Unit 1 Vocabularies learning sheet(Book 5)
Unit 1 Vocabularies learning sheet(Book 6)
1. aim
1) F:n. M:purpose; goal;ending U:achieve/reach one’s aim; one’s aim be to do sth
2) F:vt.&vi. M: to point or direct towards sth U:aim (for) sth
3) F:vi. M:try to achieve sth U:sb aim high (某人志存高远）；aim to do sth; sth be aimed at
(doing) sth;sb aim at doing sth
4) F:vt. M:direct sth (comment etc) towards sb U:aim sth at sb; sth be aimed at sb
Eg. A programme aimed at teenagers
FW:aimless (adj.)
完成句子
①希望工程目的是帮助贫困地区修建学校。
The Hope Project____ ____ ____ helping build schools in the poor areas.
②他努力学习旨在能通过考试。
He studied hard, ____ _____ pass the exam.
③This anti-smoking campaign mainly____ ____ ____ (针对)young teenagers.
④The hunter____ _____ 瞄准）the lion and fired.
⑤He_____ _____ _____ at last (达到目的).
答案：①is aimed at②aiming to ③is aimed at④aimed at⑤achieved his aim
单项填空
⑥—Would you like to go to the party tonight?
—I’d like to,but I must go over my lessons,_____tomorrow’s exam.
A. aiming to pass B. meaning passing
C. intended to passing D. pointing at passing
A
翻译以下句子
1) 这个节目是这对青少年的节目
______________________________________________________________________________
2)这些活动旨在提高学生的听说能力
______________________________________________________________________________
2. Focus
1) F:n. M: the main or central point U:main one’s focus on sth; v.+in focus; v.+out of focus
2) F:vt.&vi. M:concentrate U:focus (sth) on/upon sth=concentrate (sth) on sth
FW:focused (adj.)
翻译句子
1)我们将继续关注客户的需求。
______________________________________________________________________________
2)现在我们应该在学习成绩方面付诸努力。
______________________________________________________________________________
3) 他的眼光集中到那个女孩身上。
______________________________________________________________________________
3. Possess
1) F:vt. M:to have or own th U:possess sth
FW:possession (n.) U:sb come into possession of sth;
4. Possession
F:n. M:belongings U:v.+in the possession of sth; v.+in possession of sth;take possession of sth
Eg. The picture is in the possession of Tom=Tom is in possession of the picture.=Tom takes
possession of the picture.
即学即练】完成句子
①我们直到签订了所有的文件，才拥有了这座房子。
We can’t ____ _____ ____the house until all the papers have been signed.
②那幢房子归我所有。
The house is_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ .
答案：①take possession of②in the possession of me
翻译句子
1) 那张珍贵的邮票为一位不知名的收藏家占有。
______________________________________________________________________________
2) 父亲去世后， 她继承了一大笔财产。
______________________________________________________________________________
5. Convince
1)F:vt. M:to make sb/yourself believe that sth is true.
U:convince sb.of sth.; convince sb.that...使某人相信……
2)F:vt. M:persuade U:convince sb to do sth
FW:convinced (adj.)确信的；坚信的;convincing(adj.)有说服力的
Sam nodded but he didn’t look __________ (convince) convinced
I am ______________ (convince) her of innocence. convinced
1) 我确信自己是对的
______________________________________________________________________________
6. Attempt
1) F:n. M:try;endeavor U:v.+in an attempt to do sth; make an attempt to do sth; make no
attempt to do sth (反)
2) F:vt. M:try;endeavor U:attempt to do sth
FW:attempted (adj.)(只定)企图的； 未遂的 U:attempted murder/robbery
完成句子
①他试图打破世界纪录。
He _____ _____ _____ to break the world record.
②他企图越狱，但没人能帮他。
He _____ to escape from the prison, but he couldn’t find anybody to help him.
③他第一次尝试就通过了驾车考试。
He passed the driving test _____ _____ _____ _____ .
答案：①made an attempt ②attempted ③at his first attempt
单项填空
④—I don’t think I can achieve my aim.
—In my opinion, you shouldn’t such a task.
A. attempt B. have attempted
C.manage D. have managed
B
1）为改善环境，这个城镇禁用塑料袋。
______________________________________________________________________________
7. adopt
1) F:vt.&vi. M:raise U:adopt sb/sth(animals)
2) F:vt. M:to take and use sth U:adopt sth (suggestion/measures/view/opinion)
FW:adopted (adj.)
1) 政府应该采取有效的措施保护环境
______________________________________________________________________________
8. Specific
1) F:adj. M:particular U:sth be specific to sp; in specific area.
2) F:adj. M: precise;detailed and exact U:a specific answer/goal
FW：specifically (adv.)
除特定区域外， 我们禁止吸烟。
______________________________________________________________________________
椰子是海南特有的。
______________________________________________________________________________
9. Typical
1) F:adj. M:representative U: a typical example; it is typical of sb to do sth
只有 John 才能想到以这种方式去帮助别人.
______________________________________________________________________________
10. Predict
1) F:vt. M:guess;foresee U:predict that/wh-clause; It is predicted that clause
FW:predictable (adj.);prediction (n.)
11. Prefer (preferred; preferred;不用于进行时)
F:Vt. M:like...better U:prefer sth; prefer sb to do sth; prefer to do sth; prefer doing sth; prefer
(doing) sth to (doing) sth; prefer to do sth rather than do sth;prefer that clause(虚拟语气)
FW:preferred (adj.)首选的;有优先权的；preference (n.)喜爱；偏好:show preference for sth/sb;in
order of preference 按优先顺序
翻译句子
1）比起看电视，我还是喜欢读书。
I would prefer reading books to watching television.
2）他们更愿意拿这笔钱来建学校和医院。
They preferred that the money (should) be used for building schools and hospitals.
12. Appeal
1. F:n. M:an urgent request U:make/launch an appeal (to sb) for sth; make/launch an appeal to
sb to do sth
2. F:n. M:a quality of being attractive U:sb/sth have/hold wide/popular appeal for sb
3. F:n. M:a formal request to a court U: on appeal
4. F:vi M:attract;absorb U:appeal to sb
5. F:vi.&vt. M:make a formal request to a court U:sb appeal
FW:appealing (adj.)有吸引力的(charming)；恳求的(定、表)
翻译句子
1）这个组织呼吁公众筹集 15 万英镑以拯救这个生病的孩子
The organization has launched an appeal to the public to raise 150,000 pounds for the sick kid.
2）体育运动已经成为一种重要的活动，吸引着男男女女
Sports has become an important activity, appealing to both men and women.
13. a great deal
Eg.I've accomplished a great deal in the last few months.
