译林牛津版高三英语Unit2Fitforlife.话题语言应用——生活与医药(知识梳理)
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译林牛津版高三英语Unit2Fitforlife.话题语言应用——生活与医药(知识梳理)

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时间:2021-04-30

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Unit 2 Fit for life 话题语言应用——生活与医药 语言积累 交际用语 采访(Interview someone)  自我介绍,感谢接受采访 Good morning /afternoon, my name is… First, I’d like to thank you for agreeing to this interview.  说明采访的目的和想要了解的信息 I am doing this interview to get information for… I would like to find out information about…  提问。问题要分组,先问一般性问题,然后问更具体的问题。 1. What is the current situation regarding young people and short-sightedness? (general) 2. Could you tell me some special things that children or parents can do to help protect children’s eyesight? (specific) 要点提示: current 现在的 regarding 关于,就……而论,至于 specific 明确的,具体的 话题语句(1) To keep healthy 保持健康 right food 合理饮食 regular exercise 规律锻炼 enough sleep 睡眠充足 a balanced diet 平衡饮食 fresh fruit and vegetables 新鲜水果蔬菜 proper activities 合理的活动 keep a good mind 保持好的心态 quit smoking/alcohol 戒烟/酒 get injections to prevent 打针来预防 Medicine — the different ways we use them 各种状态的药物 tablet/pill 片剂 capsule 胶囊 liquid medicine 液体药 injection 注射剂 spray 喷雾剂 cream 膏剂 powder 粉剂 Chinese /Western medicine 中/西药 effect/side effect 功效/副作用 Rooms in a hospital 医院的房间  ward 病房 —where patients sleep  emergency room 急救室 —where patients who need urgent treatment go  X-ray room X 光透视室 —where pictures of body parts are taken  operating room 手术室 —where operations are carried out  consulting room 诊室 —where patients see the doctor  reception 接待室—where patients register (登记) or find out information  ICU 重症监护室 —intensive (加强的) care unit  ear, nose and throat (ENT) department 耳鼻喉科—where doctors look after some parts of a patients head Jobs that relate to medicine 医学相关工作  chemist 药剂师:A chemist’s job usually involves preparing and selling medicines.  eye doctor/optician 眼科医生/验光师:An eye doctor tests our eyes to see if we need glasses.  dentist 牙医  physician 内科医生  surgeon 外科医生 Names of the illnesses 疾病名称  measles 麻疹  chickenpox 水痘  influenza (flu) 流感:Get a high fever and pains in body.  cancer 癌症:Something goes wrong with the replacement of cells.  diabetes 糖尿病:The system that controls the blood sugar level goes wrong.  heart disease 心脏病(heart attacks/strokes):Being overweight, eating fatty food and not taking enough exercises.  malaria 疟疾:Be ill with a high fever. / Being bitten by infected mosquitoes when traveling.  cholera 霍乱  yellow fever 黄热病  typhoid 伤寒 Effects of aspirin 阿司匹林的功效  Reduce fever 降体温  Help stop body pains 有助于身体的镇痛  Reduce the risk of heart attacks 减少心脏病发作的风险  Prevent a stroke 防止中风  Reduce the risk of colon cancer 减少肠癌的风险  Increase the length of people’s lives 延长寿命  Help with diabetes 糖尿病辅助治疗 Effects of penicillin 盘尼西林的功效  Help in treating wounds and infections 有助于伤口和感染的治疗  treat bacteria illnesses 治疗细菌疾病——kill bacteria 杀菌  Treat other illnesses including pneumonia 治疗包括肺炎的其它疾病 话题语句(2) Ways to treat disease 治疗方式 take medicine 吃药 have an injection 打针 Performing an operation 做手术 During the process of an operation, the surgeons cut open a part of a person’s body and remove or repair a damaged part. Acupuncture 针灸 Acupuncture— is the use of needles to treat people’s health problems 用针来治疗身体问题 can relieve body pains /help lose weight /help quit smoking 减缓疼痛/ 减肥/ 戒烟 has its origin in China beginning before 1000 BC 起源于公元前 1000 年以前的中国 Some of the medical problems that can be treated by acupuncture include very bad pain, such as neck and back pains, headaches, injuries, stomach problems and blood pressure problems. Some people have also used acupuncture to treat addictions to cigarettes, drugs, alcohol and food. The traditional Chinese acupuncture is becoming more and more popular with foreigners. The number of acupuncture points (穴位) was the same as the number of days in a year. How does an acupuncturist examine a patient? First ask the patient’s medical history and lifestyle. And then look at the color of the patient’s skin and tongue, listen to his breathing and check his pulses(脉搏).