2020-2021学年北师大版（2019）必修第一册Unit3Celebration重要知识点及高考链接（无答案）

南阳市十一中高一英语组 1 2020-2021 学年北师大版（2019）必修第一册 Unit 3 Celebration 重要知识点及高考链接 2019/10/16 Motto You cannot improve your past, but you can improve your future. Once time is wasted, life is wasted. 你不能改变你的过去，但你可以让你的未来变得更美好。一旦时间浪费了，生命就浪费了。 重点单词及短语 Lesson1 1.（浙江卷）I've been writing this report ____for the last two weeks ,but it has to be handed it tomorrow. ( finally \ immediately \ occasionally \ certainly ) 2. (湖北)As he works in a remote area, he visits his parents only ______. ( occasionally \ anxiously \ practically \ urgently ) 3.（山东）Occasions are quite rare ____ I have the time to spend a day with my kids. 4. (上海) I saw Bob play the piano at John’s party and on that _____ he was simply brilliant. ( scene \ circumstance \ occasion \ situation ) 5.（上海春）The three sisters decided to bold a family party to __________ their parents' silver wedding. ( celebrate \ memorize \ congratulate \ welcome ) 6. (全国)In some parts of the world, tea________(serve) with milk and sugar. 7.〖上海〗In _________Chinese culture, marriage decisions were often made by parents for their children. 南阳市十一中高一英语组 2 ( traditional \ historic \ remote \ initial ) 8.(山东) There’s a _____ in our office that when it’s somebody’s birthday, they bring in a cake for us a ll to share. ( tradition \ balance \concern \ relationship ) Lesson 2 1.(山东)----Are you going to Tom’s birthday party? ---- _________. I might have to work. ( It depends \ Thank you \ Sound great \ Don’t mention it ) 2.(福建卷) — What are you going to do this weekend? — _____. If time permits, I may go to Shanghai with my friends. ( Don't mention it \ It doesn't matter \ Forget it \ It depends ) 3.（上海）-- Will you go skiing with me this winter vacation? -- It __________. ( all depend \ all depends \ is all depended \is all depending ) 4.（上海）I’m planning to hold a party in the open air, but I can make no guarantees because it ____ the weather. ( links with \ depends on \ connects to \ decides on ) 5.（天津）— How often do you eat out ? — __________, but usually once a week . ( Have no idea\ It depends \ As usual \ Generally speaking ) 6. (浙江)---- What do you want to do next? We have half an hour until the basketball game. ----- _____. Whatever you want to do is fine with me. ( It just depends \ It’s up to you \ All right \ Glad to hear that ) 7. (上海)The two sportsmen congratulated each other ______ winning the match by shaking hands. 8.-------John and I will celebrate our fortieth wedding anniversary next month. ----Oh, _________! （山东） ( cheer up \ well done \ go ahead \ congratulations ) 9. ( 全 国 )We offered him our congratulations _______his passing the college entrance exams. 南阳市十一中高一英语组 3 10. (全国)If you keep on, you'll succeed_________. ( in time \ at one time \ at the same time \ on time ) 11.（陕西）The manager wants to see changes in the company, and I am sure he will___________. ( in particular \ in turn \ in charge \ in time ) Lesson 3 1.（上海）We’re planning to send out a thousand invitations ________Expo volunteers. 2.（浙江）Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, _______ they knew it to be valuable. ( as if \ now that \ even though \ so that ) 3. (安徽卷)The engineer are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities, ___they have the interest. ( wherever \ Whenever \ even if \ as if ) 4. (北京卷)21.—Look at those clouds! —Don’t worry. ______ it rains, we’ll still have a great time. ( Even if \ As though \ In case \ If only ) 5.（湖南）Allow children the space to voice their opinions , ______they are different from your own . ( until \ even if \ unless \ as though ) 6. (江西)Your uncle seems to be a good driver ; _______, I wouldn’t dare to travel in his Car . ( even so \even though \therefore \so ) Lesson 4 1. (湖北)He began to take political science_______only when he left school. ( strictly \ truly \ carefully \ seriously ) 2. ( 陕 西 )A notice was put_____in order to remind the students of the changed lecture time. 3.（浙江）He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of ____at a hotel for the night . ( putting down \ putting off \ putting on \ putting up ) 4.（天津）The meal over, the managers went back to the meeting room to ______ their discussion. 