译林牛津版高三英语Unit3Theworldonline话题语言应用——网络世界(知识梳理)

Unit 3 The world online 话题语言应用——网络世界 语言积累 交际用语 构建更具体的问题（Forming more specific questions） 1. 以已知信息为基础，如你已经知道 60%的人与乒乓球相比，更喜欢足球，可以问： Does a person’s age affect his/ her answer? 人们的年龄影响他们的答案吗？ Do men and women answer in the same way? 男人和女人回答的方式一样吗？ Is football becoming more popular, or is table tennis becoming less popular? 是足球更流行了？还是乒乓球不流行了呢？ 2. 不仅要问人们喜欢或更喜欢什么，而且要问他们不喜欢或更不喜欢什么。询问一个主题 的正反两面能让你对情况更清楚，如： What sport do people like the least? 人们最不喜欢什么体育运动？ What sport do people prefer table tennis to? 与什么相比，人们更喜欢乒乓球呢？ 3. 弄清楚原因，这有助于给你的论点以支持或解释。 Why is football more popular? 为什么足球更受欢迎呢？ 话题语句（1） 与计算机有关的词汇 (Words related to the computer) desktop 台式机 laptop 便携式电脑 keyboard 键盘 mouse (mat) 鼠标(垫) printer 打印机 microphone 话筒 display unit 显示装置 back arrow 回车键 coder 编码员，编码器 command 指令，命令 working storage 工作存储器 data processing 数据处理 inline processing 内处理 search engine 搜索引擎 web address 网址 home page 主页 website 网站 webpage 网页 virus 病毒 hacker 黑客 www（world wide web）全球宽带网 link 链接 browse 浏览 search 搜索，查找 download 下载 upload 上传 refresh 刷新 close 关闭 minimize 最小化 maximize 最大化 What we often do through the Internet search for/ store information 搜索信息 chat online 聊天 read news 读新闻 listen to music 听音乐 watch films/ video 看电影/视频 play computer games 玩电脑游戏 surf the internet 网上冲浪 contact with your friends (e-mails) 同朋友联系（电子邮件） communicate with experts and read articles 同专家交流，读文章 Young people can form friendships. 年轻人可以找到友谊。 Disabled people can correspond and communicate with others. 残疾人可以同别人通讯、交流。 话题语句（2） The effects of the Internet on our lives The Internet transforms the way people spend their time. The Internet is a positive (积极的) tool that helps make our lives better. The Internet has negative (消极的) effects on our lives.  There is too much false information on the internet.  Some young people become addicted to the computer games.  People sell false things or lie about their products in the net shop.  Some families spend their time apart because one or more members are using the computer.  43% of the students who had dropped out were heavy Internet users.  About the Internet, there have been heated (热烈的) arguments over the effects on our lives. Some people think the Internet has positive effects. When people are in need of information, the Internet is the first place that many people turn to. With the touch of a button or the click of a mouse, we can get abundant information at our command. One great weakness of the Internet, though, is that it is difficult to judge whether the information is true or accurate. In addition, the Internet damages people’s ability to live normal lives. Sentence structures to discuss the Internet  I’m speaking in favour of/ against the internet.  I think the Internet has positive/ negative effects on our lives. Because…  A recent survey shows that…  These statistics (统计资料) prove that…  The main drawback of the internet is…  I think … is useful. Don’t you think so?  For these reasons, I believe/ think that …  In conclusion / In a word, I feel the advantages overweight ( 在 重 量 上 超 过 ) the disadvantages. The right attitudes towards the Internet  Don’t waste too much time on the Internet.  Use the Internet as a good tool.  Limit our use of the Internet.  Learn to handle the problems the Internet causes.  Control ourselves instead of being controlled by the Internet. 话题语句（3） 有用的句子-----试试你会了吗？ 1. 我们对因特网进行分析时都必须包括两点。 There are two main points which must be _______ when we _______ the Internet. 2. 如今，当人们需要信息时，无论是新闻、天气预报还是旅游线路、学术研究，因特网都 是他们的首选。 When people need information, from the news and _______ to travel packages and ______ research, the Internet is now the first _______ they _______. 3. 这项研究表明，在网上花费太多时间的人有离群避世的倾向。 This study shows that people who spend too much time on the Internet _______ ______ from the people and the world round them. 4. 他们也很清楚地表明了那些有网瘾的人是怎样花更多的时间在网友身上而脱离了现实生 活中的学校、工作上的朋友。 They were also quite _______ about how heavy the Internet users spend much time with their Internet friends than ______ their real-life friends from school and work. 5. 托马斯·爱迪生因为无能力而在前两份工作中被解雇了。 Thomas Edison was _______ his first two jobs _________ _________. 6. 让我们看一看可供你选择的两种帮你搜索的服务功能…… Let’s start by looking at the two _______ you can choose between to ______ you in your search... 7. 你获得的链接不是根据主题分类的。 The links that you get __________ subject. 8. 如果你对找到的信息没有把握，你可以查阅其他网页进行核实。 If you are not sure about the information you find, _______ other web pages to _______ it. 9. 只是照抄你找到的这些信息，不仅是欺骗行为而且还违法。 To copy the words just as you found them is _____________________. 10. 然而，当你用它来做研究的时候有一些东西是要牢记在心的。 There are, however, some things to ______ when you use it to do research. 参考答案： 1. included; analyze 2. weather forecasts; academic; source; turn to 3. tend to; withdraw 4. explicit (清晰的)；with 5. fired from; for lack of; competence（能力） 6. services; assist 7. are not classified by 8. consult; confirm 9. not only cheating, but also illegal 10. keep in mind 写作运用 报告事实和数据的邮件 本单元我们要写报告所收集的事实和数据的邮件，这种邮件的正文经常以图表形式提供 材料，相当于图表作文。这种题材也经常以报告、短文的形式来考查。下面就说说图表作文 写作时要注意的词汇和要求。 图表作文分类: bar chart / graph 柱状图 pie chart 饼状图 table 表格 diagram 简图，图表 写作步骤 图表式作文是说明文的一种。