2020-2021年英语中考英语语法填空训练经典试题
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2020-2021年英语中考英语语法填空训练经典试题

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2020-2021 年英语中考英语语法填空训练经典 一、初三中考语法填空(含答案详细解析) 1. 下面短文,在空格 填入一个适当的 或使用括号中 的正确形式填空。 Strangely enough, some inventions are lost ________ people can't imagine their ________ ( valuable) . A use may need to be "invented" along with the invention. An example is the fax machine. The technology for faxing ________ ( invent ) in the 1800s. It took more than one hundred years, however, for the fax to be seen as useful. In 1843 Alexander Bain invented a machine to ________ ( electrical ) transmit ( ) writing. At first, it was considered ________ ( use) since few people thought there was ________ need for transmitting writing over ________ (wire ) . Eventually the value of the invention was realized, and it was improved ________ office use. By the 1980s, the fax machine became a piece of standard ________ ( equip ) in offices. The reason is ________it can very quickly transmit written documents. Who knows how many other inventions just need to be recognized as valuable? 【 答 案 】 because ; value ; was invented ; electrically ; useless; a/any ; wires ; for ; equipment ; that 【解析】 【分析】主要 了一些 明因 人 不能想象它 的价 而失去,列 真机器 的 明来 明 点。 ( 1)句意:足 奇怪的是,因 人 不能想象它 的价 ,所以一些 明消失了。后句 表示原因,所以用 because;形容 修物主代 修 名 ,their 它 的,形容 修物主代 ,所以后面用形容 valuable 的名 value,不可数名 ,故填 because, value。 ( 2)句意: 真的科技在 19 世 被 明。 invent 明, ,主 technology 是 作 invent 的 承受 者, 时态 是一 般 去 ,所 以用 一般 去 的 被 语态 , 构是 was/were+ 去分 ,主 technology 是不可数名 ,所以用 was, invent 的 去分 是 invented ,故填 was invented 。 ( 3)句意: 1843 年, 山大 恩 明了一种 子 文字的机器。 electrical 子的, 形容 ,副 修 , transmit , ,所以用副 electrically , 子地, 故填 electrically 。 ( 4)句意:起初,它被 是无用的,因 很少有人 有必要通 文字。 be considere 形容 ,表示被 怎么 ,固定搭配,根据后文可知 真的作用后来才被 可,所以起初被 是无用的, use 使用, ,其形容 是 useless,无用的;原因 是很少人 有必要, few 表示否定,所以用 a/any ; wire , ,可数名 ,前面没有表示 数的 a 或者 one,所以用复数 wires,故填 useless;a/any ; wires。 ( 5)句意:最 , 明的价 得以 ,并被改 公用途。 了 公用途才被改 ,所以用 for , 了,故 填 for。 ( 6)句意:到了 20 世 80 年代, 真机已成 公室的 准 。 equip ,装 , ,形容 修 名 , standard , 准的,形容 ,所以用 equip 的名 equipment , ,不可数名 ,故填 equipment 。 ( 7)句意:原因是它能很快地 送 面文件。 the reason is that... ,原因是 ⋯⋯,固定搭 配,故填 that 。 【点评】考查语法填空,考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意,首先读一遍,然 后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。 2.阅读下面的短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 A young man was on a train. As the train turned a Corner, it slowed down and then ________ house came into sight. The house looked so different from the grey Buildings of the City ________ everybody on the train turned to look at it. Some passengers ________ ( begin) to talk about it. The young mas also ________ ( interest ) in the house. He decided to get ________ at the next station and make his way to the house. The owner of the house told ________ ( he) that he was trying to sell the house, But no one would Buy it, as the noise