2020-2021年英语中考英语阅读理解专题经典试题

2020-2021 年英语中考英语阅读理解专题经典 一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析） 1．阅读理解 Some people think only school children do not agree with their parents, however, it is not true. Communication is a problem for parents and children of all ages. If it's hard for you to communicate with your parents, don't worry about it. Here are some advice for you to bridge the generation gap （代沟） . Don't argue （争辩） with your parents. Don't get to your parents when you are angry. Your parents probably won't consider your ideas if you are shouting at them. And you can't express yourself well if you are angry. Go someplace to cool off. Make sure you understand why you are unhappy. Then think about what you want to say to your parents. If you don't think you can speak to them at the moment, try writing a letter. Try to reach a compromise （和解） . Perhaps you and your parents disagree on something. You can keep your disagreement and try your best to accept each other. Michael's mother didn't agree with him about buying a motorcycle. They argued over it. But they finally came to a compromise. Michael bought the motorcycle, but only drove it on certain days. Of course, your parents might refuse to compromise on something. In these situations, it is especially important to show love and respect （尊敬） to them. Showing respect will keep your relationship strong. Talk about your values. The values of your parents are probably different from those of your own. Tell your parents what you care about, and why. Understanding your values might help them see your purposes in life. A good relationship with your parents can make you a better and happier person. It is worth having a try! （1） According to the passage who have a communication problem? A. parents and other people B. only school kids and their parents C. teachers and their students D. parents and children of all ages （2） How many pieces of advice does the writer give us to bridge the generation gap? A. 5. B. 4. C. 3. D. 2. （3） The underlined word "bridge" in the passage means "___________". A. 建立 B 消.除 C 通.过 D 到.达 （4） If the values of your parents are different from those of yours, you'd better ___________. A. argue with them B. keep away from them C. agree with them all the time D. tell your parents what you care about （5） The best title for the passage is ___________. A. How to bridge the generation gap B. How to deal with family problems C. How to be good parents D. How to be a good child 【答案】 （ 1） D （2） C （3） B （4） D （5） A 【解析】 【分析】文章大意：短文 了家 和孩子之 有代沟，主要原因就是缺少沟通，当我 彼此了 解了 方的 点和想法以后，就能很容易的理解 方，从而消除代沟。 （ 1） 理解 。根据第二段第一句 Communication is a problem for parents and children of all ages， 于父母和所有年 段的孩子来 ，交流是个 ，可知交流是父母与孩子的 。故 D。 （ 2） 。根据整篇文章内容及其第三段第一句 Don't argue （争 ） with your parents 。不要和你的父母争 。第四段句子 Try to reach a compromise （和解）。 达成 妥 。第六段句子 Talk about your values 。 你的价 。可知一共 了三点建 。故 C。 （ 3） 猜 。根据上下文 If it's hard for you to communicate with your parents ， don't worry about it 。 Here are some advice for you to bridge the generation gap （代沟） "如果你很 和你的父母沟通，不要担心， 里有一些建 可以帮助你 ⋯代沟。可知作者提供的是如 何消除代沟的建 ， 合 ，即 里有一些建 可以帮助你消除代沟，所以 bridge 意 消除。故 B。 （ 4） 理解 ，根据倒数第二段句子"The values of your parents are probably different from those of your own 。 Tell your parents what you care about ， and why 。 " 你父母的价 可能与 你自己的价 不同。告 你的父母你关心什么， 什么。可知 父母了解你的价 ，可以帮助父母更加的了解你，故 D。 （ 5） 。根据整篇文章内容及其第二段句子 Communication is a problem for parents and children of all ages 。 If it's hard for you to communicate with your parents ， don't worry about it 。 Here are some advice for you to bridge the generation gap （代沟）。 于父 母和所有年 段的孩子来 ，交流是个 ，如果你很 和你的父母沟通，不要担心， 里有一些建 可以帮助你消除代沟。可知本文主要介 怎 消除代沟的建 ， 消除代沟提出一些建 ，故 A。 【点 】考 理解。本文考 和主旨 等常考 型， 要注意从文中抓住关 找答案；主旨 需要 通 全文，了解大意之后找出主 句。 2．根据短文内容 正确答案。 A The 2014 FI FA World Cup, the twentieth World Cup football match, was held in Brazil from June 12th, 2014 to July 13th, 2014. Thirty-two teams from different countries brought us sixty-four wonderful games during the World Cup. This is the second time the World Cup is held in this country and the fifth in South America. Thousands of football fans watched the games. A Bite of China（舌尖上的中国） , a mouth-watering documentary TV program featuring delicious Chinese food, has interested a large number of people. The program has become very popular since it was shown on TV. The documentary provides not only Chinese delicious food but also the relationships between peo ple and food. “ We made this documentary with our respect and love for food. I hope it will help people learn more about Chinese food as well as Chinese culture. ” said the director Mr. Chen. Lu Jialei, a school girl from Hangzhou, China, won the championship of the first Chinese Character Dictation Contest , which made her become famous overnight. Lu is a hard- working girl and always comes top at school. reading and I ’ m crazy about learning Chinese characters. I enjoy the contest and hope more and more people become interested in learning Chinese characters. ” said Lu Jialei after winning the contest. “ I like （1） How long did the 2014 FIFA World Cup last? A. About a week. B. About two weeks C. About a month. D. About two months. （2） Which is NOT true according to the articles? A. Lu Jialei always gets good grades at school. B. The World Cup has been held in South America twice. C. Many people like watching the TV program A Bite of China. D. Lu Jialei hopes more people ca n take much interest in Chinese characters. （3） Where may the articles probably come from? A. A story book. B. A science report. C. A sports magazine. D. The Internet. 【答案】 （ 1） C （2） B （3） D 【解析】 【分析】这篇短文给我们介绍了三段不同内容的短文。