1. ________ n. 云
→ ________ adj. 多云的
2. _________ v. 下雨 n. 雨水
→ _______ adj. 阴雨的; 多雨的
3. ________ n. 风
→ ________ adj. 多风的
（一）单词
cloud
rain
wind
cloudy
rainy
windy
4. ________ n. 太阳
→ ________ adj. 晴朗的
5. _________ v. 下雪 n. 雪
→ _______ adj. 下雪的
6. ________ v. 做饭 n. 厨师
→ ________ n. 厨灶, 炉具
7. _______ adj. 坏的; 糟的
→ ______ (比较极) → ______ (最高级)
sun
snow
cook
sunny
snowy
cooker
bad
worse worst
8. _________ adj. 干燥的
9. _________ adj. 寒冷的; 冷的
→ 反义词 _______ adj. 热的
10. _________ adj. 温暖的
11. _________ v. 拜访; 参观
→ _______ n. 参观者
12. _________ v. 坐
13. _________ adv. 努力地
adj. 困难的
dry
cold
hot
warm
visit
sit
hard
visitor
14. ________ v. 滑冰
15. ________ n. 办公室
________ n. 军官; 官员
16. ________ v. & n. 付费
17. ________ n. 北; 北方 adj. 北方的
→________ adj. 北方的; 向北的
18. _______ adv. 向左边 n. 左边
→反义词 _______ adv. 向右边
n. 右边
pay
skate
office
officer
north
northern
left
right
19. ___________ n. 十字路口
→_______ v. 穿过
→_______ prep. 从……一边到另一边;
横过
20. ________ v. 花(时间、钱等)
21. ________ v. 爬
22. ________ v. 享受; 喜爱
23. ________ adj./adv. 高的(地)
→_______ n. 身高; 高度
crossing
cross
across
spend
climb
enjoy
high
height
24. _______ adj. 瘦的
→ 反义词 _____ adj. 胖的
25. ________ n. 男演员
→ ________ n. 女演员
26. __________ n. 人
→___________ adj. 私人的
27. __________ adj. 不同的
→___________ adv. 不同地
→___________ n. 不同
thin
fat
actor
actress
different
person
personal
differently
difference
1. _______________ 在……对面
2. _______________ 一点；少量
3. ____________________ 中等身高
4. ________________ 在……和……之间
5. _________________ (给某人)回电话
6. ___________________卷 / 直发
（二）短语
across from
a little
(be) of medium height
between ... and ...
call (sb.) back
curly / straight hair
7. _________________ 喜欢阅读
8. __________________ 沿着(这条街)走
9. _______________________________
做某事很开心
10. ______________ 玩得愉快
11. ______________ 在……前面
12. ______________ 最后
13. __________________ 在下雨天
enjoy reading
go along (the street)
have a good / great time doing sth.
in front of
in the end
in the rainy weather
have fun
14. __________________ 以相同的方式
15. __________________ 看起来像
16. _________________ 度假
17. _________________ 在左 / 右边
18. _________________ 付费电话
19. _________________ 警察局
20. _________________ 邮局
21. _________________ 此刻；马上
in the same way
look like
on (a) vacation
on the left / right
pay phone
police station
post office
right now
22. ____________ 圆脸
23. _________________________
花时间做某事
24. _______________ 捎个口信；传话
25. ________________ 第一个十字路口
26. ________________ 向左 / 右转
27. ________________ 戴眼镜
28. ________________ 给某人写信
round face
spend time (in) doing sth.
take a message
the first crossing
turn left / right
wear glasses
write to sb.
1. — How’s the weather? / What’s the
weather like?
— It’s cloudy / raining.
— 天气怎么样？
— 多云 / 正在下雨。
2. —What is / are ... doing?
— ... is / are ...
— ……正在做什么？
— ……正在……
（三）句型
3. — How’s it going?
— Great! / Not bad. / Terrible!