U:v.+a great deal; a great/good deal of n. (UC)(单谓)
完成句子
1)他非常喜欢游泳。
He likes to swim___________. a great deal
2) 大量的工作等着我们去做。
_____________________________________________________________work awaits us to do.
A great deal of/A quantity of/A large amount of/Plenty of/Lots of/A lot of
14. on (the) one hand...on the other (hand)
On (the) one hand I valued his friendship, but on then other (hand) I disliked his self-pride and
selfishness.
U：On the one hand, 句子，and/but on the other hand, 句子.
完成句子
一方面我是你的老师，另一方面我也是你的朋友。
_______________, I am your teacher, and_________________,I am also your friend.
On (the) one hand;on the other (hand)
15. in the flesh
Fans gathered to see their heroes in the flesh
U:v.+in the flesh
完成句子
他的粉丝们担心看不到他本人。
His fans are worried that they will not see him___________. in the flesh
16. By coincidence
17. U:v.+by coincidence;By coincidence, 句子
By coincidence/accident=accidentally
巧合地是，他们一同到达了这里。
_____________, they arrived here at the same time. By coincidence
句型
1. Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great
masterpieces for which this period is famous.
这里 without 引导的介词短语是一个暗含的非真实条件，主句用虚拟语气。
1)与现在事实相反：Without air,man couldn't exist on the earth.
谓语动词：would/could/might (not) do sth.
2)与过去事实相反：Without your help,I would have failed the exam last week.
谓语动词：would/could/might (not) have done sth.
3)与将来事实相反：Without your ticket,I wouldn't be able to go to the concert tomorrow.
谓语动词：would/could/might (not) do sth.
根据中文提示，完成下列句子
(1)如果没有这项政策，并不是所有的孩子都能够上学接受家长无法支付的教育。
_______the policy, not all the children______________ go to school to receive the education for
which their parents were not able to pay.
(2)没有她的及时帮助，我们就不会完成我们负责的项目。
_______ her timely help, we _____________________ the project for which we were
responsible.
Without ; would be able to; without;would not have finished
翻译以下句子
如果没有努力学习，我这次不会取得这么大的进步。
Without hard work, I would not have made great progress.
2. Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting
were the Impressionists, who lived and worked in Pairs.
构：among(介词)位于句首的倒装句＋which/who 引导的非限制性定语从句
根据中文提示，完成下列句子
(1)在所有最具有吸引力的城市中有湛江，它是最近被正式宣布为中国十大休闲城市之一。
_________________that are the most attractive is Zhanjiang,______ was recently officially
declared one of the Top Ten Casual Cities in China.
(2)在所有获得奖学金的学生中有杰克，他来自贫困家庭，现在正在做兼职来维持自己的生
活。
___________________who received the scholarships is Jack,_____ is from a poor family and
now is doing a part-time job to support himself.
3. What would you rather do—paint pictures, make sculptures,or design buildings?
Would rather do sth
(1)would rather do sth.than do sth.else 宁愿做某事也不做另一事。
(2)would rather sb.did sth.宁愿某人做某事（从句用虚拟语气）。
(3)would rather sb.had done sth.但愿（希望）某人已做了某事（从句用过去完成时，表示过
去的假设，用虚拟语气）。
4. On the one hand,some modern art is abstract;that is,the painter does not attempt to
paint objects as we see them with our eyes...
that is=that is to say,namely 意为：______________；常作 语。
4. Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones, starting from the sixth
century.
1) Consequently/Therefore/Thus,句子
翻译句子
1)这次考试她失败了。因此，她现在要集中精力努力学习。
She failed the exam this time. Consequently, she wants to focus all her attention on study.
2) 本次运动会将在星期五举行，将持续 3 天。
This sports meeting will be held on Friday, lasting 3 days.
3) 现在分词作定语
5. A conventional artist of this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they
really were.
6. It is evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di
Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way.
It is obvious/evident that...
翻译句子：
很明显她在说谎
It is evident that she is telling the truth.
7. New ideas and values gradually replaced those held in the Middle Ages.
8. 那些被采访的人对环境污染这一问题的看法都不一样
The opinions of those interviewed vary from person to person.
9. One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in
perspective
翻译句子
目前最重要的事情之一是学会解决问题
One of the most important things is to learn to how to solve the problems.
10. Their paintings were not as detailed as those of earlier painters
翻译句子
对我而言，中世纪的画没有和文化复兴的话的画一样有吸引力。
As far as I am concerned, the paintings in the Middle Ages are not as appealing as those in the
Renaissance.
11. The painter does not attempt to paint objects as we see them with our eyes, but instead
concentrates on certain qualities of the object.
翻译句子
他没有去学校，而是和朋友去看电影。
He didn’t attend the school, but instead watched a movie with his friends.
12. When you walk into the gallery, you feel as if you were inside a fragile,white seashell.
翻译句子
她现在觉得很自由，感觉自己就像一只小鸟。
She feels she is very free now as if she were a bird.
13. The reputation of this museum lies in the variety of its art collection.
lie in=consist in
翻译句子
这次考试失败的原因在于懒惰
The reason for failing the exam lies in laziness.
14. This covers more than 5,000 years of civilization from many parts of the world, including
America, Europe, and South America.
翻译句子
我每天都要上好多课，包括语文，数学，英语和音乐。
I attend many lessons every day, including Chinese, math, English and music.
The learning sheet of Unit 2 Vocabulary （Book 6）
Chelsea Chen
1. Convey
1) F:vt. M:transport U:convey sth(passengers/goods etc.)
2) F:vt. M:express;communicate U:convey sth(messages/wishes/apologies) (to) sb; convey
that/wh-clause
即学即用
(1)请向你母亲转达我美好的祝愿。
Please to your mother. convey my good wishes
2)他在信中表达了他很乐意帮助我。
________________________________________________________________.
He conveyed that he was wiling to assisting me in the letter.
2. Concrete
F:adj. M:definite and specific U:concrete sth (explanation etc.)(只定)
FW:abstract (反)
3. Flexible
1) F:adj. M：able to bend easily U:a flexible substance;be flexible
2) F:adj. M:adaptable U:flexible working hours/schedule; a flexible approach
FW:Inflexible(反;adj.);flexibility (n.)
我们的计划必须能够变通，以满足每个人的需要。
_____________________________________________________________________
Our plan needs to be flexible enough to cater for the needs of everyone.
4. Eventually
F:adv. M:finally; at last; in the end U:v.+eventually; S+eventually
FW:eventual (adj.)
最终，他在比赛中获得第一名
_____________________________________________________________________
Eventually, he won the first place in the competition.
5. Await
F:vt. M:wait for U:await sth; await sb to do sth
6.Transform
F:vt. M:completely change U:transform sth into sth FW:transformation (n.)
完成句子
这个国家只用了 20 年就变成了一个先进的工业强国。
In only 20 years the country _______________________ an advanced industrial power.
has been transformed into
7.Appropriate
F:adj. M:proper;suitable U:be appropriate for/to sth;an appropriate time/place
It is appropriate that clause (虚拟语气);It is appropriate for sb to do sth
翻译：
对于学生来说，到处乱丢垃圾，是不合适的。
It is not appropriate that a student should litter everywhere.