南阳市十一中高一英语组 4 ( put away \ take down \ look over \ carry on ) Communication workshop 1. (全国)John plays football _______, if not better than, David. ( as well \ as well as \ so well \ so well as ) 2. E-mail, as well as telephones, ______(play) an important part in daily communication nowadays．(上海) 3. (辽宁)The father as well as his three children______( go ) skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter. 4. (陕西 卷)The basketball coach, as well as his team, ______ (interview) shortly after the match for their outstanding performance. 5. ( 四 川 卷 )This training program can give you a lift at work, ________ increase your income by 40%. ( as well as \ so long as \ so much as \ as soon as ) 6. 【福建】The famous musician, as well as his students, _______(invite) to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo. 7. (全国)Two middle-aged passengers fell into the sea._______(fortunate) , neither of them could swim. 重点句型与语法项目 1. ① ( 广 东 )You have been sitting on my hat and now it is badly out of________ .(L1) ②At the railway station, the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train was _______.（天津） ( out of sight \ out of reach \ out of order \ out of place \ out of shape \ out of balance ) 2.（上海）Leaves are found on all kinds of trees, but they differ greatly ________ size and shape. (L1) 3. (上海)The flu is believed _____ (cause) by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat. (L1) 4.（全国）Robert is said______(study) abroad，but I don’t know what country he studied in．(L1) 5. The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang，who was reported _____ (break) the world record in the l10-meter hurdle race．（辽宁卷）(L1) 6. Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) is said ______(buy) birds kept in cages in order to have the pleasure of setting them free. (重庆卷) (L1) 南阳市十一中高一英语组 5 7. AIDS is said _______(be) the biggest health challenge to both men and women in that area over the past few years. (湖北卷) (L1) 8. — Is Bob still performing? — I’m afraid not. He is said _______(leave) the stage already as he has become an official. (江苏卷) (L1) 9. (北京)－How long ______ David and Vicky _______married? －For about three years. (L2) 10.（上海）My uncle_______( marry ) until he was forty-five. (L2) 11. ( 安 徽 卷 )Sometimes proper answers are not far to seek______ food safety problem. (L3) 12. He invited me to a dance after the show ________Christmas Eve. （陕 西）(L4) 13. Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school, ________(attend) the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni （校友） from home and abroad. （江苏）(L4) 14.（重庆）At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and Jialing River______, one of the largest cities in China. (L4) ( lies Chongqing \Chongqing lies \ does lie Chongqing \ does Chongqing lie ) 15. (上海春) Just in front of our house ___ with a history of 1,000 years. (L4) ( does a tall tree stand \ stands a tall tree \ a tall tree is standing \ a tall tree stands ) 16. (四川) At the foot of the mountain _________ . (L4) ( a village lie \ lies a village \ does a village lie \ lying a village ) 17.（重庆卷）Look at the pride on Tom’s face. He seems _______ (praise) by the manager just now. (L4) (上海)Today we have chat rooms, text messaging, emailing… but we seem ______ (lose) the art of communicating face-to-face. (L4) 18. ( 重 庆 ) The engine just won't start. Something seems _______(go) wrong with it. (L4) 倒装句式 将谓语或谓语的一部分放到主语的前面，这种句式被称为倒装。倒装又可分为 南阳市十一中高一英语组 6 完全倒装和部分倒装。将谓语动词完全移到主语之前的称为完全倒装，也叫全部 倒装；只将助动词、be 动词或情态动词放到主语之前的称为部分倒装。 ★完全倒装 (1)here，there，now，then，thus 等副词置于句首，谓语动词常用 be，come， go，lie，run 等动词。 Then came the news that Mark had turned up. 消息传来，马克找到了。 (2)表示转移或方位的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语动词是表示动作的动词。 On the left sat her husband. 她左边坐着她的丈夫。 [名师点津] ★ 如果主语是人称代词，即使把上述两类词置于句首，主谓也不倒装。 In he came and the lesson began. 他走进来开始上课。 (3)代词 such 作表语置于句首，表示“这样的人”；“这样的物”，其后要用全部倒 装，谓语动词和后面的主语一致。 Such was the story he told me. 这就是他给我讲的故事。 (4)表语置于句首时，倒装结构为“表语＋连系动词＋主语”。 Gone are the days when women were looked down upon.妇女受歧视的日 子一去不复返了。 [即时演练 1] 用倒装形式完成下列句子 ①你要的书在这儿。 Here is the book you want. ②铃一响孩子们就冲了出去。 Out rushed the children as soon as the bell rang. ③树下是一位老人和一群孩子。 Under the tree are an old man and a group of children. ④刘老师出席了会议，他教我们英语。 Present at the meeting was Mr.Liu，who taught us English. 被动语态总结 一、被动语态的构成形式 1. 被动语态的基本时态变化 南阳市十一中高一英语组 7 被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由 be＋过去分词构成，be 随时态的变化而变化。