中学英语常用短语及句型归纳(三)
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中学英语常用短语及句型归纳(三)

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时间:2020-12-18

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资料简介
(3)Cc calculate the distance between… 计算出……的距离 calm down 平静,镇定                                   can’t help but do sth 忍不住做某事 can’t help doing sth 禁不住做某事,情不自禁做某事 carbon dioxide 二氧化碳                          card games 纸牌游戏 care about 对……感兴趣,关心,担心 (比较:care for 喜欢,关怀,照顾,照料 care for sb to do sth 愿意某人做 care to do sth 愿意做) carry away 拿走,使入迷                         carry off 夺走,携走 carry on 继续进行,坚持下去                  carry on research 进行研究 carry out (an experiment / a plan / an order / a survey) 开展或执行(实验/计划/命令/调查) cast away 抛弃                                         catch a glimpse of 瞥见 catch fire = be on fire 着火,开始燃烧 catch / find sb doing sth 发现/发觉某人正在做某事 cause damage to… 对……造成破坏          cell phone 移动电话,手机 centre on / upon… 将……当做重点或中心 (比较:centre / concentrate / fasten / fix / focus one’s attention on 把注意力集中于) chain stores 连锁店                                  change A for B 用A换B change A into B 把A变成B,把A转换成B change one’s mind 改变主意                     charge… for 收费,要价                         charge sth with… 使某事物充满……(情感)(比较:be charged with 充满……)   chat on line 网上聊天                               check in 登记,报到 check out 查明,核查,结帐                    check information 审核情况                      cheer sb on 为某人加油                            cheer sb up 使某人高兴起来,使某人振作起来 chemical factory 化工厂                           child laborer 童工 Christmas card / tree / Eve 圣诞卡/树/前夕 classical music 古典音乐 classify … into … 把……分类成……              clean out 清除,打扫干净 clear away 清除掉,消散,清除打扫,整理 clear up 打扫卫生,梳理整齐,(天气)放晴,露出喜悦的表情 close friends 密友                                     close down 倒闭 close up (尤指暂时)关闭,使靠近        close to 靠近,接近 combine…with… 把……和……结合起来 comment on / upon… 对……进行评论      commit the / a crime 犯罪                         common sense 常识,情理 communicate sth to sb 使某事物被人知晓,传送某事物给某人 communicate with… 与……交流/联络      compare notes 交换意见,交流看法 compare … to… 把……比作…                 compare with … 与……相比      compete against… 与……相对抗              compete for… 为……而竞争            compete in 参加(竞赛)                         compete with… 与……竞争/比赛 complain of 抱怨……                              computer / video games 电子游戏 congratulate sb on sth 祝贺某人某事          connect to 连接,相连(比较:be connected to 与……有关系)  connect with … 与……相连接 contribute to 有利于,贡献,捐款给,为……投稿 cool off 变凉,冷却,冷                          copy sb’s example 仿照某人,照某人的样子做 cover an entire continent 覆盖整个大陆     cover the events 采访事件,报道事件 create a positive / negative effect 产生积极/消极的作用/影响 cross out 划掉                                          crowd around (许多人)围着                 cultural relics / sites 文化古迹                   current affairs 时事                                  Cheer up. 振作起来。提起精神。            Come on! 来!快呀! (4)Dd dance to the music 伴随音乐起舞 date from = date back to 始于……时期,追溯到 day after day 日复一日(强调重复)        day by day 一天天地(强调逐渐变化) day and night 日日夜夜地                         deal with = do with 处理,解决,对付 depend on / upon = rely on / upon 依靠,依赖,信赖,靠……来决定 develop a lifelong friendship with sb 与某人成为终身朋友 develop the photos 冲洗照片 devote … to… 把……贡献给……,献身于……,专心于…… [比较:be devoted to (doing) sth 投身于 be devoted to sb 喜欢某人] die away 逐渐消失,减弱(以至感觉不到),淡化 die down 逐渐降低,减弱,消失,平息 die from 因……而死,死于(除了疾病或情感以外的原因,及某种具体疾病) die of (illness, hunger, grief, etc.) 因……而死,死于(疾病,饥饿,悲伤等情感内因) die off 一一死去,先后死去                    die out = become extinct 灭绝,绝迹,消失 differ from = be different from 与……不同,区别于 dig up 挖出,掘起                                   dining room 餐厅 dip into sth 把……放入液体中,浏览,翻阅 display one’s deep sympathy 表达某人深切的同情 distinguish A from B 显示A和B(两者)的差别,使A和B有所不同 (比较:distinguish between A and B 区别/辨别A 和B) divide … into 把……分成,使……分隔开 divide up 分配                                         double one’s efforts 加倍努力 dozens of 几十                                         draw a conclusion 得出结论 draw attention to 对……表示注意             draw back 后退 draw up 起草,拟定                                dream of 梦到                    dream of / about doing sth 梦想做某事      dress up 化装打扮,乔装打扮                  dress up as… 打扮/装饰成……               drink a toast 祝酒                                           