of the trains passing nearby made it ________ ( difficulty )to live in. The young man decided to Buy the house right then and there for $30, 000. He used it for advertising, as the house faced the railway Bend (弯道) . The train had to slow down at the Bend, giving the passengers plenty of time to look at the house. The young man went to several Big ________ ( company) and explained the advantages of placing advertisements on the side of the house. ________ ( final ) , one Company agreed to place some ads. The young man ________ ( pay) $180, 000 for three years of advertising. In this world, turning disadvantages into advantages is the key to success. 【答案】 a; that ;began; interested ; off; him ; difficult ; Companies; Finally ; was paid 【解析】 【分析】本文讲述了一个年轻人以低价买了个地点很差的房子来高价做广告,为 了告诉我们在这个世界上,将劣势转化为优势是成功的关键。 (1)句意: 当火车拐过一个拐角时,它慢了下来,然后一所房子浮现在眼前。 house 是以 辅音音素开头的单数可数名词,其前用不定冠词 a 表示泛指,故填 a。 (2)句意: 这座房子看起来与城市的灰色建筑如此的不相同以至于火车上的每个人都转 过身去看它。 so...that... ,固定搭配,如此 ......以至于 ......,故填 that 。 (3)句意: 一些乘客开始谈论它。描述过去用一般过去时, begin 是动词,它的过去式是 began,故填 began。 ( 4 )句意: 年轻的马斯也对这所房子感兴趣。 be interested in,固定搭配,对 ......感兴 趣,故填 interested 。 ( 5 )句意: 他决定在下一站下车,然后朝房子走去。 get off ,固定搭配,下车,故填 off 。 ( 6)句意: 房子的主人告诉他想卖掉房子,但是没有人会买,因为附近火车的噪音使得 住起来很困难。谓语动词 told 后是宾语,宾格做宾语, him 是 he 的宾格,故填 him 。 (7)句意:房子的主人告诉他想卖掉房子,但是没有人会买,因为附近火车的噪音使得住 起来很困难。 make it+形容词 +to do,固定搭配, 使得做某事怎么样, difficulty 是名词,形容词是 difficult ,故填 difficult 。 (8)句意: 这个年轻人去了几家大公司,并解释了在房子旁边贴广告的好处。根据 Big 是 形容词并大写,可知前后是名词,大写,此处表示专有名词, several 修饰名词复数,故填 Companies 。 ( 9)句意: 最后,一家公司同意投放一些广告。副词谓语句首修饰全句, finally ,是介 词,最后,故填 Finally。 (10)句意: 他们给这个年轻人 18 万美元做了三年的广告。此处表示大公司付给年轻人 广告费,故此处是被动语态,描述过去用一般过去时,主语是 man 第三人称单数,故助动 词是 was,pay 的过去分词是 paid,故填 was paid。 【点评】考查语言综合运用能力,注意谓语的时态,语态,非谓语动词,词性,连词搭配 等多种用法。 3.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 An old man went to India. When he got there, he saw some fruit for sale, but most of it was very cheap. The ________ ( cheap) thing has a basket of red fruit. "How much per kilo?" the old man ________ ( ask) . "Two rupees (卢比) ," the shopkeeper answered. Two rupees in India is almost nothing, ________ the old man bought a whole kilogram and started eating it. However, as soon as he started eating, his mouth began ________ ( burn ) , his eyes began to water, and his whole face became as red ________ the fruit. As he coughed and struggled to breathe, he jumped up and ________, screaming: "Ah! Ah! Ah!" And yet he continued to eat the fruit. Some people who were looking at him shook their ________ ( head) and said, "You are crazy! Those are chili peppers (辣椒) !You can't just eat them by the handful!" The old man said to ________ ( he) ,"I paid for them, so I must eat them." This old man seemed pretty stupid. But are we so much smarter? All of us have ________ (spend) money and time on something-maybe a relationship, or a business, or a job-and sometimes, even if we know there's no hope that things will change, we still continue with it. What we can learn ________ the old man is this: if you've lost a lot over something that doesn't work, let it go and move on. It's better than continuing to lose. 