人教新课标高三英语一轮复习非谓语动词作定语的用法课件

非谓语动词作定语的用法 非谓语动词的时态和语态： 进行式 完成式一般式 主动 被动 to be doing to have done to be done to have been done 完成式一般式 having done主动 被动 being done having been done 1）The car to be bought is for his sister . 2) He is always the first to come and the last to leave. He was the best man to do the job . 3) Do you have the ability to read and write in English? 修饰数词或形容词的 最高级时 表示将来 被修饰的词是抽象时，常见的有 ability, chance, idea, fact, attempt, belief, way, promise 等。 • 1、不定式作定语永远放在所修饰词的后面。 • 2、不定式和它前面所修饰的名词或代词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，又和主语 构成逻辑上的主动关系时，不定式常用主动形式。 例如 1）I have a lot of work to do . 2)— Mr Smith, do you have something to be typed ? • —No, thank you . 如果不定式是不及物动词，它后面应带有必要的介词。 eg: I have got a chair to sit on . “have sth to do” “主语有某事要去做” （二）分词作定语 • 1、及物动词的分词作定语 eg: 1) Do you know the boy standing under the tree? 2) The houses being built are for villages. 3) I don't like the novel written by Mary （与被修饰名词之间为主动关系） （与被修饰名词之间为被动关系且正在进行） （与被修饰名词之间为被动关系且完成） doing（表示正在进行）done（表示已经完成） eg： boiling water boiled water developing countries developed countries （三）不定式 to be done， 现在分词being done 和过去分词done作定语的区别 1The question to be discussed tomorrow is very important . 2 The question being discussed now is very important. 3The question discussed yesterday is very important 不定式 to be done 表“被动 将来” 现在分词being done表“被动 进行” 过去分词done 表“被动 完成” 典型直击 1. Laura was away in Paris for over a week .When she got home ,there was a pile of mails ____for her. • A waited B to wait C waiting D was waiting 典型直击 2 The witness ___by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight . A questioned.      B being questioned. C to be questioned   D having questioned 典型直击 3.In some language ,100 words make up half of all words _____ in daily conversations. A using. B to use. C having used. D used 4. We're having a meeting in half an hour ,The decision __at the meeting will influence the future of our company. A to be made B being made. C made D having been made 典型直击 5.Volunteering gives you a chance ____ lives, including your own . A change B changing C changed D to change 6.I have a lot of readings ____ before the end of this term . A completing B to complete C completed D being completed