drink to sb / sth 为……而干杯或祝福        drive off 击退, 把(车)开走                  drop by 访问,拜访                                 drop in 顺便走访,拜访                           drop in on sb 顺便拜访某人                      drop in at sp 顺便拜访某地 drop off 放下(某物),下车                    drop out (of…) (从竞赛、活动等)退出,辍学 drop sb a line 给某人写短信                    during the day 在白天  during / in the 1980s / 1980’s 20世纪80年代 during / in / throughout one’s lifetime 在某人的一生中 (5)Ee each other 互相,彼此(比较:one another 相互,彼此 ) earn / make / gain a / one’s living 谋生              earn / make money 挣钱,赚钱 eat up 吃完,吃光 either…or … 或者……或者……,要么……要么…… [比较:neither … nor … 既不……也不……        not…but… 不是……而是…… not only …but also… 不仅……而且……(前句用于句首时,须倒装)] end up with … 以……结束/告终 (比较:begin / start with 以……开始 close with 以……结束/告终 end up 结束,告终,最后得到……的结局/下场 end in failure / prison 以失败/坐牢而告终. end in a tie 以平局结束) engage to sb 与某人订婚                          English-speaking countries 说英语的国家 enjoy equal rights 享有平等权利               enjoy oneself 过得愉快,玩得开心 escape from 免于/逃脱……,从……泄露出 every day 每天                                      everyday use 日常使用 every few years 每隔几年 (比较:every four years = every fourth year 每四年,每隔三年         every two years = every second year = every other year 每两年,每隔一年) every now and then 不时地                             ever since 从……以来,从那时起            except for 除了……之外                         exchange student 交换生  exist in 存在于……                               experience life 体验生活 experiment with 进行实验,进行试验       explain sth to sb = explain to sb sth 向某人解释某事 express oneself 表达自己的意思                Excuse me. 对不起。 Everything / All goes well. 一切顺利。 (6)Ff face to face 面对面 (比较:hand in hand 手拉手,密切关联)       fail in doing sth 没做成某事                     fail to do sth 无法做某事 fall asleep 入睡 (比较:fall ill 病了,患病,病倒) fall behind (成就,成绩)落后于           fall down 摔下来,倒塌 fall in love with sb 爱上某人(比较:be in love with sb 与某人相爱) fall into 陷入,落入                                 fall off 跌落,下降 fall over 跌倒,摔倒                                fall to / into pieces 垮台,崩溃,解体,倒塌 fairy tale 童话                                          family name 姓氏 family tree 家谱                                            fax machine 传真机 far away 遥远,很远                                far from… 远离…… fasten / tie … to… 把……栓/别在……上feast on sth 宴饮,尽情地享受……            feed … on 喂养,饲养(比较:feed on / upon … 以……为食)         feel down 感到闷闷不乐                          feel like doing sth 想做某事 feel well / terrible / better / weak 感觉好/糟/好些/虚弱 fight against 与……作斗争/打架/打仗 fight for sth 为……而斗争,争取获得某事物 fight over 为……而战,因……而争吵/争斗 fight sb / sth off 抗击某人/某事物,击退某人/某事物 fight with 与……并肩作战 figure out 理解,想明白,算出                fill in 填空,填写 fill out 把……填好                                  fill with 用……填充 fill A with B 把B装进A里,把A装满B fill up with… 用……装满 find out 获知,查明,查出,弄明白,发现,了解 fire escapes 安全梯                                   fire exit 安全出口 first aid 急救                                           fish farms 渔场 fit in 被他人接受,相处融洽 fit in (with sb / sth) 与(某人/某事物)相适应/相协调 fix a time / date for 为……确定时间/日期 fix up 搭起,安装,修理,修补                     folk song 民歌 follow customs 随俗,按照习惯               follow sb’s instructions 遵从某人的指示    follow / take sb’s advice 听某人的劝告      follow the rules 按照规则去做 forget about 忘记了                                  for a period of several weeks / months 在几周/几个月的一段时间里 for ever = for good 永远 for example = for instance 例如 (比较:such as … 例如……,像……这样)       for free = free of charge = without payment 免费(比较:at one’s own charge / expense 自费) for once 就这/那一次                               for one thing…, for another 首先……,其次…… for the first time 第一次,初次,首先 [比较:at first = in / at the beginning 起初,首先 at first sight 第一眼,乍一看,初见之下 first of all 第一,首先,最重要 in the first place (用于列举理由时)首先,第一,原先 the first time 第一次,初次(后接状语从句)] for the reason 因为                                  for the sake of 由于,为了……的利益,为了……起见 free from 不受……的影响,没有……的 from now on 从现在开始,今后      from then on = from that moment on 从那时起 from … to … 从……到……                            from time to time 有时,不时,偶尔 from one country to another = from country to country 从一个国家到另一个国家 from one generation to another 一代接一代地 full dress 盛装                                         further education 进修,深造 [NextPage] (7)Gg gain weight = put on weight 发福,增加体重,增肥(比较:lose weight 减肥) gas station 加油站                                   generally speaking 总的来说,一般来说 gift money 压岁钱                                          given / first name 名字 glance at 匆匆一瞥                                   glare at 怒视 graduate from… 毕业于……                    greenhouse effect 温室效应 green tea 绿茶                                          grow up 生长,长大 grow up to be… 长大后成为……              Good luck! 