一、命题特点分析：
1. 开头点题。说明文类完形填空中，作者一般在文章的首句直接提出说明的对象，这是掌握说明细节
的前提。
2. 结构清晰。说明文一般按一定的顺序展开。理清文章的说明顺序，对于正确把握文意和上下文的逻
辑关系，选择正确答案具有重要意义。
3. 难度较大。说明文往往采用比较正式的文体，表述准确严谨，生词术语较多，句子较长，结构较为
复杂。
4. 说明文一般采用简练的语言，按一定的方法介绍事物的类别、性质、特点、构造、成因、关系或事
物的运动变化、发展的过程及其规律。
5. 说明文十分讲究条理性，一般采取时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序或认知顺序来说明事物或事理。
二、解题方法：
1. 快速弄清文章大意。
对于此类文章我们结合选择项，进行粗读或略读，对文章的大意要先有一个大体的了解。说明文往往
生词较多，而题材又比较广泛，所以阅读时，首先要能够掌握文章的大意。
2. 弄清楚说明的顺序。
把握了说明顺序，就能准确把握文章的脉络，加强对整篇文章的理解。
3. 把握文章的组织结构，理清事实细节。
把握语篇特征对理解文意与答题极为有利。说明性的文章一般都是一篇完整的、意思表达清楚的、逻
辑比较严密的短文。在阅读这类文章时，我们一定要仔细研读文章的开头和结尾，从主题句着手，找出支
持句，然后寻找文章的结论。这时，我们还要特别注意，不要被表面的一些细节所迷惑，我们在理解细节
的基础上，还要斟酌文字的内涵意义，从而对文章进行深层次的理解。
4. 注重上下文语境
应逐句精读短文，逐题分析选项，对特定的语境作深入的理解，克服＂思维定势＂，根据全文大意和
词不离句、句不离文的原则逐项填空。
5. 熟练做题方法，遵循四个原则：
（1）上下一致。每个选择项必须从全文出发，从大处着手，避免孤立地分析每一空格，造成误选。
（2）语法正确。从语法的角度去考虑动词的时态、语态以及词类用法。
（3）逻辑合理。在完形填空题中，逻辑推理非常重要，有时每个选择项从语法上讲都正确，但是有的
是不合语境逻辑的。
（4）符合搭配。英语中固定搭配很多，需要熟练掌握，才能做好此类题目。学科@网
（一）
Have you learned about table manners in China? Here I will introduce some.
It is a traditional 1 for Chinese people to eat with chopsticks. Each person at table will have a pair of
chopsticks, and there is also an extra pair 2 is for public use.
You should remember that you’re 3 to let the elders in the family sit and eat first. If they don’t start，
everyone else shouldn’t start, either. And then you should make a 4 to them.
While eating, it is very rude to eat with a loud 5 . And you’d better not speak while food is still in
your 6 . Do not only eat one dish even if that is your favorite.
People usually go out of their way to cook delicious food to make you 7 at home, but when they
say, ＂The dishes aren’t delicious. I 8 you don’t mind, ＂you must not say, ＂Yeah, that’s true, but I
don’t mind.＂ 9 , it is a typical(典型的) word which can show one of the Chinese qualities — 10 .
You should answer, ＂Really? I don’t think so. It is the best taste of any dish that is new to me.＂
1. A. point B. order C. method D. custom
2. A. which B. who C. where D. when
3. A. allowed B. considered C. supposed D. invited
4. A. report B. research C. bow D. toast
5. A. voice B. smile C. noise D. cry
6. A. plate B. mouth C. hand D. bowl
7. A. feel B. arrive C. eat D. aim
8. A. realize B. suggest C. expect D. believe
9. A. However B. Actually C. Instead D. Finally
10. A. honest B. proud C. modest D. serious
（二）
Around the world, people have different ideas about what good manners are. When you go to restaurants in
different parts of the world, it’s 1 to know the right and wrong things to do. For example, in China it’s OK
to 2 a lot of noise in a restaurant. In fact, if a restaurant isn’t noisy and 3 , you may think there’s
something wrong with it. However, in many western countries, restaurants are 4 places. If people at a table
talk too loud, other people who are eating there might even 5 to the owner of the restaurant.
Paying the bill is also different from country to country. In China, one person usually pays for 6 . In
western countries, one person pays if he or she is entertaining clients (宴请宾客), but 7 friends eat together,
they usually share the cost. This is called ＂going Dutch (均摊费用)＂. Also, when westerners pay the bill, they
usually leave some money for the 8 . This is called ＂leaving a tip＂. Leaving a tip is thought to be polite.
In the U.S., it’s 9 to leave tips of 10%, 15%, or 20% of the bill, which is decided by how good the
service(服务) is. Good waiters can make a lot of money!
The way people eat food is not the same in different parts of the world, but you can 10 the same kinds
of food in many countries. Chinese and Indian foods, for example, are popular all over the world.