8. Exchange
1)F:n. U:an exchange student; an exchange of ideas and information;v.+in exchange for sth
;foreign exchange; an exchange rate
2)F:vt M:swap U:exchange sth (views;ideas);exchange sth with sb;
3)F:vt. M:change U:exchange A for B(用 A 换 B)
翻译
1. 我们必须促进不同国家间的思想和文化交流。
We must promote an exchange of ideas and culture between various countries.
9. Sponsor
1) F:n. M:a person or company that pays for a show
2) F:vt. M:support sth with money U:sponsor sth (activities, show, programme etc)
Phrase
1. take it easy
F:VP M:be calm or don’t worry U:（sb）take it easy
=take things easy; take sth seriously
在美国口语中，常作为道别时的招呼用语，意思是“再
见，保重”，注意其中 easy 不可写成 easily。
补充：take one’s time 别着急，慢慢来;take...for granted 认为……理所当然
练习
1.我们应认真对待每次测验。
We should .take every test seriously
2.别紧张。我们有足够的时间。
.We have enough time. Take things easy
2. run out of
F:VP M:sb use up U:sb run out of sth; sth(time,money,food etx) run out; sth(strength; energy)
give out
①Her money has been run out of and her patience is also running out.
(同义句转换)Her money has been _____ ______and her patience is also running out.
②With his food ______ _________，the man had to come out of his hiding－place.
由于食物吃完了，那人才不得不从藏身处出来。
③His strength _____ ________ after he ran that long distance.
跑完这么长一段距离，他已精疲力竭。
used up;running out; gave out
3. be made up of
F:VP: M:consist of U:n.(总)+be made up of+n(分);n.(分)+make up +n.（总）
=(总)+be composed of+n(分);(总)+consist of+n(分)
女孩构成学生人数的 60%。
_____________________________________________________________________
Girls make up 60% of the student number.
60%的学生人数是女生。
_____________________________________________________________________
60% of the student number is made up of girls.
4. in particular
M:especially; particularly U:v.+in particular
5. try out
F:VP M:try U:try out sth (way; method etc)
①She enjoys ________________ ( 尝试) new ways of doing usual things.
trying out
6. let out
1) F:VP M:allow sth to flow out U:let out sth (water, air etc)
2) F:VP M:make that sound U:let out sth (cry;scream etc.)
补充：1)与 out 相关的短语:put out 熄灭;give out 分发;carry out 执行，进行;die out 灭
绝；消失;leave out 省略，忽略
运用 用上面所提供的短语的适当形式填空
①Would you ________________ the dog, please? let out
②He hasn't the funds to ________________ his design carry out
③________________ the exam papers to the candidates,please. Give out
Sentence
1. Some rhyme (like B) while others do not (like C).
While 表示对比，意思是“ ”。
翻译：
1）她很勤奋，而他很懒。
She is very diligent,while he is lazy.
补充：
2)Please be quiet _____ I’m talking to you.在我跟你说话的时候，请安静。
3) _____ I understand what you say,I can’t agree with you.
虽然你说的我懂，可是我还是不能同意。
2）表示时间，意思是“ 同时；当...时 ”。
3）（3）表示让步，意思是“ 虽然，尽管 ”。
2. There are various reasons why people write poetry.
分析：why 引导定语从句修饰先行词 reasons。
例句仿写：他起床晚的原因是他昨晚睡得太晚了。
_______________ he got up late ___________ he stayed up last night.
The reason why;was that
翻译：
我们不信任他的原因是因为他时常说谎。
The reason why we don’t trust him is that he often lies.
3. Should the traveller return，this stone would utter speech.行人归来石应语。
分析：省略 if 的倒装句式。
例句仿写：要是明天下雨，我们会取消足球赛。
_______________________，we would cancel the football match.
Should it rain tomorrow
4．With so many different forms of poetry to choose from，students may eventually want
to write poems of their own.
分析：“With...to choose from”属于“with＋宾语+to do ”结构作原因状语
例句仿写：有那么多问题要解决，我不能与你外出看电影。
With so many problems ________，I can’t go out to see a film with you.
To settle
补充：
with 的复合结构有如下形式
(1)with＋宾语＋doing (doing 表主动或正在进行)
(2)with＋宾语＋adj. (adj. 表状态)
(3)with＋宾语＋adv. (adv. 表状态)
(4)with＋宾语＋done (done 表完成或被动)
(5)with＋宾语＋介词短语
(6)with＋宾语＋to do (to do 表将来，有时用主动形式表示被动意义)
4. Do you think the speaker in the poem is more likely to be a girlfriend/boyfriend or a
parent?
分析：be more likely to do sth;
例句仿写： 当那些年轻人确实要搬出去时，他们更有可能租车而不是买车。
When the young people do move out，they ________________ rent a car than buy one.
are more likely to
5. These little poems and songs might have been some of the first poetry you learned.
Might have done 表示对过去的猜测，意为“或许做了某事
6. They are easy to learn and recite.
分析：sb+be adj.+to do 结构，用主动形式表被动意义
翻译：这个人很难相处
The man is very hard to get along with.
这篇文章很容易理解
The essay is easy to understand.
7. And said though strange they all were true.
省略：And said though (they were) strange they all were true.
翻译：
虽然被邀请，我没有去参加派对。
Although invited, I didn’t attend the party.
8. It is easy to write and, like the cinquain,can give a clear picture and create a special
feeling using the minimum of words.
现在分词作方式状语
翻译
他用许多优美的句子来润色他的文章。
He polished his article adopting various beautiful sentences.
The learning sheet of Unit 3 vocabulary （book 6）
1. Abuse
1) F:vt. M:treat sb violently or cruelly U:abuse sb
2) F:vt. M: do or use sth in a wrong way U:abuse sth(alcohol/one’s power etc.)
3) F:n. U:drug abuse
翻译：
根据最新的法律，家长不允许虐待儿童。
According to the latest law, parents are not allowed to abuse their children.
2. Fit
1) F:vt.&vi. M:match;suit U:fit sth/sb (不用于进行时)
2) F:vt. M:equip U:sth be fitted with sth; fit sth on sth
3) F:vt. M:agree with U:fit sth (facts etc.);
Eg.We always fit our deeds to our words.
补充:fit sb in 抽空见某人;fit in/into sth 抽空做某事；sb fit in=sb adjust oneself
to...;fit in (with)...
4) F:adj. M:qualified/competent U: (be) fit to do sth; (be) for it; the principle of
“survival of the fittest”
5) F:adj. M:healthy U:keep/stay fit
FW:unfit (adj.反); fitness (n.):a fitness center
翻译
1.Only in this way can you keep healthy/fit.
只有这样你才可以保持身体健康。
2.They are faced with fitness problems physically and mentally.
