高考英语短文故事精读与语法填空训练（十）（部分答案）

2021 高考英语短文故事精读与语法填空训练（十） 一：语法填空训练 Too high a price? 代价太高？ Pollution is the price we pay for an overpopulated, over industrialized planet. When you come to think about it, there are only four ways you can deal rubbish: dump it, burn it, turn it into something you can use again, attempt to produce less of it. We keep trying all four (method), but he sheer volume of rubbish we produce worldwide threatens to overwhelm us. Rubbish, however, is only part of the problem of polluting our planet. The need to produce ever-increasing (quantity)of cheap food leads to a different kind of pollution. Industrialized farming methods produce cheap meat products: beef, pork and chicken. The use of pesticides and fertilizers produces cheap grain and vegetables. The price we pay cheap food may be already too high: Mad Cow Disease (BSE) in cattle, salmonella in chicken and eggs, and wisteria in dairy products. And if you think you'll abandon meat and become a vegetarian, you have the (choose)of very expensive organically-grown vegetables or a steady diet of pesticides every time you think you're eating fresh salads and vegetables, or just having an innocent glass of water! However, there is an even more insidious kind of pollution that particularly affects urban (area) and invades our daily lives, and that is noise. Burglar alarms going off at any time of the day or night serve only to annoy passers-by and actually assist burglars to burgle. Car alarms (consist) scream at us in the street and are a source of profound irritation. A recent survey of the effects of noise revealed (surprisingly?) that dogs barking incessantly in the night rated the highest form of noise (pollute) on a scale ranging from 1 to 7. The survey revealed a large number of sources of noise that we really dislike. Lawn mowers whining on a summer's day, late-night parties in apartment blocks, noisy neighbors, vehicles of al kinds, especially large container trucks thundering through quiet village, planes and helicopters flying overhead, large radios carried round in public places and played at maximum volume. New technology has also made its own contribution to noise. A lot of people object to mobile phones, (especial)when they are used in public places like restaurants or on public transport. Loud conversations on mobile phones invade our thoughts or interrupt the (please) of meeting friends for a quiet chat. The noise pollution survey revealed a rather spurring and possibly amusing old fashioned source of noise. It turned out to be snoring! Men were found to be the worst offenders. It was revealed that 20% of men in their mid-thirties snore. This figure rises to a staggering 60% of men in their sixties. Against these figures, it was found only 5% of women snore regularly, while the rest are constantly woken or kept awake by their trumpeting partners. Whatever the source of noise, one thing is certain: (silent), it seems, has become a golden memory. 二：词句短语长难句释义 Too high a price? 代价太高？ Pollution is the price we paypay forfor an overpopulated, over industrialized planet. When you comecome toto thinkthink aboutabout it, there are only four ways you can dealdeal withwith rubbish: dump it, burn it, turn it into something you can use again, attemptattempt toto produce less of it. We keepkeep tryingtrying all four methods, but he sheersheer volumevolume of rubbish we produce worldwide threatensthreatens toto overwhelmoverwhelm usus. Rubbish, however, is only part of the problem of polluting our planet. The need to produce ever-increasing quantities of cheap food leadsleads toto a different kind of pollution. Industrialized farming methods produce cheap meat products: beef, pork and chicken. The use of pesticides and fertilizers produces cheap grain and vegetables. The price we pay for cheap food may be already too high: Mad Cow Disease (BSE) in cattle, salmonella in chicken and eggs, and wisteria in dairy products. And if you think you'll abandon meat and become a vegetarian, you have the choicechoice ofof very expensive organically-grownorganically-grown vegetablesvegetables or a steady diet of pesticides every time you think you're eating fresh salads and vegetables, or just having an innocentinnocent glassglass ofof waterwater! However, there is an eveneven moremore insidious kind of pollution that particularly affects urban areas and invades our daily lives, and that is noise. Burglar alarms goinggoing offoff atat anyany timetime of the day or