2021高考英语词汇串记与阅读训练（四十六）

2021 高考英语词汇串记与阅读训练（四十六） Part 1 词汇精炼 初级词汇 Acupuncture is an important part traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). In accordance with the .“main and collateral channels”theory in TCM, the purpose of acupuncture is to dredge the channel and regulate qi and blood, so as to keep the body ’ s yin and yang balanced and achieve reconciliation between the internal organs. It （feature）in traditional Chinese medicine that“ internal diseases are to be treated with external therapy”. The main therapy of acupuncture involves using needles to pierce certain acupoints of the patient ’s body, or adopting moxibustion to stimulate the patient ’s acupoints so as to stimulate the channels and relieve pain. With its unique （advantage）, acupuncture has been handed down generation after generation and has now spread all over the world. Nowadays, acupuncture, along with Chinese food, kung fu (otherwise known as Chinese martial arts), and traditional Chinese medicine, has been （international）hailed as one of the“ four new national treasures.” Exercise 1：将蓝色标记的词汇或者短语写出中文意思 1． 2． 3． 4． 5． 6． 7． 8． 9． 10． 11． 12． 13． 14． 15． 16． 17． 18． 19． 20． 21． 22． 23． 24． 25． 26． 27． 28． Exercise 2：将短文中的空格处补充完整 1． 2． 3． 4． 答案：1. of 2. features 3.advantages 4. internationally Exercise 3：全文翻译 答案 ：针灸是中医学的重要组成部分。按照中医的经络理论，针灸疗法主要是 通过疏通经络、调和气血，来达到阴阳归于平衡，使脏腑趋于调和之目的。其特 点是“内病外治”。主要疗法是用针刺入病人身体的一定穴位， 或用艾火的温 热刺激烧灼病人的穴位，以达到刺激经络。治疗病痛的目。针灸以其独特的优势， 流传至今并传播到了世界，与中餐、功夫、中药一起被海外誉为中国的“新四大 国粹”。 高级词汇 Chinese kung fu, or Chinese martial arts, carries traditional Chinese culture in abundance. It is a traditional Chinese sport applies the art of attack and defence in combat and the motions engaged with a series of skill and tricks. The core idea of Chinese kung fu is derived from the Confucian theory of both“ the mean and harmony”and“cultivating qi”(otherwise （ know）as nourishing one’s spirit).Meanwhile, it also includes thoughts of Taoism and Buddhism. Chinese kung fu has a long history, with multi-various sects and many different boxing （style）, and emphasizes coupling hardness with softness and internal and external training. It contains the ancient great thinkers pondering of life and the universe. The skills in wielding the 18 kinds of weapons named by the later generations （main） involve the skills of bare-handed boxing, such as shadow boxing (Tajiquan), form and will boxing (Xingy iquan), eight trigram palm (Baguazhang), and the skills of kung fu weaponry, such as the skill of using swords, spears, two-edged swords and halberds, axes, tomahawks, koks, prongs and so on. Exercise 1：将蓝色标记的词汇或者短语写出中文意思 1． 2． 3． 4． 5． 6． 7． 8． 9． 10． 11． 12． 13． 14． 15． 16． 17． 18． 19． 20． 21． 22． 23． 24． 25． 26． 27． 28． Exercise 2：将短文中的空格处补充完整 1． 2． 3． 4． 答案：1. Which 2. known 3.styles 4.mainly Exercise 3：全文翻译 答案：中国功夫即中国武术，是将技击寓于搏斗和套路运动之中的中国传统体育项目， 承载着丰富的中国民族传统文化。其核心思想是儒家的中和养气之说，同时兼容了道家、 释家的思想。中国武术源远流长、流派林立、拳种繁多，讲究刚柔并济、内外兼修，蕴 含着先哲们对生命和宇宙的参悟。后世所称十八般武艺，主要指:徒手拳艺，如太极拳、 形意拳、八卦掌等;器械功夫，如刀枪剑戟、斧钺钩叉等。 Part 2 阅读练习 We are the products of evolution,and not just evolution that occurred billions of years ago.As scientists look deeper into our genes( 基 因 ),they are finding examples of human evolution in just the past few thousand years.People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to living at high altitudes.Cattle-raising people in East Africa and northern Europe have gained a mutation(突变) that helps them digest milk as adults. On Thursday in an article published in Cell,a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaptation — not to air or to food,but to the ocean.A group of sea-dwelling people in Southeast Asia have evolved into better divers.The Bajau,as these people are known,number in the hundreds of thousands in Indonesia,Malaysia and the Philippines.They have traditionally lived on houseboats;in recent times,they’ve also built houses on stilts(支柱) in coastal waters.“They are simply a stranger to the land,”said Rodney C.Jubilado,a University of Hawaii researcher who studies the Bajau. Dr. Jubilado first met the Bajau while growing up on Samal Island in the Philippines.They made a living as divers,spearfishing or harvesting shellfish.“We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders,”Dr. Jubilado said.“I could see them actually walking under the sea.” In 2015,Melissa Ilardo,then a graduate student in genetics at the University of Copenhagen,heard about the Bajau.She wondered if centuries of diving could have led to the evolution of physical characteristics that made the task easier for them.“It seemed like the perfect chance for natural selection to act on a population,”said Dr. Ilardo.She also said there were likely a number of other genes that help the Bajau dive. 1.What does the author want to tell us by the examples in paragraph 1? A.Environmental adaptation of cattle raisers. B.New knowledge of human evolution. C.Recent findings of human origin. D.Significance of food selection. 2.Where do the Bajau build their houses? A.In valleys. B.Near rivers. C.On the beach. D.Off the coast. 3.Why was the young Jubilado astonished at the Bajau? A.They could walk on stilts all day. B.They had a superb way of fishing. C.They could stay long underwater. D.They lived on both land and water. 4.What can be a suitable title for the text? A.Bodies Remodeled for a Life at Sea B.Highlanders’ Survival Skills C.Basic Methods of Genetic Research D.The World’s Best Divers 参考答案： 本文是一篇说明文。人类会因为长期的特殊生活环境而进化。本文主要介绍了生活在印 度尼西亚、马来西亚和菲律宾海岸的巴夭人,并对其生活和居住方式进行了说明。 1.B 推理判断题。第一段讲到人类是进化的产物。不过随着科学家对基因的深入研究, 他们发现了人类在过去几千年里进化的例子。据此可知,这里是要介绍关于人类进化的 新知识。故选 B 项。 2.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They have traditionally lived on houseboats; in recent times,they’ve also built houses on stilts in coastal waters.”可知,传统上,巴夭人住在船屋上; 不过最近他们还在沿海水域的支柱上建造了房屋。故选 D 项。 3.C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders...”可知,令 Jubilado 感到惊讶的是,巴夭人居然在水下停 留的时间比当地岛民还要长。故选 C 项。 4.A 标题归纳题。文章主要讲述了居住在海上的巴夭人由于生活环境特殊而进化,故 A 项“为(适应)海上生活而重新塑造的躯体”适合做标题。