1. A. popular B. difficult C. important D. enjoyable
2. A. cause B. keep C. hear D. make
3. A. lively B. friendly C. lucky D. polite
4. A. noisy B. quiet C. busy D. clean
5. A. shout B. explain C. complain D. speak
6. A. everybody B. nobody C. somebody D. none
7. A. until B. when C. unless D. since
8. A. gatekeeper B. seller C. waiter D. visitor
9. A. terrible B. common C. serious D. unusual
10. A. invent B. discover C. prefer D. find
（一）（2018 年江苏省徐州市）
What will the future world be like? Many people are glad to give their 1 . Here are two imaginations
about the world of 2 . When people talk about the future, we like to think that we'll have our own
personal flying car. We would fly at 480 kilometres per hour, avoiding traffic lights, 3 roads and speeding
tickets. 4 ，some people point to the disadvantages of flying cars. One big problem is: what will happen if
the flying cars 5 ? Then there will be problems with traffic control. Also, if 6 become popular, there
will surely be too much air traffic. 7 it seems that flying cars will face more than a few problems if they
are to get off the ground! Imagine you have your own Ironman 8 . Several companies are trying to build a
practical robot "exoskeleton". This is a suit of robot arms and legs which follows your movement. It will 9 the
wearer to lift heavy objects, walk a long way and even punch through walls! It is 10 in many ways,
especially for people with disabilities. This suit might help people to walk again after 11 or injury（受伤）.
But the disadvantage at the moment is the 12 . Even a simple suit can cost hundreds of thousands of pounds.
Another problem is battery life. A suit like this needs a lot of 13 and batteries only last about 15 minutes at
the moment. One other problem is that a badly programmed robot wearer. You wouldn't want your robot leg or arm
bending（弯曲） suit could 14 the wrong way car above our heads.
So in the future, 15 we might be able to fly to work and lift a there are plenty of problems to solve
before this will be possible.
1. A. suggestions B. instructions C. opinions D. reasons
2. A. past B. yesterday C. present D. tomorrow
3. A. empty B. wide C. busy D. dirty
4. A. Moreover B. Instead C. In fact D. However
5. A. put down B. break down C. write down D. calm down
6. A. they B. you C. we D. I
7. A. And B. But C. So D. or
8. A. gloves B. suit C. helmet D. shoes
9. A. ask B. wish C. invite D. allow
10. A. beautiful B. peaceful C. colorful D. useful
11. A. disease B. holiday C. work D. party
12. A. quality B. price C. need D. number
13. A. chances B. power C. rest D. experience
14. A. hurt B. attract C. protect D. attack
15. A. whether B. unless C. although D. until
（二）
（2017﹒江苏南京）You and your family are planning a picnic for tomorrow. But you
want to ____1____ the weather forecast(预报) first to see whether there will be rain or not.
Your father turns on the television and the family listens to the ____2____ make the
weather report.
＂It will be partly cloudy tomorrow morning, ____3____ clearing by early afternoon.
The high tomorrow will be 85.＂
As there will be no rain, the whole family feels ____4____. Without the weather forecast, you would not know
this, and you would just have to take your chances. But now, you can plan your picnic ____5____ worrying
whether it will rain or not.
The man you can thank for this is Cleveland Abbe. He is known as the father of the weather bureau. He was
the first person to publish ____6____ weather forecasts in the United States.
Abbe began his daily weather bulletins (简报) in 1869. They were based on weather ____7____ he drew from
telegraphed reports of weather conditions. Because of their accuracy (准确), the reports were ____8____.
Congress (国会) became ____9____ in Abbe’s weather reports. They made Abbe a meteorologist (someone
who studies weather conditions), and he ____10____ issuing (发布) forecasts three times a day. He was the first
official forecaster of the U.S. Weather Service. Because he often forecast probable storms, Abbe earned the
nickname of ＂Old Probabilities.＂
1. A. produce B. spread C. check D. organize
2. A. fireman B. postman C. fisherman D. weatherman
3. A. so B. but C. after D. because
4. A. happy B. worried C. stressed D. curious
5. A. about B. without C. against D. from
6. A. online B. polluted C. daily D. indoor
7. A. maps B. stations C. space D. centres
8. A. strange B. popular C. terrible D. useless
9. A. successful B. similar C. bored D. interested
10. A. avoided B. began C. minded D. risked
（三）
（2017﹒重庆 B）March 22nd is World Water Day. It started in 1993. It not only makes us think about the
importance of water, but also calls on (号召) us to ____1____ and protect water. Today, we’re facing terrible water
problems. Among them, wastewater problem is especially ____2____. And the subject of World Water Day in 2017
is ＂wastewater＂.
What is wastewater? It is used water. Usually, wastewater comes from homes, ____3____, hospitals and so on.
It is produced by different kinds of activities, including washing the machines, taking showers and using the
kitchen. The rain also ____4____ wastewater when it is running down the street during a storm. No matter where it
comes from, this kind of water is sure to have ____5____ harmful in it.
