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重庆市 2018-2019 学年高二下学期期中英语试题分类汇编
-阅读理解
重庆市渝东六校 2018-2019 学年高二下学期期中联考英语试题
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
First aid is defined as the emergency care given to a sick or injured person.The goals of first aid are to
prevent death and to prevent injuries from becoming worse.Each emergency condition is different.However, the
following rules apply to any kind of emergency.
*Be aware of your limitations.Do not try to do more than you are able to.Nor should you do things if you are
unfamiliar with them.Do what you can under the conditions at the time.
*Stay calm.Acting calmly will help the victim feel safe.
*Take a quick look to see if the victim is bleeding, and if there is a pulse.
*Keep the victim lying down and do not move him or her.You could make an injury worse if you move the
victim.
*Call for help or ask someone to make the EMS system (急救系统) start.
*Keep the victim warm.Cover the victim with a blanket.Coats and sweaters can be used if a blanket can not
be found.
*Reassure ( 使…… 安心) the victim.Explain what is happening and that help has been called.
*Do not give the victim any food or fruits.
*Keep the bystanders (旁观者) away from the victim.Bystanders want to have a look，offer advice，and say
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something about the victim's condition.The victim may believe that the condition is worse than it really is.
1. The main idea of the text is to tell ．
A. how to save a person
B. what to do when an accident happens
C. how to call for help
D. how to give first aid
2. The most important purpose of first aid is ．
A. to help the victim stay in a safe place
B. to keep the injured person calm
C. to stop death and to prevent injuries from becoming worse
D. to see if the injured person is still living
3. The purpose of keeping the bystanders away from the victim is: ．
A. not to kill the patients
B. not so many people are needed
C. the more people,the more bacteria
D. do not let too many bystanders around to interrupt the victim.
4. Which of the following is not correct? ．
A. Do what you can and call for help at once.
B. Stay calm and look at the condition carefully.
C. Keep the victim warm by giving the victim some hot water.
D. Have the patients sent to the nearest hospital
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【答案】1. D 2. C 3. D 4. C
B
You can tell a lot about a country by what's on its television sets. Britain's TV screens are completely steeped
in class, and have long been so.
From laughing at poor people in reality shows to laughing at posh people in Downton Abbey, this is how
Britain likes to unwind in the evening: by laughing at other classes, and laughing at people for laughing about
class.
Like it or loathe it, many see the class system as a quite essential element of British life, together with our
obsession for tea and cake and talking about the weather.
Whether you are a lord, a lady, or just the king of your own middle class kingdom, everyone in the UK fits
into the class system. How the class system works is a hard question even for a British person to answer.
There are four main groups in the British class system: lower, working, middle and upper class. Although
recently the BBC has tried to confuse everyone even more by adding three more categories.
The British are very aware of class; it is often said that we have an in-built 'class radar'; we pick up on subtle
social clues which indicate which class a person comes from. Class is not just about your job, where you live and
how much you earn. It's about who you are.
5. According to the passage ,what Britain are not likely to talk about?
A. Weather B. Class
C. Jokes D. Tea and cake
6. How many class categories are there according to BBC?
A. Five B. Three
C. Seven D. Four
7. Why Britain are so obsessed with class?
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A. Because many see the class system as a typical part of British life.
B. Because class is about who you are.
C. Because how the class system works is a hard question even for a British person to answer.
D. Because there are different groups in the British class system.
【答案】5. C 6. C 7. A
C
Children are starting on digital devices at ever younger ages, and opinions on the effects of children's
digital-media habits are deeply polarised.(两极分化的).
Jean Twenge, a psychology professor, thinks excessive use of the internet and social media makes children
lonely and depressed and poses serious risks to their physical and particularly their mental health, sometimes to
the point of driving them to suicide.
However, Daniel Kardefelt-Winther of the Innocenti research office of Unicef examined various evidence
and found less cause for alarm than is often suggested.Most of the studies he examined seem to show that the
technology helps children stay in touch with their friends and make new ones.
The relationship between the use of digital technology and children's mental health, broadly speaking,
appears to be u-shaped.Researchers have found that moderate use is beneficial, whereas either no use at all or
extreme use could be harmful.
What worries some experts more is that screens are becoming part of the middle-class armoury( 武器 ) for
perpetuating( 巩固 ) social advantage.Children from well-off homes are enrolled in private classes to learn skills
like "How to be a YouTuber", which poorer parents cannot afford.
8. What is the second paragraph mainly about?
A. The disadvantages of overusing digital media.
B. The bad effects of using digital media.
C. Several bad impacts of using digital media.
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D. The advantages of overusing digital media.
9. What is Daniel Kardefelt-Winther’s attitude to the use of digital media?
A. Objective B. Favorable
C. Indifferent D. Uncertain
10. What can you infer from the last paragraph?
A. Not all Children from rich homes can attend private classes
B. Not all Children from poor homes can learn skills like“how to be a YouTuber”.
C. Digital media is the only way of strengthening the middle-class.
D. Digital media can widen class gap.
11. What is the best title for the text?
A. Should children interact with digital media ?
B. Should parents allow their children interact with digital media?
C. What children do to interact with digital devices.
D. How children interact with digital devices.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. A
D
The world’s insects are hurtling down the path to extinction, threatening a “catastrophic collapse of nature’s
ecosystems”, according to the first global scientific review. More than 40% of insect species are declining and a
third are endangered, the analysis found. The rate of extinction is eight times faster than that of mammals, birds
and reptiles.