【答案】 cheapest; asked; so; to burn /burning ; as; down ; heads; himself ; spent ; from 【解析】 【分析】文章大意: 篇短文主要 述了一个人因 便宜, 了一些根本不能作 水果的辣 椒。 果因 舍不得自己花的那些 , 持把它 吃完的故事。从而告 我 放弃某些 西比 失要好。 ( 1)句意:最便宜的 西有一 子 水果。 cheap,便宜。根据上文 句 but most of it was very cheap. 提示可知,此句 用最高 ,故填 cheapest。 ( 2)句意: “每公斤多少 ? ”老人 。 ask, ,由 句 An old man went to India. 提示 可知此句要用一般 去 ,故填 asked。 ( 3)句意:所以 位老人 了整整一公斤,开始吃。 句 the old man bought a whole kilogram and started eating it. 是 Two rupees in India is almost nothing, 的 果,故填 so。 ( 4)句意:然而,他一开始吃 西,嘴巴就开始燃 。 burn ,燃 ;固定 构 begin to do sth,开始做某事,故填 to burn/burning 。 ( 5)句意:整个 得像水果一 。固定 构 as ⋯ as,与 ⋯⋯一 ,故填 as。 ( 6)句意:他跳上跳下,尖叫着: “啊!啊! “啊! ”固定短 , jump up and down ,跳上 跳下,故填 down 。 ( 7)句意:有些人看着他, : “你 了! head, ,因前面 some people ,要用 复数形式,故填 heads。 ( 8)句意:老人自言自 道: “我付了 ,所以我必 吃。 ”固定短 , say to oneself ,因 主 是 he,故填 himself 。 ( 9)句意:我 所有人都把 和金 花在了一些事情上。 spend,花 , 。因前面 有助 have,其后要用 去分 ,故填 spent 。 ( 10)句意:我 可以从 位老人身上学到的是 ⋯⋯。固定短 , learn from sb,向某人学 ,故填 from 。 【点 】考 法填空。通 全文理解大意,然后根据上下文或者所 的提示 所缺 部分 行逐一解答。 4. 下面短文,在空白 填入一个适当的 或填入括号中所 的正确形式。 Friends are important to everyone, ________, some people may have trouble ________ ( keep) their friendships. Here are some tips on how to make your friendship ________ ( deep ) and stronger. ★ Be yourself. A lot of teens try not to lose the friendship once they become friends with some people. Though your identity (身份) is always changing, some of your personality will stay pretty much ________ same. Find out ________ those things are, think hard about who you want to be, and then show yourself ________ ( honest ) to the people around you. ★ Avoid gossip (八卦) . Friends shouldn't spread rumors ( 言)about other friends. If you've heard something bad about your friends, ________ ( find ) a proper way of asking them about it by ________ ( you ) . If you're not sure how to talk to them about it, ask a trusted friend for advice. ★Protect your friends. Very often, somebody that you're not close to doubts one of your ________ ( friend ) . It's important to find out both sides of the story, but it's also a good chance to show your friend that you trust him by telling him. ★ Return the care. There are times when a friend will lend you a textbook, or a shoulder to cry on. A good friend will cheer you up when you're in trouble and listen patiently when your friend shares a problem ________ you. Be sure you are as helpful as your friend, because he will take notice and feel good you. 【答案】 however ; keeping; deeper ; the; what ; honest; find ; yourself ; friends ; with 【解析】 【分析】大意:文章主要提出了使友谊变得深厚、坚固的四个建议。 ( 1)句意:然而,有些人可能在保持友谊上有麻烦。根据上文 Friends are important to everyone 朋友对每个人都很重要,可知此处为转折,然而有些人可能在保持友谊上有麻 烦,应用转折连词 however 。故答案为 however 。 ( 2)句意:有些人可能在保持友谊上有麻烦。根据固定搭配 have trouble doing sth. 