____6____ must we treat (处理) wastewater? Wastewater has a big influence on our life. It causes both illness
for us and pollution for the environment. We must care for our environment and our own ____7____.
How can we treat wastewater? Different kinds of wastewater need different ways of treatment. Wastewater
____8____ homes can be reused. Then there will be ____9____ wastewater. Also, factory wastewater has to be
cleaned ____10____ it goes back to nature.
1. A. drink B. save C. carry D. watch
2. A. easy B. popular C. small D. serious
3. A. factories B. lakes C. rivers D. seas
4. A. gets back B. hands in C. changes into D. picks up
5. A. nothing B. something C. nobody D. somebody
6. A. What B. Who C. Why D. How
7. A. work B. interest C. health D. business
8. A. on B. for C. with D. from
9. A. less B. more C. better D. worse
10. A. and B. whether C. after D. before
（四）
（2017﹒江苏苏州）Humans are mammals（哺乳动物）. Most mammals are born able to do many things.
Some can walk within a few minutes of being born. They have to be able to run away if ____1____ is near. But
human babies are born ____2____. They need the care of adults to live.
In the first month of life, babies cannot smile or sit up. They cannot even
hold up their own heads ____3____ some help from grown-ups.
In the next few months, babies grow a lot. They learn to roll over, support
their heads, and ____4____ sit up while being held.
Babies also have to learn to use their ____5____. It takes months for them to learn to reach for objects. At
around six months old many babies can ____6____ an object from one hand to another.
Babbling is ____7____ a human baby learns to speak. Babies all seem to make similar sounds by babbling.
They try to imitate(模仿) the sounds they hear from adults. It will take about nine months ____8____ a baby can
say real words.
Somewhere around a baby’s first birthday he or she may stand or walk with help. Soon the baby will
____9____ around on his or her own!
The first year of a baby’s life is a time of growing and ____10____. Growing sure takes a lot of work!
1. A. food B. danger C. waste D. peace
2. A. careless B. harmless C. hopeless D. helpless
3. A. of B. for C. without D. by
4. A. even B. never C. ever D. still
5. A. legs B. heads C. eyes D. hands
6. A. keep B. move C. hold D. make
7. A. why B. how C. which D. where
8. A. before B. since C. after D. while
9. A. look B. show C. run D. sit
10. A. speaking B. smiling C. crying D. learning
（一）（2018-2019 学年芜湖市九年级第一学期英语期末试卷）
Colour is a part of life. The whole world is full of colours. Almost 1 has a colour. Some things are
yellow like cheese, lemons and bananas. 2 things are red. For example, warning signs are usually red.
3 is the colour of most spring leaves and grass.
4 is blue? Blue is the colour of 5 .We can also see the blue sky, blue eyes, blue birds and blue
jeans. There are many 6 colours too, such as orange, brown, purple, white and black.
The world changes its colours with the 7 of the year. Spring is green. Summer is red. It turns gold in
autumn and then 8 in winter. When winter is gone and spring is back, the world turns green again. When
winter is gone and spring comes back, the world turns green again.
9 a rainstorm you may see something that has many different colours in the sky. It is a rainbow.
But 10 different colours, can you imagine what the world looks like?
1. A. none B. nothing C. something D. everything
2. A. Few B. A little C. Lots of D. Little
3. A. Green B. Red C. Yellow D. Blue
4. A. When B. What C. Who D. Why
5. A. the sun B. grass C. sea D. ground
6. A. other B. another C. extra D. else
7. A. months B. seasons C. days D. weeks
8. A. red B. green C. yellow D. white
9. A. Until B. After C. Before D. But
10. A. with B. without C. for D. within
（二）（吉林省长春市朝阳区 2018—2019 学年度上学期 9 年级期末考试）
My parents usually celebrate a special day by enjoying a special kind of ice wine called Canadian ice wine.
My mother 1 told me the story of ice wine. To make it, people must freeze grapes on the vine（葡萄树）.
You might think this is strange, 2 it is true. Sometimes, a great new product is invented by accident. And
that’s exactly 3 we got ice wine.
In the 1700s in Germany, a man was away from 4 farm in the autumn. The weather suddenly
turned 5 and his grapes froze. When he tasted the grapes, to his 6 , the grapes tasted so sweet. Then,
he 7 to use these grapes to make some wine. Guess what? People really liked his wine. For two centuries,
8 was the only place making ice wine. Then a Canadian got the idea that this kind of wine could be 9
in Canada. After all, the winters are cold in Canada and that’s the main 10 for making ice wine. After hard
work, some grape farmers 11 the best process, and soon Canadian ice wine began to be sold all over the
world.
The story of ice wine got me thinking. What other inventions came about 12 ? It’s really hard to imagine
the world 13 penicillin(青霉素) that has saved millions of lives. And the microwave has certainly changed
the way we 14 .
Life is sometimes like that. Something even better comes along 15 we keep our eyes and mind open.
