核 心 考 点
课 堂 突 破 案
Unit 4 Helping people around the world
英 语
内 容 索 引
核心考点 课堂突破
随堂巩固 迁移运用
核心考点 课堂突破
1.lack vt.(所需事物的)缺乏,短缺;没有(某事物) n.缺少,不足
[教材原句]When there is a lack of food,there is hunger.缺少食物,就会有饥
饿。(P49)
语境巧练
[单句填空]
①Later,he worked in Africa,where many people suffered from blindness
lack of proper treatment.(2020·江苏卷)
②Despite his lack experience,he got the job.
③It (lack) the power of the Italian cars.
④He is lacking confidence when delivering a speech in public.
for
of
lacks
in
[句式升级]
⑤The green hand is short of practical experience.
=The green hand practical experience. is lacking in
考点必记
(1)lack+n.缺乏……
lack for+n.(多用于否定句中)需要;需求
(2)for lack of+n.因缺乏……
a lack of+n.缺乏……
no lack of不缺乏
(3)be lacking in sth不足;缺乏
[用法点拨]
lack不用于被动语态。
2.主语+be+形容词+不定式
[教材原句]This land was difficult to farm but now water has been pumped
into the fields.这块地过去难以耕种,但现在水已经被抽进了地里。(P49)
语境巧练
[单句填空]
①Many bad habits can be especially difficult (correct).
②The house is comfortable (live) in.
③The boy who was missing in the supermarket yesterday is hard to look
.
to correct
to live
for
[完成句子]
④虽然有些问题我似乎不熟悉,但它们很容易回答。
,they are easy to
answer.
Though some of the questions seem unfamiliar to me
考点必记
(1)本句属于“主语+be+adj.+动词不定式”结构,在此结构中,动词不定式用
主动形式表示被动意义。常见的用于此结构的形容词
有:difficult,hard,easy,comfortable,(im)possible,pleasant,interesting,exciting等。
(2)动词不定式和句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系;若动词不定式为
不及物动词,其后必须要加相应的介词。
[写作佳句]
The armchair looks rather hard,but in fact it is very comfortable to sit in.
这把扶手椅看上去很硬,但事实上坐上去很舒服。
3.refer to 谈及,提到;与……相关,涉及;查阅,参考
[教材原句]I am pleased to have this chance today to talk to you about the
United Nations,or the UN,as it is more often referred to.我很高兴今天有机
会同大家谈一谈联合国的情况,联合国也被称为UN——这个名称更常用。
(P50)
语境巧练
[单句填空]
①In his speech,he referred a recent trip to Canada.
②Our economy is referred to a free market.
③In (refer) to your question about cost,the tickets for the film are
35 yuan each.
④The result of the research is reference only.
to
as
reference
for
[完成句子]
⑤课本和字典可以作为参考书,杂志可以作为阅读材料。
The textbooks and dictionaries can be used while the
magazines serve as reading materials.
as reference books
考点必记
(1)refer to sb/sth as/to be...将某人/某物称为……
(2)reference n.提及,涉及;参考
a reference book参考书,工具书
with/in reference to关于,有关
for reference以备查阅
(3)refer v.提到,涉及,将某人(物)送交至……
[写作佳句]
Mr White referred his success to his hard work.怀特先生说他的成功是靠勤
劳工作而获得的。
4.worthy adj.令人敬重的;值得的,相称的;有价值的
[教材原句]With the help of these armies and other worthy organizations,the
UN assists the victims of wars and disasters.在这些军队和其他令人敬重的
机构的帮助之下,联合国帮助那些战争和灾害的受害者。(P50)
语境巧练
[一句多译]
这本参考书值得买,因为它对你的学习很有帮助。
①The reference book ,because it is a great help for your
study.(worth)
②The reference book ,because it is a great help for
your study.(worthy)
③The reference book ,because it is a great
help for your study.(worthy)
④ the reference book,because it is a
great help for your study.(worthwhile)
is worth buying
is worthy to be bought
is worthy of being bought
It is worthwhile buying/to buy
[完成句子]
⑤既然你对传统的中国文化感兴趣,我认为这个节日很值得你体验。
Since you are interested in traditional Chinese cultures, I think this festival
. is well worthy to be experienced/of being experienced
考点必记
(1)be worthy of sth/of being done/to be done值得(做)某事
(2)worthwhile adj.重要的;令人愉快的;值得花时间或花钱、努力(等)的
It’s worthwhile to do/doing sth值得做某事
(3)worth adj.值得的;值……钱的 n.价值
be worth+n.值得……,值……
be worth doing sth值得做某事
5.equal adj.平等的;同等的 n.同等的人;相等物
[教材原句]In addition,the UN helps protect human rights and works to
improve international laws,for example,those on child labour and on equal
rights for minorities and women.另外,联合国帮助保护人权和致力于改善国
际法规,比如:有关童工、少数民族和妇女的平等。(P50)
语境巧练
[单句填空]
①None of us can equal(= )her,either in beauty or as a
dancer.