第一段是关于今年夏天将 在巴西举行的足球世界杯；第二段是关于《舌尖上的中国》这个电视节目；第三段是关于 第一届汉字听写大赛的冠军卢佳磊。 （1）细节理解题。根据短文的第一段中 the twentieth World Cup football match, will be held in Brazil from June 12 th , 2014 to July 13 th, 2014. 可知，第 20 届世界杯足球赛将于 2014 年 6 月 12 号到 7 月 13 号在巴西举行，时间是持续一个月。故选 C。 （2）推理判断题。根据 Lu is a hard-working girl and always comes top at school. 可知 A 的说 法是对的；根据 A Bite of China（舌尖上的中国） , a mouth-watering documentary TV program featuring delicious Chinese food, has interested a large number of people. 可知 C 的说 法也符合文意；根据 enjoy the contest and hope more and more people become interested in learning Chinese characters 可知 D 也是符合文意的； 根据 This is the second time the World Cup is held in this country and the fifth in South America. 可知，这是世界杯足球赛第五次在南 美洲国家举行，故 B 不对。选 B。 （3）主旨大意题。这篇短文中给我们介绍了三个不同的内容，第一段是关于今年的世界杯 足球比赛将在巴西举行；第二个是关于《舌尖上的中国》这个节目；第三个是关于汉字听 写大赛的冠军卢佳磊。这样的一篇短文应该来源于网上。故选 D。 【点评】阅读理解考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键 词，在文章中寻找答案。 3．阅读理解 Edinburgh is the world's "festival city". The city holds 12 festivals throughout the year, half of which are celebrated during the months of July and August. Hundreds of thousands of people visit the Scottish capital during the summer. Here are some of the events they can enjoy. The Edinburgh This is the original （最初的） Edinburgh festival, which began in 1947. International Actors, musicians, dancers and opera singers from all over the world Festival perform for large audiences. You need tickets for most of the festival's events, which take place in theaters around the city. The Edinburgh This is the largest art festival in the world, with thousands of Festival Fringe performances. Anyone can perform at the festival. Over 20,000 artists can take part. Go to the Royal Mile, one of Edinburgh's main streets, to watch performers such as magicians, acrobats （杂技演员） and comedians. However, it can get very busy, as thousands of tourists and local （当地的） people fill the city streets to enjoy the shows. The Edinburgh The largest book festival in the world began in 1983 and takes place International every year in Charlotte Square Gardens in the center of Edinburgh. There are Book Festival over 700 events for children and adults. You can meet many authors, talk to them, ask them to sign a book or listen to them talk about their stories. The Edinburgh Music lovers come to this festival to enjoy musical performances all over Jazz and Blues the city. Artists perform street theater, dance and circus （马戏） shows in Festival amazing costumes （戏装） . Everyone can enjoy the music and dance performances. （1） What do we know from Paragraph 1? A. Edinburgh is famous for its festivals. B. Edinburgh is the capital of Wales. C. Six of Edinburgh's festivals are held in July. D. Summer is not the best time to visit Edinburgh. （2） Which of the following is the largest art festival in the world? A. The Edinburgh International Festival. B. The Edinburgh Festival Fringe. C. The Edinburgh International Book Festival. D. The Edinburgh Jazz and Blues Festival. （3） Where is the Edinburgh International Book Festival held? A. At theaters around the city. B. In the Royal Mile. C. In Charlotte Square Gardens. D. On Edinburgh's main streets. （4） What is the purpose of the story? A. To describe the city of Edinburgh. B. To describe some festivals in Edinburgh. C. To prove that Edinburgh is the world's art center. D. To encourage more artists to perform in Edinburgh. 【答案】 （ 1） A （2） B （3） C （4） B 【解析】 【分析】主要讲了 Edinburgh （ 1）细节题。根据 Edinburgh is the 的四个节日。 world's "festival city". 可知 Edinburgh 是世界的节日城 市，即以它的节日闻名，故选 A。 （ 2）细节题。根据第二个表格 This is the largest art festival in the world 可知 the Edinburgh （3）细节题。根据第三个表格 The largest book festival in the world began in 1983 and takes place every year in Charlotte Square Gardens in the center of Edinburgh. 可知在 Charlotte Square Gardens 举行，故选 C。 （ 4）细节题。根据全文可知主要讲了 Edinburgh 的四个节日，故选 B。 【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。 4．阅读理解 Some parents are always comparing their children with themselves when they were young, or with other people when they were children. "When I was your age," a father said to his sixteen-year-old son one day, "I was at the top of my class every year. And I knew what I wanted to do when I left school. I had goals. You are always at the bottom of your class, and you have no goals." The man's son said nothing. He had heard this from his father many times. "And when your mother was your age," the boy's father went on, "she had a good job and she was earning money. You don't even have a part-time job. You earn nothing." The man's son still said nothing. He had heard this before, too. "And when your older brother was your age," the boy's father went on, "he studied hard. You just waste your time." And the man's son still said nothing. Finally, the boy's father said, "And when Abraham Lincoln was your age, he worked all day and studied at night." This time the son could not stay silent. "And when Abraham Lincoln was your age, Father," he said, "he was the President of the United States. What are you?" His father had no answer to this. （1） The father compared his son with the following people EXCEPT ________. A. himself B. the boy's brother C. Abraham Lincoln D. the boy's classmates （2） How did the boy probably feel? A. Happy. B. Afraid. C. Angry. D. Surprised. （3） What can we infer from the passage? A. Some parents like comparing their children with other children. B. The boy's father studied very well when he was young. C. The boy was the youngest child in his family. D. The father wanted his son to become President of the USA （4） What is the passage mainly about? A. A happy family on vacation. B. A father complaining about his son. C. A son lying to his father. D. Abraham Lincoln as a child. 