1. A. once B. also C. only D. never
2. A. and B. but C. if D. so
3. A. why B. when C. how D. where
4. A. his B. our C. your D. her
5. A. hot B. wet C. dry D. cold
6. A. sadness B. surprise C. worry D. shyness
7. A. refused B. forgot C. decided D. failed
8. A. Canada B. England C. France D. Germany
9. A. found B. produced C. sold D. ordered
10. A. requirement B. achievement C. instrument D. development
11. A. gave up B. made up C. cared about D. found out
12. A. by heart B. in half C. by accident D. in secret
13. A. among B. through C. except D. without
14. A. cook B. sleep C. rest D. exercise
15. A. because B. if C. unless D. though
跟踪训练
（一）
【文章大意】本文主要介绍了中国传统的餐桌文化，包括：吃饭用筷子，先让老人开始并向老人祝酒；
吃饭时不可大声地吃，嘴里有饭时不可说话；主人谦虚说饭菜不好时，要夸赞他。
1. D 【解析】句意：用筷子吃饭是中国人的传统习俗。A. point 要点；B. order 秩序；C. method 方法；D. custom
习俗。根据句意和上下文提示，可知选 D。
3. C 【解析】句意：你要记住，你应该让家里的老人先坐下来吃饭。A. allowed 允许；B. considered 经过
仔细考虑的；C. supposed 建议；D. invited 邀请。be supposed 应该。根据句意和上下文提示，可知
ABD 三项意思都与句意不符，故选 C。
4. D 【解析】句意：然后你应该向他们祝酒。A. report 报告；B. research 研究；C. bow 鞠躬；D. toast 干杯。
make a toast 祝酒，敬酒。根据句意和上下文提示，可知选 D。
5. C 【解析】句意：吃东西时，发出很大的声音是很不礼貌的。A. voice 嗓音；B. smile 微笑；C. noise 喧
闹；D. cry 哭喊。be rude to do sth. 粗鲁地做某事。根据句意和上下文提示，可知选 C。
6. B 【解析】句意：你最好不要在食物还在嘴里时说话。A. plate 盘子；B. mouth 嘴；C. hand 手；D. bowl
碗。根据句意和上下文提示，可知选 B。
7. A 【解析】句意：人们通常会外出烹调美味的食物，让你有家的感觉。A. feel 感觉；B. arrive 到达；C.
eat 吃；D. aim 对准。根据句意和上下文提示，可知 BCD 三项都不合句意，故选 A。
8. C 【解析】句意：这些菜不好吃。我希望你不介意。A. realize 意识到；B. suggest 建议；C. expect 希望；
D. believe 相信。mind 介意，本句和上一句构成因果关系，根据句意和上下文提示，可知选 C。
9. B 【解析】句意：其实，这是一个典型的词，可以显示一个中国的素质——谦虚。A. However 然而；B.
Actually 实际上；C. Instead 反而；D. Finally 最后。根据句意和建议，联系上下文，可知 ACD 均不合
句意，故选 B。学科@网
10. C 【解析】句意：其实，这是一个典型的词，可以显示一个中国的素质——谦虚。A. honest 诚实；B. proud
骄傲；C. modest 谦虚；D. serious 认真。根据句意和上下文提示，可知选 C。
（二）
【文章大意】文章介绍世界上不同的国家的就餐习惯不同。
1. C 【解析】句意：当你去世界不同的地方的餐馆时，知道哪些是正确的哪些是错误的很重要。A. popular
流行的，受欢迎的；B. difficult 困难的；C. important 重要的；D. enjoyable 快乐的；根据句意故选 C。
2. D 【解析】句意：比如，在中国吃饭时发出很大声音是可以的。 A. cause 造成，引起，强调引起……后
果；B. keep 保持；C. hear 听见；D. make 制造，make a noise 发出噪音；根据句意故选 D。
4. B 【解析】句意：但是在一些西方国家，餐馆都是一些安静的地方。根据后文 If people at a table talk too
loud, other people who are eating there might even ____5____ to the owner of the restaurant.可知餐馆是个
安静的地方；A. noisy 吵闹的；B. quiet 安静的；C. busy 繁忙的；D. clean 干净的；根据句意故选 B。
5. C 【解析】句意：如果就餐的人说话声音太大，在那里就餐的其他人会向餐馆老板抱怨。根据上句餐馆