3. stress
1)F:n. M:pressure U:relieve/reduce stress; (be) under stress
2)F:n. M:The emphasis placed on the sound U:primary/ secondary stress
3) F:n. M:emphasis U:lay stress on/upon sth
4) F:vt. M:emphasize U:stress the importance of sth
FW:stressed (adj.):只表；stressful (adj.):表、定
翻译：
因为期末考试的即将到来，大多数学生都感觉压力大。
Because the final exam is coming，most students are under a lot of stress.
越来越多的学校都重视外语教育。
An increasing number of the schools lay stress on/upon /stress the importance of/highlight
foreign language education.
4.Ban
1)F:vt. M:prohibit;forbid U:ban sth; ban sb from doing sth=forbid sb to do sth=prohibit sb
doing sth
2)F:n. M:prohibition U:ban on sth
我们这儿已禁止抽烟，请你遵守。(ban)
We have put a ban on smoking，so please follow it.
After the accident, he ________(ban) from driving alone. was banned.
5.tough
1)F:adj. M:strong and determined U:be tough;tough sb
2)F:adj. M:strict U:be tough on/with sb
3)F:adj. M:difficult;hard U:tough sth (life,job,decision etc.)(只定)
FW:toughen (v.):make sth difficult or strong;toughly (adv.);toughness (n.)
翻译
知识的缺乏使得他的工作举步维艰
Lack of knowledge toughen his job.
6. Addicted
1) F:adj. M:unable to stop doing sth U:(be) addicted to (doing) sth
FW:addiction (n.):drug/alcohol/Internet addiction;overcome one’s addiction to sth
adict (n.):a drug adict;a TV/video game/football addict 电视迷；电子游戏迷；足球迷；a
work addict 工作狂
Many kids are now addicted to computer games.
现在许多孩子沉迷于电脑游戏。
①Addicted to playing computer games，the little boy has lost interest in his lessons.
迷恋于玩电脑游戏，这个小男孩对功课失去了兴趣。
②Teenagers who ________________the Internet are more likely to suffer from
depression.are addicted to
有网瘾的青少年更有可能患忧郁症。
③Her son addicted himself to smoking，which had a bad effect on his health.
她的儿子吸烟上瘾，这对他的健康有很坏的影响。
7. Accustomed
F:adj. U:sb be/get accustomed to (doing) sth=be/get used to doing sth;accustom oneself
to sth
他很快适应了这种新的生活方式。
He quickly became accustomed to the new way of life.
＝He quickly accustomed ___________to the new way of life.
8. Withdraw (withdrew;withdrawn)
1) F:vt. M:take money out of the bank U:withdraw sth (money) from sth(bank account)
2) F:vt.&vi. M:stop or change one’s mind U:withdraw one’s statement; withdraw from
college/school=drop out
FW:withdrawal (n.)
9. Automatic
F:adj. M:without needing someone to operate U:automatic driving
FW:automatically (adv.);automobile=car
10. Mental
F:adj. M:relating to one’s mind U:mental health;mental labour
FW:mentally (adv.);physical (adj.反);physically healthy;mentally healthy
身体和心理健康都很重要
Physical an mental health both count a lot.
11. Quit (quitted,quitted)
F:vt. M:stop U:quit sth (a job/school);quit doing sth
12. Effect
1) F:n. M:influence or result/impact U:greenhouse effect;side effect;harmful
effect;have/exert a great/profound/remarkable/positive/major effect on sth;bring/put sth
into effect=carry out sth;(be)in effect 有效；in effect=actually=in fact=factually;take
effect=come into effect
FW:effective (adj.);affect (vt.)
活用——用 effect 的相关词语完成下列小片段
The new regulation will (1)________________ on January 1，2014，which will
(2)________________ traffic.People think it is an (3)___________ way to stop drunk
driving.come into effect;have an effect on;effective
翻译
老师所说的话对这个孩子产生了重要影响
What the teacher said had a significant impact/effect this child.
13. Breath
1) F:n. M:take a deep breath;catch one’s breath 歇一口气;hold one’s breath; (be) out of
breath
FW:breathe(vi.):breathe in; breathe out; breathing (n.)breathless (adj.):be breathless
14. Strength
1) F:n. M:the quality of being physically strong; U:physical stength; build up one’s
strength;
2) F:n. M:will U:inner strength; strength of will
3) F:n. M:power or influence U:economic strength
4) F:n. M:advantages;merits U:strengths and weaknesses;
FW:strengthen(vt. ):make sth stronger U:strengthen sth (tie etc.) FW:weaken (vt.)
short-shorten;large=enlarge;
补充:demerit-merit;advantage-disadvantage; weakness-strenth;shortcoming
翻译：
玩手机的缺点胜过优点
The weaknesses of playing phone outweigh its strengths.
15. Resolve
1) F:vt. M:settle;solve U:resolve sth (a conflict;an issue;difficulties)
2) F:vi. M:determine or decide U:resolve to do sth
FW:resolution (n.)=settlement/solution:New Year’s resolutions
翻译
现在最重要的事情是解决问题
What matters most now is to resolve the problem.
16. Relax
F:vt. M:relieve U:relax oneself
FW:relaxation (n.);relaxed (adj.);relaxing (adj.)
17. Desperate
1) F:adj. M:hopeless U:be/feel desperate
2)F:adj. M:tried when everything else has failed U:a desperate attempt 孤注一掷
3)F：adj. M:extremely eager/desire U:be desperate for sth=starve/long for sth=be eager
for sth
FW:desperation (n.)
翻译
他们很绝望，极需钱.
They felt desperate, and was desperate for money.
18. Disappoint
F:vt. M:let sb down U:disappoint sb; disappoint one’s expectations
FW:disappointing (adj.);disappointed(adj.);disappointment (n.):to one’s disappointment
Disappointed
F:adj. M:feel hopeless U:(be) disappointed at/about/with sth;(be) disappointed with/in
sb;(be) deeply/terribly disappointed to do sth; be disappointed that clause
翻译：
父母对他在校的表现很失望
His parents were disappointed at/about/with his performance in the school
用适当形式填空
To his ____(disappoint); he should tell a lie to his parents.
19. Ashamed
F:adj. M:guilty U:be/feel ashamed(只表): U:(be) ashamed of sb/sth;(be) ashamed to do
sth;(be) ashamed that clause
FW:shameful(adj.)(表、定);shameless (反,adj.),shame (n.)
我为考试作弊感到可耻。
I feel ashamed to cheat in the exam.
Didn’t you feel(1)____________(shame) for yourself when you did the
(2)_________(ashamed) thing! What a (3) ________(shameful) that you should be such
a cruel man!
20. Legal
F:adj. M:lawful U:legal sth; a legal holiday (a bank holiday) FW:illegal (adj.反)
21. Survive
1) F:vt.&vi. M:continue to live or exist U:sb survive (sth)(natural disaster etc.)
