2020年中考英语一轮复习冠词用法讲解
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2020年中考英语一轮复习冠词用法讲解

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时间:2021-07-21

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中考英语冠词用法讲解 考点 1、冠词用法 冠词的句法功能 1.a 和 an 的区别 不定冠词有 a 和 an 两种形式,a 用于辅音音素(不是辅音字母)开头的词前,an 用于元音音素(不是元音 字母)开头的词前。 元音字母开头但发辅音因素用 a : university, European(欧洲的, useful, unit, uniform an hour, an island, an elephant, an umbrella, an eleven/eight-year-old boy 八个辅音字母但发元音因素用 an : F, H, L, M ,N, R, S, X 典型例题 误]“Can you help me” “Sorry, I'm in hurry.” [正]“Can you help me” “Sorry. I'm in a hurry.” 批注:不定冠词主要的难点是用在固定词组中,如: have a walk/a rest /a look in a hurry 匆匆忙忙 make a face 作鬼脸 do somebody a favour 帮某人忙 a number of =many have a good time (玩得好) have a cold (感冒) have a headache (头痛) have a break=have a rest(休息一下) 2. 定冠词的用法 典型例题 易错题辨析: 4.[误]I bought the dictionary yesterday. A dictionary is very good. [正]I bought a dictionary yesterday. The dictionary is very good. 批注:在文章中第一次提到某物时用不定冠词,而第二次提到时用定冠词。 5.[误]Please turn off lights before you leave. [正]Please turn off the lights before you leave. 批注:虽然是第一次提到某物但说话双方均知其所指,也应用定冠词。 6.[误]There are nine planets around a sun. [正]There are nine planets around the sun. 批注:世上独一无二的天体等名词前应加定冠词,如:the earth, the moon, the sun, the sky, the sea. 7.[误]I live on a second floor of this building. [正]I live on the second floor of this building. 批注:在序数词,形容词最高级前要用定冠词。如:He is the oldest in the family. 8.[误]I want to learn the second language this term. [正]I want to learn a second language this term. 批注:在序数词的含意不是顺序中的第一第二,而其意在于再学一个,再来一个时,应用 a,本句的意思应 为:这学期我要学一门第二外语。 9.[误]Mississippi is one of the longest rivers in the world. [正]The Mississippi is one of the longest rivers in the world. 批注:在河流名称前应加定冠词,如:the Yellow River(黄河)。 10.[误]Look, there are Alp. [误]Look, there are the Alp. [正]Look, there are the Alps. 批注:具体的某一座山不加定冠词,如:Mountain Tai.但在山名称前加定冠词后,其山名要加 s,来表示山 脉。the Alps 即为阿尔卑斯山脉。如:The Alps are in the center of Europe. 11.[误]Times is one of the oldest newspapers in the world. [正]The Times is one of the oldest newspapers in the world. 批注:报刊名称前应加定冠词。 12.[误]Rich are not always happy. [正]The rich are not always happy. 批注:在形容词前加定冠词表示一类人,而在姓的前面加定冠词,姓后加 s 表示某一家,如:The turners are going to move to New York. 13.[误]The sun rises in east. [正]The sun rises in the east. 批注:在方向、方位前应用定冠词,如:in the east, in the west, in the north, in the south, in the direction 及 in the past, in the future. 3. 零冠词的用法 【难点】 用与不用冠词的差异 1. in hospital 住院/in the hospital 在医院里 2. in front of 在……(外部的)前面/in the front of 在……(内部的)前面 3. take place 发生/take the place(of)代替 4. go to school 上学/go to the school 到学校去 5. next year 明年/the next year 第二年 6.a teacher and writer 一位教师兼作家(一人)/a teacher and a writer 一位教师和一位作家(两人) 典型例题 易错题辨析: 14.[误]Would you please buy some food for the supper [正]Would you please buy some food for supper 批注:泛指一日三餐前无定冠词。 15.[误]I like to climb the mountain in the autumn. [正]I like to climb the mountain in autumn. 批注:一年四季前不用定冠词,如:Spring is the best season in a year. 16.[误]Sometimes my parents come to school to see me. [正]Sometimes my parents come to the school to see me. 批注:有些名词被用作其本身原来所含目的时不加冠词,如:go to school 上学,leave school(辍学), after school(放学),但如果当建筑物讲时应加冠词,如例句中其父母来校不是上学,而是看 望孩子,则要加定冠词。又如:He was in hospital for two days.(他在医院住院两天了。)而:He went to the hospital to see his mother.他去医院看望他的母亲。 17.[误]I went to New York by his car. [正]I went to New York by car. [正]I went to New York in his car. 批注:by 仅仅与交通工具相连表示应用某种工具,而加了别的修饰词后其前面的介词也应作相应的转换。 如:by car (坐小汽车)by taxi (坐出租车)by bike (骑自行车)by water (乘船)by air (乘飞机)by sea (乘船) 4. 冠词与形容词+名词结构 1) 两个形容词都有冠词,表示两个不同东西。 He raises a black and a white cat. 他养了一只黑猫和一只白猫。 The black and the white cats are hers. 这只黑猫和白猫都是他的。 2) 如后一个形容词无冠词,则指一物。 He raises a black and white cat. 他养了一只花猫。 5. 冠词位置 1) 不定冠词位置 不定冠词常位于名词或名词修饰语前。注意: a. 位于下列形容词之后: such,what,many,half I have never seen such an animal. Many a man is fit for the job. b. 当名词前的形容词被副词 as, so, too, how, however, enough 修饰时,不定冠词应放在形容词之 后: It is as pleasant a day as I have ever spent. so short a time. too long a distance. c. quite,rather 与单数名词连用,冠词放在其后。 但当 rather,quite 前仍有形容词,不定冠词放其前后均可。如:quite a lot 2) 定冠词位置 定冠词通常位于名词或名词修饰语前,但放在 all,both,double,half,twice,three times 等 词之后,名词之前。 All the students in the class went out. 班里的所有学生都出去了。 [误]Mary began to learn how to play piano when she was three. [正]Mary began to learn how to play the piano when she was three. 批注:在乐器前要加定冠词,而在球类游戏之前则不要加冠词,如:They like to play bridge when they are free. (他们空闲时爱打桥牌) 批注:以上内容总结为速记口诀:名词是秃子,常要戴帽子。可数名词单,须用 a 或 an。辅音前用 a,an 在 原音前。若为特指时,则须用定冠。