Unit 3 The world meets China
Ⅰ.匹配词义
A．单词匹配
( )1.oasis A．n.活动中心，汇集地
( )2.glorious B．v.(地方、机构等)自豪地拥有(好的 事物)
( )3.testimony C．n. 证据；证明
( )4.mural D．n.(沙漠中的)绿洲
( )5.boast E．n.壁画
( )6.scroll F．adj.辉煌的
( )7.crossroads G．adj.天国的
( )8.heavenly H．n.纸卷，卷轴
[答案] 1－5 DFCEB 6－8 HAG
B．短语匹配
( )1.vary from...to... A．覆盖……面积
( )2.cover an area of... B．详细地
( )3.bring...to life C．多亏了
( )4.thanks to D．使……恢复生机
( )5.in detail E．从……到……不等
[答案] 1－5 EADCB
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．gateway n． 通往……的门户
2．grotto n. 小洞穴
3．coverage n. 覆盖范围
4．statue n. 雕像；塑像
5．religious adj. 宗教的
6. peak n. 高峰，顶点
7．expo n. 展览会，博览会
8．strengthen v. 加强
Ⅰ.语境填词
boast；gateway；religious；peak；statue；grotto；strengthen；side by side；coverage；
glorious
1．It is a glorious chapter in our country's history.
2．She is at the peak of her career.
3．The two hotels both boast two swimming pools and a golf course.
4．Religious is a word that is connected with religion or with a particular
religion.
5．Coverage is the range or quality of information that is included in a book
or course of study，on television，etc.
6．A gateway is a place through which you can go to reach another larger place.
7．A grotto is a small cave，especially one made artificially in a garden.
8．The exercises are designed to strengthen your stomach muscles.
9．There were two children ahead，walking side by side．
10．A statue is a figure of a person or an animal in stone，metal，etc.
Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词
1．The sun，moon，stars and planets are heavenly(heaven)bodies.
2．The devoted religionist(religion)goes to church every week.
3．This boy is pushing the heavy tire with all his strength(strong)．
4．Since then，we have made remarkable(remark)progress.
5．She trains everyday to strengthen (strength)her arms.
6．It is a glorious(glory)thing to die for the people.
7．What do you think of the decoration(decorate)on the carved wooden door?
8．This is a detailed(detail) road map.
9．The boy who bought a piece of bread with his remaining(remain)money remained
hungry.
1．Today，Dunhuang is a worldclass tourist destination boasting sites with
UNESCOprotected heritage status.
今天，敦煌是世界级的旅游目的地，拥有受联合国教科文组织保护的遗产的地位。
2．Known as the Mogao Grottoes，these ancient caves were carved out of the rock
over a period of 1，000 years.
被称为莫高窟的这些古老的洞穴是在岩石上雕凿出来的，历时 1 000 年。
3．Representations of these heavenly musicians，singers and dancers decorate
the walls of many caves.
表现这些天国的音乐家、歌唱家和舞蹈家们的壁画装饰着许多洞壁。
4．The Apsaras are depicted sailing in the bright blue sky，with their scarves
flying，as if they are about to fly down to meet us.
飞天被描绘成围着丝巾，飘在蔚蓝的天空中，好像要飞下来与我们相会。
5．The scrolls also reveal how many different communities lived side–by– side
within this great city.
卷轴还揭示了有多少不同的群体曾相安无事地生活在这个伟大的城市里。
词汇积累
①gateway n．通往……的门户
②oasis n．(沙漠中的)绿洲
③ahead of (时间、空间)在……前面；早于；领先
④glorious adj.辉煌的
⑤commercial adj.贸易的；商业的；赢利的
commerce n. (尤指国际间的)贸易；商业；商务
⑥boast v．（地方、机构等）自豪地拥有（好的事物）
⑦be known as 作为……而出名
be known for 因为……而出名
be known to 被……所熟知
⑧testimony n.证据；证明
⑨element n．要素；基本部分
⑩mural n．壁画
⑪cover an area of 覆盖……面积
⑫vary from A to B 从 A 到 B 变化
⑬unique adj.唯一的；独一无二的
⑭heavenly adj.天国的
⑮decorate v．装饰
be decorated with 用……装饰
decoration n．装饰
⑯depict v．描绘；描画
⑰in detail 详细地
⑱peak n．高峰，顶点
⑲reflect v．反映；反射；反思
reflection n．映像；反映；表达
⑳extraordinary adj.非凡的
○21seal v．封上(信封)；密封(容器)；封盖……的表面
○22hidden adj.难以看见(或发现)的；隐藏的；(地方)隐秘的
○23a stone's throw 一箭之地；一箭之遥；附近
○24date from＝date back to 追溯到
○25thanks to 多亏了
○26import v．进口
○27export v．出口
○28name v．说出……的名称
○29reveal v．揭示；显示
○30prosperous adj.繁荣的；成功的；兴旺的
○31fade v．(使)变淡，变暗
○32bring...to life 使……焕发生机
○33the Belt and Road Initiative 一带一路
原文呈现
WELCOME TO DUNHUANG!
