1. （2017全国卷I. 65） As _______ result,
people will eat more food to try to make
up for that something missing.
a
单句语法填空
一、冠词与高考
2. (2014卷I·63) Now, years later, this
river is one of _____ most outstanding
examples of environmental cleanup.
在形容词最高级(most outstanding)前，一
般要用the。
the
3. (2014新课标样卷·8) Alan: (opening
the fridge door) Well, it wasn’t me. But
Mum, look! Are these your sandwiches
here on the bottom shelf of _____ fridge?the
指说话人和听话人心目中都知道的“那个”
冰箱，故填the。
4. (2015全国Ⅱ卷)The adobe dwellings(土坯
房)are admired by even _____ most modern
architects and engineers.
在最高级前用定冠词the。
the
5. (2016全国Ⅰ卷)My uncle says that
he never dreams of becoming rich in
the short period of time.
意思是他从不梦想“在一段短的时期
内”致富，表示“一段”用a。
a
下列各小题中有且仅有一处错误(多1个单词、
少1个单词、错1个单词)，请指出并改正过
来，然后说明理由。
单句改错
6. (2016全国Ⅲ卷) At the first, I thought
I knew everything and…
因at first (当初，起初) 为固定词组。
7.(2015全国II卷) He liked it so much
that he quickly walked into the shop…
A woman saw him crying and told him
to wait outside a shop.
特指上文提到的那家商店，用the。
the
8.(2014 全国I卷) As result, the plants
are growing everywhere.
固定词组：as a result结果。
a
定冠词
不定冠词 a / an
泛指一类人或事物中
的任何一个，相当于
汉语中的“一个”
the 与指示代词this, that, these, those意义
相当, 用在单数名词或复数名词前,表示
特指的某一个或某一些人或事物,相当于汉
语中的“这”或“那”.
1.a用在辅音音素开头的单词
前,an 用在以元音音素开头的
单词前．
2.判断一个词是元音还是辅音
开头是根据其读音的而不是字
母．
二、冠词的概述
冠词是一种虚词，放在名词前面，帮助说明名词的含义．
它可以说是名词的一种标志，不能离开名词而单独存在．
零冠词
1 ____ hour
2. ___ useful animal
3. ____one-eyed dog
4. ____ European girl
5. ____ honest boy
6. ____ ugly man
7. ___ 800-word-long composition
8. ___ jeep
an
a
a
a
an
an
an
a
/au/
/ju:/
/w/
/ju/
归纳：
元音音标开头的用an，辅音音标开头的用a.
____ evening school ______ European country
____ uncle ______ unit
____onion _____ one-act play
____ honest person ____ history lesson
____ s is missing in the word.
____ 80-meter-long bridge will be built over the river.
an a
an a
an a
an a
An
An
1. 定冠词的基本用法
(⑴) 用于特指一定的人、事物或上下文提到
的
人、事物。
I woke up with a bad headache, yet by the
evening the pain had gone.
三、冠词的基本用法
(2) 在表示世界上独一无二的事物前。
The moon turns round the earth.
(3) 在单数名词前，表示某一类别或某项发
明。
The tiger is a dangerous animal.
(4) 在由普通名词构成的专有名词前及表示江、
河、湖、海、山川、群岛等的名词前。
We are said to be living in the Information
Age, a time of new discoveries and great
changes.
(5) 在序数词、形容词最高级前或用于特
指“两者中较……的一个”。
As is known to all, the People’s Republic
of China is the biggest developing country
in the world.
(6) 在方位名词前、某些习惯用语或表示时
间的词组中：
on the left, in the east / west, on
the other hand, in the end, the other day
等。
(7) 在形容词前表示一类人或事物。
the poor / rich / young / dying / good /
unknown
(8) 在姓氏复数形式前，表示全家人或夫妇二
人。
The Smiths are sitting at the table.
(9) 在表示度量单位的名词前，表示“每一”。
—It’s said John will be in a job paying over
$60,000 a year.
—Right, he will also get paid by the week.
2. 不定冠词的基本用法
(1) 用在可数名词前表示“一个”，含义上
相当于 “one”。
The development of industry has been a
gradual process throughout human existence,
from stone tools to modern technology.
(2) 与单数可数名词连用，表示某一类人或
事物；亦可泛指某一类人或事物中的“任何
一个”。
It is generally accepted that a boy must learn
to stand up and fight like a man.
(3) 用在抽象名词或物质名词前，表示“一种，
一 次，一类”等意义。
He had a strong dislike for cold weather.
(4) 用在序数词前，表示“再一，又一”。
He missed the gold in the high jump, but will
get a second chance in the long jump.
(5) 用在专有名词前，相当于“一位，一个，
某位，某个”或“……式的人”。
Experts think that the recently discovered
painter may be a Picasso.
(6) 用在某些固定词组中：
as a result,all of a sudden, as a matter of fact,
go out for a walk, have a good time, make a
difference, make a living, have an idea of,
have a good knowledge of,as a whole, once in
a while ,as a matter of fact, in a word, in a
hurry, at a time, once upon a time, etc等。
I don’t understand what the engineer means,
but I’ve got a rough idea of the project plan.
(7) 用在季节、月份、星期或节日的名词前，表
示某个特定的季节、月份、日子或节日。
The accident happened on a rainy Sunday
towards the end of July.
3. 零冠词的用法（不用冠词的情况）
(1) 复数名词表泛指时，其前不加冠词。
The Smiths don’t usually like staying at hotels,
but last summer they spent a few days at a very
nice hotel by the sea.
(2) 可数名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、名
词所有格时，其前不用冠词。
Jack’s English book is lying on his desk.