②The film demands attention,and has no equal(=is )in
cinema history.
③Success doesn’t only depend on what you do.What you don’t do is
(equal)important.
be equal to
without equal
equally
[完成句子]
④其次,要积极向上、心情愉快,因为你的心理健康和身体健康同等重要。
For another, be positive and cheerful,for your mental health
your physical health.
is equal to
考点必记
(1)be equal to等于
the equal of与……相等;和……匹敌
equal treatment/rights平等对待/权利
equal opportunity机会均等
equal pay (男女)同工同酬
have no equal=be without equal无与伦比
(2)equally adv.同样地;相等地,平等地
equality n.平等;相等
racial equality种族平等
6.draw someone’s attention to使(某人)察觉到
[教材原句]In addition,my visits will encourage people working on the
projects and draw local people’s attention to the situation.另外,我的到来将
会鼓励人们致力于这些项目,吸引当地人们对形势的关注。(P51)
语境巧练
[单句填空]
①Uses of Prezi in listening and speaking courses draw (student)
attention to speaking more fluently.
②I tried not to draw their attention the weak points in my argument.
students’
to
考点必记
focus/centre/fix one’s attention on把注意力集中在……
attract/draw/catch one’s attention吸引某人的注意力
bring sth to one’s attention引起某人注意某事
[名师指津]
draw attention to 短语中的to 是介词,后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾
语。
7.contribute vt.&vi.捐献,捐赠,捐助;贡献;促成,导致;投稿
[教材原句]They collect approximately 1.35 yuan per day from each member
and add it to some money contributed by the government.他们每天向每个成
员筹集大约1.35元,然后加入政府捐献的款项中。 (P51)
语境巧练
[单句填空]
①The headmaster to a newspaper to praise the lady’s
generous to the school.(contribute)
[写出句子中contribute的含义]
②We’re not saying that everyone needs to contribute their lives to the poor.
③All the people in our school contributed something to the disaster areas.
④She contributed a number of articles to the magazine.
contributed
contribution
贡献
捐献
投稿
[完成句子]
⑤如果你想往我们报纸投稿,请在最后期限前把文章寄给我。
If you want to ,please send me your article
before the deadline.
contribute to our newspaper
考点必记
(1)contribute sth to...把……捐献给……;给……投稿
contribute to为……做出贡献;有助于;导致
(2)contributor n.贡献者
contribution n.捐献;贡献;投稿
make a contribution/contributions to对……做出贡献
[名师指津]
contribute to “有助于”后接名词、代词或动词-ing作宾语,不能用动词原形,
因为此处to为介词。
8.acquire vt.购得;获得,得到
[教材原句]With this,the women have enough money to acquire materials to
make baskets.有了这笔钱,女人们就有了足够的钱来获得做篮子的材料。
(P51)
语境巧练
[单句填空]
① (acquire)a good knowledge of English,he gave up his job
and went to study in an English school.
②He is a valuable (acquire) to the team.He is a good
teacher.
To acquire
acquisition
考点必记
(1)acquire sth学会,获得
acquire a habit of...养成……的习惯
acquire a taste for...开始喜欢上……
(2)acquisition n.取得,获得,习得;获得物
9.would rather...宁愿……
[教材原句]I would rather you hadn’t told me about it.我宁愿你还没有把
那件事告诉我。(P56)
语境巧练
[单句填空]
①One day a couple of weeks into the summer he came to me and said he
made a mistake and would rather (work) at my basketball camp.
②We would rather our daughter (stay) at home with us,but it is
her choice,and she is not a child any longer.
work
stayed
[句式升级]
③I prefer to play football rather than play basketball.
=I play football play basketball.
=I play football play basketball.
would rather than
would rather than
考点必记
(1)would rather do sth than(do)sth
=would do...rather than do...
=prefer to do...rather than do...
宁愿做……而不愿做……
(2)would rather do sth宁愿做……
(3)would rather +(that)从句
从句时态:
①过去时(与现在或将来事实相反)
②过去完成时(与过去事实相反)
(4)rather than而不是
10.If only...要是……就好了
[教材原句]If only there were more people donating money to charities!要是
有更多的人捐款给慈善机构就好了!(P57)
语境巧练
[单句填空]
①If only I (not inform) her of the news,she wouldn’t be
so sad.
②If only they (be) here now,we would be able to celebrate their
wedding anniversary.
[用if only,only if填空]
③I failed again. I had had time to review my lessons.