以 do 为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为： 1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时 2） has /have been done 现在完成时 3） am/is /are being done 现在进行时 4） was/were done 一般过去时 5） had been done 过去完成时 6） was/were being done 过去进行时 7） shall/will be done 一般将来时 8） should/would be done 过去将来时 9） shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用） 10） should/would have been done 过去将来完成时（少用） 2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式 1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。 例 The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter. 2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一 个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。 例 His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为 He was given a present by his mother for his birthday. 3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结 构中的主语，其余不动。 例 Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为 The boy was caught smoking a cigarette. 4）在使役动词 have, make, get 以及感官动词 see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe 等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式 to 要省略，但 变为被动结构时，要加 to。 例 Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改为 A stranger was seen to walk into the building. 5) 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词＋介词”，“动词＋副词”等， 也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词 也不能省略。 例 The meeting is to be put off till Friday. 3. 非谓语动词的被动语态 v.+ing 形式及不定式 to do 也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态) 。 南阳市十一中高一英语组 8 例 I don't like being laughed at in the public. 二、 如何使用被动语态 学习被动语态时，不仅要知道被动语态的各种语法结构，还要知道在哪些情 况中使用被动语态。 1. 讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者 (这时可省 by 短 语)。 例 My bike was stolen last night. 2. 借助被动的动作突出动作的执行者。 例 I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should accept the offer. 3. 为了更好地安排句子。 例 The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. （一个主语就够了） 三、 It is said that+从句及其他类似句型 一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如 believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think 等可以用于句型“It＋be＋过去分词＋that 从句”或“主 语＋be＋过去分词＋to do sth.”。有： It is said that… 据说,It is reported that…据报道，It is believed that…大 家相信，It is hoped that…大家希望，It is well known that…众所周知，It is thought that…大家认为，It is suggested that…据建议。 例 It is said that the boy has passed the national exam. （＝The boy is said to have passed the national exam. ） 四、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义 1.英语中有很多动词如 break，catch，clean，drive，lock，open，sell， read，write，wash 等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其 主动形式 表达被动意义,主语通常是物。 例 This kind of cloth washes well. 注意：主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造 成的影响。 试比较：The door won't lock． （指门本身有毛病） The door won't be locked． （指不会有人来锁门, 指“门没有锁”是人 的原因） 2. 表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语，如：happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out 南阳市十一中高一英语组 9 等以主动形式表示被动意义。 例 How do the newspapers come out? 这些报纸是如何引出来的呢？ 3. 系动词没有被动形式, 但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词 feel, sound, taste, look, feel 等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。 例 Your reason sounds reasonable. 五、非谓语动词的主动形式表被动意义 在某些句型中可用动名词和不定式的主动形式表被动意义 。 ★1． 在 need，want，require, bear 等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表 示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。 例 The house needs repairing（to be repaired）．这房子需要修理。 ★2． 形容词 worth 后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，但不能跟动 词不定式；而 worthy 后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。 例 The picture-book is well worth reading．（＝The picture-book is very worthy to be read．） ★3. 动词不定式在名词后面作定语，不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时，又 和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系, 不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。 例 I have a lot of things to do this afternoon． (to do 与 things 是动 宾关系，与 I 是主谓关系。) 试比较：I’ll go to the post office. Do you have a letter to be posted? ( 此处用不定式的被动语态作定语表明 you 不是 post 动作的执行者。) ★4. 在某些“形容词＋不定式”做表语或宾语补足语的结构中，句子的主 语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意 义。这些形容词有 nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，impossible， pleasant，interesting 等。 例 This problem is difficult to work out .（可看作 to work out 省略了 for me）. 5． 在 too… to…结构中，不定式前面可加逻辑主语，所以应用主动形式表 示被动意义。 