“It should be of huge concern to all of us, for insects are at the heart of every food web, they pollinate the
large majority of plant species, keep the soil healthy, recycle nutrients, control pests, and much more. Love them
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or loathe them, we humans cannot survive without insects, ” said Prof Dave Goulson at the University of Sussex
in the UK.
The analysis, published in the journal Biological Conservation, says intensive agriculture is the main driver
of the declines, particularly the heavy use of pesticides. Urbanization and climate change are also significant
factors.
One of the biggest impacts of insect loss is on the many birds, reptiles, amphibians and fish that eat insects. A
small number of adaptable species are increasing in number, but not nearly enough to outweigh the big losses.
Matt Shardlow, at the conservation charity Buglife, said: “It is gravely sobering to see this collation of
evidence that demonstrates the pitiful state of the world’s insect populations. It is increasingly obvious that the
planet’s ecology is breaking and there is a need for an intense and global effort to stop and reverse these dreadful
trends.”
12. What does “are hurtling down ”underlined mean?
A. To climb very slow in a straight direction
B. To move very fast in a particular direction.
C. To become lower in value or level quickly
D. To speed up suddenly in a particular direction
13. According to the passage what caused the declines of the insects EXCEPT?
A. Intensive agriculture
B. Urbanization
C. Climate change
D. Pests control.
14. In paragraph 4, the author wants to stress the decline of insects
A. by giving the examples
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B. by making the comparison
C. by giving the definition.
D. by making the explanation
15 What is the main idea of the text?
A. Sharply decreasing insects numbers threaten damage of nature.
B. The impacts will be brought by the insect loss.
C. The effective measures are taken to stop the scary trends.
D. The leading factors cause insects decline
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. B 15. A
重庆大学城第一中学校 2018-2019 学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Aruba is one of the most well-known Caribbean destinations for tourists around the world.
You’re probably wondering what to include as well as what to wear while you’re in Aruba.
Clothes
The main reason why you’re heading there is to relax on the country’s fresh beaches and joy in warm waters
of the Caribbean Sea. During most of the day, you’ll likely be wearing your swimsuit. When you’re finished at the
beach or pool area, it is advisable to bring along a shirt or cover as well as shorts to wear.
It is not recommended to wear beach clothes when you go out for dinner – regardless of the time of day.
Shorts and T-shirts are enough in many restaurants, although more formal clothes are advised for the fanciest
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eatin g establishments.
What else to bring?
The Caribbean sun is very strong and if you’re planning on spending lots of time in the sun, there are several
precautions you must take. Include suncream, sunglasses, a wide hat, a couple of bathing suits, as well as a beach
bag and a cooler in your luggage.
What NOT to bring?
While drinking water is questionable or not safe in many Caribbean nations, Aruba is an exception. Aruba is
known for having the cleanest water in the world. There is no need to bring water, simply bring along an empty
bottle.
Several items are prohibited in Aruba for carrying. These include firearms, e-cigarettes, as well as sharp
objects and tools.
21. Tourists choose Aruba for a destination mainly because__________.
A. they can wear casual clothes freely
B. they can enjoy the beautiful scenery
C. they can relax on the beach and in waters
D. they can have a wonderful dinner party there
22. Which of the following is not advised to do in Aruba?
A. Wearing a T-shirt in a restaurant.
B. Preparing suncream in advance.
C. Wearing beach clothes for dinner.
D. Taking along sun glasses before going out.
23. The purpose of the text is to__________.
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A. provide information for tourists
B. offer advice on travelling in Aruba
C. attract more tourists to travel in Aruba
D. warn tourists against doing wrong things
B
I never planned to be a teacher. I was headed for a law school, for a real career. Teaching was something to
“get out of my system”. I would teach a couple of years and then go to get a real job. After the first couple of
years, I promised myself I would leave if I didn’t love my job any more. Twenty-nine years later, that day still has
not come.
So, why do I stay? I stay because I laugh and learn every day. The children are funny, insightful, and honest.
If my shoes don’t match my outfit, they tell me. If my argument that Invisible Man is an important twentieth
century classics doesn’t convince them, they tell me.
I stay because every single day is different. Some days, my lessons are great, and I have classes of students
who are engaged in reading, writing and thinking. Some days, my lessons fall flat, and I realize that I need to start
from scratch — even after 29 years.[来源:学*科*网]
I stay because I love to see the children realize that they have learned something — whether it’s how to craft
an argumentative thesis sentence or how to understand the effect of repetition in The Declaration of Independence.
I love to see the children write well; I love the feeling of reading a well-argued essay, and I love smiling as I write
a final “Awesome job!” on a paper on which a student has worked hard.
I stay because what I’ve learned in 29 years is that I do have a “real” job — the most real job there is. It’s the
one that leads to other jobs, that helps to create good thinkers who go on to be productive in our society, and that
supports our community as it grows and times change. My job is among the ones that matter most.
24.The author became a teacher because he ____________.