【答案】 （ 1） D （2） C （3） B （4） B 【解析】 【分析】主要讲了一个抱怨自己儿子的爸爸。 （1）细节题。根据 "When I was your age," a father said to his sixteen-year-old son one day, "I was at the top of my class every year. 可知爸爸把儿子和自己比较；根据 "And when your older brother was your age," the boy's father went on, "he studied hard. You just waste your time." 可 知爸爸把儿子和男孩的哥哥比较；根据 Finally, the boy's father said, "And when Abraham Lincoln was your age, he worked all day and studied at night." 可知爸爸把儿子和 Abraham Lincoln 比较，没有把儿子和同学比较，故选 D。 （ 2）推断题。根据全文可知爸爸一直抱怨儿子，把儿子和他人比较，所以儿子是生气 的，即 angry，故选 C。 （3）细节题。根据 "When I was your age," a father said to his sixteen-year-old son one day, "I was at the top of my class every year.可知爸爸小时候在班级里是好学生，即学习好，故选 B。 （ 4）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了一个抱怨儿子的爸爸，故选 B。 【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意 从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了 解大意之后找出中心思想。 5．阅读理解 Some people think only school children do not agree with their parents. However, it is not true. Communication is a problem for parents and children of all ages. If it's hard for you to communicate with your parents, don't worry about it. Here is some advice for you to bridge the generation gap （消除代沟） . Don't argue with your parents. Don't get to your parents when you are angry. Your parents probably won't consider your ideas if you are shouting at them. And you can't express yourself well if you are angry. Go to some-place to calm down. Make sure you understand why you are unhappy. Then think about what you want to say to your parents. If you don't think you can speak to them at the moment, try writing a letter. Try to reach a compromise （和解） .Perhaps you and your parents disagree on something. You can keep your disagreement and try your best to accept each other. Michael's mother didn't agree with him about buying a motorcycle. They argued over it. But they finally came to a compromise. Michael bought the motorcycle, but only drove it on certain days. Of course, your parents might refuse to compromise on something. In these situations, it is especially important to show love and respect to them. Showing respect will keep your relationship strong. Talk about your values. The values of your parents are probably different from those of your own. Tell your parents what you care about and why. Understanding your values might help them see your purposes in life. A good relationship with your parents can make you a better and happier person. Please have a try! （1） The passage tells us have a communication problem. A. parents and other people B. school kids and their parents C. teachers and their students D. parents and their children of all ages （2） Your parents probably won't consider your ideas if you . A. don't often get to them B. write a letter to them C. don't speak to them politely D. express yourself well （3） The underlined phrase "calm down" in the passage means " ". A. make yourself happy B. get yourself quiet and relaxed C. have a good rest D. hide yourself quickly （4） From the passage we can learn that . A. parents and children should not have a generation gap B. parents should show love and respect to their children C. there are some good ways to bridge the generation gap D. there are so many serious problems in families today 【答案】 （ 1） D （2） C （3） B （4） C 【解析】 【分析】文章大意：有些人认为只有学校的孩子不同意他们的父母。但事实并非 如此。沟通对所有年龄段的父母和孩子都是一个问题。如果你很难与父母沟通，不要担 心。短文为我们提供了一些见建议，告诉我们如何弥合代购，同时告诉我们，只有与父母 和好相处的人才会更有出息。 （ 1）细节理解题，根据 Communication is a problem for parents and children of all ages. 可知短文谈论的是孩子和父母所面临的最为平常的问题，故答案是 D。 （ 2）细节理解题，根据 Your parents probably won't consider your ideas if you are shouting at them. 可知，如果喊叫着跟父母说，父母是不会同意你的想法的，故答案是 C。 （ 3）细节理解题，根据 And you can't express yourself well if you are angry. Go to some-place to calm down. Make sure you understand why you are unhappy. Then think about what you want to say to your parents. 可知， calm down 是冷静，镇静的意思，故答案是 B。 （4）逻辑推理题，根据文章内容可知，本文主要讲述如何弥补代沟的建议，所以代沟是 有好多办法来弥补的，故答案是 C。 【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和逻辑推理题。细节理解题可以直接从文中 寻找答案；逻辑推理题需要结合具体语境，有已知内容推出未知的可能的事实。 6．阅读理解 Roald Dahl was one of the most successful writers of children's books. He sold millions of books all over the world. Many of his books have been made into films and videos. He is so famous that there is even a Roald Dahl Museum you can visit. Roald Dahl was born in 1916 in Wales, Britain. His father was rich but he died when Roald was very young. Roald and his mother lived a hard life. He had to leave school and went to Africa where he worked for an oil company. In 1939, Roald became a pilot, but he had a bad accident. It made him limp （瘸的） for the rest of his life. After this, Roald went to America where he wrote a story about his experience as a pilot. It was so good that it was put in a magazine. Roald married an American film star. They bought a house in England and had five children. From 1960 to 1965, ： Theo, one of his children, was hit by a taxi and was seriously hurt. Oliva, one of Roald's daughters, died of a strange illness. Soon after this, his wife also had a serious illness. It took her years to get completely better. Gradually Roald became more and more successful. He always did his writing in an old shed （棚） at the back of his house. He always sat in the same old armchair with a wooden board on his lap. "One of the nice things about being a writer," he once said, "is that all you need is what you've got in your head and a pencil and a bit of paper." In 1983 Roald won a big prize for his book The BFG. During his life, Roald wrote many famous books, such as Charlie