祝你好运! Good morning / afternoon / evening! 早上/下午/晚上好! (8)Hh had better (do) 最好(做)                       hand down 流传下去 hand in 交上去,提出,面交                   hand out 散发,分发,发放 hang on 等一等,别挂电话                      hang up 挂断电话 hang out (俚语)闲逛 harmony with others 与其他人和睦相处,与其他人相处和谐 hear about / of 听说,知道                       hear from sb 收到某人来信 heart and soul 全心全意地                        here and there 各处,处处,四处             help sb out 救助,帮助某人解决困难,帮助某人摆脱困境 help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事              high school 中学,高中              hit sb on the head / in the face 打某人的头部/脸部 hold/keep / stick to 坚持,忠于                     hold together 连在一起,团结一致 home cooking 家常做法                           home village 家乡 hope / wish for 希望得到,对……怀着希望 host the Olympic Games 主办奥运会         hour after hour 一小时又一小时 how many / much 多少(可数名词)/多少钱(或不可数名词) how far 多远                                           how long多久                                          how often 多久一次,多常                       how old 几岁 human being 人,人类                            hundreds of 几百,成百上千的 hunt animals 狩猎                                    hunt for = search for 搜寻,寻找                     hurry up 赶快,快点                             Hands up. 举起手来。 Help oneself to sth 请随便吃。                 How are you? 你(身体)好吗? How do you do! 你好!                            How is it going? 情况怎么样? Here you are. 给你。(比较: There you are. 你来了。) (9)Ii ice cream 冰淇淋                                     iced tea 冰茶         ice skating 滑冰                                       ID card 身份证 if necessary = if it is necessary 如果需要的话    if only 要是……就好了(常用于虚拟语气) impress on sb 给某人留下好印象 (比较:be impressed by / with 对……留下印象) in a few days = in a few days’ time 几天后 in a flash 立刻,很快,立即                    in a good mood 心情好 in a hurry = hurriedly 匆忙地                    in a row 一个接一个地,连续不断地 in a slightest 一点也,根本                      in a … state 处在……的状态/情况下 in a straight line 沿着直线                              in a very short while 马上,立刻 in a whisper 小声地                                  in a word 总之,简言之,一句话 (比较:in other words 换句话说,换言之 in one’s own words 用自己的话说)  in an act of revenge 作为报复                   in all = in total = altogether 总共,总之 in class 在课堂上                                     in common 共同,共有 in condition = in good health 身体好,身体健康 (比较:out of condition = in poor health身体不好 in bad / good condition 处于坏的/好的状态) in darkness 处于一片漆黑                         in danger 处于危险中 (比较:out of danger 脱离危险         in danger of 面临……的危险) in debt 欠债                                             in demand 有需要的 in detail 详细地                                       in disorder 混乱 in English 用英语(表达)                      in fact = in reality = as a matter of fact事实上,实际上 in general 一般说来,通常                       in history 在历史上 in hospital / prison / church 住院/坐牢/做礼拜 in … order = in order of 按顺序 in order to do = so as to do 以便,为了,为的是(so as to do不置于句首) in peace = peacefully 安静,宁静              in public 当众,公开地,公然,在公共场所 in return 作为回报       (比较:in turn 转而,反过来,轮流) in silence 安静地,无声地                       in society 在社会上    in space 在太空(比较:in outer space 在外层空间,在外太空) in store 贮藏着,准备着,就要来到         in style 流行的,时髦的 (比较:out of style = out of fashion = out of date 过时的         come into fashion = be in fashion 流行的) in surprise / astonishment 吃惊,惊讶地 in time 及时(比较:on time 准时) in trouble 处于困境中                              in use 在使用中 in vain 徒劳,白辛苦                               in chains(指囚犯)用链锁住的,不自由,被囚禁 in ruins 成为废墟                                     in tears 哭泣,掉泪 in other aspects 从其他方面                      (比较:in terms of 就……而言                                   in large amounts 大批地,大量地             in the eyes of 在……看来)   in anxiety of 担心,担忧 in case of 假使,以防 (比较:in case 万一,以免 in that case 既然那样,假若是那样的话) in front of 在(某人/某物)前面 (比较:in the front of 在……的前部         in front 在前方,在正对面) in