2) F:vi. U:survive on sth (money;salary etc.)
3) F:vt. M:live longer than sb U:sb survive sb by +time
FW:survival(n.);survivor(n.)
22. Judge
1) F:n. M:a person in charge of a trial in a court
2) F:vi.&vt. M:form an opinion U:Judging from/by sth, 句子
3) F：vt. M:estimate U:judge sth
4) F:v. M:to decide on whether sb is good or bad U:judge sb;judge sth(English
speech/competition etc.)
5) FW:judgement (n.):make a judgement on/about sth;in one’s judgement.
23. Embarrass
1) F:vt. M:to cause sb too feel uncomfortable U:embarrass sb
FW:embarrassed (adj.):feel embarrassed about sth;an embarrassed smile
Embarrassing (adj.):an embarrassing sth(situation,question etc.)
Embarrassment(n.):with embarrassment; to one’s embarrassment
24. Phrase
1. due to
F:prep. M:because of sth;owing to sth U:(be)due to sth
翻译
我感觉开心是因为我健康
I feel pleased/glad/delighted due to my health
我想我之所以长寿而且精力充沛,要归功于我的健康生活。
I think my long and active life must be due to the healthy life I live.
__________our joint efforts，the task was finished ahead of time.Due to/Owing to
由于我们的共同努力，任务提前完成了。
2. decide on/upon
F:VP U:decide on sth(date etc.)
Don’t decide on important matters too quickly.
不要过于匆忙地对重要的事情作决定。
3. feel like doing sth
F:VP M:enjoy/want/would like to do sth U:feel like sth:感觉像.../想要...;feel like doing
sth=would like to do sth=enjoy doing sth
Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette，remind yourself that you are a non-smoker.
每次你想吸烟的时候，要提醒自己你是一个不抽烟的人。
4. In spite of
FW:prep P M:despite U:in spite of +n.=despite+n.=although+从句
翻译
Despite/In spite of the traffic jam he arrived here on time.
尽管交通堵塞，他还是准时到达这里。
(单项填空)
________doing more exercise to lose weight，
many teenagers would rather be a couch potato. A
A．Instead of B．As a result of
C．In spite of D．Regardless of
5.Take risks/take a risk
F:VP M:take a chance/take chances U:sb take a risk;sb take the risk of doing sth
补充：risk doing sth;risk one’s life to do sth. 冒着生命危险做某事
At risk
F:Prep P U:v.+at risk;at the risk of doing sth. 冒着……的危险
他对面试作了充分的准备，因为他不想冒失去这一次好机会的风险。
He got well-prepared for the job interview，for he couldn’t risk losing the good opportunity
6.Get into
F：VP U：get into sth(problems/trouble/habit/debt etc.)
Don’t let yourself get into the bad habits.
不要让自己染上恶习
He got himself into the habit of taking drugs out of curiosity.
由于好奇，他染上了吸毒的习惯
Sentences
1.I knew it was time to quit smoking.
It is (high/about) time (for sb) to do sth
补充：It’ time (that) sb did sth/should do sth;It’ high time (that) sb did sth/should do sth;
It’ about time (that) sb did sth/should do sth;
It/This/That is the 序数词/last +time/place that sb have/has done sth;
It/This/That was the 序数词/last +time/place that sb had done sth
完成句子
①你早该去睡觉了，你今晚看上去太疲劳了。
It’s high/about time that you ________________，for you look so tired tonight.
went to bed/should go to bed
②这是这些外国客人第一次参观鸟巢。
It’s the first time that the foreign guests ________________ the Bird’s Nest.
have visited
2.Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette， remind yourself that you are a non－
smoker.
every time 在这里相当于连词，连接了两个分句, each time，the first/last time，the
moment/instant/minute，the day 等表示时间的名词也可以引导两个句子，相当于一个从属
连词的作用; 此外 immediately，instantly，directly 等副词也可以引导时间状语从句， 相
当于 as soon as。
1.Every time you smile at someone，you give a gift to that person.
每当你向某人微笑的时候，你就是给了他一件礼物。
2.He fell in love with her the first time he saw her.
他第一次看见她就爱上了她。
3.I got in touch with him immediately I received the letter.
我一接到信就跟他联系了。
3.As you know, if you do the same thing over and over again, you begin to do it
automatically.
as 引导非限定性定语从句，代替逗号后面的句子(主句)，常译为“正如”
翻译句子：众所周知，中国发生了巨大的变化。
As is well known，great changes have taken place in China.
4.I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.
do hope 为强调结构，do 常用来强调谓语动词。
[仿写] ①尽管戒烟对我父亲很难，他有 30 年的烟龄，但最终他确实戒掉了。
It was very difficult for my father to quit smoking，who smoked for 30 years，but in the end
he ______________. did manage it
5.It is only when the disease has progressed to AIDS that a person begins to look sick.
本句为强调句型:It was/is+被强调部分 that/who/whom+句子的其余部分(可以用来强调除
谓语以外的其他成分)
[仿写] 我还记得三年前是在北京初次遇到你。
I still remember it was in Beijing that I first met you three years ago.
6．It’s clear that they badly need help.该句型是主语从句，其中 it 是形式主语，that 从句
是真正的主语。
完成句子
你应该要精通电脑。
It is necessary that ____________.
【答案】you should master the computer
7. She told me that she wouldn’t go out with me again unless I stopped！
unless 引导的条件状语从句。unless 是从属连词，意为“除非，如果不”，含有否定意义，
相当于 if … not。
翻译：我们不会取得进步的，除非我们好好努力。
We won’t make any progress unless we spare no efforts in our study.
8. I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.
本句中 as … as … 意为“像……一样……”。其否定形式为“not as (so) … as … ”
As+adj./adv.+as;
as+adj.+冠词+n.+as;
倍数+as+adj.+as;
She is as good a teacher as her mother.
她和她妈妈一样是位好老师。
完成句子
Peter’s jacket looked just the same as Jack’s，but it cost ________________ his.(杰克的
两倍) 【答案】twice as much as
9. However, What I did know was that my girl friend thought I smelt terrible.
分析
翻译
我所认为的是他希望可以考上理想的大学。
What I do think is that he hopes that he can be admitted into the ideal university.
10.Do you know that this is because you become addicted in three different ways?
分析：
This is/was because +从句：意为“这是因为...”
翻译：最近 Tom 肺部有问题，这是因为他经常吸烟
There has been something wrong with Tom’s lung recently.This is because he frequently
smokes.
11. I didn’t know, for example, that it could do terrible damage to your heart and lungs or
that it was more difficult for smoking couples to become pregnant
长难句分析：
Learning sheet of Unit 4 Vocabulary(book 6)
1. Consume
F:vt. M:use U:consume sth (time/energy/goods etc.)
FW:time-consuming (adj.):be time-consuming;consumer (n.);consumption (n.)
