英语 24 字整体教学
强化训练 习题精做 名校名师整理材料 助同学们一臂之力 1
互动课堂
词汇梳理
1. majority n. 大多数；大半
【观察示例】
Of the first Spanish to go to California, the majority were religious men who came to teach
the Catholic religion to the natives.
在首批移居加州的西班牙人中,大部分是来向土著人传授天主教的宗教人士。
The great majority approved the policy.
大多数的人赞同该政策。
He won by a majority of twenty.
他以多出 20 票获胜。
The company holds a majority of the stock.
该公司拥有半数以上的股票。
Those who favor the proposal are in the majority.
赞成该提案者占多数。
【归纳拓展】
majority 作为不可数名词通常与 the 连用,谓语动词用复数形式,偶尔用单数。
majority 也可作可数名词与 a 连用,谓语动词通常用单数。
the majority 是固定词组,意为“居多数；占过半数”。
【特别提示】 the majority 有时加入形容词 great, greater 和 greatest 以加强语气。
2. percentage n. 百分比；百分率
【观察示例】
Today, Chinese Americans live in all parts of California, although a large percentage
have chosen to stay in the “Chinatowns” of Los Angeles and San Francisco.
今天,华裔美国人散居在加州各地,尽管很大比例的人选择了居住在洛杉矶和旧金山的唐
人街。
California is a city with a high percentage of immigrants.
加利福尼亚是一个移民比例很高的城市。
There is no percentage in doing so.
这么做没有赚头。
【归纳拓展】
percentage 作“比率；百分率”讲时为可数名词,其谓语动词通常用单数形式,在口语中表
示“好处；益处”等时常用作不可数名词。
【特别提示】 a percentage of 后接名词时,其后面谓语动词的数要与所接名词相符合。
如:
Only a small percentage of the patients are children.
病人中只有一小部分是儿童。
A large percentage of the hotel’s income is from the visitors to the lake nearby.
那家旅馆的收入大部分来自游览附近那座湖的 游客。
原则上,在数词之后用 percent,数词以外的用 percentage,但口语中有时也混用,如: 80
percent(或 The highest percentage) of the people are against it.
3. mix n. 混合；结合
vt. 混合；拌和
【观察示例】
英语 24 字整体教学
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It is believed that before long the mix of nationalites will be so great that there will be no
major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many cultures.
人们相信,国籍之间相混的程度将非常大,以至于不再有大的种族或文化团体,而仅仅是
一个多种文化的混合体。
This is a mix of several fruit juices.
这是多种果汁的混合体。
Many ethnic groups are mixed together in New York.
在纽约许多种族团体交混在一起。
You can mix yellow and blue together to make green.
你可以将黄色和蓝色搅和,以制成绿色。
It’s not easy to mix work with pleasure.
使工作与乐趣结合并不容易。
Oil and water don’t mix.
油和水不能融合。
The husband and wife do not mix well.
这对夫妻不太合得来。
【归纳拓展】
作及物动词时可有 mix sth. and sth., mix sth. with sth.的搭配,也可直接跟名词的复数形
式,如:to mix colours。作不及物动词时可与 with 搭配,如:Oil doesn’t mix with water.作名词意
为“混合；混合物”,如:a mix of colours。
4. occur vi. 发生；出现
【观察示例】
It didn’t occur to me there would be a big festival on at the same time as my holiday.
我没想到在我度假的同时会有一个盛大的庆祝活动。
Just then an idea occurred to me.
就在那时,我想出了一个主意。
Didn’t it occur to you to ask him?
你没有想到问他吗？
When did the accident occur?
那场事故是什么时候发生的？
That sound doesn’t occur in this language.
这种语言里没有那个音。
【归纳拓展】
occur 主要有两个义项:想起,想到;发生,出现。作“想起,想到”讲时常用在 It occurs to sb. to
do sth.及 It occurs to sb. that... 结构中。
【特别提示】 happen 和 occur 都表示某事发生,happen 是一般用语,尤其指偶然发
生,occur 文言味较浓,常指某特定事情发生。
5. indicate vt. 指出；标示；表明；暗示
【观察示例】
Why is it important in a telephone conversation to indicate that you are paying attention to
what the other person is saying?
为什么说在电话中表现出你正在注意对方讲话很重要？
Statistics indicate that the world population has doubled.