honour of 出于对……的敬意,为庆祝/纪念…… in praise of 称赞,赞赏                                   in search of 寻找 in spite of = despite = regardless of 尽管,不管 in view of 鉴于,考虑到,由于               in want / need of … 需要,缺少…… in agreement with 与……意见一致           in conversation with 与……谈话中 in harmony with 与……协调                    in relation to 与……有关的 in reply to 回答,答复,回应                   in exchange for 交换,互换 in the direction of 朝……的方向(比较:in all directions 四面八方) in the form of 以……的形式                    in the heart of 在……的中心/核心部分 in the hope of (doing) sth 抱着(做某事)的希望 in the name of 以……的名义,代表(比较:name … after 给……取名,命名) in the process of 在……的过程中              in the day / daytime 在白天 in the end = at last = finally = eventually 最后,终于 in the future 在未来,将来(比较:in future 以后,今后) in / during / over the last / past ten years 在过去的十年 in the past = in the old days 在过去            in / during the rush hour 在交通高峰期 in ancient / modern times 在古代/现代              in the air 在空中 in the open air 在户外                              in the rain 在雨中,冒雨 in the shade 在阴凉处                               in the sun 在太阳下 in the wild 在野外,在自然环境下           in one’s (personal) opinion 依某人之见      in one’s teens 十几岁时                                   in one’s youth 年轻时                               information desk 问讯处 instead of… 代替……,而不是……,作为……的替换(比较:rather than 而不是) insist on sth / doing sth 坚持某事/坚持做某事   intend to do sth 打算做某事 intend sth for … 把某物供给……用(比较:sth be intended for… 供……用) involve sb in… 使某人参加,使某人陷入……(困境),使某人牵涉到…… (比较:be involved in… 参与,有关联,忙于某事) It depends. =That / It (all) depends. 要看情况而定。 I dare say…. 我认为……。我估计……。 I’m sorry. 对不起。 (10)Jj join hands 携手,联手,合伙                   join in 参加,加入              join sb (in doing sth) 和某人一起做某事    join the line 排队 join up 联合起来                       judge sb by sth 依据某事物判断某人,断定,认为(比较:be judged by 靠……来判断) junk food 垃圾食品                                  just as 恰如 just now 刚才,现在                                just so-so 一般 just then 正在那时 (11)Kk kick the habit 戒除某嗜好                         kind of 稍微,有点儿 know about 对……了解                           know of 听说过           (12)L labor force 劳动力                                       lack of sleep 缺少睡眠  later on 后来,随后,以后                       laugh at 嘲笑,讥笑                                 lay down one’s life 献出生命                    lay off 解雇,不理会,使下岗                 lay the table 摆桌子 lead / have / live a cosy / an active life 过着舒适的/活跃的生活 lead sb to do sth = cause sb to do sth 使某人做某事 lead to = result in 通往,导致                learn about… 了解,学习有关……知识 learn …(all) by himself = teach …oneself 自学…… learn from… 向……学习,从……中学习        leave alone 不管,不打扰,不理会,随……去 leave behind 忘带,留下                       leave out 省略,删掉,不考虑   leave sb by himself 把某人独自留下 leave sb where he / she is 把某人留在原地 leave school 离开学校,辍学,毕业 less than 少于,不足                                     let down 不支持,使失望,使沮丧 let in 放进,让……进来                          let out 放掉,泄露,发出(声音) lie down 躺下                                                 lie in 在于,位于 lie to sb 对某人撒谎                                 light bulb 电灯泡 light a fire 点火                                       light up 照亮,使放光彩,点上(烟)吸起来 limit … to … 把……限制在……                     listen to 听……                   little by little 逐渐地                                live in poverty 生活在贫困线上     live life on the go 过着忙碌的生活 live on 以……为主食,靠……谋生,继续存在,继续活着 live one’s dream = try to realize one’s dream 努力实现梦想 live through 活过,经过(困难,危险)之后仍旧活着 live up to 依据……行事,做到,不辜负(期望) live up to sb’s expectation = meet sb’s expectation 不辜负某人的期望 live with 忍受,与……一起住 lock sb up 将某人监禁起来,将某人锁于某处不得进出 lose control = be out of control 失去控制 lose heart 失去信心,泄气,灰心             lose one’s life 牺牲某人的生命 lose one’s sight / voice 失明 / 失声          Let me see. 让我想想。 (13)Mm major in 主修,专研                          match …with … 把……和……相配 main course 主菜                             man-made satellite 人造卫星 means of transport 交通方式                 medical care 医疗保健         midfield player 中场球员                        Middle East 中东         millions of 成百上千万                           miss one’s turn 错过            mistake / take A for B 错把A当成B        mix up 混合在一起                           mix …with … 把……和……混合          mobile phone 可移动电话 morning paper 晨报                                  movie stars 电影名星 more and more 越来越多                          more or less 或多或少                more than = not only 不仅,不只,多于,十分 (比较:more A than B 与其说B,不如说是A no more than = only 仅仅,只不过 not more than 不超过,至多) most of 大多数 multiply … by … ……乘以……               musical styles 音乐风格 My goodness! 