night serve only to annoy passers-by and actually assist burglars to burgle. Car alarms constantly screamscream atat us in the street and are a source of profound irritation. A recent survey of the effects of noise revealed (surprisingly?) that dogs barking incessantly in the night rated the highest form of noise pollution on a scale rangingranging fromfrom 11 toto 77. The survey revealed aa largelarge numbernumber ofof sources of noise that we really dislike. LawnLawn mowersmowers whining on a summer's day, late-night parties in apartment blocks, noisy neighbors, vehicles of al kinds, especially large containercontainer truckstrucks thundering through quiet village, planes and helicopters flying overhead, large radios carried round in public places and played at maximum volume. New technology has also mademade itsits ownown contributioncontribution toto noise. A lot of people objectobject toto mobile phones, especially when they are used inin publicpublic placesplaces like restaurants or on public transport. Loud conversations on mobile phones invade our thoughts or interrupt the pleasure of meeting friends for a quiet chat. The noise pollution survey revealed a rather spurring and possibly amusing old fashioned source of noise. It turnedturned outout toto bebe snoring! Men were found to be the worst offenders. It was revealed that 20% of men in their mid-thirties snore. This figure risesrises toto a staggering 60% of men in their sixties. AgainstAgainst thesethese figuresfigures, it was found that only 5% of women snore regularly, while the rest are constantly woken or keptkept awakeawake by their trumpeting partners. Whatever the source of noise, one thing is certain: silence, it seems, has become a golden memory. 1：将标记的词汇短语释义 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 2：长难句分析释义 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 三：文意梳理 污染就是我们为这个人口过密，过度工业化的星球所付出的代价。当我们开 始考虑垃圾问题时，我们只有 4 种对付垃圾的方法：倾倒、焚烧、把垃圾变成再 生材料或试图少产生一些垃圾。我们一直在试这 4 种方式，但是，我们在世界范 围内仅产生的垃圾的量就有把我们覆盖的危险。 然而，垃圾只是我们这个星球的污染问题的一个方面。日益增长的对廉价食 物的需求导致了另一种形式的污染。工业化的农作方式生产出廉价的肉类制品— —牛肉、猪肉和鸡肉。使用杀虫剂和化肥生产出廉价的谷物和蔬菜。为了廉价食 物我们付出代价已经太高了：牛肉中的疯牛病，鸡肉和鸡蛋中的沙门氏菌，奶制 品中的利斯特杆菌。如果你想放弃肉类而变成一位素食者，那么你可以两者择一： 或是选用价格昂贵、有机培植的蔬菜，或是当你认为在享用新鲜色拉和新鲜蔬菜 或饮用一杯无害的水的时候，实际上每次都不断吃进杀虫剂。 但是，还有一种更加隐蔽有害的污染，它专门影响城镇地区，侵袭我们的日 常生活，那就是噪音。防盗警报器在白天和黑夜的任何时候都会响起来，它的作 用只是骚扰过路行人，而实际上却帮助窃贼入室行窃。在街上，汽车的防盗警报 不断对我们吼叫，这是人们极度烦燥的一个原因，最近一个有关噪音的作用的调 查（令人吃惊地）指出，夜间连续不断的狗叫声，在一个从 1 级至 7 级刻度表上 应列为最严重的噪间污染。这个调查揭示了我们所不喜欢的大量的噪间的来源： 夏天呜呜作响的割草机，公寓楼里深夜聚会的喧哗声，大声吵闹的邻居，各式各 样的车辆，特别是穿越寂静的村庄的集装箱卡车，从头顶飞过的飞机和直升机， 被带到公共场所、音量开到最大的大功率收音机。新技术也为噪音作了它的贡献。 许多人都反对移动式电话，特别是在如饭店，公共交通车等公共场所使用移动电 话。用移动电话大声交谈干扰我们的思路，破坏我们和朋友在一起轻声聊天所得 到的乐趣。这个有关噪音的污染调查还揭示了一种出人意外而同时可能会引人意 外而同时可能会引人发笑的老式噪音源。它竟然是鼾声。人类是这方面的罪魁祸 首。调查指出，20%的 35 岁左右的男人打鼾；而到 60 岁这个年龄段，这个数字 上升到令人惊愕的 60%。与这些数字相比，只有 5% 的女性经常打鼾；而其余则 经常被与她们同睡、像吹号似地打着呼噜的男人吵醒或弄得睡不着。不管噪声来 自何方，有一点是肯定的：看来寂静已变成一种珍贵的回忆。 四：语法填空练习 It’s almost a common belief that the best food you can find in a place is not in the fancy restaurants, 1 in the backstreets.These spots are usually away from popular tourist attractions,which means that to find them you’ll need the spirit of an explorer. That’s 2 I came across roujiamo when I was exploring Beijing.I found 3 restaurant that sold dishes from Xi’an when I explored the area around 4 (I) office one day.I decided to try it out. My roujiamo 5 (make) fresh,so the bread was still warm.It was soft when I bit into it,and the meat inside was delicious and tender.In fact,I enjoyed it so much that I ordered more to take home with me.Though it’s just a snack,it’s still quite filling and can 6 (easy) satisfy your appetite. There are a 7 (various) of things you can put inside the “mo”,as the bread is called.For example,in certain areas in Xi’an,the meat 8 (use) is usually beef,but in Gansu Province,mutton is more common.And the first roujiamo that I tried 9 (make) with pork.However it’s made,it’s still a tasty snack.And for an American like me who grew up 10 (eat) hamburgers,it’s a perfect combination of East and West. 1.but 考查连词。此处是“not...,but...”结构,意为“不是……,而是……”。 2.how 考查名词性从句。所填的词引导表语从句,在从句中表示方式,所以填 how。 3.a 考查冠词。此处泛指一家餐馆,所以填 a。 4.my 考查代词。所填的词修饰 office,所以用形容词性物主代词。 5.was made 考查时态和语态。My roujiamo 和 make 是动宾关系,此处介绍 的是过去发生的事情,所以用一般过去时的被动语态。 6.easily 考查副词。所填的词修饰动词 satisfy,所以用副词。 7.variety 考查固定搭配。a variety of“各种各样的”,是固定搭配。8.used 考 查非谓语动词。meat 和 use 是逻辑上的动宾关系,所以用动词-ed 形式作定语。 9.was made 考查时态和语态。由空格前面的 tried 可知,描述的是过去发生 的事情,故用一般过去时;肉夹馍是被制作,故用被动语诚。故填 was made。 10.eating 考查非谓语动词。此处用动词-ing 形式作伴随状语。