and the Chocolate Factory, Matilda, Fantastic Mr Fox. After he died in 1990, Roald left money to help people with serious illness and those with problems with reading and writing. （1） Roald Dahl was famous as a（ n） . A. doctor B. teacher C. actor D. writer （2） After Roald went to America, he . A. lost his parents in a plane accident B. wrote a story about his pilot experience C. got married with an English film star D. won a big prize for his book Matilda （3） Which of the following is the best for the blank in Paragraph 4? A. they lived a happy life B. three terrible things happened C. he went on writing books D. he created some unlucky characters （4） What Roald said in Paragragh 6 mainly shows that . A. being a writer was a popular job at that time B. one needs to practise a lot if he wants to be a writer C. Roald loved writing very much and was talented in it D. though he was successful, Roald lived a simple life 【答案】 （ 1） D （2） B （3） B （4） C 【解析】 【分析】主要讲了罗尔德 ·达尔是最成功的儿童读物作家之一。他在全世界卖了几 百万本书。他的许多书都被拍成了电影和录像带。 （1）细节题。根据 Roald Dahl was one of the most successful writers of children's books. 可知 是成功的儿童读物作家之一，故选 D。 （2）细节题。根据 After this, Roald went to America where he wrote a story about his experience as a pilot. 可知 Roald 去了美国后写了一部关于飞行员经历的故事，故选 B。 （3）细节题。根据后文 Theo, one of his children, was hit by a taxi and was seriously hurt. Oliva, one of Roald's daughters, died of a strange illness. Soon after this, his wife also had a serious illness. It took her years to get completely better. 他的一个孩子西奥被出租车撞了，伤得 很重。奥利瓦，罗尔德的一个女儿，死于一种奇怪的疾病。不久之后，他的妻子也得了 重病。她花了很多年才完全康复，可知讲的是 3 个可怕的事情发生了，故选 B。 （4）细节题。根据 "One of the nice things about being a writer," he once said, "is that all you need is what you've got in your head and a pencil and a bit of paper." 可知 “作为一个作家的好处 之一， ”他曾经说， “就是你所需要的就是你脑子里的东西，一支铅笔和一张纸，即 非常喜欢写作，并且在写作方面有天赋，故选 C。 【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。 Roald 7．阅读理解 John and Jack met at the old bench every afternoon. Then they played football. But they didn't have enough money to buy a real football. So Jack made a ball out of old socks covered with a piece of plastic, Every time, the two friends didn't stop kicking and running until very late. On Monday afternoon, John and Jack met again at the old bench. Soon the home-made ball was running across the grass. The boys laughed and shouted happily. The ball was stopped by a boy wearing a nice pair of sports shoes. John was upset when he saw the boy was Steven. The next morning, John's mother gave him a bill." Your uncle sent you a birthday present, she smiled. John's eyes grew big when he saw the $100 bill. Later that day ， his mother bought a new pair of sports shoes and a real football. That afternoon Steven invited John to play football. Steven did not want Jack to join them only because Jack's sports shoes were dirty. When the game was over, John and Steven walked past the old bench where Jack was sitting. Steven picked up a stone and threw it at him. John, holding his new football in his hands, walked on and did not look back. Several days later. As John walked. Past the old bench, he saw something lying under it. He looked closer and saw it was the home made ball, John was full of sadness when he saw the ball. As his sadness turned to anger, he picked up his new football and kicked it into the air. Then he walked to the bench, sat down and waited. （1） When John and Jack were. Playing with their home- made ball, they felt______. A. sad B. glad C. unfair D. angry （2） What present did John get from his uncle? A. A bill. B. A football. C. A home-made football. D. A new pair of shoes, （3） Why didn't Jack play football with John and Steven? （4） John sat on the bench and probably waited for______. A. his mother B. Jack C. Steven D. his uncle （5） What is the best title for the passage? A. A birthday present B. A football match C. A home-made football D. A new football 【答案】 （ 1） B （2） A （3） D （4） B （5） C 【解析】 【分析】主要讲了 John 和 Jack 每天下午一起踢足球，足球是 Jack 自己制作的， 一天早上 John 的妈妈给 John 叔叔给他的 100 美元， John 的妈妈给他买了一双新球鞋和一 个真正的足球，那天下午 Steven 邀请 John 踢足球， Steven 不想让 Jack 加入，因为 Jack 的 鞋是脏的。 （1）细节题。根据 So Jack made a ball out of old socks covered with a piece of plastic, Every time, the two friends didn't stop kicking and running until very late. 可知 Jack 和 John 踢足球到 很晚，所以他们感到高兴，故选 B。 （2）细节题。根据 Your uncle sent you a birthday present, she smiled. John's eyes grew big when he saw the $100 bill. 可知叔叔给了 John100 美元，故选 A。 （3）细节题。根据 Steven did not want Jack to join them only because Jack's sports shoes were dirty. 可知因为 Jack 的鞋子是脏的，所以 Steven 没有邀请 Jack，故选 D。 （4）推断题。根据 Then he walked to the bench, sat down and waited. 可知 John 走到之前他们 见面的长凳坐下，等待 Jack，故选 B。 （ 5）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了 John 和 Jack 一起踢 Jack 自己制作的足球，故选 C。 【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意 从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了 解大意之后找出中心思想。 8．