高考英语二轮创新复习题型重组练五练习含解析

题型重组练(五) (限时 30 分钟) 对应学生用书(单独成册)第 150 页 Ⅰ.阅读理解 (2020·武汉学习质量检测)Royal Dutch Shell is launching a $300 million forestry program，at a time when an increasing number of oil companies are putting money in carbon offset(碳补偿)plans to meet climate goals.The company will spend the money over the next three years on projects to store carbon，including large forests in the Netherlands and Spain，and will start offering motorists the option of purchasing carbon offsets when they buy petrol at the pump. The executives of the company explained that these carbon offset projects were a new business opportunity for Shell，as well as a way to meet its climate targets.“We believe that over time we will be building a business，because these carbon credits will become more valuable as carbon becomes more limited，” they said.Shell recently decided to cut its net carbon footprint(碳排放量)by 2 to 3 percent in five years， which includes emissions from the products it sells.The company plans to produce carbon credits from the forestry projects，then sell these credits on to customers buying its oil and gas products，or apply the credits to its own operations to lower its carbon footprint. Plants absorb carbon dioxide as they grow and restoring forests and other natural areas is considered one of the simplest ways to store carbon.However，the voluntary market for carbon credits based on forestry projects has its critics，as projects in developing countries can be hard to monitor.Shell's move has also been criticized by some environmentalists.They worried that there was a risk of “greenwash” when companies invested in forestry projects.“There is an entire debate about whether forestry projects truly reduce emissions or not，” they said，pointing out that planting in one area could cause deforestation(滥伐森林)to another. Shell said it would rely on the third party to ensure its forestry program to meet the Voluntary Carbon Standard and strict biodiversity requirements.Mark Lewis， head of Climate Change Investment Research at BNP Paribas，said，“Planting trees to offset emissions，as far as it goes，is a step in the right direction.” [语篇解读] 本文主要介绍了荷兰皇家壳牌石油公司在接下来的三年时间里，通过资金 投入等措施，实施碳补偿计划的相关情况。 1．What is popular among oil companies these days? A．Studying climate changes. B．Launching forestry programs. C．Working out carbon offset plans. D．Attracting motorists to buy their petrol. 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的“an increasing number of oil companies are putting money in carbon offset plans to meet climate goals”可知，越来越多的 石油公司把钱投在碳补偿计划上面，以实现气候目标。由此可知，当前制订自己的碳补偿计 划在石油公司中盛行。故选 C。 答案：C 2．How will Shell make profits from its carbon offset projects? A．By quitting the emissions of its products. B．By reducing its carbon footprint by a quarter. C．By limiting the oil used by its own operations. D．By putting carbon credits it produces on the market. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“The company plans to produce carbon credits from the forestry projects，then sell these credits on to customers buying its oil and gas products...lower its carbon footprint.”可知，壳牌公司计划从林业项目中获 得碳信用额，然后将这些信用额转售给购买其石油和天然气产品的客户，或者将这些信用额 用于自己的业务，以降低其碳排放量。故选 D。 答案：D 3．What concerns some environmentalists about forestry projects? A．The projects can't really stop carbon emissions. B．The projects are hard to monitor in poor countries. C．The projects may lead to deforestation in other forests. D．The projects haven't met strict biodiversity requirements. 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“pointing out that planting in one area could cause deforestation to another”可知，环保主义者担心石油公司在一个地方实施林业项 目会导致另一个地方滥伐森林。故选 C。 答案：C 4．