天啊! (14)Nn native language = mother tongue 母语        neck and neck 并驾齐驱,不分上下,不相上下 next time 下次                                     next to 紧接着,相邻,在旁边,次于      nine out of ten = nine in ten 十分之九        no doubt 无疑地 no longer / more = not…any longer / more 不再,已不 no matter 不论……,无论……                not as / so… as 不像,不如 not at all = not a bit 一点也不,绝非(比较:not a little = very much 很,非常) not later than 不迟于                                not …till / until… 直到……才……           now and then 偶尔,时而                         now that 既然                                                 Nice to meet / meeting you. 很高兴见到你。 (15)Oo obey / break the rules 遵守/违反规定      obey / observe the law 遵守法律 object to 反对                                                 occur to sb 使某人突然想到 offer advice about / on … 提出关于……的建议 of course 当然                                         of late = lately 最近,近来 of one’s own 属于自己的(比较:on one’s own = by oneself 独自,单独地) on a large scale 大规模地,大范围地        on a team 在一队/组,加入一队/组 on (an / the) average 平均,按平均计算    on an open fire 露营                   on all sides 在各方面,到处                            on and on 不停地,不断地 on condition that = if 如果                        on board 在(船/飞机)上                       on business 出差 on display 展览,陈列 [比较:on show 展出,在上演(放映)] on duty 值日,值班                                 on earth 在地球上,究竟 on end 直立,竖立                                  on foot 步行 on holiday 在度假                                    on purpose = by accident 故意地 on sale 上市,出售,廉价出售,减价      on watch 值班,守望 on the air 正在播出的                         on the contrary 相反地,反之 on the front page 在头版                           on the go 奔波,忙忙碌碌的,四处奔走 on the Internet 在互联网上                             on the march 在游行 on the phone 在通话,用电话交流            on the point of 就在……的时候 on / over the radio 通过收音机                  on the top of 在……的顶端                     on one’s arrival / return (某人)一到达/回来 on (the) one hand…, on the other hand … 一方面, 另一方面 once in a while 偶尔,有时                      once more / again 再一次 once upon a time 从前,很早以前             one day (过去/将来)有一天,某一天 one after another 一个接一个                    one by one 一个一个地,逐一 one-child policy 独生子女政策                 opera house 歌剧院,艺术剧院 open up 打开,开启,开创,开辟,开设,开放 operate on sb 给某人动手术                   opposite to 在……对面 or else 否则,要不然                               or rather 或者 or so 大约,……左右                              ought to 应当,应该 out of 由……里面向外,在……之外              out of breath 上气不接下气 out of danger 脱离危险                         out of order 运转不正常,出毛病             out of work 失业                                out of one’s reach 够不着                          over and over again 多次,反复地,一再  over there 在那边                           owe sb sth = owe sth to sb 把……归功于,感谢,欠(债) owe thanks to sb for sth 因为某事感谢某人 [NextPage] (16)Pp parking lot 停车场                                          pay phone (投币式)公用电话 pen friend / pal 笔友                                 pencil case 文具盒,铅笔盒 pencil sharpener 转笔刀,削笔刀              people with disabilities = disabled people 残疾人 personal affair 隐私                                  persist in 坚持 phone number 电话号码                           physical education 体育                     pile of (homework) 一大堆(作业),一大批,一大团 places of (great) interest 名胜                    pop music 流行音乐                       post office 邮电局                                    play against … 同……比赛                       play / act the role of sb = play sb 扮演某人的角色 play a part / role in … 在……中起作用     play a trick on sb 开某人的玩笑,耍弄某人 play football / basketball 踢足球/打篮球 play the piano 弹钢琴                               play with 玩耍,游戏 primary school = elementary school 小学    point at 指示,指向                          point to 指向                                           point out 指出,使注意                            prefer A to B 相比B更喜欢A                  prepare sth 准备                                prepare for sth 为某事做好准备 prepare sb for sth 使某人为某事做好准备 produce / make electricity 发电                 protect sb