A. needed money to go to a law school B. loved dealing with children
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C. loved teaching very much D. failed to get a “real” job
25. We can infer from Paragraph 2 that the author _________.
A. often pays no attention to his outfit B. is good at convincing his students
C. enjoys his time with his students D. doesn’t read many classics
26. According to Paragraph 4, the author continues to teach most probably because ________.
A. teaching makes him feel he can make a difference to children
B. teaching makes him realize every day is different
C. he can learn a lot of things from teaching
D. he likes to be praised by his students
27. What is the passage mainly about?
A. What the author has learned as a teacher.
B. What the author thinks of being a teacher.
C. Why the author didn’t choose to become a lawyer.
D. Why the author chooses to stay as a teacher.
C
A young woman sits alone in a café sipping tea and reading a book. She pauses briefly to write in a nearby
notepad before showing her words to a passing café waiter: “Where are the toilets please?” This is a familiar scene
in Tokyo’s so-called “silent cafés”, where customers are not allowed to speak, and only communicate by writing
in notepads.
The concept rises by a desire to be alone among young Japanese, a situation brought by economic uncertainty,
a shift in traditional family support structures and the growing social isolation. The phenomenon is not limited to
coffee shops but covers everything from silent discos, where participants dance alone wearing wireless
headphones connected to the DJ, to products such as small desk tents designed for conversation-free privacy in the
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office. One Kyoto company even offers single women the opportunity to have a “one woman wedding” — a full
bridal affair, complete with white dress and ceremony, and the only thing missing is the groom. The trend has its
own media expression — “botchi-zoku”, referring to individuals who consciously choose to do things completely
on their own.
One recent weekday afternoon, Chihiro Higashikokubaru, a 23-year-old nurse, travelled 90 minutes from her
home, to Tokyo on her day off in order to enjoy some solo time. Speaking quietly at the entrance of the cafe, Miss
Higashikokubaru said: “I heard about this place via Twitter and I l ike the idea of coming here. I work as a nurse
and it's always very busy. There are very few quiet places in Tokyo, and it's a big busy city. I just want to come
and sit somewhere quietly on my own. I’m going to drink a cup of tea and maybe do some drawings. I like the
idea of a quiet, calm atmosphere.”
The desire to be isolated is not a new concept in Japan, home to an estimated 3.6 million “hikikomori” — a
more extreme example of social recluses (隐士) who withdraw completely from society.
28. What is special about the “silent cafes”?
A. It provides various tea and books.
B. People are not allowed to communicate.[来源:学。科。网 Z。X。X。K]
C. It has attracted many popular young people.
D. It offers service by writing not by speaking.
29. Which of the following accounts for the idea of being alone in Japan?
A. The increasing social isolation.
B. The stable economic situation.
C. The rising demand for privacy.
D. The rapid development of internet.
30. What do we know about Higashikokubaru?
A. She doesn’t like to be a nurse.
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B. She doesn’t like the life in big cities.
C. She enjoys her solo time in a quiet place.
D. She travelled to Tokyo on her work days.
31. What is the best title of the passage?
A. Silent cafes B. Lonely Japanese
C. One woman wedding D. Social recluses in Japan
D
A rainforest is an area covered by tall trees with the total high rainfall spreading quite equally through t he year
and the temperature rarely dipping below l6℃．Rainforests have a great effect on the world environment because
they can take in heat from the sun and adjust the climate．Without the forest cover，these areas would reflect more
heat into the atmosphere，warming the rest of the world. Losing the rainforests may also influence wind and
rainfall patterns，potentially（潜在的） causing certain natural disasters all over the world．
In the past hundred years，humans have begun destroying rainforests in search of three major resources(资源)：
land for crops ， wood for paper and other products ， land for raising farm animals ． This action affects the
environment as a whole．For example，a lot of carbon dioxi de (二氧化碳)in the air comes from burning the
rainforests．People obviously have a need for the resources we gain from cutting trees but we will suffer much
more than we will benefit.
There are two main reasons for this．Firstly，when people cut down trees，generally they can only use the land
for a year or two．Secondly，cutting large sections of rainforests may provide a good supply of wood right now，
but in the long run it actually reduces the world’s wood supply．
Rainforests are often called the world’s drug store．More than 25％ of the medicines we use today come
from plants in rainforests．However，fewer than l％of rainforest plants have been examined for their medical
value．It is extremely likely that our best chance to cure diseases lies somewhere in the world’s shrinking（收缩
的） rainforests．
32．Rainforests can help to adjust the climate because they ．
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A．reduce the effect of heat from the sun on the earth
B．bring about high rainfall throughout the world
C．rarely cause the temperature to drop lower than l6℃
D．reflect more heat into the atmosphere
33．What does the word “this” underlined in the third paragraph refer to?
A．We will lose much more than we can gain．
B．Humans have begun destroying rainforests．
C．People have a strong desire for resources．
D．Much carbon dioxide comes from burning rainforests．
34．It can be inferred from the text that .
A．we can get enough resources without rainforests
B．the level of annual rainfall affects wind patterns
C．we will grow fewer kinds of crops in the gained land
D．there is great medicine potential in rainforests
35．What might be the best title for the text?
A．How to Save Rainforests
B．How to Protect Nature
C．Rainforests and the Environment
D．Rainforests and Medical Development
21-25 CCBDC 26-30 ADDAC 31-35 AAADC
重庆市永川区 2018-2019 学年高二下学期期中英语试题
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第三部分阅读理解（共 20 小题，每题 2 分，满分 40 分）
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
As prices and building costs keep rising, the “do-it-yourself” (DIY) trend (趋势) in the U.S. continues to grow.
“We needed furniture(家具) for our living room.” C, “and we just didn’t have enough money to buy it. So we
decided to try making a few tables and chairs.” John got married six months ago, and like many young people
these days, they are struggling to make a home at a time when the cost of living is very high. The Rosses took a
2-week course for $ 280 at a night school. Now they build all their furniture and make repairs around the house.