What does the underlined word “greenwash” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Discount. B．Cheat. C．Decline. D．Change. 解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“as projects in developing countries can be hard to monitor”“There is an entire debate about whether forestry projects truly reduce emissions or not”“pointing out that...deforestation to another”可知，环保主义 者对林业项目是否真的能降低碳排放存在很大的争议，他们担心在一个地方实施林业项目会 导致另一个地方滥伐森林。由此可推知，画线词的意思与 B 项的词义相近。 答案：B 词汇积累：Para.1：forestry n．林业 motorist n．驾车者 Para.2：executive n．管理人员 net adj.净的 sell sth.on 转售 operation n．活 动，业务 Para.3：restore v．恢复；使复原 Para.4：as far as it goes 在一定程度上 高级句式：However，the voluntary market for carbon credits based on forestry projects has its critics ， as projects in developing countries can be hard to monitor.(Para.3) 分析：based on forestry projects 作定语修饰 carbon credits；as 引导原因状语从句。 译文：然而，基于林业项目的碳信用自愿市场也受到了批评，因为发展中国家的项目很 难被监督。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2020· 永 州 三 模 )At stations in London goes a tradition that warm and inspirational words are written on White Boards for emotional support.It's been 14 years since customer services manager Anthony Gentles was inspired to__1__the “blank faces” of commuters(往返上班者)with a daily dose(剂量)of__2__from his favorite book，Tao Te Ching，the key text in the ancient Chinese philosophical tradition of Taoism.This__3__of writing a meaningful sentence on the board is named Thought of the Day.At the beginning of 2018，on the board was “A journey of a thousand must begin with a single__4__．” “If it's__5__for me，perhaps when passengers see it，it will allow them to__6__for a moment and could distract them from whatever was__7__their mind，” Mr.Gentles said.Offering up pearls of wisdom from China was his way of__8__to make people feel more __9__as they used the underground. Mr.Gentles__10__how one man wandered about on the platform for 20 minutes before heading back to the atrium(中厅)to pronounce that he'd__11__“what the thought was__12__to me.” In the year 2007，Gentles__13__the job over to his colleague Glen Sutherland and ever since then Mr.Sutherland has written over 3，000 sentences on the__14__．He has taught himself calligraphy so as to __15__clear handwriting on it. Thought of the Day at Oval Station of the London subway has won worldwide attention and Sutherland__16__a story on the Twitter account of the station.Mr.Sutherland__17__a quote by Mirtha Legrand，a famous actress and television presenter in the South American country at the request of an Argentine family.But he hadn't __18__it was spoken highly of by the presenter in her program.He told BBC， “If it's helping people，and giving people__19__feelings，then it's good.But I'm really__20__ about 20，000 followers on Twitter for Thought of the Day—I can't get my head around it.” [语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了伦敦地铁站“每日金句”竟然源自我国古 代的老子的《道德经》，文中主要描述了这一做法的由来和进展情况。 1．A.turn down B．drive away C．light up D．bring about 解析：light up one's face 的意思是“让人开心”。 答案：C 2．A.comfort B．optimism C．happiness D．wisdom 解析：此项与第二段中的 wisdom 相呼应。 答案：D 3．A.practice B．skill C．hobby D．behavior 解析：practice 在这里是“做法”的意思。 答案：A 4．A.experience B．action C．step D．thought 解析：step 和 journey 的相关度最大。这句话的意思是“千里之行，始于足下”。 答案：C 5．A.comfortable B．inspirational C．ambiguous D．relevant 解析：这句话的意思是“如果这句话能给我灵感，那么也许旅客们看到它也会放下心中 烦事驻足思考”。 答案：B 6．A.stand B．wonder C．stop D．relax 解析：stop for a moment 在这里的意思是“驻足片刻”。 答案：C 7．A.passing by B．going through C．getting across D．running for 解析：“whatever was going through their mind”在这里的意思是“心中烦事”。 答案：B 8．A.trying B．asking C．requiring D．desiring 解析：try 一词在这里表示行为目的。 答案：A 9．A.guilty B．enthusiastic C．anxious D．welcome 解析：根据上下文语境可知，这里应该选一个意义正向的词，welcome 在这里理解为让人 们感到“宾至如归”。 