阅读理解 For most people in the West, Valentine's Day（情人节） ends on February 15, but here in Japan it's not quite over until March 15. March 14-exactly one month after Valentine's Day--is White Day in Japan. To really understand what White Day is all about, you have to understand what Valentine's Day in Japan is like. Japanese Valentine's Day is all about men getting presents. Japanese women are usually too shy to show their love, though it might not be true today. Valentine's Day is a great chance to let women show their feelings. Men should return gifts to women on White Day. On both days, chocolate is the gift of choice. More often, the colour of the chocolate is white because of the name of the day. You can also buy flowers, candy or cookies. Does it sound good to you? Don't get too excited when you get chocolate from Japanese girls! They give chocolate not only to their loved ones, but also to men such as bosses （ 老板） and male（男性的） friends. The Japanese first celebrated White Day in 1978. Now it is also celebrated in South Korea and Taiwan, China. （1） In Japan, Valentine's Day ends on ________________. A. February 14 B. February 15 C. March 14 D. March 15 （2） What's the most common White Day gift? A. White chocolate. B. Flowers. C. Candy. D. Cookies. （3） What can we learn from the passage? （4） What's the best title for the passage? A. The history of Valentine's Day B. Valentine's Day C. How to celebrate White Day D. White Day in Japan （5） The writer of this passage may be from ________________. A. Japan B. China C. America D. South Korea 【答案】 （ 1） D （2） A （3） B （4） D （5） A 【解析】 【分析】主要讲了日本的白色情人节。 （ 1）细节题。根据 but here in Japan it's not quite over until March 15. 可知日本情人节直到 3 月 15 日结束，故选 D。 （2）细节题。根据 On both days, chocolate is the gift of choice. 可知巧克力是礼物的选择，故 选 A。 （3）细节题。根据 Japanese Valentine's Day is all about men getting presents. Valentine's Day is a great chance to let women show their feelings.Men should return gifts to women on White Day.可知日本的白色情人节是关于男士得到礼物，并且男士把礼物归还给女士，故选 B。 （ 4）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了日本的白色情人节，故选 D。 （5）推断题。根据全文可知主要讲了主要讲了日本的白色情人节，所以作者可能来自日 本，即 Japan，故选 A。 【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意 从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了 解大意之后找出中心思想。 9．阅读理解 These days haze（雾霾） is around us here and there. In fact, everyone has the power to change their living habits to help reduce it. Many local governments call on their people to take action to make the air cleaner. Transport is one of the biggest contributors （促成物） to haze. When, where, bow, why and what you drive all affect air quality. When one drives to work for one year, he uses as much energy as a bus rider uses in 10 years. So walk or ride your bicycle to work or school whenever possible. If it is necessary, you can use public transport instead of your car. Each person using public transport for a year instead of a car can save nearly a tonne of pollutants, including CO 2, from going into the atmosphere. Carpooling is another way to reduce carbon emissions （排放） . Carpooling is the sharing of car journeys so that more than one person travels in a car. It immediately reduces your car's emissions by half. What you do inside your living space can have a big effect on the air quality outside it. You can do a lot of things inside and around your home that will help you pollute less and save some money. A large amount of our energy supply comes from burning coal, another contributor to haze. By cutting down your electricity use, you are cutting down on haze. So you may try to reduce your use of electricity by turning off lights, using your air conditioner wisely during the summer months, or updating some of your electrical appliances to low-energy models. For example, you can use energy-saving lamps that require less energy and last 10 times longer than common bulbs. （1） Which does the writer think should play an important role in reducing haze? A. City cleaners. B. Haze producers. C. Local governments. D. Common people. （2） We can infer （推断） from the passage that the writer thinks . A. cars can be used only when people have to B. cars should be given up as soon as possible C. cars must be improved to reduce air pollution D. cars may cause the most serious pollution of all （3） We should reduce the use of electricity mainly because . A. we can save a lot of money by using less energy B. coal is now becoming rarer and rarer on our planet C. harmful things come out while electricity is produced D. electrical appliances send out something harmful to our air （4） Which can be the best title for the passage? A. What Are Causing Haze Around Us B. What You Can Do to Reduce Haze C. How Dangerous Haze Is to Our Life D. How Important It Is to Reduce Haze 【答案】 （ 1） D （2） A （3） C （4） B 【解析】 【分析】文章大意：文章主要介绍了几种减少雾霾的方法，第一种为尽量使用公 共交通工具外出，第二种为尽量拼车出行，第三种为减少电力的使用。 （1）细节题。结合第一段第二句 In fact, everyone has the power to change their living habits to help reduce it. 可知，每个人都有能力通过改变自己的生活习惯来减少雾霾。因此，作者 认为在减少雾霾上，普通人应该发挥重要作用， 故选 D。 （2）推断题。由第二段 So walk or ride your bicycle to work or school whenever possible. If it is necessary, you can use public transport instead of your car. 可知，尽可能步行或骑自行车，必要 时乘坐公共交通工具也不要开车。因此作者认为仅当不得已的时候才应该才去开车， 故选 A。 （3）细节题。结合第五段第一句 A large amount of our energy supply comes from burning coal, another contributor to haze. 可知，发电时，我们需要烧煤等，而这会释放出有害物 质，进而污染空气。 C 项意为 “当生产电力时会释放有害物质 ”，符合题意，故选 C。 （ 4）主旨题。通读全文，文章主要介绍了几种减少雾霾的方法，第一种为尽量使用公共交 通工具外出，第二种为尽量拼车出行，第三种为减少电力的使用。故文章主旨在于普通 人可以做些什么、采取什么措施来减少雾霾，故选 B。 【点评】考查阅读理解能力，首先通读全文，掌握大意，然后根据问题在文章中找到依 据，选出正确答案，注意阅读方法的运用。 10． 阅读理解 Good food photography （摄影） makes the food look fresh, so many dishes have stand-ins （替 身） , just as movie stars do. "When I get my lights and camera set up, I remove the stand-in and put in the real thing," explains Ray Webber, who photographs food for magazine advertisements. "Sometimes I have to brush the food with its juices because it may have dried out a bit. And when I'm shooting （拍摄） something like tomatoes, I always carry an atomizer （喷雾器） of water to spray （喷洒） them with dew （水珠） just before I shoot." Shooting food outdoors has special problems. "I'm always worrying about flies or worms （虫） coming up the glass," Webber explains. "I am also worried that someday a dog will come up from behind and run off with the food." Once Webber was shooting a piece of cheese outdoors and needed something to add to its colour. Finally he found a plant with lovely blue flowers. When the photo appeared, several people were horrified （惊骇的） , because the plant was Deadly NightShade（颠茄，有毒） . （1） According to the article, both movie stars and some food to be photographed . A. appear on sets（舞台） B. need stand-ins C. look better in soft light D. all of the above （2） Food probably looks best in photographs if it has been . A. sprayed some water B. kept warm C. salted properly D. cooked thoroughly （3） As for outdoor photography, Webber mentions . A. lighting B. worms C. wind D. both A and B （4） Webber is afraid that dogs might . A. bark while he is shooting B. get into his pictures C. steal the food D. upset （打翻） his camera 【答案】 （ 1） B （2） A （3） B （4） C 【解析】 【分析】大意：文章主要介绍了摄影师 Ray Webber 拍照的一些方法。 （1）细节理解题。根据第一段 Good food photography （摄影） makes the food look fresh, so many dishes have stand-ins （替身） , just as movie stars do. 可知，电影明星和一些食物摄影都需 要替身。故选 B。 （2）细节理解题。根据第一段 And when I'm shooting （拍摄） something like tomatoes, I always carry an atomizer （喷雾器） of water to spray（喷洒） them with dew（水珠） just before I shoot. 可知，食物在拍摄之前喷洒上一些水，可能看起来最好。故选 A。 （3）细节理解题。根据第二段 I'm always worrying about flies or worms （虫） coming up the glass .可知，在提到户外摄影的时候， Webber 提到他担心虫子从草那上来。故选 B。 （4）细节理解题。根据第二段 I am also worried that someday a dog will come up from behind and run off with the food. 我同样也担心某天一只狗会从后面出现，带着食物跑了， 可知他担心狗偷走食物。故选 C。 【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题要注意从文中寻找答案。 11． 阅读理解 The Big Wheel Future World New ride opens on May at Adventure The amazing new computer game Park On sale from next week in computer shops and See all the city from it supermarkets Tickets on said at the par k entrance For 2~4 players Adults: $ 3.50 Only $ 35! Under 16 s: 2.50 Jeep Rides Competition Young singer of the Year In the desert York Concert Hall Tuesday and Saturday May 29 2:00 p. m till 6:00 p. m. Win a guitar! $17.50 per person Singers must be under 16 Children must be ever 12 years old Want to know more? Call or text 998456 Tel: 321703 Teen Voice Top Two Books this Month The new magazine for teenagers $ 2 Forest Street by Alan Banks and Best Bike Ride by Interesting stories and pages of fashion Kim Jams and music Order before April 10 for a special price for both On sale every week books — $ 20 Go to www.teenvoice . com www. booksalot . com （1） If you want to know more information about the singing competition, you can ________. A. go to www.teenvoice . com B. go to www.booksalot . com C. call them at 321703 D. call or text 998456 （2） Tom wants to play computer games with his friends, what wilt he choose? A. Then Voice. B. Future World. C. Best Bike Ride D. Forest Street. （3） Which of the following is NOT true? A. Best Bike Ride is written by Kim Jams. B. The new magazine for teenagers is on sale every week. C. Eleven-year-old David is allowed to drive a jeep in the desert on Tuesday. D. Paul and Tina are going to the Big Wheel with theirs 4-year-old son, they should pay $ 9.50 for the tickets. 【答案】 （ 1） D （2） B （3） C 【解析】 【分析】文章大意：主要介绍了六则广告的一些信息。 （1）细节理解题。根据表格四句子 Competition Young singer of the Year， York Concert Hall， May 29， Win a guitar! ，Singers must be under 16， Want to know more ？ Call or text 998456 ．年轻歌手比赛，纽约音乐厅， 5 月 29 日，赢得一个吉他，歌手必须在 16 岁以 下，想知道更多？打电话或者发短信 998456 。可知可以打电话或者发短信 998456。故选 D。 （ 2）细节理解题 。根据表格二句子 Future World ， The amazing new computer game 未来 的世界，神奇的新电脑游戏。可知汤姆想和他的朋友们玩电脑游戏。应该买未来的世界。 故选 B。 （ 3）细节判断题 。根据表格三句子 Children must be over 12 years old．儿童必须超过 12 岁。可知 11 岁的大卫被允许驾驶一辆吉普车在沙漠中行驶是错误的。故选 C。 【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题 的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。 12． 阅读理解 A class teacher, in my opinion, plays an important role in a child's development. Every year when my daughter moves to a new class? I have a usual big worry-her new class teacher. This year, she is moving to Class Three and I can't wait to see how things are going on. Last year, my daughter did not like her teacher at all. It was so bad that she did not look forward to school. It was a year full of trouble and worries. This year, Miss Purity is gentle and humorous. It's hard not to like her. Here are the changes in my daughter. She becomes an early bird. Last year, mornings were like a fight because I had to force Tasha to hurry up when she was preparing for school. I had to pull her out of bed, tell her to take breakfast and then drove her to school. But now, our mornings are like a party. She wakes up early, prepares everything at a high speed and then rushes to school to be with Miss Purity. She's happy. She enjoys school and schoolwork and keeps talking about what they did at school when she comes home. She's responsible. She used to be careless and forgetful. But now she never forgets even her water bottle at school. She makes her bed and helps in the kitchen. Her diary is full of praise. The diary is the tool of communication between the teacher and the parents. Last year, her diary was always full of negative （负面的） reports. One time, she poured water in a child's lunchbox. Another time she threw another kid's textbook in the toilet. Now she begins to share her snacks with those who do not have anything. She's always volunteering to clean the blackboard, the teacher's chair and desk. She does well in school. Finishing her classwork was such a big problem. She had to do it at home. But now, she finishes both the classwork and homework at school. （1） What is the big worry of Tasha's parent every year? A. Who will be Tasha's class teacher. B. Which class Tasha will be in. C. How Tasha goes to school in the morning. D. What Miss Purity looks like. （2） What did Tasha do when she didn't like her class teacher? （3） Which of the following is NOT true about Tasha's past? A. She couldn't finish her classwork at school. B. She often forgot things at school. C. She didn't get on well with her classmates. D. She was careless and silent. （4） What is NOT mentioned about the changes in Tasha? A. Her progress with Miss Purity. B. Her hobbies. C. Her living habit. D. Her behavior at school. 