Jim Hatfield has three boys and his wife died. He has a full-time job at home as well as in a shoe making factory.
Last month, he received a car repair bill for $ 420. “I was deeply upset about it. Now I’ve finished a car repair
course, I should be able to fix the car by myself.”
John and Jim are not unusual people. Most families in the country are doing everything they can to save money so
they can fight the high cost of living. If you want to become a “do-it-yourself”, you can go to DIY classes. And for
those who don’t have time to take a course, there are books that tell you how you can do things yourself.
36. We can learn from the text that many newly married people _______.
A. find it hard to pay for what they need
B. have to learn to make their own furniture.
C. take DIY courses run by the government.
D. seldom go to a department store to buy things
37. John and his wife went to evening classes to learn how to _____
A. run a DIY shop B. make or repair things
C. save time and money D. improve the quality of life.
38. When the writer says Jim has a full-time job at home, he means Jim ____
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A. makes shoes in his home B. does extra work at night
C. does his own car and home repairs D. keeps house and looks after his children
39. Jim Hatfield decided to become a “do-it-yourself” when ____
A. his car repairs cost too much B. the car repair class was not helpful
C. he could no possible do two job D. he had to raise the children by himself
【答案】36. A 37. B 38. D 39. A
B
President Bush got a firsthand look at the heavily damaged Pentagon complex (五角大楼), where a hijacked
(被劫持的) American Airlines Flight 77 crashed and exploded on Tuesday morning. First lady Laura Bush, visited
doctors, nurses and victims of the attack at Walter Reed Army Medical Center.
“It makes me sad on the one hand,” the president told rescue workers. “It also makes me angry. Our country
will, however, not be cowed by terrorists.”
Before the president's tour, firefighters had finally put out the fires and put a huge American flag near the
broken wing of the building to welcome him. Rescue workers searching the remains of the damaged wing all but
lost hope of finding any survivors. Officials now estimate the number of dead or missing in the Pentagon at 200.
“The deadly attacks, which were carried out yesterday against our country, were more than acts of terror.
They were acts of war,” Bush said. “This will require our country to unite in determination and resolve (决心).”
40. When did Bush pay his visit to Pentagon after the September 11 attacks?
A. On Monday. B. On Tuesday.
C. On Wednesday. D. On Thursday.
41. What does the underlined word “cowed” in the second paragraph mean?
A. Frightened. B. Attacked.
C. Worried. D. Puzzled.
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42. This passage is ________.
A. an interview of president Bush on the spot
B. a review of Tuesday morning’s attack towards USA
C. a report on the president’s tour to Pentagon
D. an editorial (社论) of the terrorist attack
【答案】40. C 41. A 42. C
C
London has a new magazine. But it is not printed on paper. Everyone who has a television can receive it
because it is on TV.
In order to read this magazine you have to have a decoder. Each page of it is numbered , so you only
have to dial the number to choose which subject you want to read about. There is a wide choice — everything is
included from cooking to the latest sports news.
If you want to read the news, the first thing you have to do is to turn to the index (索引) page which has an
easy-to-remember page number, 100 for example. The news is on pages 101 to 109 so you push out the numbers
and the news appears written across your screen. Perhaps you want to go out in the afternoon, so you press 181,
and a brightly coloured weather map appears on the screen. But the weather is terrible so you decide to go
shopping and dial 162 for a list of the week’s best bargains. But should you drive or take the train? To answer that
question you only have to press 189 for the traffic report. It is very simple to use. But probably the best thing
about the service is that it is being updated all the time. Journalists type new material directly onto the screen and
whole pages of the magazine can be replaced in minutes.
London already has three services. One is transmitted (输送) by ITV while the other two on BBC. BBC
engineers do not think that their idea will ever replace books and newspapers because they can be taken with you
everywhere. But many people would agree that this is a breakthrough as great as the invention of printing, which
could change not just our reading habits but our whole way of life.
43. We can know from the passage that _________.
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A. the magazine can be bought at any local newsstand
B. most of the postmen in London will lose their jobs some day
C. the readers can get all kinds of information staying at home
D. everyone can read this magazine if they have a television
44. In the sentence “Each page of it is numbered”, here “it” refers to the ___________.
A. decoder B. magazine
C. subject D. program
45. According to the passage, the “decoder” is used to help people ______.
A. find out the sum of certain figures
B. go shopping and have other entertainment
C. receive some special TV program for entertainment
D. read the information transmitted by TV signals
46. The passage is mainly about __________.
A. a new magazine printed in London
B. a popular TV program about magazines
C. an up-to-date way of keeping up to date
D. a technology helping people to communicate
【答案】43. B 44. B 45. D 46. D
D
Do this and you’ll be welcome anywhere.
Why read this book to find out how to win friends? Why not study the technique of the greatest winner of
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friends the world has ever known? Who is he? You may meet him tomorrow coming down the street. When you
get within ten feet of him, he will begin to wag his tail. If you stop and pat him, he will almost jump out of his
skin to show you how much he likes you. And you know that behind this show of affection on his part, there are
no secret motives (动机): he doesn’t want to sell you any real estate (房地产), and he doesn’t want to marry you.
Did you ever stop to think that a dog is the only animal that doesn’t have to work for a living? A hen has to
lay eggs; a cow has to give milk; and a canary has to sing. But a dog makes his living by giving you nothing but
love.