都是一些安静的地方。可知客人不满意，向老板抱怨；A. shout 喊，叫；B. explain 解释；C. complain
抱怨；D. speak 说；根据句意故选 C。
6. A 【解析】句意：在中国，一个人会为一起吃饭的每个人付钱。 根据中国的风俗习惯，通常是一个人
为所有的人付钱；A. everybody 每个人；B. nobody 没有人；C. somebody 某人；D. none 没有一个；
根据句意故选 A。
7. B 【解析】句意：但是，当朋友们一起吃饭时，他们会各自付账。A. until 直到；B. when 当……时候；
C. unless 除非；D. since 自从；根据句意故选 B。
8. C 【解析】句意：还有，当西方人付账时，他们会留一些小费给服务员。根据文意，一直在讲就餐的情
况，所以应是小费给服务员；A. gatekeeper 守门人；B. seller 卖东西的人；C. waiter 服务员；D. visitor
参观者；根据句意故选 C。
9. B 【解析】句意：在美国，留给服务员账单的 10%，15%或 20%是很普遍的。A. terrible 可怕的；B. common
普通的；C. serious 严肃的；D. unusual 不寻常的；根据句意故选 B。
10. D 【解析】句意：人们吃食物的方式在世界各地都不一样，但是在不同的国家你也会看到相同种类的食
物。A. invent 发明；B. discover 发现，指本来存在，以前从未被发现；C. prefer 更喜欢；D. find 发
现，强调结果，又可以表示偶然发现；根据句意故选 D。
真题再现
（一）
【文章大意】这篇短文给我们想象了未来世界的样子，文章中主要提到了关于未来世界的两个想象：
一个是飞行汽车；另一个是钢铁侠套装。这两种发明都有他们的优点，但同时也有很多的问题需要解决。
2. D【解析】句意：这里有两个关于明天世界的想象。past 过去；yesterday 昨天；present 现在；tomorrow
明天。根据短文开头第一句话 What will the future world be like?可知，这篇短文想象的是未来的世界，
故应选 D。
3. C【解析】句意：我们每小时能飞 480 英里，避开交通灯、拥挤的道路和超速罚款单。empty 空的；wide
宽的；busy 忙的；dirty 脏的。根据文意可知，这里介绍的是 flying car 飞行车，有了它，我们就可以
避免路上交通上容易出现的问题，如交通灯、交通拥挤和超速罚款，因此这里应选 C，表示道路拥挤。
4. D【解析】句意：然而一些人指出了飞行车的缺点。moreover 而且；instead 相反；in fact 事实上；however
然而。上文 We would fly at 480 kilometres per hour, avoiding traffic lights, 3 roads and speeding
tickets 讲述的是飞行车的优点，而这句话中 some people point to the disadvantages of flying cars 提到的
是它的缺点，因此两句话之间是转折关系，故选 D。
5. B【解析】句意：一个大问题是：如果飞行车坏掉了会发生什么？put down 记下，镇压；break down 坏掉；
write down 写下；calm down 平静下来。根据句意可知，这里说的是 flying car 的缺点，因此应该是如
果飞行车坏了该怎么办，故选 B。
6. A【解析】句意：而且如果他们变得受欢迎，那么就一定会有太多的空中交通。They 他们； you 你，你
们；we 我们；I 我。根据文意可知，这几句话介绍的是都是 flying cars，这个空代指的就是 flying cars，
是复数的，故应选 A。
7. C【解析】句意：因此好像如果飞行车想要离开地面，他们将会面对很多的问题。And 和，而且，表示并
列；But 但是，表示转折；So 因此，表示结果；or 或者；否则。根据文意可知，上文提到了飞行车的
优点和缺点，这句话是对未来世界可能会出现的飞行车做一个总结，表示的是结果，故应选 C。
8. B【解析】句意：想象一下你有你自己的钢铁侠套装。gloves 手套；suit 套装；helmet 头盔；shoes 鞋。根
据下文 This suit might help people to walk again after 11 or injury 可知，这里说的是钢铁侠套装，
故应选 B。
10. D【解析】句意：它在很多方面都是很有用的，尤其是对于残疾人。beautiful 美丽的；peaceful 和平的；
平静的；colorful 多彩的；useful 有用的。根据下句话 This suit might help people to walk again after 11 or
injury 可知，这种套装能帮助人，所以他们是有用的，故选 D。
11. A【解析】句意：这个套装可以帮助人们在疾病或受伤之后重新能走路。disease 疾病；holiday 假日；work
工作；party 聚会。根据句意可知，人们不能走路，原因可能是受伤了，或者是疾病导致，因应选 A。
12. B【解析】句意：但是目前的缺点就是价格。quality 质量；price 价格；need 需要；number 数字。根据
下句话 Even a simple suit can cost hundreds of thousands of pounds.可知，一套简单的钢铁侠套装就要花