翻译：
1. 完成这项任务耗费大量的时间和精力。
Finishing this task consumed a great deal of time and energy.
2. Phenomenon
F:n. phenomena (复数)U:natural phenomenon FW:phenomenal=incredible (定、表)
翻译：
这场表演真精彩！
This peformance is phenomenal/impressive/remarkable/incredible.
3. Subscribe
1) F:vi M:pay to receive regular copies of a newspaper U:subscribe to sth
(newspaper;magazine etc.)
2) F:vi. M:contribute sth to sth U:subscribe to sth (organization,charity etc.)
3) F:vi. M:agree with or support U:subscribe to sth (views,ideas,belief,theory etc.)
翻译
一些人同意买外卖而另一些人反对。
Some subscribe to the view that students can order take-away food while others disagree
with it.
4. Quantity
F:n. M:numbers or amounts U:(large/small)quantities of +n.(可复；不可数名词）:做主语
时，用复谓；a (large) quantity of+n.(可复、不可）：做主语时，谓语动词的单、复数依
of 后的名词的单复数而定；in (large) quantities/in quantity 大量地
补充：
“许多”的表达法：
1. many a (an)+n.(可单)作主语时，用单谓；more than one+n.(可单)作主语时，用单谓;
2. many,a good (great) many,quite a few, a great/large/considerable number of +n.(可
复)作主语时，用复谓
3. much, a great deal of,a (great) amount of +n.(不可)作主语时，用单谓
4. a lot of,lots of ,plenty of/a quantity of+n.(单、复、不可) 做主语时，谓语动词的单、
复数依 of 后的名词的单复数而定
翻译：
我们要注重产品的质量而不是数量。
We are supposed to concentrate on quality of the products instead of its quantity.
【即学即用】 语法填空
①A great deal of money (spend) on English books last year. was spent
②Many a parent (have) to go through this same painful process. has/had
③Large quantities of drugs (find)in his home yesterday. were found.
5. Tend
1) F:vt. M:be likely U:tend to/towards sth;tend to do sth=be likely to do sth
FW:tendency (n.):preference:a tendency towards/to sth;have a tendency to do sth
2) F:vi.&vt. M：care for/look after U:tend (to) sb/sth
翻译：
他们更倾向选择这种方式去解决问题。
They tend to adopt this kind of approach to resolve the problem.
6. Oppose
F:vt. M:disagree U:oppose sth;sb oppose doing sth
FW:opposed (adj.只表) :sb be opposed to do sth 某人反对做某事;as opposed to (表示对
比：而，而非）
Opposing (adj.只定):opposing sth (ideas/views etc.)
翻译：
有一些支持取消这次的活动而另一些人反对
Some subscribe to the view that the activity should be canceled while the rest of them are
opposed to it.
7. Opposite
1) F:adj. M: facing sth on the other side U:常定
2) F:adj. M:completely different U:常定：have the opposite effect;in the opposite
direction
3) F:prep. M:across from U:opposite sp
4) F:n. U:the opposite 反义词
8. Mild
1) F:adj. M:gentle U:表、定
2) F:adj. M:warm U:a mild winter FW:cold (反)
3) F:adj. F:slight U:mild sunburn/heart attack
4) F:adj. U:hot (反):味淡的
9. Environment
U:natural/working/learning environment;
FW:environmental (adj.):environmental pollution;environmentalist (n.)
10. Consequence
F:n. M:result U:face/take the consequence;as a consequence/in consequence,+句子=as a
result,句子=consequently, 句子；as a consequence of sth/in consequence of sth=as a
result of sth
FW：consequent (adj.):consequently (adv.)
翻译：他很自私，所以没人想要和他成为朋友。
He is selfish.As a consequence, no one feels like making friends with him.
No one feels like making friends with him as a consequence of his selfishness.
11. State
1) F:n. M:condition U:in an unhealthy state
2)F:n. M:the government of a country
3)F:vt. M:say or write sth formally U:state sth;state that clause
FW:statement (n.):an official statement 声明；make/issue a statement;statesman 政治家；
stateswoman
翻译：
这位总统正式声明他将重视环境保护。
This president stated that he will highlight the environmental protection.
12. Range
1) F:n. M:a variety of sth/sb U:a (wide) range of sth/sb
2)F:n. M:limits U:age/price/temperature etc range; (be) in/within the range of...;(be) out
of range of...;(be) beyond one’s range
3)F:n. M:distance U:v.+at a close range
4)F:vi. M:include U:sth/sb range from...to...;range between...and...
翻译：
我们班的学生有着不同的社会、经济、文化背景
The students in our class come from a wide range of social,economic, and cultural
background.
这个节目观众很多，从小孩子到爷爷奶奶一辈的都爱看。
This show attracts a large audience, ranging from children to grandparents .
13. Glance
1) F:vi. M:look at sth/sb quickly U:glance at /up/down sth/sb;
2) F:vi. M:scan;go through U:glance through sth (passage;page etc.)
3) F:n. M: a quick look U:take/have a glance at sth/sb; at first sight/glance；v.(see
etc.)+at a glance
区别：glance at 匆匆一看;glare at 怒视;stare at 凝视
14. Steady
F:Adj. M:stable U:a steady income/job; be steady FW:steadily (adv.)
15.Widespread
F:adj. M:happening in many places and/or among many people
U:widespread support/disease/use/damage;be widespread
翻译：
海平面上升将会导致大面积的洪涝灾害。
The rising sea level will result in the widespread flooding.
15. Economy
1)F:n. U:a low-carbon economy;fast-growing economy
2)F:n. M:the action of saving money etc. U:economy class;first class
FW:economic (adj.只定):经济上的:an economic crisis;economical (adj.):实惠的；节约的
步行上班比开车更实惠
Walking to work is more economical than driving the cars.
16. Average
1) F:n. U:below/above average;on average;the national average
2) F:adj. U:average sth
3) F:adj. M:normal or typical;at the middle level U:(be) of average intelligence/height
etc.
4) F:adj. M:ordinary U:average person
17. Advocate
F:vt. M:publicly support U:advocate (sb) doing sth;advocate that clause (should do sth)(虚
拟语气)
政府提倡每个人过环保和节约的生活
The government advocates that everyone should live an environmental and economical
life.
18. Commit (committed;committed)
1) F:vt. M:to do sth wrong or illegal U:commit sth (suicide, murder, crime etc.)
2) F:vi. M:definitely promise U:commit to doing sth
3) F:vt. M:to spend money or time on sth U:commit sth (time/money) to doing sth
FW:committed (adj.):determined or loyal U:定、表
Commitment
1) F:n. M:devotion
2) F:n. M:promise U:make a commitment to doing sth
3) F:n. M:duty U:take on many commitments
翻译：每个人都有责任去阻止环境被污染
Everyone should commit to preventing the environment from being polluted.
19. electric
Electric (adj.常定):电的；用电的；electrical(adj.):用电的 electrical appliance；electronic
(adj.):电子的；electricity (n.)