When I was five years old, my father bought a little yellow-haired young dog for fifty cents. He was the light
and joy of my childhood. Every afternoon about four-thirty, he would sit in the front yard with his beautiful eyes
staring at the path, and as soon as he heard my voice or saw me swinging my dinner pail (提桶) through the bush,
he was off like a shot, racing breathlessly up the hill to greet me with leaps of joy and barks of cheer.
Puppy was my good companion (陪伴) for five years. Then one night — I shall never forget it — he was
killed by lightening. Puppy’s death was the terrible event of my boyhood.
You never read a book on psychology, Puppy. You didn’t need to. You knew that one can make more friends
in two months by becoming really interested in other people than one can in two years by trying to get other
people interested in him. Let me repeat that. You can make more friends in two months by becoming interested in
other people than you can in two years by trying to get other people interested in you.
47. What is the writer talking about when he mentions “the greatest winner of friends the world has ever known”?
A. himself B. Puppy
C. a pet dog D. a psychology book
48. The writer took Puppy as an example ________.
A. to explain how to win love from other people
B. to show how he liked the companion
C. to tell the readers why they should read this book
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D. to show us the difference between hens ,dogs and dogs
49. According to the writer, to be welcome anywhere, you must ________.
A. show interest and love for others B. do everything without secret motives
C. meet the needs of different people D. know much about other people’s feelings
50. Generally speaking, the writer was ________ when writing this passage.
A. disappointed B. serious
C. sad D. relaxed
【答案】47. C 48. A 49. D 50. D
E
There was no escape from the storm of November 13,1970. It hit the island of East Pakistan(东巴基斯坦)
with terrible force. There were winds of more than 150 miles an hour. The storm whipped up the water around the
islands. Waves as high as 25 feet flooded the land.
The people who live on the flat islands in the Bay of Bengal(孟加拉湾) must always worry about the weather.
Their land is rich; it is perfect for growing rice. But there is no protection from the storms that blow up from the
Indian Ocean. When the sea rises up, there is no place to go. The islands have no hills or tall buildings.
The storm of 1970 killed more than half a million people. It destroyed a lot of rice. The troubles did not end
after the storm. Those people who were still alive were left without food or clean water. Thousands died of
sickness or starved to death.
In 1970, East Pakistan was part of the country of Pakistan. The government was in West Pakistan, on the
other side of India. Very little was done to help people after the storm. Today, East Pakistan is a country itself. The
people hope they will get more help the next time the sea rises up.
51. What is the main idea of this text?
A. How to escape from a storm. B. Rice crops on an island.
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C. A storm in the Bay of Bengal. D. The government of Pakistan.
52. The islands in the Bay of Bengal have no ________.
A. animals B. rice crops
C. water supply D. hills
53. Land for growing rice is mostly _________.
A. in a city B. wet and flat
C. dry and full of hills D. near an island
54. Why couldn't the people hide from the storm?
A. The weather was too cold. B. There were no boats to use.
C. There were no high places. D. There were not enough food.
55. In the future, there will probably be __________.
A. more storms in the Bay of Bengal
B. no more storms in the Bay of Bengal
C. more hills and tall buildings on the islands
D. more rice crops to feed the people
【答案】51. C 52. D 53. B 54. C 55. A
重庆市万州龙驹中学 2018-2019 高二下学期期中考试英语试卷
第二节 阅读理解（共两节，共 20 小题；每小题 2 分，共 40 分）：
第一节，（共 15 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
21
Passenger Information
Carry-on Bag Rules
When travelling on China Southern planes, we ask our customers to follow our simple bag rules.
---Each passenger is allowed to bring one bag onto the plane.
---Weight limit: Each carry-on bag may weigh up to 10 kilos.
---Size limit: Each carry-on bag can be up to 110cm long, 60cm high and 30cm wide.
---Additional bags and oversized/overweight bags may be allowed on the plane if there is enough room.
There will be a fee for such bags (see the table below). Please note that if your bag breaks more than one rule then
you must pay a fee for each rule broken.
Safety Rules
For the safety of our passengers, the following items must not be taken onto the plane:
---Bottles containing gas (e.g. cigarette lighter)
---Bottles containing any cream, oil or other liquid that are over 100ml.
Note:
If you have any liquid medicines over 100ml that you must use during your flight, please contact our
customer service manager on 34533566 to make arrangements at least 24 hours before your departure. You will
need to have a doctor’s letter explaining why you need the medicine.
Bag Fees
Rule Fee
Overweight* Bags heavier than 10 kilos ￥100 per kilo over limit
Oversized** Bags larger than 110cmX60cmX30cm ￥250 per bag
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Extra bags ￥400 per extra bag
*No bag over 15 kilos will be allowed on the plane. **No bag over 150cm long or 80cm high may be taken
on the plane. Passengers must put such bags in the plane’s storage.
21.What is not allowed to be taken onto the plane by a passenger?
A.A bag that is 120cm long
B. A gas bottle
C.A 100ml bottle of cream
D. Medical equipment
22.When must a passenger speak with the manager about taking over 100ml of liquid medicine onto their flight?
A.After they get on the plane
B.Six hours before their flight
C.At least one day before their flight
D.When they arrive at the airport
23.How much will a passenger pay for a carry-on bag that is 110cmX50cmX25cm in size and weighs 13 kilos?
A.￥250 B.￥300 C.￥550 D.￥850
B
On a cold winter day, many years ago, a French art teacher named Pierre Chevalier got on a train in Lyon to
go to Paris. When he started his journey, he did not know that it was the beginning of almost 40years of accidents
and near death experiences.