from / against … 保护某人免受……(伤害等) provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb 为某人提供某物 (比较:supply sb with sth = supply sth to sb 给某人提供某物 offer sb sth = offer sth to sb 为某人主动提供某物) pull down 拆毁,拆除,摧毁,推翻         pull on 随便穿上 pull out of 从……中退出,(火车)驶离车站,从……拉出来 pull sb up 把……往上拉,把……拉上来 push open 推开                                        push (sth) over (使车船等)闪到一边 pros and cons 赞成与反对,正面和反面    pretty well 相当好,几乎,差不多 (17)Qq quarrel with sb (about sth) (因某事)和某人吵架/争吵 quite a few 许多,大量 quite a lot / a bit 许多,大量 (18)Rr raise money for (good cause) 为(做好事)而筹款 rank high / low 排名高/排名低                  rank third 位居第三            rather than 宁可,而不是,非,与其……宁愿…… raw material 原料                                    record card 成绩单  record holder 记录保持者                    reach out (for sth) 伸手去(拿,碰) reach out (to sth) 伸出手以触到或抓到、拿到某物 read about 读到有关……                          receive / get one’s doctor’s degree 获得博士学位 recommend … to sb 向某人推荐……              refer to 提到,查询,参阅,指的是,谈到,涉及,有关 relate to 理解,同情,涉及,与……有关 (比较:be related to 与……有关联/关系) remind sb of sth 使某人想起某事            reply to 答复 respond to 回应,反映,响应                   result in 产生某种作用或结果,导致 [比较:result from 由于,(因而)发生,产生,出现] return to normal 恢复正常                        ring back 给某人回电话 ring off 挂断电话,停止讲话                   ring up sb = ring sb up 给某人打电话 rise / come to fame 成名                           roll over 翻滚,倒转 round up 使集合在一起,使聚拢              rock band 摇滚乐队 roller skating 滑旱冰                               running water 自来水 ruin sth = bring sth to ruin 使……变成废墟 run after 追赶,追求,追逐,在……之后跑    run at 冲向,向……攻击 run away 流失,逃跑,逃走,失控                 run away from school =drop out of school 逃学 run for 竞选 run into / across = come across = meet …by chance = happen to meet 偶然遇见 run off 跑掉,迅速离开                                  run out of sth 用完…… [比较:(sth) run out 耗尽,用光,用完] run over 压死,看一遍,跑过去                     run a business 做生意             run / start a restaurant 开餐馆 rush sb off one’s feet 使某人忙得不亦乐乎,使某人忙得不可开交 rush out 冲出去                                       rush through 掠过,快速通过 (19)Ss satisfy / meet the needs of … 满足……的需要 save money 存钱                                      save sb’s life 挽救某人的生命 say “no” to … 拒绝,否认,不同意          say thanks to … 向……表示感谢 say to oneself 心里想,自言自语                     school day 学校上课时                             school play 校园剧                                   school things 学习用具                             school / field trip 郊游                           search for 搜查,寻找,查找 self rescue 自救                                        see for oneself 自己去看,亲眼看             see sb off 为某人送行(比较:meet sb 接某人) see to 处理,料理,照顾                        see to it that…= make sure that… 确保,务使 seek after 追求                                         seek for 寻找 sell out 卖完,出卖                                  sense of responsibility 责任感 sentence / beat sb to death 判处某人死刑 / 把某人打死 separate … from … 把……和……分离开 serve as 作为,当作                                 serve in the army 服役 serve the dishes 上菜                                serve the people 为人民服务 settle an argument about… 解决关于……的争论 settle down 定下心来,安家落户,定居,平静下来 settle for 勉强同意,接受                        settle in(使)习惯(环境等),定居 settle up 付清,结账                               shake hands with sb 和某人握手 share (in) sth 分享                                    share sth with sb 与某人分享…… shop assistsant 售货员                               short wave 短波 shoot at 向……射击                                shout at (sb) 冲(某人)嚷嚷 [比较:smile at (sb) 冲(某人)笑]                        show off 炫耀                                        show up 出席,露面                                show respect for sb 对某人表示尊敬          show sb how to do sth 教某人做某事         show sb out / in 送某人出去/ 迎某人进来 show sb to the door 带某人到门口             shut down 关闭,把……关上 shut up 闭嘴                                            silver screen 银幕                                     sign an agreement with… 与……达成协议 sit down = be seated 坐着,坐下               sit up 熬夜 side by side 肩并肩,一起,相互支持      social problems 社会问题                         soft drink 清凉饮料,软饮料                    solar system 太阳系                                  soup opera 肥皂剧,连续剧                      so far = up till now 到目前为止                some day 将来某一天,来日                    some … , others … 