统计数字显示世界人口已倍增。
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The arrow on a sign indicates the way to go. 标志上的箭头指示的是应走的路。
She indicated an error in the report.
她指出那篇报告中的一个错误。
6. apparent adj. 显而易见的；显然的；卷面上的
apparently adv. 显然地；显而易见地
【观察示例】
Apparently, he’d been shocked when he saw a terrible accident in which a tram slipped
down the hill dragging the horse with it.
显然当他看到一场事故中轨道车拖着马匹滑下山坡时大为震惊。
She has apparently forgotten it.
她似乎忘了那件事。
It is apparent that she is displeased.
显然她并不高兴。
There has been no apparent change.
没有发生明显的变化。
【归纳拓展】
apparent 和 apparently 分别作形容词和副词,主要有两种用法:表面上,似乎;明显的(地),
显而易见的(地)。
7. slip vi. 滑动；滑行；滑跤
n. 滑动；滑倒
【观察示例】
A tram slipped down the hill.
一辆轨道车滑下了山坡。
The book slipped of/from her hand.
书本从她的手中滑落。
Don’t slip on the mud.
不要在泥巴上滑倒。
He slipped on a banana peel and fell down.
他踩到香蕉皮而滑倒。
It’s normal for a young man to make a slip.
年轻人犯错误很正常。
That’s a slip of the pen.那是一个笔误。
There are a few slips in the translation.
译文中有几处错误。
【归纳拓展】
slip 常作不及物动词,有时也充当及物动词,表示“滑落；滑倒”,作名词时表示“失误；错
误”。
8. hire vt.&n. 租用；雇用
【观察示例】
Teamed up with a couple from my hotel and hired a car.
与我旅店里的一对夫妇合伙租了一辆车。
He hired (himself) out as a bodyguard.他受雇当保镖。
He paid $200 for the hire of the hall.他为大厅的租用付了 200 美元。
There are many boats for hire.有许多小船供出租。
英语 24 字整体教学
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【归纳拓展】
hire 表示“租用；雇用”,指付钱而得到使用某物的权利。hire (oneself) out as 受雇充
当……
hire 作为名词有两个义项:租用;租金。
9. insert vt. 插入；嵌入
【观察示例】
Rewrite the diary for Tuesday inserting all the missing words. 改写星期二的日记事项,插
入所有遗漏的单词。
They inserted an ad in the newspaper.
他们在报上刊登广告。
Please insert a coin in/into the slot.
请投入一枚硬币。
【归纳拓展】
insert 是及物动词,意为“插入；嵌入；写入；刊登”,在宾语后可接 in, into, to 等介词。
10. react vi. 作出反应；回应
【观察示例】
Notice how the listener reacts.
注意听者怎样反应。
How did she react to your answer?
对你的回答她如何反应？
Your praise will react on your students.
你的赞美会影响到你的学生。
The people soon reacted against the dictator.
人民很快起来反对独裁者。
【归纳拓展】
react 是不及物动词,可与介词构成词组:react to 对……作出反应 react on/upon 对……有
影响 react against 反对
11. by means of 借用；依靠
【观察示例】
Scientists believe that these first settlers crossed the Bering Strait from Asia to Alaska by
means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times.
科学家认为首批定居者通过史前存在的大陆桥跨过白令海峡从亚洲来到阿拉斯加。
He crossed the river by means of a raft.
他借着筏子渡河。
We express our feelings by means of words.
我们用语言来表达感情。
【归纳拓展】
(1)相关的短语有 by all means 一定,务必；by no means 决不；by this means 通过这种方
式；by some means or other 想尽办法,无论如何。
(2)有些名词单复数形式相同,作主语时其谓语的单复数形式要依据句子的具体情况而定,
常见的有 means 方法,手段;species 种类;series 系列;works 工厂，作品。
12. team up with 与……合作；协力
【观察示例】
Let’s team up!
英语 24 字整体教学
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我们联起手来吧！
He teamed up with his brother and pulled the car out.
他与弟弟携手将车拉了出来。
【归纳拓展】
team 可作不及物动词与 up 搭配表示“组成一队,协力,合作”。team up with sb.与某人合作,
与某人勾结。
13. a great many 许多(的)，非常多(的)
【观察示例】
Some interesting temples here, a number of markets and a great many restaurants.
这里有一些有趣的寺庙、一些集市和许多饭店。
He has a great many friends here.
他在这里有许多朋友。
A good many of them can’t come.