During the journey, the train fell into an icy river, killing 12 passengers. Chevalier managed to swim back to
the river bank. He only had a broken leg.
Two years later, Chevalier was on a plane from Paris to Moscow when a door suddenly opened and he fell
out. A few minutes later, the plane crashed; 27 people were killed. Chevalier was so lucky that he landed in a
haystack(干草堆).
A few years later, he was hit by a bus, but again had no serious injuries. Then a year after that, he was
driving on a mountain road when he saw a truck coming straight at him. He drove the car off the road, jumped out,
landed in a tree--and watched his car fall 100 meters down the mountain.
"There are two ways you can look at it," Chevalier said, "I' m either the world' s unluckiest man, or the world'
23
s luckiest." When a reporter asked Chevalier what he thought, he chose the "luckiest" one.
Two years ago, aged 71, Chevalier bought his first lottery ticket(彩票) in 50 years and won more than 2
million. After this, a TV company in America said they wanted him to make an advertisement. At first he
accepted, but then he changed his mind. Chevalier said he would not fly to Los Angeles for the filming, because
he did not want to push his luck. Who knows? If he had accepted the invitation, maybe he would have had another
accident. But Mr. Chevalier is a lucky man. If he had had another accident, he probably would have survived that
too!
24. In the train accident many years ago, Chevalier ________.
A. didn't get injured at all B. was finally pulled out of the river
C. was the only passenger to survive D. was lucky enough to be alive
25. Why did Chevalier refuse to make the advertisement?
A. Because he had won f 2 million. B. Because he didn't want to risk his life.
C. Because he didn't want to leave home. D. Because he didn't like the TV company.
26. The text mainly talks about ________.
A. a man with nine lives B. the unluckiest man in the world
C. a man who traveled around the world D. a man who earned £2 million in a lottery
27.All the experiences the man had are true except ________.
A.a train accident B.an air crash C.shipwreck D.traffic accident
C
Conventional wisdom says that hardship can make us old before our time. In fact, a new study suggests that
violence not only leaves long-term scars on children's bodies, but also changes their DNA, causing changes that
equal to seven to ten years of premature aging (提前衰老).
“Scientists measured this by studying the ends of children' s chromosomes(染色体), called telomeres.” says
Idan Shalev, lead author of a study published in Molecular Psychiatry.
Telomeres are special DNA sequences (序列)which prevent the DNA in chromosomes from separating. They
get shorter each time a cell divides, until a cell cannot divide any more and dies.
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Several factors have been found to shorten telomeres including smoking, radiation (辐射) and psychological
stress, such as being treated badly when young, and taking care of someone who is permanently ill.
In the study, researchers examined whether exposure to(暴露于) violence could make children' s telomeres
shorten faster than normal. They interviewed the mothers of 236 children at the ages of 5, 7 and 10, asking
whether the children had been exposed to violence between the mother and her partner, having been treated badly
in a physical way by an adult, or bullying. Researchers measured the children's telomeres— in cells from their
cheeks—at the ages of 5 and 10.
Telomeres shortened more quickly in children exposed to two or more types of violence, says Shalev. Unless
such a pattern changes, the study suggests these children could be expected to develop diseases related to aging,
such as heart attacks or memory loss, seven to ten years earlier than children of the same age.
Shalev says there is hope for these children. His study found that in some cases, telomeres can lengthen.
“Better nutrition,exercise and stress reduction are three things that may be able to lengthen telomeres,” he says.
28. The new study found that ________.
A. hardship has a long-term effect on a child's mind
B. violence leaves scars on a child's mind
C. hardship can change a child's DNA
D. violence can speed up a child's aging
29. According to the passage, telomeres ________.
A. are at the ends of people's chromosomes B. can help prevent DNA from separating
C. can make a cell die quickly D. become shorter before they die
30. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Violence can cause quick cell division in children’s body.
B. Children at the ages of 5 to 10 are more likely to be exposed to violence.
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C. Being treated badly will make a child's telomeres shorten faster.
D. Children who have shorter telomeres may have a heart attack earlier.
31. What is the best title for the passage?
A. Violence Aging Children’s DNA. B. Children’s Changing DNA Patterns
C. Violence and Telomeres D. The Function of Telomeres
D
Scores on English tests are very important to students around the world. In order to make sure that they do
their best, both students and teachers should stay informed of how these tests are changing.
Clive Roberts, a director at ELS Educational Services, says the tests are changing greatly in response to the
global growth in the use of English as a common language among people with different native languages. He says,
" English is one of the keys now to international student mobility. So, for that reason, a lot of new tests are being
developed; old tests are being revamped to meet the needs of universities and employers worldwide."
Mr. Roberts says several parts of standardized tests have changed recently. Now, many tests are given on
computers. And, he says, tests measure all four skills of language learning: reading, listening, speaking and
writing. Computer testing will reduce the length of time required for testing, because the tests adjust to the
test-taker's ability. These computer adaptive tests also increase accuracy in scoring. Computer-adaptive tests
change depending on the test-taker's responses. They can beçome more or less difficult during the testing session.
For this reason, the set of correct answers will be different for each test-taker.
Another change to language testing relates to cultural sensitivity. Mr. Roberts says test development
companies are now hiring people with intercultural communication backgrounds. The companies want to make
sure the test does not upset test takers. Having negative feelings may affect a student's performance on the test.
