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O.Henry presentedby杨柳(主讲)胡德成杨滔张天佑汤文茂谢华锋 O.Henry(1862-1910)wasaprolificAmericanshort-storywriter,amasterofsurpriseendings,whowroteaboutthelifeofordinarypeopleinNewYorkCity.Atwistofplot,whichturnsonanironicorcoincidentalcircumstance,istypicalofO.Henry'sstories. O.HenryisthepennameofWilliamSydneyPorter.Heisoneofthethreeleadingshortstorywriters.Chekhov契诃夫(AntonPavlovich，1860-1904，俄国剧作家、短篇小说家)Maupassant莫泊桑(HenriRenМAlbertGuyde，1850-1893，法国短篇小说家)In1862O.HenrywasborninGreensboro,NorthCarolina.美国北卡罗来纳州In1865,whenhewasthree,hismotherdied,andhewasraisedbyhisgrandmotherandaunt.Asachild,Porterwasalwaysreading,everythingfromclassicstodimenovels,hisfavoriteworkwasOneThousandandOneNights. criticalrealismMaupassant TheManinaCaseAChameleon OnJuly1,1887,PorterelopedwithAtholandgotmarried.Atholencouragedherhusbandtopursuehiswriting.Atholgavebirthtoasonin1888,whodiedhoursafterbirth,andthenadaughter,MargaretWorthPorter,inSeptember1889.HiswifediedonJuly25,1897fromtubercu’losis.In1894hestartedahumorousweeklyTheRollingStone.Whentheweeklyfailed,hejoinedtheHoustonPostasareporterandcolumnist. In1897hewasconvictedofembezzlingmoneyandsentencedtofiveyearsinprison.WhileinprisonPorterstartedtowriteshortstoriestosupporthisdaughterMargaret.PorterwasreleasedonJuly24,1901,forgoodbehaviorafterservingthreeyears. Porter'smostprolificwritingperiodstartedin1902,whenhemovedtoNewYorkCitytobenearhispublishers.Whilethere,hewrote381shortstories.HewroteastoryaweekforoverayearfortheNewYorkWorldSundayMagazine.HemarriedSaraLindsayColemanin1907,butthemarriagewasnothappy,andtheyseparatedayearlater.O.Henry'slastyearswereshadowedbyalcoholism,illhealth,andfinancialproblems.Hediedofcir’rhosisoftheliveronJune5,1910,inNewYork. Duringhislifetime,O.Henrypublished10collectionsandover600shortstories. O•Henry'swritingthemesAclassoflifemainlyinthewesternUnitedStatesAclassoflifeinsomeU.S.citiesAclassoflifeinLatinAmericanThesedifferentthemeshaveacloserelationshipwiththeauthor'sseveralmajorlifeexperiencesoflivingindifferentperiods.Theworkswhichdescribedthecitylifehavethegreatestsignificance,andthemaximumquantity. ThemeofthestoryLoyaltytofriendVS.Devotiontoduty O.Henry’swritingstyle:CharactersofordinarypeopleRealisticdetailAtwistofplotSurprisingending wordsmeltingsorrowsandjoysStartingfromWashingtonOwen(1784-1859),manywritersaregoodatwritingthosefunnybutmeaningfulstory.O.Henryinheritedthistradition,andwasinfluencedbythecontemporarywriters.Moreover,hehasaalifetimeoffrustrations.Allabovemakeshisuniquesenseofhumor-filledwithbitterlaughter.Atthebackofthehumor,overstates,therearesomethingmorecallingthis"tearfulsmile",whichhasdeepenedthesocialsignificanceofthework,withlong-termartisticcharm. O.Henry’sTwistingEndTheso-calledO.Henry’stwistendingmeans:theendofthearticlemakessensenotonlyunexpectedbutlogicalandconvincing.AsO.Henrybelievedthatlifeisfullofunexpectedthings,somostoftheendofhisnovelcomeasasurprise.Heattemptsinthisareasuccessfully.SotheliteraryworldcalledsuchamethodtobeO.Henry’stwistending.Therearesomeclassicworks,"GiftoftheMagi""thelastpieceofivy常春藤leaves““Thecopandtheanthem”. theFamousquotesbyO.Henry Whenonelovesone'sartnoserviceseemstoohard.一旦热爱艺术，什么奉献也不难。Lifeismadeupofsobs,snifflesandsmileswithsniffespredominating.人生是由呜咽、抽泣和微笑组成的，而在三者之中，抽泣处于支配地位。Astorywithamoralappendedislikethebillofamosquito.Itboresyou,andtheninjectsastingingdroptoirritateyourconscience.一篇含有教训的小说，像是蚊子的嘴。它先使你讨厌，然后注入一滴螫入的液体，来烦扰你的良知。theFamousquotes Ifmanknewhowwomenpassthetimewhentheyarealone,they'dnevermarry.如果男人晓得女人在独自的时候怎样消磨时间，他们永远不会结婚。Whatawomanwantsiswhatyou'reoutof.Shewantsmoreofathingwhenit'sscarce.女人所想要的东西，就是你所没有的东西。当一种东西变为稀少的时候，她便要想多要一些。Loveandbusinessandfamilyandreligionandartandpatriotismarenothingbutshadowsofwordswhenaman'sstarving!当一个人吃不饱饭的时候，爱情、事业、家庭、宗教、艺术和爱国都只是空洞的言词而已。Lifeisfineandenjoyable,yetyoumustlearntoenjoyyourfinelife.人生是美好的，但你必须会享用美好的生活。 Style1.unexpected,yetbelievableending.Famousforhisdistinctivegiftinmakingasurprisingbutlogical,unexpectedyetbelievableending.2.Hispeculiarhumor:humorousyettearful3.O.HenrywrotewithrealisticdetailbasedonhisfirsthandexperiencesbothinTexasandinNewYorkCity. MajorWorks（1）TheGift Of The Magi--麦琪的礼物A Service Of Love--爱的奉献The Last Leaf--最后的常春藤叶The Cop And The Anthem--警察和赞美诗Lost on Dress Parade --华而不实An Unfinished Story--没有完的故事The Man Higher Up --黄雀在后After Twenty Years --二十年以后 TheGift Of The MagiTheGiftoftheMagiisthestoryofayoungmarriedcouple.ItisChristmasEveandallthemoneythatDellahassavedforJim’sgifttotalsonedollarandeight-sevencents.DellaandJimhavetwopossessionsthatarethetreasuresofthehousehold,Della’shair,whichistheirprideandjoyandJim’swatch,whichisaninheritancefromhisgrandfather. TRUELOVEThelovingyounghusbandandwifeselltheonlyvaluablethingstheyowntogiveeachotherspecialChristmasgifts.ButtheauthorpointsoutthattheYoungpossessagiftgreaterthananyobject:thegiftoflove.HecomparesthemtotheMagi,saying:“letitbesaidthatofallwhogivegiftsthesetwowerethewisest....TheyaretheMagi.” In1918theO.HenryMemorialAwards欧·亨利纪念奖wereestablishedtobegivenannuallytothebestmagazinestories,thewinnersandleadingcontenderstobepublishedinanannualvolume.AchievementandInfluence Thankyou,goodbye!