④ I make full preparations will I pass the test next time.
hadn’t informed
were
If only
Only if
[完成句子]
⑤要是他继续努力,他会得到一条更大的鱼。
,he would have got a bigger fish. If only he had kept on trying
考点必记
句中if only...意为“要是……就好了”,用来表达愿望,句中谓语动词要用虚
拟语气。
(1)if only...had done...表示与过去事实相反的愿望
(2)if only...did...表示与现在事实相反的愿望
(3)if only...could/would/might do...表示对将来事情的愿望(不用should)
(4)only if意为“只要……”,相当于as long as,位于句首时,其后句子用倒装语
序。
11.means n.手段,方法
[教材原句]Health care is limited as there are no doctors or nurses in the
villages—no one has the means to pay them.医疗水平有限,因为村里没有医
生也没有护士——没有人能够支付他们的报酬。(P59)
语境巧练
[单句填空]
①She could not speak,but made her wishes known by means signs.
②Every possible means (have) been tried,and we find only by
this means is it possible to persuade him.
of
has
[句式升级]
③The problem is by no means as simple as we first thought.
=By no means as simple as we first thought.
[完成句子]
④通过定向分享,我只需要把书传递给其他参与者。
controlled release,I only need to deliver books to other
participants.
is the problem
By means of
考点必记
(1)means of transportation运输工具,运输方式
means of communication通信手段
a means of doing sth做某事的方法/途径
a means to an end达到目的的方法
(2)by means of用,凭借
by no means=not by any means决不;一点也不
by all means当然可以;尽一切办法,务必
12.obtain vi.获得;流行 vt.获得
[教材原句]...people have to walk further and further away to obtain wood for
cooking and heating.……人们要走很远很远才能获取做饭取暖的柴火。
(P59)
语境巧练
[单句填空]
①It means we have the chance (obtain) information about how
the moon is constructed.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)
②The dried herb is (obtain) from health shops.
[完成句子]
③You can also (从实践中获得知
识).
to obtain
obtainable
obtain knowledge through practice
考点必记
(1)obtain employment就业,找到工作
obtain information获得信息;索取资料或合同
(2)obtainable adj.能得到的
be obtainable from...可以从……获得
13.break down 出故障;抛锚;瓦解,分解;失败;崩溃;损坏,拆毁
[教材原句]However,if the pump breaks down,repairing it can be
troublesome,as an engineer has to come from the nearest town to repair it.不过,
如果水泵坏了,由于工程师不得不从最近的城里赶过来修理,修理水泵会很
麻烦。(P59)
语境巧练
[用break的相关短语完成句子]
①The ice began to (破裂) on the river.
②He said his computer had (出故障).
③Last night somebody (闯入) Mr Brown’s house and took
away many things.
④A fire (爆发) after we got home.
break up
broken down
broke into
broke out
⑤The boy often (插嘴) while his parents are speaking.
⑥You must (与……脱离) from bad habits.
⑦After the heavy rain the sun (穿过……而出现) the
clouds.
⑧Peter looked annoyed and had one eye on the doors,ready to
(中断) the conversation the moment they opened.
breaks in
break away
broke through
break off
[完成句子]
⑨我的自行车半路出了故障,我从上面摔了下来,使得左脚受伤了。
My bike halfway and I fell off it,making my left foot
injured.
broke down
考点必记
break up打碎;分解;终止;破裂
break out爆发;突然发生
break in闯入;打断,插嘴
break away(from)与……脱离;与……断绝关系;打破(陈规陋习)
break through战胜,突围;穿过……而出现;突破
break off停顿,中断;断开,折断
break into强行进入,闯入;打断(谈话、讨论);突然开始
break the rule违反规定
[易混辨析]
break down与break up
两者在表示“击碎,粉碎,拆散”时意思非常相近,可通用。但是在表示化学
性质的分解时多用break down;表示“驱赶,使解散”时多用break up;表示婚
姻、友情等关系破裂时用break up。
14.remind sb of让某人想起……,提醒某人
[教材原句]It reminded me of my time in Sudan...这让我想起来我在苏丹的
日子…… (P63)
语境巧练
[单句填空]
①Remind me (phone) Alan before I go out.
②The shape reminds him the spires of the churches of London.
③I’m king of this forest,and here is your (remind)! (2018·全国
Ⅲ卷)
④Passengers (remind) that no smoking is allowed on this
train.
to phone
of
reminder
are reminded
[完成句子]
⑤这个结果有助于你预测一些重大疾病和食物偏好,并提醒你合适的锻炼
方式。
The result will help to predict some major and severe diseases and your
preference for diet and . remind you of suitable ways to exercise
考点必记
(1)remind sb to do sth提醒某人去做某事
remind sb that...提醒某人……
(2)reminder n.起提醒作用的物
(3)“v.+sb+of sth”短语
①cure sb of sth治好某人的病
②accuse sb of sth指控某人某事
③warn sb of sth警告某人某事
④inform sb of sth通知某人某事
⑤convince sb of sth使某人相信某事
⑥rob sb of sth抢劫某人的某物
15.think back to回想过去;回忆起
[教材原句]When I think back to all the experiences that I have had around
the world since joining Doctors without Borders,I feel that I have been very
lucky to be able to help others and do something worthwhile.当我回想起我参
加“无国界医生组织”以来在全世界范围的所有经历,我觉得我很幸运能够
帮助别人,做些有价值的事情。(P63)
语境巧练
[完成句子]
①“I have to do this,”I (暗自思考).