他们当中有好多不能来。
【归纳拓展】
a great many 可起形容词作用,后接名词的复数形式,不需要在其后加 of,如果加上 of,则表
示“一定范围内的许多”；a great many 如果修饰代词或 the 加名词，则必须加上 of。
基础示例
1． 1)单项填空
When the headmaster spoke out his plan, the___________ of the students in the class
___________ against it.
A. majority; were
B. most; were
C. most; did
D. majority; did
提示:most 表“大部分”时前面不能加 the,可以排除 B、C 两项；majority 前有定冠词 the,
且后跟可数名词的复数形式，因此其谓语应用复数形式；固定短语 be against 表示“反对”。
答案:A
2)翻译
The majority was in favour of banning smoking.
____________________________________________
答案:大多数人支持禁烟。
2.翻译
(1)有很大比例的人口住在大城市。
____________________________________________
答案:A large percentage of the population live in big cities.
(2)担忧是于事无补的。
____________________________________________
答案:There is no percentage in worrying.
(3)A high percentage of the female staff are part-time workers.
_______________________________________________________
答案:女职员中，兼职工作的人占很高的比例。
(4)An increasing percentage of the population own their own houses.
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_______________________________________________________
答案:自己有房子的人占人口比例越来越大了。
3.补全句子
(1)如果你将红色和黄色相混合会得到橙色。
If you ___________red___________ yellow, you get orange.
(2)他们不怎么与邻居交往。
They don’t ___________much___________ their neighbors.
(3)有人把申请表全弄乱了。
Someone has ___________all the application forms.
(4)把水果和别的东西拌在一起。
___________the fruit ___________the rest of the mixture.
(5)把这种颜色和别的颜料拌在一起。
___________the colour___________ the rest of the paint.
答案:
(1)mix; with/and
(2)mix; with
(3)mixed up
(4)Mix; into
(5)Mix; into
4.1)单项填空
The sound doesn’t ___________in Chinese so it’s difficult for the students to pronounce.
A. happen B. take place
C. find D. occur
提示:从句意来看只有 occur 符合题意,意思为“存在”。
答案:D
2)选词填空
take place happen occur
(1)The December Ninth Movement ___________in 1936.
(2)It ___________that I had no money on me, so I didn’t buy it.
(3)A good idea ___________to me.
答案:(1)took place (2)happened (3)occured
5.单项填空
A flashing red light ___________that a stretch of road was undergoing repairs.
A. indicated B. suggested
C. connected D. symbolized
提示:句意为“闪烁的红灯标明一段路正在修理中”。indicate 意思为“标明；指示”；suggest
意为“(间接地)表明；暗示”，不合题意；connect 意为“联结；连结”;symbolize 意为“象征；标
志”，都不合题意。
答案:A
6.单项填空
___________，his house had been broken into, for it was in a mess.
A. Unluckly
B. To be honest
英语 24 字整体教学
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C. Surprisingly
D. Apparently
提示:句意为“他家乱得一团糟，很显然他家进外人了”。只有 apparently 意为“显然地；
明显地”符合题意。to be honest 意为“老实说”。
答案:D
7.单项填空
Tom ___________out of the meeting room without permission when the manager was
making a speech.
A. ran
B. rush
C. walked
D. slipped
提示:句意为“当经理在讲话的时候，汤姆未经允许偷偷溜出会议室”。run 意为“跑；奔”；
rush 意为“冲；奔”；walk 意为“步行；散步”；只有 slip 意为“溜走；悄悄地走”符合题意。
答案:D
8.单项填空
We intended to ___________the hall for a week.
A. employ
B. rent
C. let
D. hire
提示:employ 主要指人的雇用；rent 指较长期地租用或租出房屋、土地等；let 是出租房
屋、地产等；hire 是短期租借，用在句中符合题意。此句意为“我们打算租一个大厅用一周”。
答案:D
9.翻译
(1)他试着把钥匙插入锁孔里。
_______________________________________________________
(2)她整理了一下笔记，插入了几个遗漏的句子。
_______________________________________________________
答案:(1)He tried inserting the key in/into the lock. (2)She revised her notes and inserted
some missing sentences.
10.单项填空
The audience ___________to his speech. They applauded from time to time.