【答案】 （ 1） A （2） B （3） D （4） B 【解析】 【分析】文章大意：主要介绍一个班主任在孩子的成长过程中起着重要的作用。 （ 1）细节理解题。根据第一行 Every year when my daughter moves to a new class ， I have a usual big worry-her new class teacher 每一年，当我的女儿搬到了一个新的班级，我通常会有 一个大烦恼 -她的新班主任。可知，塔莎的父亲每年最大的担心是谁将是塔莎的班主任，故 答案为 A。 （ 2）细节理解题。根据第二段 It was so bad that she did not look forward to school 它是如此 糟糕，她不想上学．可知，当塔莎不喜欢班主任的时候，就不愿意去上学，故答案为 B。 （3）细节理解题。根据文中语句 She used to be careless and forgetful 她曾经是粗心的和健忘 的，可知， D 选项 "她很粗心的和沉默的 " 不正确．故答案为 D。 （ 4）细节理解题。根据 But now ， she finished both the classwork and homework at school．但现在，她完成了在学校的功课和作业．可知， A 选项 " 和 Purity 小姐呆在一起的 进步 " 提到了；根据 But now ， our mornings are like a party ． She wakes up early 我早上就像聚会．她很早就醒了，可知， C 选项 "她的生活习惯 " 提到了；根据 但是现在， he's always volunteering to clean the blackboard ， the teacher's chair and desk ．他总是主动擦黑板，老师的 椅子和桌子．可知， D 选项 " 她在学校的行为． "提到了； B 选项 " 她的兴趣 " 文中没提到，故答 案为 B。 【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题 的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。 13． 阅读理解 Who is the greatest teacher in Chinese history? Many people would say: Confucius （孔子） . September 28is his birthday. He was born over 2, 000 years ago, but people still remember him on this day. Confucius lived in the Kingdom of Lu, part of today's Shandong Province. He lived during the Spring and Autumn Period. His childhood was sad. His father died when he was only 3 and he had to work to help his mother. But young Confucius didn't give up studying. He visited many famous teachers and learned music, history, poetry and sports. Later, he became a teacher and started the first public school in Chinese history. At that time only children from rich families could go to school, but Confucius believed everyone should go to school if they wanted to learn. He had about 3, 000 students in his lifetime. Today, people still follow Confucius' lessons. He told us that everyone has something worthy to be learned. "When I am with three people, one of them must be better than me in some areas. I select their good qualities and follow them. I take their bad qualities and change them in myself. "He also taught us, "All study but no thinking makes people puzzled （困惑的） . All thinking but no study makes people lazy." Confucius is not only a great teacher, but also a famous thinker with wise thoughts about the world and society. His most important teachings are about kindness and good manners. "A kind person should care for others. Be strict with yourself, but he kind to others," he said. （1） Confucius started the first public school so that. （2） Confucius not only gave lessons but also. （3） What can we learn from Confucius according to the passage? （4） Which of the following is the best title for this passage? A. Confucius' teaching methods B. A great man with a hard childhood C. A person who changed Chinese history D. Confucius-a great teacher and thinker 【答案】 （ 1） D （2） C （3） A （4） D 【解析】 【分析】本文介绍了孔子，他 不仅是一位伟大的老师，也是一位著名的思想家，他 对世界和社会有着明智的思考。 （1）推理题。根据 he became a teacher and started the first public school in Chinese history. At that time only children from rich families could go to school, but Confucius believed everyone should go to school if they wanted to learn. He had about 3, 000 students in his lifetime. 他成为一名教师，并开办了中国历史上第一所公立学校。那时只有富裕家庭的孩子才能上学，但是孔 子认为如果每个人都想学习，就应该去上学。他一生大 约有 3000 名学生 可知 孔子开办了第一所公立学校使得贫困家庭的孩子也可以上学 ， 故选 D。 （2）推理题。根据 Confucius is not only a great teacher, but also a famous thinker with wise thoughts about the world and society. His most important teachings are about kindness and good manners. "A kind person should care for others. Be strict with yourself, but he kind to others," he said. 孔子不仅是一位伟大的老师，也是一位著名的思想家，他对世界和社会有着明智的思 考。他最重要的教导是关于善良和礼貌。 “一个善良的人应该关心别人。对自己要求严格， 但他对别人很好， ”他说。 可知孔子不仅上课，而且建议人们表现良好，故选 C。 （3）推理题。根据 He also taught us, "All study but no thinking makes people puzzled （困惑的） . All thinking but no study makes people lazy." 他还教导我们， “只学习不思考 让人迷惑（困惑的）。只思考不学习会让人变懒。 ”可知 思考在学习中非常重要 ， 故选 A。 （ 4）主旨题。根据本文介绍了孔子，他不仅是一位伟大的老师，也是一位著名的思想 家，他对世界和社会有着明智的思考可知 Confucius-a great teacher and thinker 适合做标题，故选 D。 【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及推断题和主旨，推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的 信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。 14． 阅读理解 Need to buy something? Why go to a store? Buy it on the Internet! Need it now? Why wait? Ask to receive it the next day! Each day, more and more people try on-line shopping. In fact, online sales have doubled in the last ten years. But not everyone is excited. Some scientists now say that online shopping is bad for the environment. People are surprised to hear this." They think, I don't need to drive, and the business doesn't need to build a store, so there will be less pollution," says Nuria Prost, an environmental scientist. "But it is not so simple. In fact, online shopping is wasteful. It also adds to air pollution." In truth, the Internet is not always as good a friend to the environment as it seems. For example, most people thought that the Internet would help offices use less paper and other materials. But paper use increased by33percent between 1986 and 1997."Online shopping could have similarly harmful results," says Nevil Cohen, a researcher of environmental science. Part of the problem is what people are buying