(——望闻问切) There’re twelve different pulses, six on each wrist. Every one is connected with a major body organ (器官) or function of an organ. Why will an acupuncturist (针灸医生) check pulses? This will help him/her find out which energy channel (经络) doesn’t have enough energy. Reporting on short-sightedness Short-sightedness can usually be corrected with glasses or contact lenses (隐型眼镜), or in some cases with laser (激光) eye surgery (手术). Suggestions to protect our eyesight  Do eye exercises twice every day. 每天两次做眼保健操。  Do not read in bed or without good lighting. 不在床上或灯光暗淡时读书。  Take some eyesight supplements such as Vitamins A, C and E. 吃视力补剂,如:维(生素) A、维 C 或维 E。  Have your eyesight examined regularly. 定期检查眼睛。  Relax your eyes once an hour while working on computers or watching TV. 使用计算机或看电视时,每小时放松眼睛一次。  Often focus your eyes on green trees or grass for a rest. 经常看绿树或绿草让眼睛休息。 话题语句(3) Traditional Chinese Medicine Traditional Chinese medicine has a long history of 5000 thousand years. It is a summary of the experience of the laboring people over many centuries of struggle against disease. For thousands of years it has played an important part in curing disease and protecting the health of the Chinese people, thus contributing greatly to the growth and prosperity (繁荣) of China, as well as to the world-wide medical knowledge. Traditional Chinese medicine is based on its own theories and contains a unique system in itself. It holds that man and his natural environment form an organic ( 有 机 的 ) whole; many diseases are linked with the environment. It also holds that the various parts of the human body form an organic whole. When one is ill, the whole body is affected, so that treatment should emphasize the physical condition of the individual as a whole. It is still today widely used by the Chinese people and the whole world people in treating diseases. It is an integral (整体不可缺少的) part of world civilization and a common benefit for all mankind. Since the founding of New China, Chinese Government have attached great importance to traditional Chinese medicine and laid down a series of principles, policies and measures, aiming to develop traditional Chinese medicine, integrate it with Western medicine and modernize the traditional Chinese medicine. It has progressed greatly over the past thirty years and more. Quite a number of Chinese medical workers have carried out studies on traditional Chinese medicine with modern scientific knowledge and methods. They have also used combined Chinese and western medical means in the treatment of a number of difficult and complicated cases, which have all shown satisfactory results. At the same time many researchers have studied the basic theories of traditional Chinese medicine such as yin (阴) and yang (阳), theory of zang-fu (脏 腑), channels and collaterals (经络), Qi (气) and blood, the four diagnostic (诊断的) methods, the principles of qigong etc, with experimental research methods resulting in considerable progress. In recent years, more and more people are interested in traditional Chinese medicine. They would like to accept its treatment. They are interested in learning its knowledge and technique to treat patients and studying why it works. Traditional Chinese medicine as a subject has been added into teaching plan in different famous medical colleges. Traditional Chinese medicine clinics and schools are everywhere in the world and increased continuously every year. With the present development of traditional Chinese medicine, its integration ( 一 体 化 ) with modern science and technology will surely enhance (增强) its contribution to human health. 