(3) 专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词和表示人名、地名
等的名词前，通常不用冠词。
Sarah looked at the finished painting with
satisfaction.
(4) 表示季节、月份、星期、节日、一日三餐的名词
前，以及表示体育运动项目、学科、运输或通讯方
式等的名词前，通常不用冠词。
We’re going to watch a match on Sunday.
(5) 表示职务、头衔的名词作表语、同位语、补足语等
时，其前不用冠词。
Sam has been appointed manager of the engineering
department to take place of George.
(6) 在某些固定搭配中, 如：at dawn, on second thoughts,
come to light, come to power, give birth to, out of
control, in public, ahead of time, in debt, hand in
hand, in place of, do harm to等。
无冠词 有冠词
on office执政 in the office在办公室
in prison 坐牢 in the/a prison在监狱
go to church 去做礼拜 go to the church 去教堂
go to sea 当水手 go to the sea 去海边
in charge of 负责，管理 in the charge of 由……负责
out of question 不成问题 out of the question不可能
4. 有无冠词意义迥异的短语
1.If you three choose to play___ football,
I will go to ____ cinema.
2.You have been in____ hospital for two weeks, but I
haven’t found time to go to____ hospital to see you.
3.I must find out that the operation was in_____
charge of a famous surgeon. You needn’t worry
about any more with him in_____ charge.
4.This is _____first time that I’ve come to
your country and I will come______ second time .
/
the
/
the
the
/
the
a
5.The article is _____ most difficult item,
but not _____most difficult item in English
grammar.
6.We all need to have____ breakfast,
especially _____ qualified breakfast.
7. What do you think of __ breakfast I’ve
prepared for you
a
/
the
a
the
Today our school organized all the students to
take part in 1 ___report at the meeting room in
our school. Albert, 2 ____ordinary man,
delivered a speech on how to learn English.
Albert, 3 ___ professor in Beijing University,
graduated from 4 ____ English Department of
Oxford University in 1985. He said we should
form 5 ____habit of previewing English, and this
would help to perform well in class. When we
study English in class, we must be earnest and
active.
a
a
an
the
the
2.语篇填空
If so, we can absorb 6 ___large amount of
knowledge. After class, we should read
more English passages, which is important
for the English learners. By doing this, we
are not only informed what happens in 7
____world, but we can also review 8____
large number of former words. After 9____
period of time, we should also sort out our
notes and go over what we have learned. In
10 __word, English isn’t difficult to learn,
as long as we do what he told us.
a
a
a
a
the
1.(2014全国II卷) My dream school
looks like a big garden. There are all
kinds of the flowers and trees around
the classroom buildings.
不是特指，不用the。句意：教学楼周
围有各种各样的花和树。
单句改错
三、练习
2.(2013全国I卷) In a fact, he even scared
my classmates away when they came
over to play or do homework with me.
固定词组：in fact =in reality事实上。
3.(2013全国II卷) This custom soon
became another meal of day.
the
因除all day (整天), by day(白天)，day by
day (一天一天地), day after day(日复一日)
等固定短语外，day前应有限定词，不可单
独使用；指“一天中的”要说of the day。
4.(2011全国课标卷) I was going to visit a
friend there, and after that, I would go to
Xiamen for long holiday.
因可数名词holiday是单数，前面应有限
定词；表示“一个” 长假，填a，与for
a long time类似。
a
5. (2010全国课标卷) My friend Nick told
me story about his experience back in
the US…
可数名词单数story前加不定冠词，表示“一
个”故事。
a
6. (2009全国课标卷)… and they found
me a comfortable one on second floor.
序数词前要用定冠词。
the
冠词的概述
冠词是一种虚词，放在名词前面，
帮助说明名词的含义．它可以说是名词
的一种标志，不能离开名词而单独存
在．
冠词有哪些？
冠词
a / an
泛指一类人或事
物中的任何一个，
相当于汉语中的
“一个”
the 用在单数名
词或复数名词前,
表示特指的某一
个或某一些人或
事物,相当于汉语
中的“这”或
“那”.
定冠词
不定冠词 a / an
零冠词 /
the
1.a用在辅音音素开头的单词
前,an 用在以元音音素开
头的单词前．
2.判断一个词是元音还是辅
音开头是根据其读音的而
不是字母．
冠词有哪些？
1 ____ hour
2. ___ useful animal
3. ____one-eyed dog
4. ____ European girl
5. ____ honest boy
6. ____ ugly man
7. ___ 800-word-long composition
8. ___ jeep
an
a
a
a
an
an
an
a
/au/
/ju:/
/w/
/ju/
归纳：
元音音标开头的用an，辅音音标开头的用a.
1. 不定冠词用于单数可数名词前, 泛指
一类人或事物, 可译作“一个/本/条/
座……”。此外还可表示⑴ 一类事物中
的“任何一个”；⑵ “每一”; ⑶ 不确
定的“有一个” “某一个” 等等。
归纳总结
2. 定冠词the与指示代词this, that, these,
those意义相当, 用于不可数名词、单复
数可数名词前, 特指某个或某些人或事
物。此外,还有以下主要用法：
⑴ 特指谈话双方都明白的人或物。
⑵ 用于世上独一无二的事物名称前。
⑶ 用在序数词和形容词最高级前。
⑷ 用在某些由普通名词构成的专有名词前。
⑸ 用在姓氏的复数之前, 表示一家人。
⑹ 与形容词或分词连用, 表示一类人或事物。
⑺ 用在play后的西洋乐器名词前。
⑻ 用于逢十的复数基数词前表示年代。
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