他的爱好是收集邮票。
The problem is quite puzzling. 这个问题很令人困惑。
3) -ing 分词作宾语：
①–ing 分词作动词宾语。如：I suggest doing it in a different way. 我建议用另一种方法
做这件事。
We enjoy attending Miss Li‘‘s class. 我们喜欢听李老师的课。
②-ing 分词作宾语也可用在复合宾语中作真正的宾语，而用 it 作形式宾语。如：
I don’t think it possible living in such a cold place. 我认为住在这么寒冷的地方是不可能
的。
Do you consider it any good trying again? 你觉得再试一次会有好处吗？
③-ing 分词作介词宾语，经常用在一些短语的后面。如：
I‘‘m against inviting him to dinner. 我反对邀请他来吃饭。
They don’t feel like walking that much. 他们不喜欢走那么多路。
He went to London in the hope of being a famous painter. 他去了伦敦，希望能成为一个著
名的画家。
此类短语还有很多。如：look forward to（渴望，盼望）, be proud of（以……自豪）, be
responsible for（对……负责）, insist on（坚持）, think of（考虑，想到）, dream of（梦想）,
object to（反对，抗议）, hear of（听说）, prevent…from（防止，阻止）, keep…from（防止，
阻止）, stop…from（防止，阻止）, be engaged in（从事于）, depend on（依靠，依赖）, thank…
for（因……而道谢）, excuse…for（因……而道歉）, aim at（目的在于）, devote…to（献身
于）, set about（着手做）, be/get used to（习惯于）, be fond of（喜欢）, be afraid of（害怕）,
be tired of（对……厌烦）, succeed in（成功地做……）, be interested in（对……感兴趣）, be
ashamed of（对……感到羞愧）等等。
注意：在有些句子中，介词常可省去。如：
I have no difficulty (in) communicating with foreigners. 我在和外国人交谈方面没有什么
困难。
He used to spend a lot of time (in) playing games. 过去他常花很多时间玩游戏。
What can prevent us (from) getting married? 有什么能阻止我们结婚？
另外，-ing 分词可以和一些介词如 in, on, after, against, before, by, for, without, besides 等
构成短语，在句中作状语。如：
He left ahead of time without saying a word. 他一句话也没说就提前离开了。
Besides cooking and sewing, she had to take care of four children. 除了做饭和缝纫以外，她
还要照顾四个孩子。
On hearing the news, all the pupils jumped with joy. 听到这个消息后，所有的学生都高兴
得跳了起来。
4) -ing 分词作定语：
①单个的分词作定语一般放在被修饰词的前面。如：
reading room 阅览室 swimming pool 游泳池 dining car 餐车 sleeping car 卧车 singing
competition 歌咏比赛 waiting room 候车室 a waiting car 一辆等待着的车 a sleeping child
一个酣睡的孩子 flying fish 飞鱼 the exciting news 令人振奋的消息 a boring speech 令人乏
味的演出
②-ing 分词短语作定语应放在被修饰词的后面，也相当于一个定语从句。如：
Who is the comrade standing by the door? 站在门边的同志是谁？
They lived in a house facing south. 他们住在一所朝南的房子里。
③–ing 分词还可以作非限制性定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，常用逗号和句子
其它部分分开。如:
The words, usually dealing with current work, were mostly written by himself. 歌词一般讲
当前的工作，大部分是他自己写的。
When she appeared, John, wearing a dirty and worn-out overcoat, ran to her with joy. 当她
出现的时候，约翰穿着一件又脏又破的大衣高兴地跑了过去。
5) -ing 分词做状语：
-ing 分词作状语可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。
①-ing 分词短语作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句，有时可由连词 when, while 引
出。如：
While reading the book, he nodded from time to time. 他一边看书，一边不时地点头。
Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood. 看到那些画，他想起了她的童年。
②-ing 分词短语作原因状语，相当于一个原因状语从句。如：
Not knowing his address, I can’t send this book to him. 因为不知道他的地址，我不能把
这本书送给他。
Many of us, being so excited, couldn’t go to sleep that night. 因为非常激动，那晚我们许
多人都没睡着。
③–ing 分词短语作结果状语。如：
His father died, leaving him a lot of money. 他父亲死了，留给他许多钱。
She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground, breaking it into pieces. 她非常生气，
把玩具扔在地上，把它摔成了碎片。
④-ing 分词作伴随状语，可以放在句子的前面、后面或中间，表示主语的另一个、较次
要的动作。如：