A. reflected B. influenced
C. reacted D. acted
提示:句意为“听众对他的演说作出反应。他们时不时地给他鼓掌”。reflect 意为“反映；
反射”；influence 意为“影响”；act 意为“行动”；只有 react 意为“反应，作出反应”符合题
意。
答案:C
11.单项填空
Everyone in our country is looking forward to the day when the bus will be replaced by some
safer ___________of transport.
A. methods
B. means
英语 24 字整体教学
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C. manners
D. ways
提示:method 意为“方法；办法”，manners 意为“礼貌；规矩”，way 意为“方法；手段”，
均不符合题意；means 意为“工具”，bus 为交通工具，因此我们必须用另一种“工具”来替换
它。句意为“我们国家的每个人都在期盼着这一天的到来。用一些更加安全的交通工具来替
换公共汽车的这一天”。
答案:B
12.单项填空
Tom tried to ___________up with John to write a book about teaching.
A. make B. come
C. team D. keep
提示:make up 意为“弥补；编造”；come up with 意为“提出”；team up with 意为“与某人
合作”；keep up with 意为“跟上”。
答案:C
13.单项填空
There are___________ people dancing and singing in the the park on May Day.
A. a great many
B. a good many of
C. the large number of
D. a great deal of
提示:a great many 是“许多”的意思，后面接可数名词复数形式；a great deal of 接不可数
名词；the large number of 指数目；B 项形式是错误的。
答案:A
重难突破
1.by the time 到……时候为止
【例句观察】
By the time California became the thirty － first state of the United States of America in
1850,it was already a multicultural society.
到加利福尼亚在 1850 年成为美国第 31 个州的时候,它已经是一个多文化的社会了。
By the time he was fourteen years old, he had learnt maths all by himself.
当他 14 岁的时候,他就已经自学了数学。
I’ll finish my work by the time you come.
你来时我将已完成了工作。
【规则提示】
by the time 到……时候为止,引导状语从句,主句多用完成时态,但也经常用一般过去时
或一般将来时。
2. It is...that... 强调结构
【例句观察】
It was the building of the railway from the west to the east that brought even larger numbers
to California in the 1860s.
是贯穿东西海岸铁路的修筑于 19 世纪 60 年代将更多的人带到了加利福尼亚。
It was because her mother was ill that she didn’t go to work.
是因为她母亲生病了她才没有去上班。
Where was it that she bought the bike?
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她是在什么地方买到这辆自行车的？
It is not only blind men who make such stupid mistakes.
犯这样愚蠢错误的不仅仅是瞎子。
【规则提示】
It is/was +被强调部分+that/who+其他成分构成强调句型,强调人时可用 who 作连词,强调
任何其他部分用 that。强调句的一般疑问形式只把 is/was 提前,特殊疑问句形式是在一般疑问
句前加疑问词。
3. It is believed that
【例句观察】
It is believed that before long the mix of nationalites will be so great that there will be no
major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many cultures.
据信,过不了多久国籍间相混的程度将如此大以至于不再有大的种族或文化团体,而仅仅
是一个多文化的混合体。
It is supposed that the tower has been there for at least 500 years.
据猜测这座塔在这里至少已有 500 多年了。
It is feared that he can not manage to persuade her.
恐怕他说服不了她。
【规则提示】
It is said / believed / thought / supposed / guessed / feared / reported / hoped / expected /
concluded / announced / arranged that 后接主语从句构成常用句型,此时 it 是形式主语。
4. Two centuries later, the Spanish had settled in most parts of South Africa and along
the northwest coast of what we now call the United States.
两个世纪后,西班牙人已在中美的大部分地区和我们现在称作美国的西北沿岸定居下
来。
【规则提示】
这是一个复合句,句中 what 引导了名词性从句,作介词 of 的宾语,what 是名词性从句的
引导词,同时在从句中又作 call 的宾语,可被分解成 the place that。再如:I can judge by what I
know of him.=I can judge by the thing(s) that I know of him.
5. People from Africa having been living in California since 1800s,when they moved
north from Mexico.
非洲移民自从 19 世纪初就生活在加利福尼亚,当时他们是从墨西哥北上来到这里的。
【规则提示】
句中 when 引导定语从句,修饰表示时间的先行词 the 1800s,when 可被理解为 at that
time(当时),这是一个非限制性定语从句,作补充说明。
6. In more recent decades, California has become home to people from Asia, including
Cambodians, Koreans, Vietnamese and Laotians.