20. Circumstance
1) F:n. M:situation U:常复
2) F:n. M:condition U:常复;in/under the circumstance 在这种情况下; in/under any
circumstance 在任何情况下;in/under no circumstance 决不
Phrase
1. come about
F:VP M:happen/take place/occur unexpectedly;U:sth (natural disater;accident etc.)
come about
2. go up
F:Vi P M:rise U:sth (prices,numbers etc.)go up (by)+number;sth go up (to sth)
反义词：go down
3. result in
F:Vtp M:lead to;contribute to,bring about U:result in sth (结果)
区别：result from sth（原因）=be due to sth;as a result of sth (原因)
翻译
他的粗心导致他的失败
His carelessness resulted in his failure.
4. even if
我的父亲即使下再大的雪，他都外出工作。
Even if it snow heavily, my father still goes out to work.
5. keep on
F：VP M:go on U:keep on (doing) sth
6. On the whole
F：Prep P M:in general U:v.+on the whole; On the whole, S
翻译：
总而言之，我支持他的提议
On the whole, I subscribe to his proposal.
7. On behalf of
F：Prep P M:represent sb U:v.+on behalf of sb; v.+on one’s behalf
翻译：
我代表全体学生对你们表示衷心的感谢。
On behalf of all the students, I convey/extend my sincere gratitude to you.
Representing all the students, I convey/extend my sincere gratitude to you.
8. Put up with
F:VP M:tolerate sth/sb U:put up with sb/sth;put up with one’s doing (sth)
9. So long as
F:conj. M:on condition that U:S+as long as+S;As long as+S,S
翻译：
只要你不遗余力地去学习，你一定会在期末考试中取得进步的。
As long as you spare no effort to study, you will make great progress in the final
exam.
You will make great progress in the final exam on condition that you spare no effort
to study
10.Such as...and so on
U:用在 such as 举例子当中
翻译：
我一天里面要上很多种课，例如语文课，数学课，英语课等等。
I have to attend a variety of lessons, such as Chinese,math, English and so on.
Sentences
1. That probably does not seem much to you or me,but it is a rapid increase when
compared to other natural changes.
分析：when compared to...是时间状语从句的省略,其完整形式为:when it is
compared to..
补充：状语从句中的省略用法:
.do/ /todoing/done
be
,it
be
adj省略后的结构：连词
动词且从句谓语含有
一致或从句主语是省略条件：主从句主语
件、让步等状语从句适用的从句：时间、条
动词省略成分：从句主语
翻译：当他和其他同学相比较，他更勤奋。
When compared to others, he is more diligent.
2. As I’m not sure where to start with my project,I would appreciate any suggestions
you may have.
分析：as 引导的是原因状语从句,where to start...是“疑问词+不定式”结构,该结
构可以作主语、宾语或表语。
翻译：让我困惑的是我不知道如何解决这一问题：
What confuses/puzzles me is how to resolve this problem.
3. It takes a lot of energy to make things from new materials,so,if you can,buy
things made from recycled materials.
分析：made from recycled materials 是过去分词短语作后置定语修饰 things，相当
于定语从句。
翻译：我喜欢我爸爸煮的东西
I favor the food cooked by my father.
4. Together, individuals can make a difference.
sth/sb make a difference;It make a difference wh-/how-clause
反：sth/sb make no difference;It makes no difference wh-/how-clause
翻译：
你来不来会有影响。
It makes a difference whether you come or not.
5.There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer (see Graph 1) and that it is
human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural
phenomenon.
There is no doubt 为固定句型,后面跟两个 that 引导的同位语从句,在第二个同位
语从句中使用了强调结构 it is...that,强调主语 human activity。
翻译：毋庸置疑全球正在变暖因为二氧化碳的增加。
There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer because of the increasing
amount of the carbon dioxide.
2.毫无疑问,你学习越刻苦,你取得的成就越大
There is no doubt that the harder you work,the greater progress you will make.
5. Some byproducts of this process are called “greenhouse”gases,the most
important one of which is carbon dioxide.
分析：the most important one of which is carbon dioxide 是由 which 引导的非限制
性定语从句,the most important one of 作定语修饰 which。
翻译：1 班由 56 位组成，其中三分之二是男生。
Class 1 is made up of 56 students, two-thirds of whom are boys.
6. Without the “greenhouse effect”,the earth would be about thirty-three degrees
Celsius cooler than it is.
Without+名词短语:虚拟语气
翻译：
如果没有你的帮助，我不会成功处理掉这个难题。
Without your assistance, I would not have settled this problem.
7. It means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere causing
the global temperature to go up.
现在分词作结果状语
翻译：
足够的睡眠会使我们精力充沛,使我们学习更专心。
The abundant/adequate sleep will refresh us,making us concentrate on our study.
8. They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has
resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide.
分析：
9. On the one hand, Dr Foster thinks that any trend in which the temperature
increases by 5 degrees would lead to a catastrophe.
分析：
10. On the other hand, there are those,like George Hambley, who are opposed this
view and believe that we should not worry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the
air.
分析：
那些支持买外卖的学生认为外卖可以均衡他们的饮食。
Those who subscribe to the view that they should be allowed to order take-away
food consider that the take-away food can make their diets balanced.
Learning sheet of Unit 5 Vocabulary（book 6）
1. Alongside
1) F:adv. M:beside U:sth (cars etc.) pull up alongside
2) F:prep. M:next to;near;beside U:v.+alongside sth/sb
3) F:prep. M:together with U:v.(work)+alongside sb
2. Equip
1) F:vt. M:fit U:equip sth with sth=fit sth with sth FW:poorly/well equipped (adj.)( 定 、
表);equipment (n.)(UC;a piece of equipment)
2) F:vt M: prepare sb for sth;make sb qualified for sth; U:equip sb with sth;equip sb for sth
翻译：
1. 我们应该用知识武装头脑。
We are supposed to equip our min with knowledge.
2. 努力学习使我们准备好期末考试。
Working hard equip us for the final exam.
3. Appoint
1) F:vt. M:to choose someone for a position or a job U:appoint sb (as) sth (position etc.);appoint
sb to sth (organization etc.);appoint sb to do sth
2) F:vt. M:to arrange or decide a time or place U:appoint sth (time/place etc.);at the appointed
time
FW:appointment (n.):appointment as sth (position etc.);make/keep an appointment;have an
appointment with sb
翻译：
他被派去边远的地区支教。
He was appointed to instruct the students in the remote area.
4. Evaluate
F:vt. M:assess;judge U:evaluate sth; evaluate that/how/wh- clause FW:evaluation
5. Wave
1)F:n. M:a line of raised water that moves across the surface of the sea U:the ocean waves
2) F:n. M:a movement in which you raise your arm and move your hand U:give sb a wave
3)F:n. U:sound/light/radio wave
4)F:vi. &vt. M: move U: sth(branches etc.) wave;wave sth(flags etc.)