有麻 烦,可知此处应用动词 keep 的 ing 形式 keeping。故答案为 keeping。 做某事 (3)句意:这里有一些在如何使你的友谊更深厚、更坚固的提示。根据并列形容词比较 级 stronger 更坚固,可知此处应用形容词 deep 的比较级 deeper 。故答案为 deeper 。 ( 4)句意:尽管你的身份总是在改变,你的一些性格基本上会保持一样。根据形容词 same,一样的,可知此处应填定冠词 the 。故答案为 the 。 ( 5)句意:找到那些东西是什么。根据宾语 those things ,那些动词,可知应用疑问词 what 。故答案为 what 。 (6)句意:然后向你周围的人诚实地展示你自己。根据副词修饰动词,可知此处应用形 容词 honest 的副词形式 honestly 修饰动词 show。故答案为 honestly 。 ( 7)句意:找到一个合适的方式问他们。根据下文 If you're not sure how to talk to them about it, ask a trusted friend for advice. 如果你不确定如何和他们讨论,问一个你信任的朋友 要建议,可知此处应用动词原形引导祈使句表劝告。故答案为 find 。 ( 8)句意:找到一个合适的方式自己问他们。根据固定搭配, by oneself ,自己,可知应 用代词 you 的反身代词 yourself ,故答案为 yourself 。 ( 9)句意:某个你不亲近的朋友怀疑你的一个朋友。根据固定搭配, one of+ 可数名词复 数 ,可知此处应填名词 friend 的复数形式 friends ,故答案为 friends 。 ( 10)句意:当你的朋友和你分享一个问题。根据固定搭配, share sth. with sb.,和某人 分享某物,可知此处应填介词 with ,故答案为 with 。 【点评】考查语法填空,注意根据单词在语境中的词性进行必要的变形,同时熟记固定搭 配和基本句型。 5.语法填空 Long long ago, there was a small village in the Middle East. In the village there was________old man called Sthira. He lived by himself. His only son had gone far away to study. Sthira's friends________ ( wonder ) whether his son would return,________Sthira always said," Whatever happens, happens for good." One day the old man's son returned and the villagers were very happy for Sthira. He thanked the villagers and said________ ( polite ) ,"Whatever happens, happens for good." However, later, Sthira's son broke his________ ( leg) . Once again the villagers came to visit him and once again the old man thanked________ ( they ) and said, "Whatever happens, happens for good." Some of the villagers were surprised________ ( hear ) this. Why? What was good? His son's leg got badly hurt! After a few days, the army came to the village and forced all the young men to________the army. When they found his son had a________ ( break) leg, they left him behind. Once again, all the villagers came to congratulate him on his________( good) luck. Like always, the old man was still thankful to them and said," Whatever happens, happens for good." 【答案】 an; wondered ;but ; politely ;leg; them ; to hear ; join ; broken ; good 【解析】 【分析】文章大意:从前,在一个小村里,有一个泰斯拉的老人,不管发生了什 么他都认为是好事。 ( 1)句意:在一个村庄里有一个叫做泰斯拉的老人。 man 是单数,前面需要不定冠词, old 是以元音音素开始的,因此使用 an,故答案是 an。 ( 2)句意:泰斯拉的朋友想知道他的朋友是否回来。根据句首的 long long ago 可知句子 为一般过去时,故答案是 wondered 。 ( 3)句意:但是泰斯拉总是说 “不管发生了什么,都是 好事, ”朋友想知道他的儿子是否 会回来,泰斯拉却说不管发生了什么都是好事,所以使用 but 表示转折,故答案是 but 。 ( 4 )句意:他感谢了村民们,然然后礼貌地说: “不管发生了什么,发生的都是好 事。 ”polite 修饰动词 said,因此使用副词 politely ,故答案是 politely 。 (5)句意:然而,之后,太势力的儿子摔断了腿。摔断的不可能是两条腿,应该是一条 腿,因此使用单数形式,故答案是 leg。 ( 6)句意:村民在一次来看忘了他,他再一次感谢了他们。 they 做 thank 的宾语,应使 用宾格人称代词,故答案是 them 。 ( 7)句意:一些村名听到后感到很吃惊。听到是吃惊的原因,应使用动词不定式做状 语,故答案是 to hear 。 ( 8)句意:几天之后,军队来到村里,强迫年轻人参军。根据 the army 可知是强迫参 军, force sb. to do sth. 固定搭配, to 已经给出,因此使用动词原形,故答案是 join 。 ( 9)句意:当他们发现他的儿子有一条断腿的时候,他们就把他留下了。 break 修饰 leg,因此使用过去分词,故答案是 broken 。 (10)句意:村民再次来祝她好运。 good 修饰 luck,没有任何比较,所以使用原级,故答案是 good。 