费好几千英镑，所以它的一个缺点就是价格昂贵，故应选 B。
13. B 【解析】句意：一个像这样的套装需要很多的电量，电池目前只能持续 15 分钟。Chances 机会；power
电力，力量；rest 休息；experience 经历、经验。根据上句话 Another problem is battery life 可知，这里
说的是这种套装的另外一个缺点就是电池的寿命，因此这里应说的是电池的电量，故选 B。
14. A【解析】句意：你不会想让你的机器人的腿或者胳膊弯曲，可能会伤害。hurt 伤害；attract 吸引；protect
保护；attack 攻击。根据上句话 One other problem is that a badly programmed robot wearer.可知，这种套
装的另一个问题是编程不良，这可能会导致一些伤害。故选 A。
15. C【解析】句意：因此在未来，虽然我们可能能够飞着去上班，但在此之前还有很多问题要解决。whether
是否；unless 除非，如果不；although 虽然，尽管；until 直到…时候。根据这两句话的意思可知，他
们之间的转折的关系，故应选 C。
（二）
【解析】本篇文章难度适中，主要讲解天气预报的由来以及克利夫兰﹒阿贝的一些成就。
1. C 【解析】句意：但是你首先想要查看一下天气预报看看是否会下雨。A.生产；B.扩展；C.检查；D.组
织。根据句意，故选 C。
2. D 【解析】句意：你的父亲打开电视机听天气预报员做天气预报。A.消防员；B.邮递员；C.渔民；D.天
气预报员。根据句意，故选 D。
3. B 【解析】句意：明天早晨局部地区多云，下午变晴。A.所以；B.但是；C.在……之后；D.因为。根据
句意，故选 B。
4. A 【解析】句意：没有雨，家人们感到非常高兴。A.高兴；B.担心；C.有压力的；D.好奇的。因为明天
没有雨，家人们可以出去游玩，所以很高兴，故选 A。
7. A 【解析】句意：它们是基于从天气状况的电报中得到的天气地图。A.地图；B.车站；C.空间；D.中心。
根据句意，故选 A。
8. B 【解析】句意：由于它们的准确性因此很受欢迎。A.奇怪的；B.受欢迎的；C.糟糕的；D.没有用的。
根据句意，故选 B。
9. D 【解析】句意：国会对他们的天气报道很感兴趣。A.成功的；B.相同的；C.厌烦的；D.感兴趣的。根
据下文 They made Abbe a meteorologist (someone who studies weather conditions)可知选 D。
10. B 【解析】句意：国会让阿贝成为气象学者，开始一天三次发布天气预报。A.避免；B.开始；C.介意；
D.冒险。根据句意，故选 B。
（三）
【文章大意】本文介绍污水的产生及对人的危害和处理，号召人们节约用水。
1. B 【解析】考查动词。句意：它不仅使我们思考水的重要性，也号召我们节约和保护水。A. drink 喝；B.
save 节约；C. carry 搬动；D. watch 观看。根据大意介绍知道是节约和保护水资源，故选 B。
2. D 【解析】考查形容词。句意：其中，污水问题尤其严重。A. easy 容易的；B. popular 受欢迎的；C. small
形容词，小的；D. serious 形容词，严重的。从后一句污水是 2017 年的主题，因此知道是最严重的问
题，故选 D。
3. A 【解析】考查名词。句意：通常，废水来自家庭、工厂、医院等。A. factories 工厂；B. lakes 湖；C. rivers
河流；D. seas 海。从 homes, hospitals 知道是产生污水之地，因此是 A，其他均不能。
4. C 【解析】考查动词短语。句意：暴雨中街道上的雨水也会变成废水。根据 also 知道是与前面相同的是
下雨也产生污水，故选 C。A 是回来，收回；B 是上交；D 是拾起，支付，（开车）带人，均不合
文意。
7. C 【解析】考查名词。句意：我们必须关心我们的环境和我们自己的健康。A. work 工作；B. interest 兴
趣；C. health 健康；D. business 生意。既然污水对人体与环境有危害，那么我们就应该关心环境与身
体健康，故选 C，其他均不合文意。
8. D 【解析】考查介词。句意：家庭废水可以重复使用。A. on 在……上面；B. for 为……；C. with 和……
一起；D. from 来自。from homes 来自家庭。故选 D。
9. A 【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意：那么污水会更少。A. less 更少，little 的比较级；B. more 更多，
many/much 的比较级；C. better 更好，well/good 的比较级；D. worse 更差，bad/badly 的比较级。再
次使用当然应该是减少了污水，故选 A。
10. D 【解析】考查连词。句意：此外，工厂废水必须在回归自然之前加以净化。A. and 和、又；B. whether
是否；C. after 在……之后；D. before 在……之前。工厂在排放污水前应该进行处理清洁，以减少对
环境的污染，故选 D。
（四）
【文章大意】本文介绍了人类的新生儿生下来不能微笑或坐立，也抬不起头。在人类出生的第一年，
他们逐渐学会翻身，支撑起自己的头，坐起来，站起来，走路和跑起来。他们通过咿呀学语学习和模仿大
