英语 24 字整体教学
强化训练 习题精做 名校名师整理材料 助同学们一臂之力 1
课堂探究
1．This play by George Bernard Shaw is an adaptation of a classic Greek story.
萧伯纳的这个剧本是根据一个经典的希腊传说改编的。
考点：adaptation n．改编本；适应
This play is an adaptation of a novel.
这一剧本是由小说改编的。
The book described the adaptation of desert species to the hot conditions.
这本书描绘了沙漠物种对炎热环境的适应。
①归纳：adaptation 意为“改编本”时，是可数名词；意为“适应”时，是不可数名词。
考点延伸 1)阅读下面句子指出画线单词的词性、搭配及含义
②He has not yet adapted to the climate here.
他还没有适应这里的气候。
词性：动词 搭配：adapt_to__ 含义：(使)适应；(使)适合
2)辨析：adapt 与 adjust
Some animals learn to adapt themselves to the change of climate.
有些动物学会了适应气候的变化。
You can't see through the telescope until it is adjusted to your eyes.
你把望远镜调节到适合你的视线角度之后，你才看得见。
③adapt 指使某物或某人做些改变以适应新条件；adjust 指借正当的判断或熟练的技巧
“调整，调节”以使两者相互适应。
即学即用
语法填空
1)He made a quick______(adapt)to the new environment.
2)He adapted his speech______ the interest of the audience.
选词填空 adapt；adjust
3)I suggest the newcomers should ______ themselves to the local custom.
4)Pull the lever towards you to______ the speed.
答案：1)adaptation 2)to 3)adapt 4)adjust
2．A gentleman (G) passes and hesitates for a moment.
有位先生(简称 G)从这儿路过，他迟疑了片刻。
考点：hesitate vi.犹豫；踌躇
The boy hesitated for a moment and then left the office.
那个男孩踌躇了一会儿，然后离开了办公室。
阅读下列句子，归纳 hesitate 的用法
英语 24 字整体教学
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①Don't hesitate about/over that.Do it at once.
对于那件事情不要犹豫了，马上去做吧。
归纳：hesitate 常与介词 about/over 连用，表示“对……犹豫”。
②But I wouldn't hesitate to spend on a good haircut.
但我会毫不犹豫地(把钱)花在理一个好的发型上。
归纳：hesitate to do sth 的含义是“做某事犹豫不决”。
考点延伸 1)阅读下面的句子，指出画线单词的词性及词义
③He spoke fluently and without unnecessary hesitation.
他说得很流畅，毫不支吾。
词性：名词 词义：犹豫
2)阅读下列句子，指出与 hesitation 搭配的短语及含义
④I would have no hesitation in declining the post.
我会毫不犹豫地拒绝这个职位。
短语：have_no_hesitation_in_doing 含义：毫不犹豫地做
⑤Without any hesitation，he jumped into the river to save the drowning young woman.
他毫不犹豫地跳下河去救落水的年轻女子。
短语：without_hesitation 含义：毫不犹豫地
即学即用
语法填空
1)After some______(hesitate)，she came out with the whole truth.
2)I didn't hesitate for a moment ______ taking the job.
完成句子
3)____________(我真不好意思向你开口)，but will you lend me your car for a few days?
4)____________(她犹豫不决)the choice between the two blouses for her daughter.
答案：1)hesitation 2)about 3)I hesitate to ask you 4)She hesitated about/over
3．There you are and you were born in Lisson Grove if I'm not mistaken.
你呀，如果我没弄错的话，你出生在里森格罗佛。
考点：mistaken adj.(见解或判断上)错误的；不正确的
I told her my secret in the mistaken belief that I could trust her.
我误以为可以相信她，就把我的秘密告诉了她。
You are completely mistaken about Jane.
你对简的看法完全错了。
阅读下列句子，指出与 mistaken 搭配的短语及含义
①I was mistaken about her age.