The tests have also become more proficiency - oriented. The items are being designed in such a way that they
test real-world proficiency and not simply sort of an artificial environment or a specific set of skills that are taught
in a classroom. So a lot of authentic texts, and a lot of authentic listening passages are being used.
In addition, changes to the tests will encourage schools to teach their students to use English for everyday life
and study.
32. What does the writer intend to do in Paragraph 1?
A. Introduce the topic of the text.
B. Emphasize the importance of English test scores.
26
C. Talk about the changed tests.
D. Show his/her concern about language learning.
33. Which of the following may replace the underlined word" revamped" in Paragraph 2?
A. increased B. improved C. simplified D. saved
34. Which of the following is NOT a change of the English test?
A. Time-saving. B. Computer-assisted.
C. Inflexibility. D. Real-world proficiency.
35. People with intercultural communication backgrounds are employed ________.
A. to take the test themselves first
B. to evaluate the quality of the test
C. to ensure the test won't be culturally offensive
D. to tell the intercultural differences arising from the test
阅读理解：21-23 BCB 24-27 DBAC 28-31 DBDA 32-35 ABCC
2018-2019 学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 满分 40 分）
第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）
阅读下列 短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Through your childhood and, let’s be honest, most of your adult life, you may have wondered ⸺how do
you get to Sesame Street? After 50 years, the answer has finally been revealed.
New York City’s Official Sesame Street
In the past, there was guessing about the true location of the street, like Harlem or Alphabet City since both
neighborhoods resembled Sesame Street in appearance and population makeup. Recently, in honor of the
children’s television show’s 50th anniversary, New York City Mayor Bill de Blasio declared that West 63rd Street
between Central Park West and Broadway will now officially be known as Sesame Street, close to the Sesame
27
Workshop office.
A Year-long Celebration for the 50th Anniversary
Since 1969, the children’s television show Sesame Street has been a pioneering force in media and education,
dealing with issues like racism, loss, poverty and living with a disability. With a mission to help kids everywhere
grow smarter, stronger, and kinder, Sesame Street has brought the life-changing benefits of early learning to
children across the globe for 50 years. Today, we reach kids in 150 countries and 70 languages and we’re
celebrating our landmark anniversary with fans and families all year long!
Events and Activities Throughout 2019
Fans and families around the world can join their favorite furry friends in celebrating Sesame Street’s past,
present, and future, with:
A 50th television season which focuses on the power of possibilities, empowering kids to take safe risks and
learn from their mistakes.
A nationwide road trip where Sesame Street characters and friends host community events in ten cities
around the country.
A research report that will explore an important issue facing kids and families today.
Celebrity and fan-fueled social media campaigns showcasing favorite Sesame Street memories.
New corporations across fashion, lifestyle, and themed entertainment for fans of all ages.
A November star-studded prime-time special, whose contents include new takes on classic scenes and visits
from Sesame Street icons.
1. Where is the official Sesame Street?
A. In Harlem or Alphabet City. B. Around the corner of the West 63rd Street.
C. At the Sesame Workshop office. D. Between Central Park West and Broadway.
2. What benefits are children able to get from the television show?
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A. They can learn to solve all life problems in the childhood.
B. They will definitely become smarter, stronger and kinder.
C. They may get positive help meaning much to their later life.
D. They are likely to make friends with kids from 150 countries.
3. Which of the following is not an event or activity to celebrate the 50th anniversary?
A. A new season of the television show . B. A 10-city journey for lucky fans.
C. A special TV program in November. D. A report good for kids and families.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B
B
When Sir Ector saw Arthur pulled the sword out of the stone and then pushed it back, he rubbed his eyes. “I
can’t believe it!” he cried. Then he fell on his knees before Arthur. “Father, please do not kneel before me. Tell me
what you mean!” Arthur said with great confusion.
“Listen, then,” said Sir Ector. “Years ago the wise magician, Merlin, carried a baby in his arms. That baby
was you. Merlin told me to bring you up as my own son. Now I can guess. You must be the late king ⸺King
Uther’s son. Who else could have pulled out the sword? Arthur, we must let all England know you are qualified to
be the new king.”
“I would rather be your son than be a king!” cried Arthur.
“On Christmas the Bishop(主教) will give everyone a chance to pull the sword. You must take your turn and
show everyone that you are the only person who can pull the sword out.”
On Christmas Day the great crowd of knights(骑士) and lords gathered before the church. They pulled and
pushed, but no one could make the sword move.
Down the street came Merlin. Behind him came Sir Ector with Arthur. “Who are these men?” asked the
Bishop. “Here is one who will try the sword,” said Merlin. He laid his hand on Arthur’s shoulder. “Here, lords of
England, is the true son of King Uther!” Arthur stepped upon the stone and laid his hand on the sword. Smoothly
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and easily he pulled it out. He held it high so all could see.
So Arthur became King of all England. Some of the lords did not want him, and he had to fight them. As the
years went by, he became stronger and greater. Knights came from all lands to be in his court. At Camelot Arthur
started the famous Knights of the Round Table. These were the greatest of all the knights. They made their names
famous for all time.