Welcome to Dunhuang! On the old Silk Road，this city was the gateway① to and from
Ancient China，a place where East met West，and a green island in the middle of the
desert.You can only imagine how travellers felt when they saw the oasis② of Dunhuang
ahead of③ them.[1]
[1]本句是复合句。You...felt 是主句，其中 how travellers felt 是宾语从句，作 imagine
的宾语；when...them 是时间状语从句。
Dunhuang's long and glorious④ history represents its significance as a centre
of cultural and commercial ⑤ exchange.Today，Dunhuang is a worldclass tourist
destination boasting⑥ sites with UNESCOprotected heritage status.Now，we are going
to enter some of the city's famous caves，of which there are more than 700.Known as
⑦ the Mogao Grottoes，these ancient caves were carved out of the rock over a period
of 1，000 years.If you look up，you can see the paintings and other artworks that
are testimony⑧ to how the Silk Road brought East and West together.[2]Look at these
statues! You can see elements⑨ from Ancient Greece，India and Iran.Now look around
the walls of the cave.Come a little bit closer so that you can get a better view.Look
at them! The murals⑩ cover an astonishing area of⑪ 45，000 square metres.
[2]本句是复合句。If you look up 是条件状语从句；you can...together 是主句，其
中 that are...together 是定语从句，修饰先行词 the paintings and other artworks；
how...together 是宾语从句，作介词 to 的宾语。
The subjects of the Dunhuang murals vary from religious stories to⑫ scenes of
everyday life.But one type of mural that is unique⑬ to Dunhuang shows the Apsaras，
or“Flying Immortals”．Representations of these heavenly⑭ musicians，singers and
dancers decorate⑮ the walls of many caves.Take a look at this mural.The Apsaras are
depicted⑯ sailing in the bright blue sky，with their scarves flying，as if they are
about to fly down to meet us.[3]And here is another one.Move over here where you can
see it in more detail⑰.The Apsaras are holding lotuses，playing musical instruments，
dancing and throwing flowers.The painting of Apsaras reached a peak⑱ during the Tang
Dynasty；these images are full of life，reflecting⑲ the confidence and optimism of
people from that time.
[3]本句是复合句。The Apsaras...sky 是主句，with their scarves flying 是 with 的
复合结构作状语，as if they are about to fly down to meet us 是方式状语从句。
Now，something really extraordinary⑳ happened in 1900，when a Taoist priest made
one of the most important finds of the 20th century.In a sealed○
21
cave，now known as
the famous Library Cave，were hidden○
22
thousands of manuscripts，paintings and scrolls，
as well as silk embroideries.We'll have a chance to see some of them shortly—the
Library Cave is only a stone's throw○
23
from here.Dating from○
24
405 AD to 1002 AD，
these hidden treasures give us a picture of Dunhuang when it was at the very centre
of the Silk Road trade.Thanks to○
25
this ancient library，we now know that goods arrived
in Dunhuang from as far away as Northeast Europe，and that goods were also exported
from Dunhuang across Asia and Europe[4]．The scrolls are so detailed that they describe
the vast range of goods that were imported○
26
and exported○
27
from Dunhuang，such as
ceramics，medicine，perfumes and fruit，to name○
28
just a few.The scrolls also reveal○
29
how many different communities lived side–by–side within this great city.However，
the reason why the Library Cave was sealed up all those years ago remains a mystery.