They stood there for half an hour watching the stars in the sky. 他们在那儿站了半小时，观
察着天上的星星。
Following the old man, the young people started walking slowly. 年轻人跟在老人的后面开
始慢慢地走起来。
⑤-ing 分词间或也可作条件状语和让步状语，相当于一个状语从句。如：
A person standing at the foot of a high mountain will find himself very small. 一个人如站在
大山的脚下会发现自己很渺小。
Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage. 尽管知道了一切情况，他们还是要我
赔偿损失。
注：-ing 分词作状语时，它的逻辑主语就是整个句子的主语。
⑥“with/without+名词普通格或代词宾格+-ing 分词”结构在句中作状语，表示伴随情
况或时间、原因等。如：
His hair became grey with the years passing. 随着时间的推移，他的头发变花白了。
Without anyone noticing, he slipped through the window. 没人注意，他从窗户溜了出去。
6) -ing 分词作补语：
①--ing 分词可以在 see, hear, notice, watch, feel, look at, listen to, observe, have, get, leave,
keep, set, catch, find 等动词后面和一个名词或代词构成一个复合宾语，作宾语补语。如：
I noticed a man running out of the bank when I got off the car. 我下车的时候注意到一个男
人匆匆忙忙地从银行里跑出来。
Last night the shopkeeper caught a child stealing some food in the shop. 昨晚，店主在
商店里抓到一个小孩在偷东西。
②上面这类句子也可变成被动语态，这时，-ing 分词可看成是主语补语。如：
We were kept waiting for quite a long time. 让我们等了好长时间。
Jily was never heard singing that song again. 人们再也没有听到吉丽唱这首歌了。
5. -ing 分词的复合结构：
-ing 分词的复合结构通常由物主代词、人称代词宾格、名词所有格或者名词的普通格
+-ing 分词构成，在句子开头时必须用物主代词和名词所有格，通常在句中作主语和宾语。
如：
His coming made us very happy. 他的到来使我们大家都很高。
He was awakened by someone’s knocking at the door. 他被某人的敲门声吵醒了。
1). –ing 分词作主语和表语时与不定式的区别：
-ing 分词和动词不定式作主语和表语的主要区别在于：在表示比较抽象的一般的多次性
行为时多用-ing 分词；在表示具体的或一次性的动作，特别是将来的动作时，多用不定式。
如：
Smoking is forbidden here. （泛指吸烟）这里禁止吸烟。
It’s not good for you to smoke so much. （指你吸烟）吸这么多烟对你的身体不好。
My job is teaching. 我的工作是教书。
My job is to teach you English this term. 我这一学期的工作是教你们英语。
2). 高中阶段能接-ing 分词作宾语的常见动词：
mind（介意）, suggest（建议）, enjoy（欣赏，）, admit（承认）, appreciate（感激，欣
赏）, avoid（避免）, delay（推迟）, dislike（不喜欢，厌恶）, escape（逃脱）, finish（完成）,
forgive（宽恕）, imagine（想象）, keep（保持）, miss（错过）, practise（训练）, resist（抵
抗，抵制）, risk（冒险）, deny（拒绝，否认）, consider（考虑）等。
3). 有些动词既能接不定式，又能接-ing 分词，含义有所不同。如：
①forget, remember, regret 等词后面接不定式表示不定式动作后于谓语动作，而后接-ing
分词作宾语表示分词动作先于谓语动作。如：
Do you remember seeing me before? 你记得以前见过我吗？
Remember to lock the door when you leave. 离开时要记得锁门。
②动词 mean, stop, try, go on 等动词后面接分词和接不定式作宾语，意思也有所不同。
如：
I try not to think about that. 我尽量不去想那件事。
Would you please try doing that again? 请你再试一次好吗？
I mean to change it for another one. 我想换成另外一个。
Missing the train means waiting for another hour. 误了这班车就意味着再等一个小时。
Having finished the exercises, we went on to learn the new words in the next unit.
做完练习以后，我们继续学习下一单元的单词。
After a short rest, they went on working. 短暂地休息以后，他们又继续工作。
He stopped talking when the bell rang. 铃响的时候，他停止了讲话。
While working, he stopped to talk with Tom at times. 工作的时候，他不时地停下来和汤姆
谈话。
注意：有时人们把 stop 后的动词不定式理解为目的状语。
③动词 allow, advise, forbid, permit 等可直接跟-ing 分词作宾语，不可以接动词不定式作
宾语，但可接不定式作宾语补语。如：
Please permit me to say a few words. 请允许我说几句话。
We don’t permit smoking here. 我们这儿不允许吸烟。
④动词 need, require, want 作“需要”解时，后面接-ing 分词或不定式的被动式。如：
The room wants cleaning/to be cleaned. 这个房间需要打扫。
These little children require looking after carefully/to be looked after carefully.