5) F:vi. &vt. M:move one’s hand to signal sth U:wave sb goodbye/wave goodbye to sb
6. absolute
F:adj. M:complete U:absolute sth (只定) FW:absolutely (adv.)=completely
7.Suit
1)F:n. M:a set of clothes U:a business suit 西服
2)F:vt. M:fit sb;to be convenient for sb U:sth(clothes;color etc.) suit sb; sth (time) suit sb
;suit sth to sth (使...适合...)
FW:suited (adj.只表):be suited for/to sb/sth;suitable (adj.表、定):suitable sth; be suitable for
sth/sb;unsuitable
活用——用 suit，match，fit 的适当形式填空
(1)Her shoes _______ her dress；they look very well together.match
(2)It is almost impossible to find a time that _______ everybody.suits
(3)The colour of this pair of shoes _______me very well，but it doesn’t _______me.fit
8. Potential
1) F:adj. M:possible;likely U:只定；a potential disaster;potential resources;customers
2) F:n. M:possibility U:sb have potential for sth
翻译：你是一个有潜力的人，一旦它发挥出来了，你的进步就会很大，在学校没有人能比得
上你。
You are a boy with potential. Once it is achieved / fulfilled / realized， your progress is great, and
nobody will equal you in the school.
9. Actual
F:Adj. M:factual;real U:只定:actual sth (cost etc.)
FW:actually (adv.)=as a matter of fact=factually=in fact =in effect U:v.+actually;Actually,S (a.强
调真实情况；b.句子副词：用于补充新的信息；说明个人观点或开始新的对话）
翻译：我原以为自己不会喜欢这种书，但是实际是它非常棒。
I didn’t think I favored this kind of books, but actually it was fantastic/impressive.
10. Precious
F:adj. M:valuable U:precious sth; be precious to sb
翻译：
上大学的那段时间对我来说非常珍贵。
The time when I attended the university is terribly precious to me.
11. Conscious
F:adj. M:aware U:只表；be conscious of (doing)sth; be conscious that clause
FW:unconscious (adj.反);consciousness (n.):lose/recover consciousness; race/class consciousness
民族/阶级意识
翻译：Tom 陷入沉思，没有意识到车来了。
Tom lost in thought,unconscious that the bus was coming.
12. Shoot
1) F:v. M: U:sth(gun etc.) shoot;shoot the arrow; shoot at sth
2) F:vt. M:shoot sb to death U:shoot sb
3) F:v. M:take photos U:shoot sth (movie etc.)
4) F:v. M:射门；投篮 U:shoot the last goal
5) F:v. M:move very quickly
FW:shot (n.)
13.anxious
1)F:adj. M:worried U:be anxious for sb/about sth; be anxious (that) clause
2)F:adj. M:worrying U:anxious sth/sb
3)F:adj. M:keen U:be anxious to do sth; be anxious that clause (should do sth)
FW:anxiety
翻译：
他对期末考试的到来感到焦虑。
He was anxious that the final exam is approaching.
14.anxiety
1)F:n. M:concern/worry U:anxiety about /over sth;v.+in anxiety
2) f:n. M:desire U:amxiety for sth; anxiety to do sth
15.panic (panicked;panicked;panicking)
1)F:n. M:fear U:v.+in (a) panic
2) F:v. M:frighten
16.diverse
F:adj. M:various U:diverse sth/sb FW:diversity (n.)
17.arouse
F:vt. M:cause sb to have some feelings U:arouse sth (enthusiasm;interest;anger etc.)
18. Appreciate (不用于进行时)
1) F:vt. M:understand how good sb/sth is U:appreciate sb/sth
2) F:vt. M:be grateful for sth U:appreciate (sb) doing sth;I’d appreciate it if...
FW:appreciation (n.)
19. Appreciation
1) F:n. M:an understanding of the importance or meaning of something U: have a deep
appreciation of sth
2) F:n. M:gratitude /thanks U:v.+in appreciation of sth;express one’s appreciation.
翻译：
如果你能采纳我的建议我会很感激的。
I would highly appreciate it if you can adopt my suggestions.
It will be highly appreciated if you can adopt my suggestions.
20. Persuade
1) F:vt. M:talk into U:persuade sb to do sth; persuade sb into (doing) sth;persuade sb out of
(doing) sth. FW:persuasion (n.U);persuasive (adj.)
2) F:vt. M:convince U:persuade sb of sth; persuade sb that clause
她成功地说服我陪她去逛街。
She managed to persuade me into accompanying her to go shopping.
21. Guarantee
1) F:vt. M:promise U:guarantee sth; guarantee that clause; guarantee to do sth
2) F:n. M:promise
3) F:n. M:保修单；质量保证书
翻译：他保证以后不迟到了
He guaranteed that he would not be late for school anymore.
22. Vary
1)F:vi. M:differ U:vary considerably/greatly/widely from...to...
2)F:vi. M:change U:vary from...to ...
3)F:vt. M:diversify U:vary sth
FW:various (adj.);variety (n.)
Various
F:adj. M:diverse;different U:various sth/sb; various kinds of FW:variously (adv.)
Variety
F:n. M:diversity U:a (wide) variety of sth/sb
FW:various (adj.);vary (vi.) ;varied (adj.):
翻译：对于这件事，人人意见不一。
Opinions on this matter vary from person to person.
学习方法因人而异
Study methods may vary from one to another.
Phrase
1. burn sb/sth to the ground
He has no place to live in because his house_____________________________. has been
burnt to the ground.
他无处栖身因为他的房子被烧毁了。
2. Make one’s way
F:VP M:go towards something U:make one’s way to/through sp
Though it was raining hard，he made his way to school.
尽管雨下得很大，他还是朝学校赶去。
Sentences
1. ．I was fast asleep when suddenly my bed began shaking and I heard a strange sound，like a
railway train passing my window.
“be＋形容词/表示状态的介词短语＋when...”表示“正在做某事，就在这时……”。
补充：be about to do sth. when...正要做某事，就在这时……
be doing＋when... 正在做某事，就在这时……(分句中的动作往往是短暂性的)
had just done when... 刚做过某事，就在这时……
翻译：孩子们正打算出去踢足球，这时突然下雨了。
Children were about to go out to play football when suddenly it began to rain.
2. The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study，but this
being my first experience，I stayed at the top and watched them.
独立主格结构:n./pron. +现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/名词/介词短语，用于修饰整
个句子,可充当原因、结果、条件、方式、伴随等状语
翻译：The floor wet，we had to stay outside for a while.
地面很湿，我们只好在外面呆一会儿。
The teacher came in，book in hand.
老师进来了，手里拿着一本书。
(单项填空)
The boys were happily making a snowman，________with cold.
A．their faces red B．their faces were red
C．their faces turned red D．their faces to be red
A
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