英语 24 字整体教学
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我把她的年龄弄错了。
短语：be_mistaken_about... 含义：误解……；搞错……
考点延伸 1)阅读下面的句子，指出画线词的词性及词义
②His costly mistake resulted in severe loss.
他的严重的错误导致了重大的损失。
词性：名词 词义：错误
③You mistook my meaning entirely.
你完全误解了我的意思。
词性：动词 词义：误解
2)阅读下列句子，指出与 mistake 搭配的短语及含义
④He always mistakes me for my twin sister.
他总是把我错认为是我的双胞胎妹妹。
短语：mistake...for... 含义：把……错认为……
⑤I took your handbag instead of mine by mistake.
我错拿了你的手提包，还以为是我的呢。
短语：by_mistake 含义：错误地
即学即用
语法填空
1)The twins are so alike that even their parents mistake one ______ another.
2)I picked up your book ______ mistake.
3)______(mistake)by her teacher，the little girl cried.
同义句转换
4)The teacher has a wrong opinion of this pupil's action.
________________________________________________________________________
5)If you thought she intended to be rude，you were not right.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：1)for 2)by 3)Mistaken 4)The teacher is mistaken about this pupil's action.
5)If you thought she intended to be rude，you were mistaken.
4．Simply phonetics studied and classified from people's own speech.
对人的发音进行研究、分类，如此而已。
考点：classify vt.编排；分类；归类
You should make a list of all the new words and classify them.
你应该把所有的新单词都列出来，并进行分类。
阅读下列句子，归纳与 classify 搭配的短语
①The boys here are classified into classes according to their ages.
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这儿的男孩子们被根据他们的年龄编班。
短语：be_classified_into 含义：被归为
②Such people should be classified as middle classes.
这样的人们应该被归类为中产阶级。
短语：be_classified_as 含义：把……分类为……
考点延伸 阅读下列句子，指出画线单词的词性及词义
③It is helpful to begin with a rough and ready_classification.
首先进行粗略的分类是很有帮助的。
词性：名词 词义：分类，类
④The_classified advertisement is the simplest one.
分类广告是最简单的一种广告。
词性：形容词 词义：分类的
即学即用
语法填空
1)Students are ______(classify)into grades，according to how much they know and how old
they are.
2)The ______(classify)of diseases is a bit complicated.3)People who work in libraries spend
a lot of time ______(classify)books.
4)It always takes me too much time ______(classify)what I have just learned.
5)Patients are classified______ three categories.
答案：1)classified 2)classification 3)classifying
4)to classify 5)into
5．That's my profession and also my hobby.You can place a man by just a few remarks.
那是我的专业，也是我的业余爱好。你可以根据几句话就判定一个人来自何地。
第二句中的情态动词 can 表示“能够，可以”，其否定形式 can't 可表示“不
能”，也可用来表示否定推测，含义是“不可能”。
考点：remark n．谈论；言论；评述 vt.& vi.谈论；评论；说起
He had a habit of making humorous remarks.
他有说话幽默的习惯。
I don't think his remarks reasonable.
我认为他的言论不合情理。
阅读下面的句子，归纳 remark 的用法
①They remarked on/upon the difference between the two dictionaries.
他们谈论到了这两本词典的不同之处。
归纳：remark 作不及物动词时，常与介词 on 或 upon 连用。
英语 24 字整体教学
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②He made a number of rude remarks about/on the food here.
对于这里的食品他发表了许多无理的评论。
归纳：make remarks about/on 意为“对……做评论”。
考点延伸 1)阅读下面的句子，指出画线单词的词性及词义
③He showed_remarkable courage when he faced the danger.
他在面对危险的时候表现出非凡的勇气。
词性：形容词 词义：非凡的，显著的
2)辨析 remark 和 state
The media remarked that the policemen didn't do well with the hostagetaking incident.
媒体评论说警察没有处理好人质劫持事件。
He stated his problem clearly.
他把问题叙述得很清楚。
④remark 指评论性地“说话”；state 表示把某件事情详细地陈述出来。
即学即用
语法填空
1)A large number of foreign media made good ______(remark)about the 2010 Shanghai
Expo.