一些……,另一些…… sooner or later 迟早,终归                       sound like 听起来像……     space / train station 太空/火车站             speed skating 速滑 speak about 谈论,交谈                           speak against 发表抨击 speak of 谈到                                          speak out 大胆讲出 speak to 谈话,与……通话                      speed by 飞驰而过 speed up 加快速度(比较:slow down 减缓,减速,慢下来) spend … (in) doing sth 花(钱,时间) 做某事 spend …on sth 在……花费(钱,时间)  spread out 伸开,铺开        stage name 艺名                                       standing room 立足之地 stone by stone 一块石头一块石头地          straight away 立刻地,毫不犹豫地 stare at 凝视,盯着看                           start a fire 引起火灾                   starve to death 饿死                              stay away 不在家,外出                           stay away from… 与……保持距离            stay the same = remain the same 保持不变 stay up 挺住,站立,开夜车,醒着,不睡,熬夜 stick to 粘住,坚持,忠于                       stick with 继续支持,保持联系 stop doing sth 停止做某事                       [比较:stop to do sth 停下来做某事 stop … (from) doing sth 阻止……做某事]               strike at 向……袭击/打击                    struggle against… 同……做斗争        struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来                struggle to do sth 挣扎着(竭力去)做某事 succeed in… 在……获成功 (比较:succeed in doing sth = be successful in doing sth成功地做了某事) suffer from… 受……苦                           suit … to … 使……适合于…… support / raise the family 养家                   surf the internet 上网冲浪 sweep away (风)吹走,(浪)卷走        sweep down 吹倒,席卷,冲倒 sweep the floor 扫地                                 switch on /off 开/关(电灯、机器等) swimming pool 游泳池 Say “Hi” to sb for me. = Give my regards to sb =Remember me to sb 代我向某人问好。     Say goodbye to sb 向某人告辞/告别。      See you soon / later. 再见。 [NextPage] (20)Tt table manners 餐桌礼节,用餐规矩          table tennis 乒乓球(运动) talent show 天才表演                               tape recorder 磁带录音机 talk show 访谈节目                                  talk about 谈论,交谈,议论                   talk of 谈到                                           talk … through (充分)讨论,详细讨论 talk to 与某人交谈/谈话                        talk with 和……交谈 telephone booth 电话亭                                telephone number 电话号码 tennis racket 网球拍                                 tear at 用力撕                                                 tear down 拆毁,拆除                              tear sth into pieces 把某物撕成碎片           tear up 撕毁,取消(合同)                    tell a lie 说谎              tell … apart 识别,辨别,区分开             tell… from… 把……和……分开     tell the truth 说真话 tell the difference between A and B 说出/分辨A和B 的区别 tend to 趋于,朝某方向                           test on 在……做实验 test the blood 验血                                          Thanksgiving Day 感恩节                        thanks for…因为……而感谢                     thanks to… 多亏了,幸亏,由于,因为 (比较:due to = owing to = because of 由于,因为) than usual 比平常……                              the Antartic 南极   [比较:the South / North (Pole) 南/北极] the Arctic Ocean 北冰洋      (比较:the Atlantic Ocean 大西洋 the Indian Ocean 印度洋 the Pacific Ocean 太平洋 the Yellow River 黄河)                                  the butterfly 蝶泳                the Capital Stadium 首都体育馆 [比较:the Great Wall 长城 the Palace Museum 故宫(博物馆) the People’s Republic of China 中华人民共和国(简称PRC)] the day after tomorrow 后天                      the day before yesterday 前天 the entrance to ……的入口                             (the) long / high jump 跳远/高    the Maglev Train 磁悬浮列车                 the majority / minority of people 大多数/少数人 the (more) …, the (more) … 越……,越…… the next morning 第二天早上                    the other day 前几天,某日 the other way around 相反地,用相反方式 the Olympic Games / the Olympics 奥林匹克运动会 the problem with … 关于……的问题        the same as 与……同样的          the same to 对……也一样                        the United Kingdom 英国           the United Nations 联合国                      the United States 美国 the way to do sth / of doing sth 做……的方法 the working people 工人,劳动人民          the World Championship 世锦赛                this very night 就在这个晚上                    thousands of 成千上万                    Three Gorges Dam Project 三峡大坝工程 three meters deep = three metres in depth 三米深 through thick and thin 不顾艰难 throw light upon / on 阐明某事,使某事显得很清楚 throw about 四处乱扔                              throw at 向……扔去                                throw away 扔掉                                    