话题语句(4) 有用的句子-----试试你会了吗? 1. 最终,金属针开始出现并取代了它们。 ________, metal needles began to appear and _________. 2. 另外一种理论则将针刺疗法和人体内减痛化学物质的产生联系起来。 Another theory ______ acupuncture to the production of ______ in the body which ______ pain. 3. 如果没有青霉素,很多人会死于疾病、甚至很小的伤口。 If penicillin _____________, many people _______________ sickness or even small wounds. 4. 我渴望再一次参加辩论,因为今天已经证明很成功。 I am ___________ again because today proved very successful. 5. 我们已经调整了教室里的所有照明设备以使它们能照亮每个房间。 We have _______ all the lights in the classrooms so that each room is well _____. 6. 中医药以它不同的对待健康的方法令世界上许多人吃惊,而且越来越被西方人接受。 Chinese medicine has _______ many people around the world with its different _______ health and is coming ________ accepted by people in the West. 7. 看上去像剑一样的已经被医生用来做手术的锋利小刀所代替。 ... the needle _____ a sword has been _______ by a sharp knife that doctors use in operation. 8. 一种解释这一现象的理论认为,针灸使疼痛信号无法到达大脑。 One theory explaining this _____ suggests that acupuncture ______ pain signals _____ _____ the brain. 9. 他把在霉中发现的化学物质命名为“青霉素”…… He ______ the chemical found in the mould “penicillin”... 10. 只要打开世界上任何一个药柜,你很可能会发现阿司匹林和青霉素。 If you ______ any medicine cupboard in the world,________ that you will find aspirin and penicillin. 参考答案: 1. Eventually; took their place 2. relates (使联系,常与 to 连用); chemicals; reduce 3. had not been available; would have died from (die from 死于) 4. eager to debate 5. adjusted; lit (light 照亮) 6. amazed; approach to; more and more 7. looking like; replaced 8. phenomenon; blocks; from reaching 9. named (命名,任命) 10. open up (打开); there is a high probability(可能性) 写作运用 广播稿 (A script for the radio station) 广播稿就是为了广播需要而准备的草稿,是应用文的一个重要组成部分。 1. 广播稿要用耳朵听,要求语言明白易懂、口语化,让人有种亲切感。 2. 主体部分包括:介绍自己,主题,开篇,说明话题的内容,背景信息,包括现状及 其来源,建议和结尾(感谢听众)。 3. 注意结构简明、详略得当,层次分明,语言生动活泼,能吸引听众。 4. 常用套语: Ladies and gentlemen 先生们,女士们 May I have your attention, please? 请注意。 Thank you for your attention. 谢谢收听。 写作范文 Example 1 在即将举行的中美高中生夏令营活动中,你和你的美国朋友将讨论学生中的“追星 (star-worshiping)”问题,请你根据下面的提示写一篇发言稿。词数 120 左右。 追星表现 模仿衣着、发型、嗜好、举止等 追星后果 迷失自我、荒废学业等 你的看法 科学家等贡献最大,应专心学习,成为有用之才 参考范文: Ladies and gentlemen, Nowadays, star-worshiping is popular among teenagers, especially many middle school students. Thousands of fans like their idols for their handsome appearances, beautiful songs, and perfect acting skills, and they imitate whatever stars do, including their clothes, hairstyle and hobbies. As a result, some of them forget what they should do and even spoil their study. In my opinion, having idols is not a bad thing. However, we should make it clear who are the real “heroes”. As far as I am concerned, the real heroes are those who are making the most contributions to our society, such as teachers, doctors and scientists. As young students we should learn from them. Only in this way can we become useful men and be real popular stars in the future. That’s all. Thank you. Example 2 参考范文: Good morning, everyone. This is David at the school radio station. We are investigating a problem—short-sightedness, which is very common among Chinese teenagers today. We have interviewed a doctor in our city about what parents and students can do to protect students’ eyesight. The doctor strongly suggests that every year students’ eyes should be tested to identify any problems, and they should not read in bed with poor lighting as well. Apart from this, we’ve also made a survey on the measures they take in No.1 and No.9 Secondary Schools. They both have taken steps to protect students’ eyesight such as asking students to look out of the window at regular intervals, changing types of paper and advising them to do eye exercises both at school and at home. I hope our investigation might bring your attention to the problem and be helpful for you. Thank you for listening.

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