人学会说话。对人类来说，成长要花很多努力。
1. B 【解析】查名词及语境的理解。A. food 表示食物； B. danger 表示危险；C. waste 表示浪费；D. peace
表示和平。句意：如果危险就在附近，他们必须得能够逃离。根据 They have to be able to run away 可
知它们必须要逃离，应是有危险了，故选 B。
2. D 【解析】考查形容词及语境的理解。A. careless 表示粗心的；B. harmless 表示无害的；C. hopeless 表
示无望的；D. helpless 表示无能的，无用的。句意：但是人类的婴儿出生时是无能力的。根据后文的
They need the care of adults to live. 可知他们需要父母的照顾来活着，因此他们是没有能力的，故选 D。
3. C 【解析】考查介词及语境的理解。A. of 表示……的；B. for 表示对于，为了；C. without 表示没有；
D.by 表示通过。句意：在没有成年人帮助下，他们甚至无法举起他们自己的手。根据前文的 In the first
month of life，babies cannot smile or sit up 可知他们在刚出生的时候不会微笑和坐立，因此他们在没有
成年人的帮助下，他们无法举起他们的手，故选 C。
4. A 【解析】考查副词及语境的理解。A. even 表示甚至；B. never 表示从不；C. ever 表示曾经；D. still
表示仍然。句意：他们学习翻身，支撑起自己的头，甚至是在支撑下坐立起来。此处强调他们的能
力更强了，故用副词 even，故选 A。学科@网
6. C 【解析】考查动词及语境的理解。A. keep 表示保持；B. move 表示移动；C. hold 表示抓住；D. make
表示使。句意：许多婴儿在大约 6 个月时，能从一手放到另一手抓住一个物品。根据 an object from one
hand to another 可知此处用手拿东西，因此是抓住，故选 C。
7. B 【解析】考查代词及语境的理解。A. why 为什么；B. how 如何；C. which 哪一个；D. where 哪里。
句意：咿呀声是婴儿学习说话的方式。根据 Babies all seem to make similar sounds by babbling. 可知此
处表示婴儿通过咿呀声学习发出声音，这是学习说话的方法，故用疑问词 how，故选 B。
8. A 【解析】考查连词及语境的理解。A. before 表示之前；B. since 表示自从；C. after 表示之后；D. while
表示当……时。句意：一个婴儿将需要大约九个月才能说真正的语言。根据前文的 Babies all seem to
make similar sounds by babbling. They try to imitate（模仿）the sounds they hear from adults 婴儿要咿呀
学语，模仿听见的成年人的声音，可推测此处表示在婴儿能够真正地说出话前要花上九个月的时间，
故选 A。
9. C 【解析】考查动词及语境的理解。A. look 表示看；B. show 表示展示；C. run 表示跑；D. sit 表示坐。
句意：不久那个婴儿将独自四处跑。根据前文的 Somewhere around a baby’s first birthday he or she may
stand or walk with help. 可知婴儿学习站立和走路，因此不久之后就能跑步，故选 C。
10. D 【解析】考查动词及语境的理解。A. speaking 表示说；B. smiling 表示微笑；C. crying 表示哭；D. learning
表示学习。句意：婴儿生活的第一年是成长的一个时间而且学习成长需要很多努力。根据前文的 They
learn to roll over，support their heads...和 Babies also have to learn to use their hands 可知此处表示的是婴
儿时期的第一年是成长和学习的一年，故选 D。
模拟检测
（一）
【文章大意】本篇文章介绍了整个世界充满了色彩。几乎每样东西都有颜色。黄色的柠檬和香蕉，红
色的警告标志，绿色的春天叶子和草，蓝色的海洋等等，还有许多其他颜色，如橙色、棕色、紫色、白色
和黑色。世界随着一年中的季节颜色的变化而变化。暴风雨过后，你可能会看到天空中的彩虹。
1. D【解析】句意：几乎所有东西都有颜色。考查不定代词。A. none 没有人，没有任何东西；B. nothing 没
有东西，无物；C. something 某物，某东西；D. everything 一切，所有东西。根据上文 The whole world
is full of colours.（整个世界充满了色彩。）可知此句是“几乎所有东西都有颜色。”结合句意可知填
everything；选 D。
3. A【解析】句意：绿色是大多数春天叶子和草的颜色。考查名词辨析。A. Green 绿色；B. Red 红色；C. Yellow
黄色；D. Blue 蓝色。结合句意可知填 Green；选 A。
4. B【解析】句意：什么是蓝色？考查特殊疑问词。A. When 什么时候；B. What 什么；C. Who 谁；D. Why
为什么。根据下文“Blue is the colour of 5 .（蓝色是海洋的颜色。）”可知此句是“什么是蓝色？”