— 近来可好？
— 很好！/ 不错。/ 很糟！
4. ... am / is / are having a good / great time
doing sth.
……正在高兴地做某事。
5. — Is / Are there ... near here?
— Yes, there is / are. / No, there isn’t /
aren’t.
— 这附近有……吗？
— 是的，有。/ 不，没有。
6. — Where is / are the ...?
— It’s / They’re ...
— ……在哪儿？
— 它 / 它们在……
7. — What do / does ... look like?
— ... is / are thin. / ... has / have a
big nose.
— ……长什么样？
— ……瘦。/ ……长着一个大鼻子。
8. — Is / Are ... tall or short?
— ... is / are tall.
— ……高还是矮？
— ……高。
(一) 单词
1. across adv. & prep. 过; 穿过
【辨析】 across 与 through
across是介词, 表示从表面“穿过; 越过;
(走)过”, 是横向穿越; through一般指从
内部“穿过”, 是纵向穿越。
2. spend v. 花(时间、金钱等)
【归纳】
spend的主语通常是人, 常用句型:
1) “sb. + spend(s) + 时间名词”意为“某
人
度过……”。
2) “sb. + spend(s) + 时间/金钱+on sth.”意
为“某人在某事上花时间/金钱”。
3) “sb. + spend(s) + 时间/金钱 + (in)
doing
sth.”意为“某人花时间/金钱做某事”。
3. enjoy v. 享受; 喜爱
【归纳】
enjoy后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。
还可接反身代词, 构成固定短语:
enjoy oneself, 相当于have a good time/
have fun。
【中考链接】
My old neighbor Charles enjoys _____
photos. He always goes out with his
camera.
A. take B. to take C. taking D. took
(2014 孝感)
4. height n. 高度; 身高
【归纳】
height是high的名词形式。
【拓展】
表示长、宽、深的名词及对应的形容词:
long → length, wide → width,
deep → depth
5. singer n. 歌手
artist n. 艺术家
【拓展】构词法：
动词 + er = (人物)名词
名词 + ist = (人物)名词
如: teach + er = teacher
play + er = player
piano + ist = pianist
violin + ist = violinist
6. 辨析
another/other/others/the other/the others
another 泛指三者或三者以上不定数目中
的另一个
other 作前置定语, 表示泛指, 常用来修饰
复数可数名词
others some…, others… 一些……, 另一
些…...
the other 表示两者中的“另一个”, 常
用短语: one …, and the other …(两者中
的)一个……, 另一个……
the others 指一个整体中除去一部分后的
其余全部。常用短语: some…, others…,
the others… 一些……, 另一些……, 其余
的……
【中考链接】
--- Have you watched the TV report
about MERS?
--- Yes, it’s _____ new dangerous
disease(疾病).
A. the other B. another
C. others D. other
(2015 宜昌)
7. each adj. & pron. 每个; 各自
adv. 每一个
【归纳】
1) each作形容词修饰名词时, 名词用单数
形式。
2) each作代词用时, 可与介词of 连用, 后加
代词宾格或名词复数(名词前通常有物主
代词、定冠词、指示代词等修饰成分);
作主语时, 其谓语动词必须用单数形式。
【辨析】each/every
each: 强调个体;
可用主语、同位语、宾语、定语
every: 强调整体;
不能独立使用;
与not连用表示部分否定
1. 辨析：in front of/in the font of
in front of 指在某个范围外部的前
面, 其反义词为behind.
in the front of 指在某个范围内部的
前面, 其反义词组为at the back of。
（二）短语
【中考链接】
在许多人面前说话使我感觉紧张。
(2014 内江)
I feel nervous talking in front of many
people.
2. 辨析: a little/little/a few/few
a little: 一点儿; 少量
表示肯定意义
little: 很少的; 几乎没有的
表示否定意义
a few: 少数的; 几个; 一些
表示肯定意义
few: 很少的; 几乎没有的
表示否定意义
修饰不可
数名词
修饰复数
可数名词
【注意】
a little 可修饰形容词、副词或其比较级,
而a few 不能。
【中考链接】
--- Would you like some more noodles,
Celia?