这些小孩需要细心地照料。
⑤动词 like, hate, prefer 等后面，如表示一般性动作，多用-ing 分词；如指特定的具体的
某次动作，多用不定式。如：
I like swimming, but I don’t like to swim with you. 我喜欢游泳，但我不喜欢和你一起游
泳。
I prefer walking to school every day. 我情愿每天步行去学校。
I prefer to stay at home today. 今天我情愿呆在家里。
⑥动词 begin, start 后面，如表示有意识地开始做某事，常用-ing 分词，否则用不定式更
多一些。如：
We began to do that job last year. 我们去年开始做那工作的。
They started talking about the film at once. 他们立刻开始谈论那部电影。
注：下面几种情况多用不定式作宾语：
a. 当 start, begin 本身用于进行时态时。
When the teacher came into the room, he was starting to write to his parents.
老师走进教室的时候，他正开始写信给他的父母亲。
b. 当 start, begin 后接表示心理活动的动词时。
Hearing the news, he started to think of a good way to solve the problem. 一听到消息，他就
开始考虑一个好办法来解决这个问题。
c. 当句子的主语是无生命的东西时。
We were about to leave when it began to rain. 我们正准备离开，天开始下雨了。
4). -ing 分词作表语的两种不同含义：
①-ing 分词作表语可以表示主语的内容是什么。如：
Their job is building houses. 他们的工作是盖房子。
The real question is getting to know the needs of the people. 真正的问题是了解人民的需
要。
②-ing 分词作表语还可以表示主语所具有的特征。如：
This story is very interesting. 这故事很有趣。
The problem is quite puzzling. 这个问题很令人困惑。
5). ①–ing 分词作定语可用来说明被修饰的名词的用途和性能。如：
reading material 阅读材料 walking stick 手杖 fishing pole 鱼杆
flying suit 飞行服 writing table 写字台 listening practice 听力训练
②-ing 分词作定语还可以表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意思上接近一个定语从
句，可以表示正在进行的动作，也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。如：
developing countries = countries that are developing 发展中国家
a growing city = a city that is growing 发展着的城市
an ordinary-looking house = a house that looks ordinary 看起来很普通的房子
a touching story = a story that is touching 一个动人的故事
working people= people who are working 劳动人民
6. 不定式和-ing 分词作宾语补语的区别：
在 see, hear, feel, watch, notice 等感官动词后，既可用-ing 分词构成复合宾语，也可用不
定式构成复合宾语，两者之间有一定的区别。用-ing 分词时，表示动作正在进行；用不定式
时，表示动作发生了，即动作的全过程结束了。如：
Do you hear someone knocking at the door? (Someone is knocking at the door.) 有人在敲门
你听见了吗？
Do you hear someone knock at the door? (Someone knocked at the door just now.) 你听见
有人敲门了吗？
7. 高中阶段常见的带介词 to 的短语，后接-ing 分词或名词。如：
admit to（承认）, contribute to（捐助、贡献）, get down to（着手做）, give way to（让
位于），keep to （坚持、遵守）, lead to （导致）,look forward to（期待）, take to（从事）, turn
to （求助于）, stick to（忠于、坚持）, point to（指向、表明）, see to （注意、处理）, be used
to（习惯于）, devote oneself to（献身于）, be equal to（胜任的、等于）, be familiar to（为……
熟悉）.
高中阶段有一些固定的-ing 分词短语，如 generally speaking（一般来说）, judging from…
（根据……来判断）, considering…（考虑到……）, talking of…（谈到……，提到……）,
supposing…（假如……）等，它们的逻辑主语和句子的主语不一致。这种短语可以被称之
为句子的状语，也可当作一个插入语。如：
Judging from his accent, he must come from Canada. 从他的口音看他一定来自加拿大。
Considering how poor he was, we decided to let him attend the concert for free. 考虑到他是多么
的穷，我们决定让他免费听音乐会。
注意: 现在分词和动名词用法比较
动词的-ing 形式包括现在分词和动名词两种形式。他们的句法功能如下：
从上表可以看出：动词的-ing 形式如果作句子的主语或者宾语时，应该是动名词形式；如果
作补语或者状语时，应该是现在分词形式。那么作表语或者定语的动名词和现在分词又该怎
样区分呢？
I．动名词与现在分词作表语时的比较
1．动名词作表语说明主语的内容，回答 what 的问题；现在分词作表语相当于形容词作表
语，说明主语的性质、特征等，回答 how 的问题。如：
①One of the best exercises is swimming．游泳是最好的运动项目之一。
②What pleases him most is bathing in the sea．最使他高兴的事是在海中沐浴。
③The situation both at home and abroad is very in- spiring．国内外的形势都很鼓舞人心。
④The color is pleasing to the eye．颜色悦目。
2．动名词作表语，表语和主语几乎处于同等地位，可以互换位置，其句意不变；现在分词
作表语，表语和主语则不能互换位置。如：
①Our work is serving the people．（＝Serving the people is our work．）我们的工作是为人民服
务。
②The news was disappointing．那消息令人失望。
3．作表语的现在分词前可以用 very，quite，rather， greatly 等副词修饰，而动名词则不可
以。如：
①What he said was very encouraging．他的话很鼓舞人心。
②Our goal is realizing the four modernizations in the near future．我们的目标是在不久的将来
实现四个现代化。
4．现在分词与形容词一样可以和 more，the most 构成形容词的比较级和最高级，而动名词
则不可以。如：
The story is the most fascinating．那个故事最迷人。
5．作表语用的现在分词除了和 be 连用以外，还可以和其它的系动词连用；而作表语的动名
词则通常只能和 be 连用。如：
① His speech seems inspiring．他的演讲似乎很鼓舞人心。
②His interest is writing for the newspapers．他的爱好是给报社写文章。
6．有些用作表语的现在分词已经形容词化了。常见的有：exciting，moving，inspiring，missing，