【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力,答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意,然 后细读文章,字斟句酌逐一作答,注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一 遍,检查验证。 6.阅读下面短文,根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入一个适当的词, 要求所填的词意义准确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 When I was in the middle school, I got into an argument with a boy in my class. The teacher ________( decide ) to teach us a very important lesson. She brought us up to the front of the ________ ['kla:sru:m]and placed him on one side of her desk and________on the other. In the middle of her desk was a large, round object. I could ________( hard )see that it was black. She asked the boy what color the object was. "White," he________[' a:nsa ( r) d] I couldn't________[b ?'li?v] he said the object was white, when it was clearly black! Another argument started between my classmate and me, this time about the________of the object. The teacher told me to stand where the boy was standing and told him to come stand where I had been. We changed________ (place) , and now she asked me what the color of the object was. I had to answer, "White." It was an object with two differently colored sides, and from his viewpoint (视角) it was________. Only from my side it was black. I have always remembered the lesson I learned that day. Sometimes we need to look at the problem from the other ________(person) viewpoint in order to truly understand his/her view. 【答案】 decided ; classroom ; me; easily; answered ; believe ; color ; places; white ; person's 【解析】 【分析】本文介绍了作者明白的认识道理,我们需要从别人的角度来看待问题, 以便真正理解他的观点。 ( 1)句意:老师决定给我们上一节很重要的课。根据 When I was in the middle school 可 知时态是一般过去时 , 故填 decided 。 ( 2 )句意:她把我们带到教室前面根据,定冠词 the 后是名词, ['kla:sru:m] 是 classroom,教室,是名词,故填 classroom。 ( 3)句意:让他在桌子的一边,我在另一边,在她的桌子中间有一个很大的圆形物体。 此处是 placed 的并列宾语,故用宾格,此处指代作者,故用第一人称单数, me,是代词, 我,故填 me。 ( 4)句意:我很容易看出它是黑色的。根据 it was black 可知这个结果是很显然的,故 此处是轻松地,副词修饰动词, hard ,是副词,困难地, easily ,是副词 , 故填 easily。 ( 5)句意: “白色, ”他回答。描述过去用一般过去时, [' a:nsa ( r) d]answered,是动词 过去式 ,故填 answered。 ( 6)句意:我真不敢相信他说那东西是白色的。根据, couldn't 是情态动词,其后是动词 原形, [b ?'li?v] believe,是动词,相信,故填 believe。 (7)句意:另一个争论开始于我和我的同学之间,这次是关于物体的颜色。根据上下文 的白色和黑色可知,是谈论颜色,the 定冠词后是名词, color,是名词,故填 color 。 ( 8)句意:我们换了地方。此处缺少宾语,故是名词,表示彼此的位置,是复数, place 是名词,故填 places。 ( 9)句意:这是一个两面颜色不同的物体,在他看来是白色的。系动词 is 后是形容词, 根据上文我真不敢相信他说那东西是白色的,可知这个位置看是白色的, white ,是形容 词,故填 white 。 ( 10)句意:我一直记得那天的教训有时我们需要从别人的角度来看待问题,以便真正理 解 他 / 她 的 观 点 。 viewpoint 是 名 词 , person是 名 词 , 故 此 处 是 名 词 所 有 格, 故 填 person's 。 【点评】考查语法填空,注意谓语的时态,词性,所有格,和所给单词的读音等多种用 法。 7.阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的 词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 I was born and raised in Ireland and lived there until I was nineteen years old. I came to this country in 1913 where I held several jobs ________ ( earn) a few dollars before enlisting in World War I. After being discharged, I bought my own cab and have owned one ever since. ________ hasn't been too easy at times, ________ my wife takes care of our money and we have a good bit put away ________ a rainy day. Most people think taxi drivers are tough. But I think people get the ________ impression that they are bad. Taxi drivers are just like other people. Most of them will ________ ( regard) as honest fellows. I've been in the taxicab business for thirty-five years. In all my years of driving a taxicab, I have never had any trouble with the public, not ________ with drunks. Even if they get a little headstrong once in a while, I just agree with them and then they behave ________ (they ) . I believe honesty is one of the greatest ________ ( gift ) there is. I believe in God and try to be a good member of my parish. I try to act toward others like I think God wants me to act. I have been trying this for a long time, and the longer I try, the ________ ( easy) it gets. 【答案】 to earn; It ; but yet; for; wrong/false ; be regarded ; even; themselves; gifts; easier 【解析】 【分析】本文讲述了作为出租车司机的作者,在几十年的职业生涯中,认识到诚 实是最宝贵的品质。 ( 1)句意:我在 1913 年来到这个国家,在参加第一次世界大战之前,我做了几份工作, 挣了几美元。不定式做目的状语,故填 to earn。 ( 2)句意:有时这并不太容易,但我的妻子打理我们的钱,我们有一个很好的储蓄,以 备不时之需。 it 指代上文的 I bought my own cab and have owned one 这件事,故填 It。 ( 3)句意:有时这并不太容易,但我的妻子打理我们的钱,我们有一个很好的储蓄,以 备不时之需。根据 hasn't been too easy at times 和 have a good bit put away 可知此处表示转折, 故填 but/yet 。 (4)句意:有时这并不太容易,但我的妻子打理我们的钱,我们有一个很好的储蓄,以 备不时之需。此处表示目的, for ,介词,为了,故填 for。 ( 5)句意:但是我认为人们错误的认为他们是坏的。 impression 是名词,其前是形容词 做定语,根据 Taxi drivers are just like other people. Most of them will 6 ( regard) as honest fellows 可知是错误的印象, wrong/false 是形容词,错误的,故填 wrong/false 。 ( 6)句意:他们中的大多数人将被视为诚实的人。 regard 与主语 most of them 是被动关 系,根据助动词 will ,可知是一般将来时的被动语态,故填 be regarded 。 ( 7)句意:在我开出租车的这些年里,我从来没有遇到过公众的麻烦,即使是酒鬼。根 据 I have never had any trouble 可知此处是副词修饰介词短语, even,即使,是副词,加强 气,故填 even。 ( 8)句意:即使他 偶 有点倔 ,我也只是同意他 的意 ,然后他 就会 矩矩 地行事。 behave oneself ,固定搭配, 矩矩 ,主 是 they ,故反身代 是 themselves , 故填 themselves。 ( 9)句意:我相信 是最好的礼物之一。 one of 后是名 复数, gift 是名 ,故填 gifts。 ( 10)句意:我已 个很 了,而且我 的 越 ,它就 得越容易。 the+ 比 , the+ 比 ,固定搭配,越 ⋯⋯越,故此 是比 , easy 的比 是 easier,故填 easier。 【点 】考 言 合运用能力,注意 的 ,非 , 性, 搭配等多种用法。 8.用所 的适当形式填空,未 的限填一 。 I used to be strongly against telling lies. I can't stand (忍受) lies. ________, a white changed my idea. Several days ago, I invited some friends ________ ( get) together at a bar to celebrate my lie birthday. They promised to meet ________at 5 p.m. When that day came, I got to ________bar early. To my disappointment (失 M ) , only one friend arrived by 4:50 p.m. Did they forget my birthday? I had to keep________ (wait ) for them. Most of them said that they were ________ the way while some said they were still at home. I realized that they wouldn't come on time. At 5 p.m., there ________ ( be) just three people with me. I sat on my chair ________ ( happy) . How could they do this to me? They didn't care about me! I got so angry that I decided to leave. But just at that moment, a group of my ________ ( friend ) came into the room with a big cake in their hands, singing "Happy birthday to you". I was so________ ( surprise ). Ever since then, I didn't hate telling white lies anymore. 