--- Yes, just _____, please.
A. a few B. few C. a little D. little
3. 辨析：
in the end/at the end of/by the end of
in the end 意为“最后; 终于”, 相当于at
last/finally, 后面不接of 短语。
at the end of 意为“在……的尽头; 在
……的末端”, 后接时间或地点名词。
by the end of 意为“到…..末”, 后接名词,
常与一般将来时或过去完成时连用。
1. How’s the weather in Beijing?
北京的天气怎么样?
【归纳】
How’s the weather? = What’s the
weather like?
【注意】
weather是不可数名词, 不能用a或 an
修饰
（三）句型
【拓展】
询问天气情况的常用表达方式还有:
What do you think of the weather?
你认为天气怎么样?
What will the weather be like tomorrow?
明天天气怎么样？
2. I’m having a great time visiting my aunt
in Canada.
我正开心地拜访我在加拿大的姑姑。
【归纳】
have a great time (in) doing sth. 相当于
have fun (in) doing sth., 意为“做某事很
开心”。fun前可用great, much, a lot of
等修饰。
【拓展】
have trouble/problem(s) (in) doing sth.
在做某事方面有困难
3. --- What does she look like?
她长什么样?
--- She has long straight hair.
她留着长直发。
【归纳】
What does/do sb. look like? 用于询问
某人的外貌长相, like是介词, 意为
“像”。
【拓展】
What is sth. like? 用于询问事物的性质或
谈论天气状况, like是介词, 意为“像”。
(四) 交际用语
一、谈论天气(Talking about weather)
A. What’s the weather like today?
How’s the weather in London?
B. It’s a nice / fine / beautiful / horrible day
today.
It’s sunny / cloudy / windy / rainy /
snowy / foggy.
It’s getting cool / cold / warm / hot.
二、位置(Position)
A. Where is my basketball?
Where is your sister?
Where is your school library?
B. It’s on / under / beside / near the sofa.
She is at home / in the park / behind the
door.
It’s behind / in front of / next to / on the
right of / on the left of the science lab.
There be 结构
一、句型结构
“There be +主语(某人或某物) +状语(某地或
某时)”表示“某地或某时有某人或某物”。
二、动词be的形式
1. 时态的变化
There be结构有时态的变化。
一般现在时：There is / are ... 如：
There is a ruler on the desk.
一般过去时：There was / were ... 如：
There were many birds in our garden
yesterday.
一般将来时：There is / are going to / will
be ... 如：
There is going to / will be a basketball
game in our school this afternoon.
现在完成时：There has / have been ... 如:
There have been thousands of people in the
stadium.
2. 数的变化
当只有一个主语时，动词be在数上应与其
后的主语保持一致，即语法一致原则。如：
There were two men in the store at that time.
There is an orange on the table.
当主语为并列主语时，可以根据第一个主
语的单复数来确定be的形式，即就近一致原
则；也可以根据语法一致的原则来确定be的
形式。如：
There is / are a cup and two bowls on the
table.
【中考链接】
I. 单项选择。
1. — _________ there any living things on
other planets?
— I have no idea. Maybe we can know more
about that in the future.
A. Is B. Are C. Has D. Have
(2015 广东)
2. — Shall we hang out in Great Bazzar (大巴
扎) tomorrow?
— I’m afraid not. _________ the final
game of the World Cup on TV.
A. There is
B. There will be
C. There will have
D. There is going to have
(2015 新疆乌鲁木齐)
II. 连词成句(注意词形变化)。
interesting activity, many, there were
(2015 河北)
There were many interesting activities.