2)He's managed to accomplish some ______(remark)things.
答案：1)remarks 2)remarkable
6．But they betray themselves every time they open their mouths.
但是他们一张嘴就会露出马脚。
考点：betray vt.出卖；背叛；泄露(秘密)；露出…… 迹象
He was offered money to betray his colleagues.
有人收买他出卖他的同事。
His face betrayed that he was angry.
他的脸显露出他生气了。
考点延伸 阅读下列句子，指出与 betray 搭配的短语及含义
①She was terrified of saying something that would make her betray herself.
她害怕说话时露了自己的底。
短语：betray_oneself 含义：暴露出本来面目
②He betrayed the news to all his friends.
他向所有的朋友透露了这个消息。
短语：betray_sth/sb_to_sb 含义：(向某人)出卖某人/(向某人)泄露某事
③In failing to return the money he betrayed our trust.
英语 24 字整体教学
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他未能归还那笔钱而辜负了我们的信任。
短语：betray_one's_trust 含义：辜负某人的信任
即学即用
语法填空
1)He betrayed his friends______ the enemy，which surprised us all.
2)When you betray somebody else，you also betray ______(you)．
完成句子
3)When he spoke，his accent at once ____________(暴露了他是一个外国人的事实)．
4)Although she often seems quite cold and harsh，her smiling eyes ____________(显示出了
她的真实天性)．
答 案 ：1)to 2)yourself 3)betrayed the fact that he was a foreigner. 4)betray her true
nature
7．Look at this girl with her terrible English：the English that will condemn her to the
gutter to the end of her days.
看那女孩，英语说得那样糟糕，这使她注定要在贫民窟里待一辈子。
the English...是 her terrible English 的同位语，that will condemn her to the gutter to
the end of her days 是定语从句，修饰 the English。
考点：condemn vt.谴责；使……注定
They were condemned to a life of hardship.
他们不得不过着艰苦的生活。
阅读下列句子，指出画线单词的词性及词义
①He was found guilty and_condemned_to be shot.
他被判有罪处以枪决。
词性：动词 词义：判刑
考点延伸 阅读下列句子，指出与 condemn 搭配的短语及含义
②She knew that society would condemn her for leaving her children.
她知道社会将会谴责她遗弃孩子。
短语：condemn...for... 含义：因……指责……
③Most people are willing to condemn violence of any sort as evil.
大多数人都愿意把任何暴力行为视作恶行加以谴责。
短语：condemn_sb/sth_as... 含义：谴责/指责某人/某事为……
④He condemned the child to steal things.
他迫使这个孩子偷东西。
短语：condemn_sb_to_do_sth 含义：迫使某人做某事，使某人注定做某事
英语 24 字整体教学
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语法填空
1)He was condemned______ death ______murder and later hanged.
2)Paralysis of the lower limbs condemned him______ a wheelchair.
3)The newspaper was condemned ______lacking justice.
单句改错
4)That young man was condemning to death for what he had done.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：1)to；for 2)to 3)for 4)condemning→condemned
8．But，sir，(proudly)once educated to speak properly，that girl could pass herself off
in three months as a duchess at an ambassador's garden party.
不过，先生，(高傲地)要是一旦有人教她把英语说好了，那个女孩就可以在三个月后冒
充公爵夫人，出席大使主办的花园晚会了。
educated to speak properly 是过去分词短语作状语。
考点：pass...off as(把某人)改变或冒充成……
The tall young man passed himself off as a leader of the town government.
那个高个子年轻人冒充镇政府的干部。
考点延伸 1)阅读下列句子，指出画线短语的含义
①His headache soon passed_off.
他的头痛不久就消失了。
含义：逐渐消失
②The secretary passed_off_the difficult question.
秘书对这个难题不加理会。
含义：不加理会
③The concert_passed_off_very well.
这次音乐会进行得非常顺利。
含义：进行
2)阅读下列句子，指出与 pass 搭配的短语及含义
④The story is passed on from generation to generation in the village.