【答案】 However; to get ; me ;the ;waiting ; on; were ;unhappily ; friends ; surprised 【解析】 【分析】作者曾 烈反 ,无法忍受 言。但一次他的朋友 在聚会上 他惊喜的 他自此 以后不再 善意的 言。 ( 1)句意:然而,一个善意的 言改 了我的想法。前句 :我曾 烈反 。我无法忍受 言。 里 又 一个善意的 言改 了我的想法, 明出 了 折, 里不是并列句,位于句首逗号前,用 however ,但是,故填 However 。 ( 2)句意:几天前,我邀 了一些朋友聚在酒吧 祝我的生日。 invite sb to do 意 "邀 某人做 ⋯⋯",故填 to get 。 ( 3)句意:他 答 在下午 5 点 我。他 是要来赴 我, meet 后加人称代 格做 ,我, me 是 格,故填 me。 ( 4)句意:那天到了,我早早到了酒吧。名 bar 意 "酒吧 " , 里是特指,表示就是那 个要开派 的酒吧,用定冠 the,故填 the。 ( 5)句意:我不得不一直等他 。 keep doing,一直做 ⋯⋯, wait , ,等待, 名 是 waiting ,故填 waiting 。 ( 6)句意:他们中的大多数人说他们在路上,而有些人说他们还在家里。 路上,表示他们还没到,还在路上,故填 on。 on the way,在 ( 7)句意:下午 5 点,只有三个人和我在一起。这是一 般过去时,最近的主语是 people ,对应的 be 动词是 there be 句型,陈述过去的事情用 were,故填 were。 ( 8)句意:我不开心地坐在椅子上。没来多少人我肯定不开心,根据 How could they do this to me? 可知是不开心,副词修饰动词 sat, unhappily ,是副词,不开心地,故填 unhappily 。 ( 9)句意:但就在那一刻,我的一群朋友带着一块大蛋糕走进房间,唱着 " 祝你生日快乐 " 。 a group of 修饰可数名词复数,故填 friends 。 ( 10)句意:我是如此的惊讶。这里是在 be 动词后加形容词表示状态,形容词 surprised 意为 " 惊讶的 ",故填 surprised 。 【点评】考查语言综合运用能力,注意谓语的时态,词性,连词搭配等多种用法。 9.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It was early and there weren't many people on the road. A girl on a bike passed me ________ (quick ) . She was riding on ice ________ suddenly she fell off her bike a few ________ (step ) in front of me. She was trying hard to get up but fell again. Without thinking, I went over and helped her stand up. She said "Thank you!" to me ________ a smile and then rode away. The words "Thank you" warmed me and this made me feel ________ ( little ) nervous about my new school. When I finally got to school, I was led into the classroom and ________ ( ask) to sit beside a girl. I was so nervous. I knew some of the students were looking at me ________ I didn't dare to look at ________ ( they ) . Soon the first class started. It was English. They used a different textbook from my old school and I didn't have a copy. As I was wondering what to do, a book appeared in front of me. "Let's ________ ( share)," the girl next to me said. I looked up. It was the girl I ________ ( help ) that morning. What a surprise! 【答案】 quickly; when; steps; with ;less; asked;but ; them ; share; helped 【解析】 【分析】本文讲述了作者帮助了一个女孩,后来女孩也机缘巧合的帮助了他。 (1)句意: 一个骑自行车的女孩从我身边迅速经过。副词修饰动词 passed, quickly 是副 词,迅速地,故填 quickly。 ( 2)句意: 她正骑在冰上,就在那时突然她从我前面几步远的自行车上摔了下来。根据 She was riding 和 suddenly she fell off ,可知用 when 引导时间状语从句,表示就在那时,故填 when 。 ( 3)句意:她正骑在冰上,就在那时突然她从我前面几步远的自行车上摔了下来。 a few 修饰名词复数, step 是名词,步子,故填 steps。 (4)句意: 她对我微笑着说 “谢谢你! ”,然后骑车离去。 with a smile ,固定搭配,含笑, 故填 with 。 (5)句意: “谢谢你 ”这句话温暖了我,这让我对我的新学校感到不那么紧张。此处是比 较级表示看到微笑前后的不同心情, little 的比较级是 less,更少,故填 less。 (6)句意: 当我最终到达学校时,我被带进教室,并要求坐在一个女孩旁边。 根据 was led into the classroom and 可知 and 前后一致,都是一般过去时的被动语态,故此处省略助 动词 was,只填过去分词,故填 asked。 ( 7 )句意: 我知道有些学生看着我,但我不敢看他们。根据 students were looking at me 和 I didn't dare to look at ,可知此处表示转折关系,故填 but 。 ( 8)句意:我知道有些学生看着我,但我不敢看他们。根据,故填 them 。 (9)句意: 我旁边的女孩说 : “我们一起用吧。 ” let 后是动词原形, share,是动词,分享, 故填 share。 (10)句意: 是我那天早上帮助的那个女孩。 根据 It was the girl,可知时态是一般过去 时,故填 helped。 【点评】考查语言综合运用能力,注意谓语的时态,语态,词性,连词搭配等多种用法。 10. 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所給单词的正确形式。 Food waste is a world's problem. Every year, about 1.3 billion tons, or one-third of all the food produced is thrown away, according to a survey. ________ (use) just 25 percent of that wasted food could feed 870 million hungry people, which would end world hunger. The people of France wasted 234 pounds of food per person, which is much better than some other________ ( country ) . In the past, France wasn't________at controlling food waste, but now the country takes the lead. A law was________ ( make) by French government. It made France the first country in the world to prevent supermarkets from________ ( throw ) away unused food. Now supermarkets of a certain size must donate unused food, or they will face a fine. ________ are other rules requiring schools to teach students about food sustainability (可持续性) .They also ask companies to report the food waste numbers in their environmental reports. And restaurants should provide take-out bags. These laws make it a standard to reduce waste." says Marie Mourad, a student in Paris who has ________ ( write ) several reports on French food waste." France is not the country that wastes the least food, ________ Frenchmen have become the most active because they want to be the example in Europe.'* This step has influenced parts of French food industry. It is everyone's duty to fight ________ food waste. Everyone on the earth should ________ attention and take action. 【答案】 Using; countries ; good ; made; throwing ;There; written ; but ; against; pay 【解析】 【分析】本文介绍了食物浪费的问题。 ( 1)句意:仅用这些浪费食物的 25%就可以养活 8.7 亿饥饿的人,这将结束世界的饥饿。 use 是动词,使用,位于句首,用动名词做主语,故填 Using 。 ( 2)句意:法国人民每人浪费了 234 磅食物,比其他一些国家要好得多。 词,国家, some other+ 名词复数,一些其他的 ......,故填 countries 。 country 是名 ( 3)句意:过去,法国并不擅长控制食物垃圾,但现在这个国家在这方面处于领先 地位。 be good at ,固定搭配,擅长,故填 good 。 ( 4)句意:法国政府制定了一项法律。根据助动词 was 可知此处是被动语态,动词 make 的 去分 是 made,制作,故填 made。 ( 5)句意:它使法国成 世界上第一个防止超市 弃不用的食品的国家。 其后是 名 , throw 是 ,扔,故填 throwing 。 from 是介 , ( 6)句意: 有其他的 定要求学校教学生食物可持 性 。根据 are 可知,此 是 there be 句型,有,故填 There。 ( 7)句意:巴黎的一位学生,写 几篇关于法国食物垃圾的 道。根据助 此 是 在完成 ,故填 去分 , write 是 ,其 去分 是 written has 可知 ,故填 written 。 ( 8)句意:法国不是一个浪 最少食物的国家,但是法国人之所以成 最活 的国家, 是因 他 想成 欧洲的榜 。根据 France is not the country that wastes the least food, 和 Frenchmen have become the most active ,可知此 表示 折关系,故填 折 词 but ,但是 , 故填 but 。 ( 9)句意:与食物浪 作斗争是每个人的 任。 fight against ,固定搭配, 与 ⋯⋯作斗争 , 故填 against。 ( 10)句意:地球上的每个人都 注意并采取行 。 pay attention ,固定搭配,主 , should 是情 ,其后是 原形,故填 pay。 【点 】考 言 合运用能力,注意 的 ,非 , 性, 搭配等多种用法。

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