throw up 吐出(事物),呕吐                   tie A to B 把A 绑在B 上                        tie … up 系,栓,捆 tie up (one’s hair) = do up (one’s hair) (头发)扎起来 tire out 筋疲力尽                                           tire oneself out 使自己疲惫不堪 time and time again = over and over again 多次,不断地,反复 time area 时区                                   toast to the New Year 为新年干杯              to begin with = to start with 首先,作为开始,第一点 to be honest = honestly speaking 老实说,说实在的 to make matters / things worse = worse still 使事情/情况更困难/危险,更糟糕的是 to … degree 达到……程度                       to one’s knowledge 据某人所知 to one’s regret / sorrow / surprise / joy 使某人遗憾/悲伤/惊讶/高兴的是 to the north of 在……以北                       to the point 中肯,扼要,切中要害 too many 太多                                     too much 太多,过分,太   too … to = so … that 太……以至于不能 tongue twister 绕口令 track and field 田径                                  traffic lights 交通指挥灯,红绿灯 travel agent 旅行社                                  trial and error 反复实验,不断探索 trade for 交易                                                 trade in 以交易方式购入                   trade … with sb 与某人做……交易(买卖) transform … into… 把……转变成……     treat sb badly 虐待       treat sb to sth 请某人吃……                  trip over (被……)绊倒           trust (in) = have trust in = rely on 信赖,信任 try on 试穿(衣,鞋,帽等),试试看,耍弄(花招) try out 试验,尝试,试用                        try one’s best 竭尽所能 TV series 电视连续剧                               TV station 电视台 twice the size of 是……的两倍之大          Thank goodness! 谢天谢地! This way, please. 请走这边。                    It’s time to do…. 该做……了。 (21)Uu under arrest 被拘留                                  under attack / fire 被攻击 under construction / control / discussion 在建设/控制/讨论中 under repairs 在修理中 under the command of 在某人控制之下,在……的指挥下 under the direction of 在……的指导下      unite as one 团结一致                 upside down 颠倒着,倒转着                  up and down 来回,上上下下,来来往往 up to 正在做,从事于,大约,多达        up to date 现代的,时新的,据目前所知的 use up…. 用完……,用尽…… (22)Vv VCD player 影碟播放机                           very much = a lot 很,非常,十分 (23)Ww wait for 等待,等候                                 wait / stand in queue = wait / stand in line 排队等侯 waiting room 等候(候车)室 wake up 醒来                                           wake sb up 把某人吵/叫醒 walk / run up to = go / come up to 上前去  want all day off 请假一整天 wash away 冲走                                       wash down 冲走,冲垮 washing machine 洗衣机                           watch out (for…) 留神,提防,注意        watch over 看守,照看                              watch TV 看电视                                     wear away 磨掉,消耗               wear out 穿破,把……穿旧,磨坏,使……疲劳 [比较:be worn out (衣服等)穿破/被损坏,(人)疲惫不堪/感到疲劳] what else 而且                                         what if… 倘使……将会怎样,如果……将会怎样 win … prize 获得……奖                          win the first place (比赛)得了第一名    win sb 把某人争取过来(比较:beat / defeat sb 打败某人) wipe out 去除,消灭                                wish each other good luck 互相祝福   wish … every success 祝…… 成功          without a sound 悄无声息地 without limit 无限地                                without luck 运气不好 with the help of=with sb’s help 在……的帮助下 with the purpose of 有……的目的             wonder at 对……感到惊讶 word for word 逐字地                              work as an actress 做女演员                     work at 从事,致力于 ,干……活动(研究) work on … 继续工作,从事于……,忙于……,不断做…… work out 算出,解决,想出(办法),制定(计划),结局,至最后 work with … 对……起作用                            work permit 工作许可证 worry about 为……担心,烦恼                would like 想要(婉转表达个人的想法、看法) would rather 宁愿,宁可                          wrap sth in 用……把某物包起来             wrap up 包好,伪装                                write down 记下,写下                         write to 写信给                                        Well done / said! 干得好/说得好!            What a pity! 多可惜!真遗憾!                What a shame! 太不好意思了!太遗憾了! What / How about…? ……怎么样?……好不好? What becomes of … ? ……变得怎样了? What kind …? 何种……?                       What time …? 几点……? What’s on? 发生了什么事?                 What’s the population of …? ……有多少人口? What’s up? 怎么啦?                             What’s wrong / the matter? 怎么了?              Would you mind…? 你介意……吗? (24)Yy year after year 年复一年,年年,每年(重复) year by year 一年年(逐渐变化) Young Pioneer 少先队员 You’re welcome. 不用谢。不客气。 (25)Zz zebra crossing 斑马线

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