结合句意可知填 What，选 B。
5. C【解析】句意：蓝色是海洋的颜色。考查名词辨析。A. the sun 太阳；B. grass 草；C. sea 海洋；D. ground
土地。结合句意可知填 sea；选 C。
6. A【解析】句意：还有许多其他颜色，如橙色、棕色、紫色、白色和黑色。考查形容词辨析。A. other 其
他的；B. another 又一个，再一个；C. extra 额外的，附加的；D. else 其他的，一般修饰不定代词或特
殊疑问词，且要后置。结合句意填 other；选 A。
7. B【解析】句意：世界随着一年中的季节颜色的变化而变化。考查名词辨析。A. months 月；B. seasons 季
节；C. days 白天；D. weeks 星期，周。结合句意可知填 season；选 B。
8. D【解析】句意：秋天变成金黄色，冬天变成白色。考查形容词辨析。A. red 红色；B. green 绿色；C. yellow
黄色；D. white 白色。结合句意可知填 white；选 D。
9. B【解析】句意：暴风雨过后，你会看到天空中有许多不同颜色的东西。考查连词辨析。A. Until 直到；B.
After 在……以后；C. Before 在……以前；D. But 但是。结合句意可知填 After；选 B。
10. B【解析】句意：但是如果没有不同的颜色，你能想象这个世界是什么样子的吗？考查介词辨析。A. with
有，和；B. without 没有；C. for 为了，给；D. within 在……的范围内。结合句意可知填 without；选 B。
（二）
【文章大意】本文通过讲述冰酒的酿酒工艺的偶然发现，告诉我们如果我们保持眼界和思想的开阔，
就会有更好的事情发生。
1. A【解析】考查副词及语境的理解。A. once 曾经， B. also 也，C. only 只有，D. never 从不；句意：我
母亲曾经给我讲过冰酒的故事。此处的动词 told 是一般过去时，故用 once，故选 A。
3. C【解析】考查代词及语境的理解。A. why 为什么，B. when 何时， C. how 如何， D. where 哪里。句
意：这正是我们如何得到冰酒的。根据前文的 Sometimes, a great new product is invented by accident.可
知此处表示冰酒是如何产生的，故用疑问词 how，故选 C。
4. A【解析】考查代词及语境的理解。A. his 他的， B. our 我们的， C. your 你的，D. her 她的。句意：18
世纪，在德国，一个人在秋天离开了他的农场。此处主语是 a man，故用 his 修饰名词 farm，故选 A。
5. D【解析】考查形容词及语境的理解。A. hot 热的，B. wet 湿的， C. dry 干的，D. cold 冷的。句意：天
气突然变冷，他的葡萄都冻僵了。根据 his grapes froze 可知他的葡萄都冻僵了，因此表示天气变冷了，
故选 D。
6. B【解析】考查名词及语境的理解。A. sadness 悲伤，B. surprise 惊讶，C. worry 担心， D. shyness 害羞。
句意：当他品尝葡萄时，令他感到惊讶的是，那葡萄品尝起来非常甜。结合前后文可知天变冷了，葡
萄吃起来很甜，因此这是令他感到惊讶的，故选 B。
7. C【解析】考查动词及语境的理解。A. refused 拒绝， B. forgot 忘记， C. decided 决定， D. failed 失败。
句意：然后，他决定使用这些葡萄来制作一些酒。根据 People really liked his wine.可知他喜欢他的酒，
因此决定制作酒，decide to do sth 决定做某事，故选 C。
8. D【解析】考查名词及语境的理解。A. Canada 加拿大， B. England 英国，C. France 法国，D. Germany
德国。句意：对于两个国家来说，德国是唯一制作冰酒的地方。根据前文的 In the 1700s in Germany, a
man was away from _____4_____ farm in the autumn. T 和 Then, he ____7____ to use these grapes to make
some wine.可知此处表示德国制作冰酒，故选 D。
9. B【解析】考查动词及语境的理解。A. found 找到， B. produced 生产，C. sold 出售， D. ordered 命令。
句意：后来一个加拿大人想到这种酒可以在加拿大生产。根据后文的 After all, the winters are cold in
Canada and that’s the main ____10____ for making ice wine.可知此处指在加拿大生产冰酒，故选 B。
11. D【解析】考查动词短语及语境的理解。A. gave up 放弃，B. made up 化妆，C. cared about 在乎，D. found
out 查明，发现。句意：经过努力，一些葡萄农发现了最好的酿酒工艺，不久加拿大的冰酒开始销往
世界各地。根据宾语 the best process 可知此处表示发现了最好的酿酒工艺，故选 D。
12. C【解析】考查介词短语及语境的理解。A. by heart 凭记忆，B. in half 分成两半，C. by accident 偶然，
D. in secret 秘密地。句意：其他发明有哪些是偶然产生的？根据 a great new product is invented by
accident.可知新产品是偶然产生的，故选 C。
13. D【解析】考查介词及语境的理解。A. among 在……之间，B. through 通过，C. except 除了……之外，
D. without 没有。句意：真的很难想象没有挽救了数百万人的生命的青霉素的世界。此处表示很难想
象没有青霉素的世界会是什么样，故选 D。学科@网
14. A【解析】考查动词及语境的理解。A. cook 煮，B. sleep 睡觉，C. rest 修饰，D. exercise 锻炼。句意：
微波炉确实改变了我们的烹饪方式。根据主语 the microwave 可知微波炉是烹饪用的工具，故选 A。
15. B【解析】考查连词及语境的理解。A. because 因为，B. if 如果，C. unless 除非，D. though 尽管。句意：
如果我们保持眼界和思想的开阔，就会有更好的事情发生。此处表示条件，故用连词 if，故选 B。
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