4. Sir Ector fell on his knees before Arthur because ______.
A. Sir Ector wanted to ask for forgiveness from the new king
B. Merlin told Sir Ector to respect Arthur as if he were the King
C. Arthur pulled the sword out and Sir Ector knew who he was
D. Arthur was so powerful that Sir Ector admired him very much
5. Arthur found it ______ when Sir Ector said he was qualified to be the new king.
A. believable B. unacceptable
C. enjoyable D. unchangeable
6. What did Arthur do as King of all England according to the passage?
A. Fighting the foreign countries. B. Making the famous table.
C. Developing the national economy. D. Gathering the greatest knights.
7. What is the best title for the passage?
A. Arthur Becomes King B. Arthur Trains Knights
C. Arthur Defeats Enemies D. Arthur Loves Swords
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. A
C
In recent years more and more Chinese schoolchildren are required to wear uniforms at school. Do American
30
children wear school uniforms? In fact, American schoolchildren often wear uniforms if they attend religious or
other private schools. Most public schools do not require uniforms. But over the last ten years or so, more of them
have moved in that direction, including high schools. Another option is that students may just have to dress
alike — for example, white shirts and dark colored pants or skirts. Even schools that do not require uniforms
generally have a dress rule about what they consider acceptable. Schools commonly forbid clothing that shows
images or words causing displeasure, or simply too much skin. Hats may be forbidden because, for example,
different colors may be connected with bad guys.
Some parents like the idea of uniforms. Some say it means they do not have to spend much on clothing for
their kids. Others, though, argue that uniforms represent an unnecessary cost.
There are also debates about whether uniforms or other dress rules go against civil rights. Students and
parents have taken legal action against school dress requirements. Several years ago, a middle school was asked to
stop its dress rule unless families had a way out of it. The American Civil Liberties Union of Northern California
brought the case for the families of several students who had been punished by the school. Most attention centered
on a girl who wore socks with the Tigger character from Winnie the Pooh. The school said its clothing policy,
including no pictures of any kind, was needed to control a growing problem with gangs. The families argued that
the policy went against free speech rights as protected by the United States and California constitutions.
The United States Supreme Court says student expression is protected as long as it does not harm the work
and the rule of a school. But some educators believe dressing alike helps improve student learning. They believe
that uniforms help create a sense of unity and reduce the risk of fights. They also say uniforms make it easier for
security reasons to tell if someone belongs to the school or not.
8. According to the passage there is a trend in the USA that ______.
A. most public schools do not require uniforms
B. most public schools move in the direction of requiring uniforms at church
C. most schools require the students to be dressed in white shirts and dark colored pants
D. more and more schools have a dress rule about what are suitable for schoolchildren
31
9. Which of the following is NOT a reaction mentioned to the dress rule?
A. Some parents like the rule which means they could spend less on clothing for the kids.
B. Some parents think the rule has nothing to do with them.
C. Some parents say that uniforms are an extra cost for them.
D. Some others argue that uniforms or other dress rules go against civil rights.
10. What is the girl’s problem?
A. She brought her pet called Tigger to school.
B. She put Tigger into her socks in class.
C. She wore socks with pictures.
D. She had a problem with some gangs.
11. School dress requirements can benefit schools and students except to help ______.
A. the court protect student expression
B. students focus on their studies
C. make a united effort to avoid fights
D. strengthen campus security
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. A
D
When one tried to unify gravity with quantum mechanics(量子力学), one had to introduce the idea of
‘imaginary’ time. If one can go forward in imaginary time, one ought to be able to turn round and go backward.
This means that there can be no important difference between the forward and backward directions of imaginary
time. Yet there is a big difference between the forward and backward directions of ‘real time’ in ordinary life.
Imagine a cup of water falling off a table and breaking into pieces on the floor. If you take a film of this, you can
32
easily tell whether it is being run forward or backward. You can tell that the film is being run backward because
this kind of behavior is never observed in ordinary life.
The explanation that is usually given as to why we don’t see broken cups gathering themselves together off
the floor and jumping back onto the table is that it is forbidden by the second law of thermodynamics(热力学).
This says that in any closed system disorder, or entropy(熵), always increases with time. In other words, it is a
form of Murphy’s law: things always tend to go wrong! An intact cup on the table is a state of high order, but a
broken cup on the floor is a disordered state. One can go readily from the cup on the table in the past to the broken
cup on the floor in the future, but not the other way round.
The increase of disorder or entropy with time is one example of what is called an arrow of time, something
that tells the past from the future, giving a direction to time. There are at least three different arrows of time. First,
there is the thermodynamic arrow of time, the direction of time in which disorder or entropy increases. Then, there
is the psychological arrow of time. This is the direction in which we feel time passes, the direction in which we
remember the past but not the future. Finally, there is the cosmological arrow of time. This is the direction of time
in which the universe is expanding rather than contracting.
12. How does ‘imaginary time’ differ from ‘real time’ according to the passage?
A. Imaginary time is more important than real time in science.
B. Directions mean less to imaginary time than to real time.
C. One can go backward in real time but can’t in imaginary time.
D. It is harder to tell directions of real time than of imaginary time
13. What’s the purpose of writing about a cup of water falling off a table?
A. To define the forward and backward directions of real time.
B. To tell the backward direction from the forward direction of real time.
C. To show real time is more scientific than imaginary time in ordinary life.
D. To prove there’s a big difference between the directions of real time.
14. Why don’t we see broken cups gathering themselves together off the floor and jumping back onto the table?
A. It doesn’t agree with the second law of thermodynamics.
33
B. Things will quickly go wrong for entropy increases with time.
C. There is an interchange between a state of high order and a disordered state
D. All above.
15. The underlined word in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to ______.
A. universal B. physical
C. technological D. geographical
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. A 15. A
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