interesting， disappointing 等。
7. 动名词与现在分词作定语时的比较
1．动名词作定语时，表示它所修饰的名词的性能和用途，和它所修饰的名词在逻辑上没有
主谓关系；现在分词作定语时，表示它所修饰的名词正在进行的动作，和它所修饰的名词在
逻辑上有主谓关系，常可以扩展成一个定语从句。如：
a swimming girl ＝a girl who is swimming 一个在游泳的姑娘
a walking stick ＝a stick that is used for walking 一根拐杖
2．现在分词作定语有时可以后置，而动名词则通常只能放在它所修饰的名词之前。如：
①The girl wearing glasses is one of his students．戴眼镜的那个女孩是他的一个学生。
②I bought some reading materials．我买了一些阅读材料。
强化练习：
1. The officers narrowly escaped ___________in the hot battle.
A. have killed B. to kill C. to be killed D. being killed
2.___________ the letter, he went out to post it.
A. Writing B. Being writing C. Having written D. Written
3. Don‘‘t you remember ___________ ?
A. seeing the man before B. to see the man before C. saw the man before D.
to have seen the man before
4. People couldn‘‘t help ___________ the foolish emperor in the procession.
A. laugh at B. to laugh at C. laughing at D. laughing on
5. We‘re looking forward ___________ the photo exhibition.
A. to visiting B. to visit C. to having visited D. visiting
6. The girl ___________ under that tree is my sister.
A. sitting B. sits C. is sitting D. sat
7. This sentence needs ___________ .
A. a improvement B. improve C. improving D. improved
8. ___________ anything about the accident, he went to work as usual..
A. Not known B. Known not C. Knowing not D. Not knowing
9. The next morning she found the man ___________ in bed, dead.
A. lying B. lie C. lay D. laying
10. There was terrible noise ___________ the sudden burst of light.
A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed
11. The secretary worked late into the night, ___________ a long speech for the president.
A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing
12. "Can‘‘t you read?" Mary said ___________ to the notice.
A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily C. angrily pointed D. and angrily
pointing
13. How about two of us ___________ a walk down the garden?
A. to take B. take C. taking D. to be taking
14. ---I must apologize for ___________ahead of time. ---That‘s all right.
A. letting you not know B. not letting you know C. letting you know not D.
letting not you know
15. ---You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting. ---Well, now I regret
___________ that.
A. to do B. to be doing C. to have done D. having done
16. Would you ___________ me your identification card, sir?
A. mind to show B. mind showing C. trouble to show D. trouble showing
17. He suggested ___________ on Saturday.
A. to have a meeting B. having a meeting C. a meeting to have D. that
having a meeting
18. It is no good ___________ to come now. He is busy.
A. if you ask him B. to ask him C. asking him D. that you ask him
19. Although punctual himself, the professor was quite used ___________ late for his lecture.
A. to have students B. for students to be C. for students‘ being D. to
students‘ being
20. He dressed himself quickly and ___________ his schoolbag, went to school.
A. carried B. to carry C. carrying D. carries
21. ___________ for several weeks, the city needed food.
A. As having flooded B. being flooded C. Having been flooded D. To flood
22. ___________ ill worried my parents greatly.
A. I fell B. Me falling C. My falling D. I falling
23. She is writing a letter to a friend of hers, ___________ him to attend the meeting.
A. having invited B. inviting C. to invite D. invited
24. Our town has dozens of factories, ___________several saw mills.
A. included B. are including C. are included D. including
25. ___________ the classroom, the students went to the playground to watch the football match.
A. To clean B. Having cleaned C. Cleaned D. Cleaning
1-5DCACD 6---10 ACDAB 11---15BACBD 16---20BBCDC 21---25 CCBDB
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