选择疑问句
选择疑问句是指说话人提出两种或两种
以上情况，问对方选择哪一种。两种或两种
以上情况用or连接起来，连接的并列成分可
以是状语、宾语、谓语、表语等。选择疑问
句有两种形式，一种类似一般疑问句的形式，
一种类似特殊疑问句的形式。回答时不能用
yes或no，而要根据选择的情况，用一个完整
的句子或其省略形式回答。如：
1. —Is Mr. White leaving today or tomorrow?
—He is leaving tomorrow. / Tomorrow.
2. —Do you want tea or coffee?
—I want coffee. / Coffee.
3. —Shall we go home or stay here tonight?
—We shall go home. / Go home.
4. —Which would you like, water or juice?
—I’d like juice. / Juice.
【运用】改写句子。
1. Tom is in Class Two. (用Class Three改为选
择疑问句)
Is Tom in Class Two or Class Three?
2. I’m good at playing football. (用basketball
改为选择疑问句)
Are you good at playing football or
basketball?
3. Liu Yuan went to the museum yesterday
morning. (用yesterday afternoon改为选
择疑问句)
Did Liu Yuan go to the museum yesterday
morning or yesterday afternoon?
I. 根据语境及所给首字母提示, 补全所缺单
词。
1. Last week they went to Shandong to
c Mount Tai.
2. W is the coldest season in the north
of China.
3. Here is a seat for you. Please s down.
climb
Winter
sit
4. Excuse me, is there a bank near here? I
want to get some m .
5. —Is Grace on your right in the classroom,
Linda?
—No. She is on my l .
6. We are hungry. Let’s find a r to
have a meal.
7. There is something wrong with Frank’s
e . He can’t see things clearly.
8. This box is too h . I can’t carry it.heavy
money
left
restaurant
eyes
Ⅱ. 根据语境及括号内所给单词的提示填
空。
1. —Are you American, Dave?
—No. I’m ________(Russia).
2. ________(wind) days make me upset.
3. I like comedies. Xu Zheng is my favorite
______(act).
4. Don’t worry. You can pass the exam
______(easy).easily
Russian
Windy
actor
5. How I hope to have a ______(sun) day!
6. My grandfather enjoys _______(take)
walks after dinner.
7. You can turn right at the second
________(cross) down the road.
8. Jeff wants to be a ______(sing) when he
grows up.
singer
sunny
taking
crossing
III. 根据汉语意思完成英语句子, 每空一词(含
缩略形式)。
1. 我们现在正在澳大利亚度假。
We are ____ ____ _________ in Australia.
2. 你可以沿着这条街走，然后向右转。
You can ________ ________ the street and
then turn right.
3. 上海的情况如何？
_______ ____ _______ in Shanghai?
walk/go along
on a vacation
How’s it going
4. 最后, 这个罪犯在山里被抓了。
_____ ____ _____, the criminal was
caught in the mountain.
5. 抱歉，朱莉娅不在家。我可以给你捎个口
信吗？
Sorry, Julia is not at home. Can I ______
____ ________ for you?
6. 你最好马上去看医生。
You’d better go to see the doctor ______
_____.
right
In the end
a message
take
now
7. 在晚会上他们跳舞很开心。
They are _______ ____ __________
_______ dancing at the party.
8. 萨姆花时间读了一本无聊的小说。
Sam ______ _______ in reading a
boring novel.
spent time
having a good/great
time
IV. 将下列句子或对话翻译成英语。
1. 刚才付费电话附近有个女孩。
There was a girl near the pay phone just
now.
2. 课桌上有两个书包。
There are two schoolbags on the desk.
3. — 他们乘公共汽车去还是乘火车去？
— 乘火车。
—Will they go by bus or by train?
—By train.
4. 书柜里有一些书吗？
Are there any books in the bookcase?
5. 桌子上没有冰激凌。
There isn’t any ice-cream on the table.
6. —这个书包是新的还是旧的？
—它是新的。
—Is the schoolbag new or old?
—It’s new.
7. 明天下午将有一场足球比赛。
There is going to / will be a football
match tomorrow afternoon.
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