最近几十年,加利福尼亚成了亚洲人的家乡,其中包括柬埔寨人、朝鲜人、越南人和老挝
人。
【规则提示】
这是一个简单句。句中有 in the past few years, in recent years 等时间状语时,句子的谓语
动 词 通 常 用 现 在 完 成 时 , 如 : In the past ten years, great changes have taken place in my
hometown.另外,including 是介词,意为“包括(于……之中)”。
活学巧用
1．单项填空
英语 24 字整体教学
强化训练 习题精做 名校名师整理材料 助同学们一臂之力 10
By nine o’clock last night we ____________our homework.
A. finished
B. had finished
C. have finished
D. will finish
提示:由 by 确定用完成时，由 last night 确定用过去时，合在一块为：过去完成时。
答案:B
2．单项填空
(1)It is what you do rather than what you say ____________matters.
A. that B. what
C. which D. this
提示:本题是强调句，对“what you do rather than what you say”进行强调。
答案:A
(2)—When did you find that you were lost?
—It was not until I came to a farm____________ that.
A. did I realize B. that I realized
C. when I realized D. where I realized
提示:It was ...that...这一结构构成强调句型，空格后面的 that 为代词，指代前句中提到的
事情。
答案:B
3．单项填空
It is ____________that if a book is interesting it will surely ____________the readers.
A. believing; interest
B. believed; be interested
C. believing; be interesting
D. believed; interest
提示:句首的“It”为形式主语，真正的主语是 that 引导的从句，它和 believe 是被动关系；
interest 为及物动词，意为“使……感兴趣”，它和 it 指代的 book 应是主动关系。
答案:D
4．单项填空
It is generally considered unwise to give a child____________ he or she wants.
A. however B. whichever
C. whatever D. whenever
提示:whatever 引导一个宾语从句，并作主语。A、D 两项只能在从句中作状语，而 B
项须有明显的范围。
答案:C
5．单项填空
We are living in an age ____________many things are done on computer.
A. which
B. that
C. whose
D. when
提示:when 引导定语从句，修饰 an age,相当于 in which。
答案:D
英语 24 字整体教学
强化训练 习题精做 名校名师整理材料 助同学们一臂之力 11
6．翻译
据说他掌握好几门外语，包括英语和日语。
________________________________________________________________________
答 案 :It was said that he mastered several foreign languages, including English and
Japanese.
语法精讲
【例句观察】
Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really
knows.
However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen
thousand years ago.
Scientists believe that these first settlers crossed the Bering Strait from Asia to Alaska by
means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times.
This is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.
It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no
major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many cultures.
【规则提示】
以上各句中画线的部分在整个句子中起名词的作用,分别作主语、宾语或表语,称为名词
性从句。名词性从句为非独立分句,包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,有三
种从句结构来表示:
（1）由 that 引导的从句
It is certain that she will do well in her exam.(作主语)
（2）以 wh 疑问词引导的 wh－疑问从句
They couldn’t understand why I refused.(作宾语)
（3）以 what 或 wh－ever 等关系代词引导的名词性关系从句。
I’ll show you whatever you want to see.(作宾语)
I gave her exactly what she longed to have.(作宾语)
考题再现
1．(经典回放)__________we can’t get seems better than __________we have.
A. What; what B. What; that
C. That; that D. That; what
提示:在名词性从句中 that 与 what 的区别是：what 作连词在从句中作成分，且含有疑问
意义，that 只作引导词，不充当句子成分。此题考查了两个名词性从句，因为从句中都缺宾
语，所以都应选择 what 不选 that。
答案:A
2.(经典回放) __________we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
A. If
B. Whether
C. That
D. Where
提示:whether 和 if 的区别是：在引导宾语从句时两者一般可以通用，但在引导主语从句、
表语从句、同位语从句、介词后面的宾语从句以及后面直接跟 or not 时只能用 whether,不能
用 if。而且 whether 又有“是否”的意思，根据题目内容不能选 A。
答案:B
英语 24 字整体教学
强化训练 习题精做 名校名师整理材料 助同学们一臂之力 12
3.(经典回放)What the doctors really doubt is __________my mother will recover from the
serious disease soon.
A. when B. how
C. whether D. why
提示:这是一个表语从句。根据 doubt 一词用法可知，所怀疑的应是是否能治好病，所
以要填 whether。这句话的意思是“医生真的怀疑我妈妈是否能很快从重病中恢复过来”。
答案:C
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