答案：D 10．A.recalls B．understands C．explains D．analyses 解析：下文是 Mr.Gentles 回想起来的一件事儿，所以这里选 recalls。 答案：A 11．A.taken in B．made up C．worked out D．kept off 解析：这里讲的是那个人在明白“每日金句”中那句话的意思时兴奋的心情。work out 在这里是“想出来”的意思。 答案：C 12．A.saying B．emphasizing C．exhibiting D．promising 解析：“what the thought was saying to me”在这里的意思是“那句话的意思”。 答案：A 13．A.took B．passed C．brought D．sent 解析：“pass the job over to his colleague Glen Sutherland”的意思是“把这份 差事传给了他的同事。” 答案：B 14．A.train B．post C．board D．wall 解析：该选项与第一段中的 board 一词呼应。 答案：C 15．A.admire B．appreciate C．imitate D．provide 解析：Glen Sutherland 学习书法是为了把漂亮的字呈现给旅客，选项中只有 provide 可 表达此意。 答案：D 16．A.invented B．downloaded C．updated D．shared 解析：下文是 Glen Sutherland 讲述的一件事儿。share a story 的意思是“分享一个故 事”，即讲故事之意。 答案：D 17．A.showed off B．put up C．gave up D．turned down 解析：put up 的意思是张贴，这里是“写上去”的意思。 答案：B 18．A.expected B．believed C．doubted D．declared 解析：hadn't expected 在这里是“没想到”的意思。 答案：A 19．A.disturbing B．amusing C．awkward D．pleasant 解析：Glen Sutherland 的意思是：只要人们觉得好就行，自己本来没有想要出名。 答案：D 20．A.certain B．confused C．concerned D．skeptical 解析：该选项与下文中的“I can't get my head around it”相呼应，表示自己也不知 道为什么能赢得那么多粉丝。 答案：B Ⅲ.语法填空 (2020·山东省青岛市第三次模考) China has decided 1.____________(donate)another $30 million to the World Health Organization for containing COVID19 and supporting developing countries in improving their health systems. The world is at a crucial stage in fighting the pandemic，and support for the WHO means 2.________(defend)multilateralism and upholding the authority of the United Nations ， said Geng Shuang ， the Former Spokesman of the Foreign Ministry ， 3.____________made the announcement on Thursday. China previously donated $20 million to the WHO for tackling the virus.China's donation 4.____________(show)the support the Chinese government and people have for the WHO，as well as their trust in the 5.____________(organize)，Geng said at a daily news conference. Since the outbreak started，the WHO 6.__________(carry)out its duty，adhering to an objective，fair and scientific position，and has played an important part in coordinating efforts 7.____________countries and promoting international cooperation to control the pandemic，Geng said. 8．____________decision came in less than two weeks after the US announced it would 9.____________(temporary)stop funding the WHO，while many other countries have voiced their support for the organization. Working in unity is the only way the international community can overcome the virus ， he reiterated ， adding that China hopes to cooperate with all 10.____________(party)in this fight，and contribute to the building of a community with a shared future for mankind. [语篇解读] 本文是一篇新闻报道。讲述了中国向世界卫生组织追加 3 000 万美元的捐 款用于抗疫。 1．解析：考查非谓语动词。设空前的 decide 后应该用不定式，属于固定用法。故填 to donate。 答案：to donate 2．解析：考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知设空处前的 mean 表示“意味着”，因此后面 应该用ing 形式，若表示“打算、意欲”之意则用动词不定式形式。故填 defending。 答案：defending 3．解析：考查定语从句的引导词。这是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的人物(耿爽)， 又因 made 缺少主语，故填 who；that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。 答案：who 4．解析：考查动词的时态。根据语境，上一句表达的是以前的捐赠，本句表达的是目前 的情况，另外本句的 have 也是用一般现在时态，主语是第三人称单数形式且主语与谓语之间 是主谓关系。故填 shows。 答案：shows 5．解析：考查词性转换。根据前面的 in the 可知，此处应该用名词形式，再据前面的 WHO(世界卫生组织)。故填 organization。 答案：organization 6．解析：考查动词的时态。根据 since the outbreak started 可知，主句应该用现在 完成时或现在完成进行时，且主语与谓语之间是主谓关系。故填 has carried 或 has been carrying。 答案：has carried/has been carrying 7．解析：考查介词。根据语境可知，此处是指国家之间的。故填 among。 答案：among 8．解析：考查冠词。根据第一段第一句中的 decided 可知，这里的 decision 是特指的。 故填 The。 答案：The 9．解析：考查词性转换。设空处修饰动词 stop，应用副词形式。故填 temporarily。 答案：temporarily 10．解析：考查名词的单复数。设空前的 all，说明后面应该用 party 的复数形式。故填 parties。 答案：parties