例 This book is too expensive (for me) to buy. ★ 6. 在 there be…句型中，当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时，不定式用主 动式作定语，重点在人，用被动形式作定语，重点在物。 例 There is no time to lose（to be lost）．（用 to lose 可看成 for us to lose；用 to be lost，谁 lost time 不明确。） ★7. 在 be to do 结构中的一些不定式通常应用主动表主动, 被动表被动。 南阳市十一中高一英语组 10 然而,由于古英语的影响,下列动词 rent,blame,let 等仍用不定式的主动形式表示 被动意义。 例 Who is to blame for starting the fire? The house is to let. 此房 出租。 六、介词 in, on, under 等+名词构成介词短语表被动意义 表示方位的介词与含动作意义的名词合用，含被动之义，其意义相当于该名 词相应动词的被动形式，名词前一般不用冠词。 ★ 1.“under +名词”结构，表示“某事在进行中”。常见的有：under control （受控制）, under treatment（在治疗中）, under repair（在修理中）, under discussion（在讨论中）, under construction（在施工中）。 例 The building is under construction( is being constructed). 2．“beyond+名词”结构，“出乎……胜过……、范围、限度”。常见的有： beyond belief (令人难以置信)， beyond one’s reach（鞭长莫及），beyond one’s control（无法控制），beyond our hope． 我们的成功始料不及。 例 The rumour is beyond belief（=can’t be believed）． 3.“above+名词”结构, 表示“(品质、行为、能力等) 超过……、高于……”。 例 His honest character is above all praise．=His honest character cannot be praised enough． 4．“for+名词”结构，表示 “适于……、 为着……”。如：for sale(出售), for rent（出租）等。 例 That house is for sale. (= That house is to be sold). 5．“in+名词”结构 ，表示“在……过程中或范围内”常见的有：in print （在印刷中），in sight(在视野范围内)，等。 例 The book is not yet in print．(=is not yet printed) 6．“on+名词”结构, 表示“在从事…… 中”。常见的有：on sale(出售)， on show（展出）, on trial（受审）。 例 Today some treasures are on show in the museum (= are being showed). ★7．“out of+名词”结构 ； 表示 “超出…… 之外“，常见的有：out of control (控制不了)，out of sight （超出视线之外），out of one’s reach(够 不着), out of fashion(不流行)等。 例 The plane was out of control (can’t be controlled)． 。 ★8．“within+名词”结构，“在……内、不超过……”。 例 He took two days off within the teacher's permission． 南阳市十一中高一英语组 11 七、被动语态与系表结构的区别 当“be+过去分词”作被动语态时表示主语承受的动作；作系表结构时表示 主语的特点或所处的状态时，be 后面的过去分词是表语，相当于形容词。其区 分办法如下： 1．如果强调动作或句中有介词 by 引导出动作的执行者，该句一般为被动 语态，否则为系表结构。 例 The glass is broken． （系表结构） The glass was broken by the boy． （被动语态） 2．如果句中有地点、频率或时间状语时，一般为被动语态。 例 The door is locked． （系表结构） The door has already/just been locked．（被动语态） 3．被动语态除用于一般时态和完成时态外，还可以用于其他各种时态，而 系表结构中的系动词 be 只有一般时态和完成时态。 例 The machine is being repaired． 高考真题精选 1.Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains ________(see) whether they will enjoy it. (NMET) 2. While shopping, people sometimes can’t help _______(persuade) into buying something they don’t really need. （上海） 3.I feel it is your husband who _______(blame) for the spoiled child.（上海） 4.（北京卷）Shakespeare’s play Hamlet _______(made) into at least ten different films over the past years. 5.（北京卷） Experiments of this kind ________(conduct) in both the U.S. and Europe well before the Second World War. 6. ( 上海卷 ) After getting lost in a storm, a member of the navy team _____(rescue) four days later. 7.（四川卷）All visitors to this village _________ with kindness. A. treat B. are treated C. are treating D. had been treated 8. （天津卷）In the last few years thousands of films __________ (produce) allover the word. 9. (湖南卷) In the near future, more advances in the robot technology __________(make) by scientists. 10.(全国 II ) Linda ，make sure the tables _______ (set) before the guests arrive. 南阳市十一中高一英语组 12 11.（四川卷）You’ve failed to do what you _______(expect) to and I’m afraid the teacher will blame you. 12.（全国卷Ⅰ）His sister left home in 1998, and________(hear) of since. 13. ( 安 徽 卷 ) After school we went to the reading-room to do some reading, only to be told that it _______(decorate). 14.(湖南卷) Don’t worry. The hard work that you do now ______(repay) later in life. 15.（湖南卷）If nothing ________(do), the oceans will turn into fish deserts. 16.（全国卷）The mother didn't know ____ to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out. 17.(全国卷 I 26) I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good _____(breathe). 18.(全国 II)The evening news comes on at Seven o' clock and ______ only thirty minutes. ( keeps \ continues \ finishes \ lasts ) 19.（北京）—Mummy, can I put the peaches in the cupboard? —No, dear. They don’t _______ well. Put them in the fridge instead. ( keep \ fit \ get \ last ) 20.(全国卷 I) The performance ______ nearly three hours, but few people left the theatre early. ( covered \ reached \ played \ lasted ) 21.(浙江)It remains _______(see) whether Jim will be fit enough to play in the finals. 22.Why don't you put the meat in the fridge? It will ____ (stay) fresh for several days.(NMET)