一般可分三个层次来写： 1. 按照题目要求描述图表反映的总情况，即概括大意。 2. 对数字进行仔细的比较，抓住特点进行分析、归纳并找出产生变化的原因。 3. 可写读图表后的想法和评论，从而得出自己的结论。 图表作文典型句式  As the chart above shows... 如上面图表所示……  We can see from the graph that… 从表中我们可以看到……  From the table we can find out that… 从表中我们可以发现……  As can be seen from the chart… 如图表所示……  As is shown / described in the chart... 如图表所示……  …has rocketed to the top of the list… ……急速上升直到表格顶部……  …has been declined rapidly… ……已经迅速下降了……  According to the table / chart/ graph, we can see/conclude that … 根据表格/图表/曲线图，我们可以得出结论……  We can draw the conclusion that... 我们可以得出结论…… 归纳总结或发表评论 in a word 总之，in short 简而言之，generally speaking 总的来说  It is clear from the chart that as incomes increase people can afford to live more comfortably and eat well.  In conclusion, the upward trends suggest that more and more computer users will have access to Internet in the future.  In summary, smoking increased three times/ declined twice, with the last downward trend still continuing. 分析数据间的主要差异及描述趋势  表示增加的动词: increase, rise, climb, go up, jump, rocket, double  表示减少的动词: decrease, go down, drop, fall, decline, reduce  表示稳定的动词: remain stable, go on steadily, stay the same  表示变化的形容词: rapid, sudden, sharp, slow, steady, gradual, slight, significant 重大的, dramatic 引入注目的 表示比例的表达法 eighty percent 80%，one/a half 1/2，three fourths 3/4，the rest 剩余的，twice/double 两倍  Three fourths of the students love sports. 3/4 的学生喜欢体育运动。  70 percent of the surface of the earth is covered by water. 70％的地球表面被水覆盖。  The price of houses this year doubles that of two years ago. (is twice that of two years ago) 今年的房价比两年前翻了一番。 描述增减变化常用的句型  The percentage of the students who take part-time jobs in holidays is slightly larger than that of the past.  Compared with last year, our cost of this year dramatically (显著地) increased by 11%.  There was a gradual (逐渐的) increase in the number of teachers who go to have further education. 写作范文 某学校对中学生课余活动进行了调查，结果如下。请根据图表 1 提供的信息描述学生 每天的课余活动，并针对图表 2 中任何一个数据中反映的情况写出你的一个看法。词数不少 于 120。参考词汇：图表 chart The first chart indicates the distribution of the after-school time of the students. To our surprise, most of their after-school time is spent in doing their homework, which takes them 93 minutes on average. Next to doing their homework, they choose to watch TV in their spare time. It’s a pity that the students at present don’t know how to enjoy themselves. Listening to the music and playing on the computer take almost the same amount, while they spend only 35 minutes on physical exercise and housework the least. The second chart shows the division of the after-school time. Although they represent (表现) in different ways, they tell us the same information that the students spend too little time in taking exercise. 课本作文范文 Dear Sir, I went to listen to two speeches about the ways people get news. From the first speaker, I learnt there are different types of news, such as sports results, weather and recent events, and some of them are more suited to sources like radio, newspapers, and television. There is no doubt that the Internet is becoming more and more popular, but the number of people who get their news from the Internet is still small. I have collected some figures from two charts, each of which is a survey of 500 people. According to the two charts, the percentage of people who go first to the Internet for news on emergencies, opinions, weather, the latest news and sports results is respectively (分别地) only 2 percent, 5 percent, 5 percent, 4 percent and 5 percent. However, for news on emergencies and latest events, the percentage of people who turn first to local TV comes to 53 percent and 48 percent. Why will people not turn first on the Internet to get news? The second speaker gave the following reasons: first, the Internet is still not accessible to everyone; second, information on it is often false so people do not always trust the news. Yours, Li Hua 话题作文范文 最近你们班同学对于因特网对人们生活所起的作用进行了热烈的讨论。不同的学生有不 同的观点。根据下面表格中的提示写一篇不少于 120 词的文章，开头已给出，不计入总词数。 认为有积极的影响 1. 可查找信息 2. 方便交流 认为有消极影响的 1. 有大量虚假信息 2. 改变了人们的生活方式，过于迷恋 网络，几乎无法陪伴家人 你的观点 …… 参考范文： The effects of the Internet on our lives Recently our class had a heated discussion about the effects of the Internet on our lives. Different people have different opinions about it. Some people believe that the Internet has positive effects on our lives. First, it is valuable for the people who are searching for information. Second, it enables us to communicate with others more conveniently. However, others think that the Internet has negative effects. Because there are a large amount of false information on the Internet and it is difficult for us to tell which are true. Besides, it transforms the way people spend their time and people spend too much time surfing the Internet instead of accompanying their family members. As far as I am concerned, the Internet has both advantages and disadvantages. We’d better learn to handle the problems the Internet causes. We should control ourselves instead of being controlled by the Internet. What’s better, we should use it as a positive tool to make our lives better.