[4]本句是复合句。主句是 we now know，后面是 that 引导的两个宾语从句。
In the Ming Dynasty，trade routes changed and Dunhuang was not as prosperous○
30
as it used to be.Gradually，it faded○
31
from memory，even though it was once such a
great city.[5]
[5]本句是复合句。 ...it faded from memory 是主句，even though...是让步状语从
句。
This century is bringing the Silk Road to life○
32
once more through the Belt and
Road Initiative○
33
.Dunhuang has once again become a global crossroads since it hosted
hundreds of representatives from 51 countries for the Silk Road International Cultural
Expo in 2017.Given that the theme of the Expo was to promote cultural exchange and
strengthen mutual cooperation between the countries along the Silk Road[6]，Dunhuang
was the ideal place.
[6]given that 是复合连词，意为“考虑到；鉴于”，引导的是原因状语从句。
Now let's move on to the next cave...
译文参考
欢迎来到敦煌！
欢迎来到敦煌！在古老的丝绸之路上，这座城市是进出古代中国的门户，一个东西方交
汇的地方，一个沙漠中的绿岛。 你可以想象游客看见在他们前面的敦煌绿洲时的感受。
敦煌悠久辉煌的历史，代表了它作为文化和商业交流中心的重要性。 今天，敦煌是世界
级的旅游目的地，拥有受联合国教科文组织保护的遗产的地位。现在，我们要进入这个城市
的一些著名的洞穴，其中有 700 多个。 被称为莫高窟的这些古老的洞穴是在岩石上雕凿出来
的，历时 1 000 年。如果你抬头看，你可以看到这些画和其他艺术品，它们证明了丝绸之路
是如何将东西方连接在一起的。 看看这些雕像！ 你可以看到古希腊，印度和伊朗的元素。
现在看看洞穴的四壁。 靠近一点，这样可以看得更清楚。 看看它们！ 这些壁画占地面积达
到惊人的 45 000 平方米。
敦煌壁画的题材多种多样，从宗教故事到日常生活场景都有。 但是有一种壁画是敦煌所
特有的，上面画的是飞天，或者说是“飞仙”。表现这些天国的音乐家、歌唱家和舞蹈家们
的壁画装饰着许多洞壁。看看这幅壁画，飞天被描绘成围着丝巾，飘在蔚蓝的天空中，好像
要飞下来与我们相会。 这里还有一幅。 走到这里来，你可以看到更多细节。 飞天举着荷花，
演奏着乐器，跳着舞，扔着花。表现飞天的绘画在唐朝达到了高峰，这些画像充满了生气，
反映了当时人们的自信和乐观。
1900 年发生了一件非同寻常的事情，一位道士做出了 20 世纪最重要的发现之一。在一
个密封的山洞里，现在被称为著名的藏经洞里，藏着成千上万的手稿、绘画和卷轴，其中包
括丝绸刺绣。待会儿我们将有机会看一看它们——藏经洞离这里只有一箭之遥。从公元 405
年到公元 1002 年，这些被雪藏的宝藏给我们描述了处在丝绸之路贸易中心时的敦煌。多亏了
这个古老的藏经洞，我们现在知道，货物从遥远的东北欧运抵敦煌，货物也从敦煌出口到亚
洲和欧洲。这些卷轴非常详细，它们描述了从敦煌进口和出口的大量货物，例如陶瓷、医药、
香水和水果等等。卷轴还揭示了有多少不同的群体曾相安无事地生活在这个伟大的城市里。
然而，藏经洞多年前被封的原因仍然是个谜。
到了明朝，贸易路线改变了，敦煌也不像以前那样繁荣了。 渐渐地，丝绸之路淡出了人
们的记忆，尽管它曾经是一个非常伟大的城市。
本世纪通过一带一路的倡议，丝绸之路重新焕发了生机。 自 2017 年丝绸之路国际文化
博览会接待了来自 51 个国家的数百名代表以来，敦煌再次成为全球的活动中心。 考虑到世
博会的主题是促进丝绸之路沿线国家之间的文化交流和加强相互合作，敦煌是理想的地方。
现在让我们进入下一个洞穴……
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