这故事在村民中世代相传。
短语：pass_on 含义：传递
⑤He took up a stick，pointed against the wall，and didn't allow anyone to pass by.
他拿起一根棍子，顶着墙，不让任何人通行。
短语：pass_by 含义：经过
⑥The first day of work there nearly made him pass out.
英语 24 字整体教学
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头一天上工，他就差点发了昏。
短语：pass_out 含义：失去知觉，昏过去
⑦Don't pass up this chance to win a million dollars.
不要放过这赢取一百万美元的机会。
短语：pass_up 含义：放弃
⑧The crowd backed away to let the wounded man pass through.
人群向后退，让受伤的那个人通过。
短语：pass_through 含义：通过，穿过
即学即用
完成句子
1)He added that a man ____________________(冒充是他的一个朋友)and cheated him.
语法填空
2)The road was so crowded that the car could not pass ______easily.
3)May I trouble you to pass ______ a message to her?
4)This is a chance you can't pass ______.
答案：1)passed himself off as a friend of his 2)through
3)on 4)up
9．And I came to England to make your acquaintance!
我也正是到英国来找你的！
考点：acquaintance n．相识；了解；熟人
He hoped their acquaintance would develop further.
他希望他们的交情会进一步发展。
He's just a business acquaintance.
他只是业务上认识的人。
阅读下列句子，归纳 acquaintance 的用法
①It's lucky for me to make his acquaintance in Beijing.
我很幸运在北京结识了他。
归纳：make one's acquaintance 的含义是“结识；与……相见”。
②I have some acquaintance with English，but I do not know it well.
我稍懂些英语，但并不精通。
归纳：have some acquaintance with sb/sth 的含义是“对某人/某物有一些了解”。
③He has a large circle of acquaintances.他有很多熟人。
归纳：acquaintance 作“熟人”讲时是可数名词。
考点延伸 阅读下列句子，指出画线单词的词性及词义
④You must_acquaint yourself with your new duties.
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你必须熟悉你的新任务。
词性：动词 词义：使熟悉，使了解
⑤I have heard about your friend but I'm not acquainted_with him.
我听说过你的朋友，但同他不熟。
词性：形容词 词义：对……熟悉的
即学即用
语法填空
1)—Could you tell me how you got to know your boyfriend?
—Well，I made his ______(acquaint)at a party two years ago.
2)Are you fully______(acquaint)with the latest situation there?
3)The musician had little acquaintance ______ modern science.
4)I am delighted to ______ your acquaintance.
5)She has many ______ in the business community.
答案：1)acquaintance 2)acquainted 3)with 4)make
5)acquaintances
10．A fortune！发财了！
考点：fortune n．机会；运气；大笔的钱
By good fortune he was not hurt.
幸运的是，他没受伤。
The little girl came into a fortune after her uncle died.
她叔父去世后，那个小女孩继承了一大笔遗产。
阅读下面的句子，指出与 fortune 搭配的短语及含义
①He dreams of making a fortune.他梦想发财。
短语：make_a_fortune 含义：发财
考点延伸 阅读下列句子，指出画线单词的词性及词义
②The year has been an especially fortunate one for me.
这是我特别幸运的一年。
词性：形容词 词义：幸运的，吉利的
③Fortunately，the storm only did minimal damage to the farmer's crops.
很幸运，暴风雨只使农民的庄稼受到轻微的损害。
词性：副词 词义：幸运地，吉利地
④He was unfortunate_to lose in the final round.
他不幸在最后一轮输了。
词性：形容词 词义：不幸的
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英语 24 字整体教学
强化训练 习题精做 名校名师整理材料 助同学们一臂之力 10
语法填空
1)Two middleaged passengers fell into the sea.______(fortunate) ， neither of them could
swim.
2)His grandfather made a small ______(fortunate)by mining.
3)His wife was ill in hospital，but ______(fortunate)it didn't have much influence on his
research work.
答案：1)Unfortunately 2)fortune 3)fortunately
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