②People (很欣赏你) for your honesty and
professionalism.
③You always (再三考虑) before you say something.
④Why does it make me so sad when I (回想起)that time?
⑤He (仔细思考) the secretary’s words.Suddenly he saw
the whole thing more clearly.
think to myself
think highly of you
think twice
think back to
thought over
考点必记
think of记起,想起;考虑;想象;关心
think about考虑
think to oneself盘算;自思自忖
think for oneself独立思考
think twice再三考虑;重新考虑
think over仔细考虑;重新考虑
think oneself as自认为是
think highly of高度评价,尊重
think up想出;发明;虚构
16.make a difference有作用(关系、影响)
[教材原句]...I’m proud that I can help here and there,and make a difference
to people’s lives.……我很骄傲能到处帮忙,对人们的生活能有所影响。
(P63)
语境巧练
[用difference的相关短语完成句子]
①It (没有作用) to me whether he comes here or
not.
②Can you (区分) between the two words?
③Your age shouldn’t (有些作用) to whether you
get the job or not.
makes no difference
tell the difference
make any difference
[小话题写作]
④我不仅不会到处乱丢垃圾和吐痰,而且无论何时都会帮忙清理路边的垃
圾。我希望我的行为能起到作用。
keep from littering or spitting anywhere,but I will also help
clean up the roadside litter whenever possible.I hope my behavior will
.
Not only will I
make a difference
考点必记
make no difference(to sb/sth)
(对某人/物)没有作用或影响
make some difference(to sb/sth)
(对某人/物)有些作用或影响
tell the difference分辨;区分;区别
[写作佳句]
They have the power to make a difference in the lives of others.他们拥有对
别人命运有重大影响的能力。
随堂巩固 迁移运用
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.They are potential powers we (possession):energy,skill,sound
judgment,creative ideas—even physical strength greater than most of us
realize.
2.There are problems psychology doesn’t have the answer to,and which no
words can (description).
3.A (political) may read an account of his latest successful public
meeting,not for its delayed reward,but very much as his wife reads an account
of a party.
4.We are a (volunteer) organization and registered charity without
financial links to the National Park Authority.
possess
describe
politician
voluntary
5.You must have a good education,but practical training is (equal)
important.
6.These days the industry’s most (urge) question may be how to
control the flow of tourists.
7.In its early history,Chicago had floods frequently,especially in the spring,
making the streets so (mud) that people,horses,and carts got stuck.
8.I made a (commit) to him to pay all of the debts.
9.Mr Johnson insisted that the problem worthy attention be discussed at
the meeting.
10.Would you tell me the general (describe) of your present job?
equally
urgent
muddy
commitment
of
description
Ⅱ.短语填空
get hold of,for lack of,break down,in addition,refer to
1.A final point to bear in mind is that the term “classical music” is used to
a great variety of music,from jazz to pieces for large orchestras.
2.You need time and money; ,you need diligence.
3.People are moving to the cities work in the countryside.
4.If the car on the way,you will have to walk back.
5.He a railway timetable and looked up all the trains to
London.
refer to
in addition
for lack of
breaks down
got hold of
Ⅲ.单句改错
1.If only I have a car,I could get out of this place.
2.Rather than working in such a bad condition,he would give up.
3.Lacking of time prevented me from writing to you.
4.The water may be carried by mean of a pipe.
5.There occurred nothing worth to be mentioned.
have→had
working→work
Lacking→Lack或去掉of
mean→means
worth→worthy
Ⅳ.话题微写作
写作内容提示
1.现在,很多年轻人做志愿工作。(voluntary)
2.有些人去偏远的山区为留守儿童授课。(mountainous)
3.这些地区缺乏干净的自来水。(lack)
4.此外,孩子们每天走着泥泞的路去上学。(in addition)
5.如果人人都做出点贡献,我们就会对他人的生活产生影响。
(contribution,make a difference)
连句成文(参考上述提示,通过合理想象整合成一篇短文)
Nowadays,many young people do voluntary work.Some go to remote
mountainous areas to teach left-behind children.These areas lack clean
running water.In addition,children have to walk on the muddy path to
school.If everyone makes a contribution,we will make a difference to others’
lives.
微信/支付宝扫码支付