these days. In the past, people bought things on the Internet that did not require much packing material, such as books and clothing. But now people also shop online for large, heavy pro ducts such as televisions, computers, chairs and tables. These products need to be packed in lots of plastic and paper. This creates a lot of waste. Another problem caused by online shopping is air pollution. When customers buy products and ask to receive them the next day, online businesses often have to send them by air. Airplanes use much more oil than cars and produce more carbon dioxide （二氧化碳） . When people buy a lot of different things from different online businesses, this creates even more travel by airplane. Online product returns are also a problem. For example, an online shoe store may allow customers to return shoes for free if they are wrong size. This doubles the packing materials and number of airline trips required to sell one pair of shoes. "If people want to protect the environment, they need to think before they shop," says Prost. "People need to ask themselves: Is this exactly what I want? Do I really need it tomorrow, or can I wait?" Online stores can also ask customers to pay money for returns. This may make people shop more carefully." Online shopping is fast and easy, "says Prost," but we can't forget the harmful result it has caused to the environment." （1） The passage begins with several questions to . A. introduce the main topic B. describe online shopping C. show the writer's opinion D. list advantages of shopping （2） What is the passage mainly about? A. The Internet is not good to the environment. B. Online shopping causes more air pollution. C. Online shopping is bad for the environment. D. Stop online shopping to protect the environment. （3） Which of the following is to show that online shopping is wasteful? A. Large products need more packing materials. B. Paper use increased by 33 percent about ten years. C. Businesses need to build a store to sell the products. D. Online shopping costs less than shopping in a store. （4） What is probably the best title of the passage? A. A Good Deal to Make B. A Different Lifestyle to Keep C. A Cleaner Way to Shop D. A New Business to Start （5） Which of the following shows the structure （结构） of the passage?（P=Paragraph） A. B. C. D. 【答案】 （ 1） A （2） C （3） A （4） C （5） C 【解析】 【分析】文章大意：文章主要讲述了网上购物对环境的危害，倡导人们清洁购 物。 （1）意图判断题，根据 Each day, more and more people try on-line shopping. In fact, online sales have doubled in the last ten years. But not everyone is excited. 可知，以上的几个问题是为 了引出网上购物的话题。故答案是 A。 （ 2）细节理解题，根据 Some scientists now say that online shopping is bad for the environment. 可知，短文主要在论述网上购物对环境的危害，故答案是 C。 （3）细节理解题，根据 In the past, people bought things on the Internet that did not require much packing material, such as books and clothing. But now people also shop online for large, heavy pro ducts such as televisions, computers, chairs and tables. These products need to be packed in lots of plastic and paper. 可知，网上购买的产品的包装浪费了大量的包装材料，故 答案是 A。 （4）标题判断题，文章主要讲述了网上购物对环境的危害，倡导人们清洁购物，故答案 是 C。 （5）篇章结构题，通过阅读发现第一二段是独立的，接下来的三段是并列部分对于第二 段进行论证，最后一段是总结性段落是对前面三段的总结，故答案是 C。 【点评】考查阅读理解，本题涉及到的题型较多，包括目的意图题、细节理解题、标题判 断题和篇章结构题。目的意图题需要找出句子之间的因果关系，细节理解题需要认真阅读， 仔细在文中寻找答案，标题判断题需要抓住文章的中心，用精炼的短语概括中心，篇 章结构题比较简单，一般来说只要能看明白文章的意思，就可以判定出它的结构方式。 15． 阅读理解 Australia is the largest island in the world. It is a little smaller than China. It is in the south of the earth. Australia is big, but its population is small. The population of Australia is nearly as large as that of Shanghai. Enough laws（法律） have been made to fight against pollution. The cities in Australia have got little air or water pollution. The sky is blue and the water is clean. You can clearly see fish swimming in the rivers. Plants grow very well. Last month we visited Perth, the biggest city in western Australia and went to a wild flowers exhibition. There we saw a large number of wild flowers we had never seen before. We had a wonderful time. Perth is famous for its beautiful wild flowers. In spring every year, Perth has the wild flowers' exhibition. After visiting Perth, we spent a day in the countryside. We sat down and had a rest near a path at the foot of a hill. It was quiet and we enjoyed ourselves. Suddenly we heard bells ringing at the top of the hill. What we saw made us pick up all our things and run back to the car as quickly as we could. There were about three hundred sheep coming towards us down the path. Australia is famous for its sheep and kangaroos. After a short drive from any town, you will find yourself in the middle of white sheep. （1） Australia is . A. the largest country in the world B. larger than China C. as large as Shanghai D. not so large as China （2） In Perth, you may visit a wild flowers' exhibition in . A. October B. January C. May D. July （3） Which of the following sentences is TRUE? A. All the big cities in Australia are seriously polluted. B. Australia is famous for its sheep, kangaroos and large population. C. We ran back to the car because we were in the middle of the white sheep. D. If you go to the countryside in Australia, you will see a large number of white sheep. 【答案】 （ 1） D （2） A （3） D 【解析】 【分析】本文介绍了澳大利亚的人文环境和景色。 （ 1）细节题。根据文章提到的 It is a little smaller than China. 可知，它比中国小一点， 故选 D。 （ 2 ） 推断 题。 根据 文章 提 到的 In spring every year, Perth has the wild flowers' exhibition 可知，在春天，可以看花展，结合澳大利亚和北半球季节相反，可知它的春天在 10 月，故选 A。 （3）细节题。根据文章提到的 After a short drive from any town, you will find yourself in the middle of white sheep. 可知，可以看到很多山羊，故选 D。 【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意 从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。