复数不可数,泛指 the 不见。碰到代词时,定冠均不见。 强化练习 1. There will be _____ interview between the manager and his assistants this afternoon.. A. an B. a C. the D. / 2. Little Tony is __________honest boy. He never tells lies. A. a B. an C. / D. the 3. Please stay for dinner. It will be ready in half ______ hour. A. a B. an C. the D. / 4. Can you see _____ one-eyed cow in _____field? A..an, the B..a, the C../, the D..a, a 5. A: Which girl is your daughter, Mr. White? B: Oh, look, that little one in red. A. a B. an C. / D. the 6. His father is ________ engineer. He always wears _______ uniform at work. A. a...a B. a...an C. an...a D. an...an 7. ______ young man beside me is _______ university student. A. An…a B. An…/ C. The…an D. The…a 8. ______ girl with a toy in her hand is my little sister. A. A B. An C. The D. / 9. My friend, Harry, his favorite sport is playing ______golf. A. a B. an C. the D. / 10. Last week, I wrote ______ article on our School Food Festival to Shanghai Students’ Post. A. the B. an C. a D. / 11. It’s ______ pleasure for me to be invited to play _____ piano at the concert. A. the, a B. a, the C. a, a D. a, / 12. I like to read ______ book. It’s better than reading on the Internet. A. / B. a C. an D. The 13. He ordered a book some time ago and now __book has arrived. A. a B. the C. an D. / 14. He ordered a washing machine by phone two days ago, and machine has arrived. A. a B. an C. the D. / 15. __________ teacher said that Jack was__________ new student and he was________ honest. A. The, a, \ B. A, the, a C. A, a, an D. The, a, an 16. Tom likes playing ______football, while Lily likes playing violin. A. the…/ B. / …the C. the…the D. /…/ 17. Please get everything ready. Our meeting will begin in half ______ hour. A. a B. an C. the D. / 18. It’s about half ________ hour’s walk from here to _________ nearest underground station. A. a…the B. an…the C. /…the D. the…a 19. More college graduates would like to work in ______ west part of our country____ next year. A. the, the B. /,/ C. /, the D. the, / 20. My grandpa used to have ______ walk in the garden after ____ supper. A. a, a B. /, a C. a, / D. /, / 21. The scientists from _____ United States live in ______ Ninth Street. A. the, the B. /, the C. /, / D. the, / 22. There is ____ report in today’s newspaper. It’s about the International Film Festival,Shanghai. A. a B. an C. the D. / 23. Mr. Wang is ___ ambulance man. He is always busy with the work. A. a B. the C. an D. The 24. The old lady teaches children to play ______ piano at a weekend school. A. a B. an C. the D./ 25. Linda always takes ______ active part in sports after school. A. / B. a C. an D. the 26. Can I have ______look at the photo of your pen friend. A.a B.an C./ D.the 27.My brother likes drawing very much and his dream is to become_____ architect. A.the B. a C, an D,/ 28. In the United States, Father’s Day is on ________ third Sunday in June. A. a B. an C. the D./ 29. Anna ordered a square umbrella from the Taobao net last week and now ______ umbrella has arrived. A. a B. an C. the D. / 30. Cindy, do you have _______ e-mail addresses? I want to send you some photos. A. a B. an C. the D./ 31. Cormorant fishing is _______ traditional Chinese skill, but few people know it now. A. a B. an C. the D./ 32. The soldier ran down the stairs, two at time. A. a B. an C. the D. / 33.I can see a small dog in the garden. dog is my neighbour's. A. A B.The C. / D. An 34. “Who knows the _______ answer to the question?” the teacher asked. A. a B. an C. the D. / 35. The double Ninth Festival reminds us to respect ____ elderly. A. a B. an C. the D. / 36. Please take short shower and don't waste water. A. a B.an C. the D. / 37. Japan attacked Pearl Harbor (珍珠港) of the united States in December, 1941. A./ B.a C.an D. the 38. Diana often helps her mother lay ________ table before dinner. A. a B. an C. the D./ 39. There is "h" in the word •'honest", but it is not pronounced. A./ B.a C.an D. the 40. My parents asked me to send them e-mail once a week. A. a B. an C. the D. / 41. It's so hot. Let's go for swim, shall we? A./ B.a C.an D.the 42.At least 89 people were killed when _______ fire took place in a hospital in the eastern Indian city of Calcutta. A. / B. a C. an D. the 43. We are planning______ one-day trip to Century Park during the winter holidays. ______trip must be full of fun, I think. A. a, The B. an, The C. the, A D. the, The 44. Linda got up very late this morning and she went to school in hurry. A./ B.a C.an D. the

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